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1501:
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1629:. Enlistment in the army was entirely voluntary, and only strong, physically fit men were recruited. The task of recruiting officers was in the hands of the Generals or the Maharaja himself. Every year, a lot of money was spent on presents and honours for the soldiers who had displayed gallantry. Titles like "Fateh-o Nusrat Nasib", "Zafar Jhang" and "Bright Star of Punjab" were given to many Generals. For disloyalty a soldier could be imprisoned or exiled. Usually, the soldiers were granted two months of leave, either in the winter season or before it. When soldiers were required, leaves were cancelled and they were granted leave at the end of the campaign. The pay of the Sikh Khalsa Army was higher than the pay of the British
1441:
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Although more of
Metcalfe's soldiers died, Ranjit Singh became particularly fascinated by the Muslim guards. This impressed Ranjit Singh and left a deep impact on him, as the Nihangs had quickly adopted the line formations of Metcalfe's escorts, dominating the entire Muslim battalion. The Maharaja then accepted the Treaty of Amritsar (1809), and saw the British as allies for the moment as he took the British refusal to engage after the assault on Metcalfe's convoy as well as the Sikh army's frequent unanswered incursions and attacks south of the Sutlej on British army officers in
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1453:, whom they usually escorted. The banner was of a French style and usually had its tricolor with 'Waheguru' inscribed on it. Infantry was clad in scarlet jacket/coat, white trousers with black belts and pouches. Different regiments were distinguished by the colour of their headdress white, red, green or yellow. The Gurkhas had green jackets and black caps. Postins (furcoats), or padded jackets were used during winter. Pathans and
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803:. He reformed the staffing to emphasize steady fire over cavalry and guerrilla warfare, improved the equipment and methods of war. The military system of Ranjit Singh combined the best of both old and new ideas. He strengthened the infantry and the artillery. He paid the members of the standing army from treasury, instead of the Mughal method of paying an army with local feudal levies.
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1516:...A royal order was issued to all the dancing girls in the town of Lahore to put on male garments, hold swords and bows in their hands and be decorated with other arms as well and then to present themselves at the Deorhi of the Maharaja on elephants and horses, in perfect smartness and with great grace...
1273:. The officers and other non-combatants of cavalry were similar to those of infantry. The pay of the cavalry was, however, higher than that of the infantry. The men in this division had a sort of helmet-turban with igret feathers coming out from the tip, they clad themselves in yellow kurtas and grey
1530:
On our arrival, we found... a party of thirty or forty dancing girls, dressed uniformly in boysâ clothes. They were mostly natives of
Cashmere or the adjacent mountains... (and) their figures and features were small, and their Don Giovanni costume of flowing silk most becoming, improved as it was by
1508:
There existed an amazonian corps composed of women, named after the ancient Greek legend of a nation of fighting women by visiting
European officials. There is no evidence they partook in any actual fighting. They performed martial dances with swords for visiting foreign dignitaries. Whilst dancing,
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with a yellow hazooria and kamar kasa. Under the Kamar Kasa (a cotton belt) should be two
Kirpans, a khanda and other daggers. One Kirpan should be Nagini and one straight. All Nihangs had horses on which there would be a Nishan Sahib, long Musket, a Karpa Barcha and a Nagni Barcha. The Nishan Sahib
1014:
Akali
Nihangs were not sustained under the Sikh Khalsa army. They were and are a religious army and follow their Jathedar as their emperor. These jathedars have evolved into the jathedars today. The Akali Nihangs even used to fight with the other armed soldiers of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Other parts
905:
and the police of the forts. They also refused any type of training and usually taunted the
Europeans. The Ghorcharas or the irregular cavalry had no uniform laid down for them; yet they turned out sharply, as testified by Baron Hugel, a Prussian noble, who visited Maharajah Ranjit Singh in 1836 and
2486:
Ranjit Singh's court at Lahore was a lively hub of arts patronage, home to courtesans and musicians who were accomplished, prized and powerful, and whose role at the court was mandated in royal protocols. Singh's own wives included courtesans, and the legend of his love for one Bibi Moran has been
845:
guards to inquire about the disturbances during prayer, before they were challenged by the Muslim soldiers who fired upon them. The Sikh
Nihangs shot off many musket and matchlock volleys rather than a sword charge. It resulted in the death of many of Metcalfe's escorts, while others were wounded.
1157:
Ranjit Singh wanted to westernise his army. The military system that he had inherited from his forefathers also served him well. The military system of the Sikh Empire under Ranjit Singh finally evolved as a compromise between the old and the new. Thus, the military system of the Sikh Empire is
1553:
Their uniform was as follows: a lemon yellow
Banarsi turban with a bejewelled crest; a dark green jumper over a blue satin gown, fastened with a gold belt; deep crimson skin tight pyjamas of Gulbadan; silk and a pair of golden shoes. As for jewellery, they wore a pair of gold earrings set with
1448:
The Fauj-i-Khas was the elite wing of the army. It was strictly trained under French pattern and had a separate emblem and flag. It consisted of four infantry battalions, two cavalry regiments and one artillery troop. Its weapons and equipment (including clothing) was of the best kind. The
1469:), long blue trousers with a red stripe, and crimson turbans. Woollen jackets were used during winter. They all instead of the traditional weapons carried only a three foot kirpan and a lance. The regiments were armed with varying combinations of weapons, including swords/sabres,
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The Fauj-i-Kilajat was the army defending the forts and also acting as police. Each fort had 50 to 250 of these men and their officer was called
Killedar or Thanedar. They were mainly Muslims and wore a traditional white turban with a sky blue overcoat and a yellow kurta.
794:
and his
European officers, it gradually became a prominent fighting force of Asia. Ranjit Singh changed and improved the training and organisation of his army. He reorganized responsibility and set performance standards in logistical efficiency in troop deployment,
819:
he gradually unified most of the Punjab through conquests and diplomacy. However the Afghans, the British and the Gurkhas remained a threat while his empire was in its infancy. Therefore, in 1805, he began recruiting regular forces and employing deserters from the
824:
as officers or soldiers. This latter tactic did not work particularly well because most of the deserters were constantly in touch with the British. The British were alarmed with the rapid conquests of Ranjit Singh and sent many diplomatic missions to help the
829:
from a possible conquest of their lands and to check the growing power of the Sikh sovereign. The Sikhs under Maharaja Ranjit Singh had already defeated the British while they first tried to lay claim to Delhi for the first time, states Rattan Singh Bhangu.
1701:
on the East India Company. They did so, and the Dogra-led Sikh Army was betrayed by its commanders who revealed battle plans to the British, which allowed them to win several crucial battles. This led to the defeat of the Khalsa and the British signed the
1489:. The Shutersawaar was in the Sher-Dil-Rajman Regiment. Gunners wore white trousers and black waistcoats with crossbelts. Officers were not bound by rules of uniform. They used distinctive dress of bright coloured silks each picking his own as he saw fit.
906:
inspected a cavalry parade. "I never beheld," he wrote of a troop of Ghorcharhas, "a finer nor a more remarkably striking body of men. Each one was dressed differently, and yet so much in the same fashion that they all looked in perfect keeping."<
1023:
and Akali Sadhu Singh. Unlike today's Nihang sects and Jathas earlier all Nihangs were in the Budha Dal and ate meat. The Nihangs who hunted boars and deer kept the trophies as 'Soor Das' (Boar's Tooth) and 'Barha Singha' (Deer Horns).
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should be pointed up resembling victory and should have an Ashtabhuja Dhuja on top. This class of Nihangs always came at the Back of the army as they had the tallest turban and held the Nishan Sahib. They were known as the troops of
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Throughout 1805, Ranjit Singh recruited many East India Company deserters in his army. The early results were unimpressive. During the visit of Charles Metcalfe, he was shown a band of soldiers, most of them wearing traditional
1760:
Ranjit Singh encircled himself with an array of generals and soldiers. They were men from different clans, castes and regions. Some of the ranks come from English, like adjudan (adjutant), kalnal (colonel), jarnail (general)
1301:
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with many chakrams in ascending order and a Gajgah. On the top of the turban lied a metre and a half long pharla to show that the spirit of the Khalsa would never be broken. Under the dastar Bunga was a Surmayee or navy
1656:
Sikh flag flew throughout the empire. The Nihangs had the Blue Flag, while different regiments of the army from different religions were allowed to have banners of their own. The regular regiments of different Sikh
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immortalised in a bridge built in her name Pul Kanjri (dancing girl) on the Amritsar-Lahore road. There was also his famous battalion of "Amazonian" dancers â armed courtesans who performed for foreign dignitaries.
939:
Some small Misldars still kept their lands but under the Empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. One famous Misldar is Fateh Singh Ahluwalia who fought against the Afghan forces and did not agree to the Dogra supremacy.
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to train the infantry in European style. In a few years, under his command, the infantry was modernized in French pattern. Similarly, in 1822, Ranjit Singh employed another French Napoleonic War veteran, General
1531:
a small bow and quiver in the hand of each. âThis,â said Runjeet Sing, âis one of my regiments (pultuns), but they tell me it is one I cannot disciplineââa remark which amused us, and mightily pleased the fair.
1714:, the Sikh regent, was imprisoned and later exiled. The Sikh Army was reduced to 20,000 infantry and 10,000 cavalry. The disbanded soldiers were also furious with the terms of the treaty. This led to the
1696:
After the death of Ranjit Singh, the Sikh Empire witnessed the murders of Ranjit Singh's sons, one after another, organised by the Dogras. Then the Dogras urged the army to make the Lahore Durbar declare
1201:
Ranjit Singh was fully aware of the importance of infantry. The task of recruitment in this section of the army had started after 1805, and continued throughout his reign. In the beginning, the number of
880:
The regular military force was backed up and supported by a further 52,000 well-trained and equipped professional-grade irregulars, known as Fauj-i-Be Qawaid. In addition, a large reservoir of feudal and
1577:
Sikhs formed the bulk of the Sikh Empire's army. The Sikh Army was mainly Punjabi with a predominantly Sikh cadre, but also had a significant multi-religious component made up from other parts of the
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The Dumala-Wala Nihangs wore a shorter turban with three to four chakrams and a small pharla from it. In the turban lied three to four short Khandas. On the Nihangs back has to be a
1661:
had mostly blue-coloured flags and banners. The infantry regiments had flags with depictions of plants and cavalry regiments had depictions of horses on their flags. The
1541:
The amazons may have served as a mock bodyguard troupe for the Sikh ruler. They were feared and respected. The commander of the amazonian corps was a singer named Billo.
837:
was sent to Amritsar for talks with the Maharaja. The soldiers created noise through their chants as they approached Ranjit Singh's fort in Amritsar and passed near the
1193:
1019:. They were devout Sikhs, heavily armed with many traditional weapons and refused European style training. They only wore blue or yellow robes. Their leaders were
1734:. On 14 March 1849, the Sikh Army surrendered to the East India Company. Many soldiers, while laying their weapons down, started crying and saying "Aj
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to train the infantry in western pattern. Under his guidance, within a few years, the infantry became the most disciplined unit of the Sikh army.
1440:
1269:. Each regiment consisted of 250 to 600 cavaliers. The regiments were further divided into risalas (corps). Each Risala consisted of 150 to 250
1265:. Under his command, the cavalry became very strong. In 1838â39, the overall strength of the cavalry was 10,000. The cavalry was divided into
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1581:. There were soldiers of different religious backgrounds (i.e. Muslims and Hindus) and there were soldiers of different tribal backgrounds:
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1137:'s efforts, Sikhs too began to join the infantry in large numbers. In 1822 Ranjit Singh employed a veteran of the Napoleonic Wars, General
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1504:'A Man with a Huqqah (smoking pipe) and Dancing Girl or The Amazons of Ranjit Singh' by an unknown artist, ca.1840â50, Lahore Museum.
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in this section of his army. Afterwards, owing to Ranjit Singh's efforts, Sikhs too began to join it. In 1822, he employed General
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Another contemporary observation of the corps was made by the Scottish traveler and explorer, Alexander Burne, in his travelogue:
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84:
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1692:"The Sikh cavalry delivering up their arms at Rawul Pindee (Rawalpindi), March 14, 1849," from the Illustrated London News, 1849
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One of the most unique regiments of the Sikh Khalsa Army was the Shutersawaar or the cannon mounted war camel used by
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1706:, ending the war in a Sikh defeat. The treaty stipulated that the Sikh Empire was to pay a significant amount of
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mar Gaya" (literally "Today Ranjit Singh has died"). However, many Sikh Army soldiers entered into service the
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they wore men's clothing. Their dances symbolized the martial glory of the Sikh Empire and its sovereignty.
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Another part of the Irregular force were the Ghorcharas. Ghorcharas were the relatives of the nobles of the
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The second most important division of the army was cavalry. In order to organize it on western lines,
1245:. Each company was divided into 4 sections. Each section consisted of 25 soldiers. It was put under a
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1297:"The Sikh trophy guns 'forming up', in the fort of Monghyr," from the Illustrated London News, 1847
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was based on military skill, not hereditary background, so the Sikh Khalsa Army was a classic
1386:
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1006:
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487:) Waheguruji ka Khalsa Waheguruji Ki Fateh (The Khalsa belongs to god, God will be victorious)
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Postcolonial Amazons: Female Masculinity and Courage in Ancient Greek and Sanskrit Literature
1669:
with Waheguru on it. Most of the Sikh flags had the inscription of the motto of the Khalsa: "
1554:
stones, a diamond nose stud, a pair of golden bracelets and a ruby ring on the middle finger.
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2458:. Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, Volume 28, Issue 2. pp. 124â132.
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1916:
1719:
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815:, the armies in Punjab consisted purely of cavalry. After Ranjit Singh became the Sardar of
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on their back in a holder. Most of them were cavalry while some were archers and infantry.
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889:. They in turn had to give tax to the state or a significant number of soldiers, known as
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Fauj-i-Khas was supplied with the best available ammunition and they were very loyal to
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Fauj. It consisted mostly of cavalry and infantry. It was the weakest part of the army.
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2516:"Of music and the Maharaja : gender, affect, and power in Ranjit Singh's Lahore"
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in the modern warfare. Therefore, he paid a special attention to the development of
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By 1838-1839 the strength of the infantry had risen to 45,000. It was divided into
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served in this sector of the army. However, with the passage of time and owing to
790:(regular force) and Fauj-i-Be Qawaid (irregulars). Due to the lifelong efforts of
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The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
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looked down upon infantry. Therefore, in the beginning, Ranjit Singh recruited
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The earliest surviving mention of the amazonian corps is from 12 March 1831:
1114:, while others wore European infantry ornaments. They had either traditional
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2471:"Why is Punjab, a land of sublime classical music, known only for bhangra?"
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The uniform of the amazonians of the Sikh court were described as follows:
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Bright Star of Punjab, Guru Jee ki sher, Fateh-o Nusrat Nasib, Zafar Jhang
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978: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lord of the Five Rivers, By Jean-Marie Lafont.
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below and on the shoulders was a yellow hazooria. They also carried a
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in 1832 and organized Topkhana-i-Khas. Under their able guidance the
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forces was available. Military jagirs were given to the ex-rulers of
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Illustration titled 'Regular and irregular infantryâSikh army, 1845'
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The Nihang Bana started with a navy or surmayee blue four foot tall
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and 8 to 10 gunners. Each section was under a Jamadar. The entire
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Cauldron, Sword, Victory or Prosperity in Peace and Victory in War
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Among some of the most important and illustrious names include:
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enrolled in the infantry was nominal. The reason being that the
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1413:. In 1838-39, the strength of the Sikh artillery was 182 heavy
1237:. Each battalion consisted of 800 soldiers. It was put under a
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1444:
Commander of a Sikh Army, 1850. Watercolour on Oriental paper.
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at its greatest height, during 1838â39, before the death of
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Previously, as the Sikhs refused to join infantry service,
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2619:
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Topkhana-i-Gavi consisted of medium cannons pulled by oxen
2431:"During quarantine, my goal is read all of Panth Parkash"
1015:
of the Irregulars consisted of the Akalis, also known as
1465:
Cavalrymen were dressed in red jackets (French grey for
1378:
Topkhana-i-Aspi consisted of light guns pulled by horses
1421:, and 60 light cannons. It had at least 5,000 gunners.
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Sikh soldiers receiving their pay at the Royal Durbar.
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Whoever utters it shall be fulfilled, God is Eternal
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History of Panjab, Dr L. M. Joshi, Dr Fauja Singh.
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148:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1364:Topkhana-i-Fili: Heavy cannons pulled by elephants
6959:Military units and formations established in 1801
850:as signs of weakness on the part of the British.
2254:â American general and later governor of Gujrat
1551:
1528:
1514:
1313:in the aftermath of the Second Anglo-Sikh War,
944:Budha Dal 96 Crori Fauj (Budha Dal Nihang Army)
5460:
4647:
3499:
2635:
2557:. Oxford University Press. pp. 252â254.
2542:– via White Rose University Consortium.
2408:
2406:
8:
6917:"Empire" as a description of foreign policy
2385:
2383:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2215:Among his European Mercenary Generals were:
1521:Victor Jacquemon, visiting French naturalist
1101:Modernisation and Formation of Regular Corps
695:Hindu regiments: Various goddesses and gods
2526:(2). The University of Sheffield: 654â690.
935:Misldar Sowars were part of the Ghorcharas.
526:Wahegur Ji Ka Khalsa Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh (
61:Learn how and when to remove these messages
6738:
5467:
5453:
5445:
5111:
4721:
4654:
4640:
4632:
3963:
3573:
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2642:
2628:
2620:
2027:(Cavalry, Horse Artillery and Gendarmerie)
1397:. The batteries were further divided into
1393:and 250 gunners. Each battery was under a
307:
4963:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
3815:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
1559:Faqir Waheed ul Din, The Real Ranjit Sing
1158:termed as a Franco-British system in the
1154:was employed to modernise the artillery.
994:Learn how and when to remove this message
284:Learn how and when to remove this message
266:Learn how and when to remove this message
208:Learn how and when to remove this message
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1777:
1568:
1352:made matchless progress in a few years.
873:Ghorchara (Horse-mounted) Bodyguards of
702:Akalis: Katar, dhal, kirpan or aad chand
700:Sikh regiments: Khanda or plain banners
537:) is normal but other regiments may vary
2351:Hari Singh Nalwa - Champion of Khalsaji
2342:
1389:or deras. Each battery consisted of 10
1146:to modernize the Sikh cavalry. In 1827
2452:Miniature Painters as Historiographers
2419:. Atlantic Publishers. pp. 65â68.
841:and caused an irregular detachment of
388:levies, Fauj-i-Kilajat and Ghorcharas)
295:
2603:(Oxford University Press. Date:2002,
2449:Khalid, Kanwal (JulyâDecember 2015).
1367:Topkhana-i-Shutri consisted of those
1340:in 1810. In 1812 he employed General
1332:was fully aware of the importance of
854:Fauj-i-Be Qawaid (Irregular Division)
782:. It was divided in three wings: the
697:Muslim regiments: crescent or others
7:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2413:Singh, Teja; Sita Ram Kohli (1986).
1081:tucked in their Kamar-Kasa with two
976:adding citations to reliable sources
835:Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe
762:), also known as Khalsaji or simply
146:adding citations to reliable sources
90:Please help consolidate the article.
2579:"Battle of Moodkee - the Sikh Wars"
1457:were directly sent to this force.
25:
313:Captured Sikh battle standard of
42:This article has multiple issues.
4618:
4617:
4609:
4420:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
2514:Kapuria, Radha (November 2019).
2307:Maharaja Ranjit Singh's Generals
1756:List of generals of Ranjit Singh
1722:. On 10 March 1848 Sikh leaders
1169:Sikh Matchlock musket, known as
1010:A Bungah-Wala Nihang with Gajgah
952:
875:Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Punjab.
766:, was the military force of the
725:
710:
333:
224:
122:
72:
31:
4610:
3461:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
2553:Penrose, Walter Duvall (2016).
1710:to the East India Company, and
1385:The artillery was divided into
963:needs additional citations for
647:Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Punjab
360:Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Punjab
133:needs additional citations for
50:or discuss these issues on the
4514:Sikhism and sexual orientation
2015:Company clerk/supply Sergeant
1784:Modern USA/UK/NATO equivalent
1060:in Dumala-Wala Nihang uniform.
1:
2353:, New Delhi: Manohar, p. 10,
1750:Ranks of the Sikh Khalsa Army
1425:Fauj-i-Khas (French Division)
1401:. Each section compromised 2
1178:Fauj-i-Ain (Regular Division)
1093:Matchlock. They held a Nagni
6964:Military in Punjab, Pakistan
2392:by Prof Manjeet Singh Sodhi
1730:eventually surrendered near
2469:Nair, Malini (6 May 2023).
2377:By Ian Heath, Michael Perry
1046:which inspired the war-cry
758:
481:Bole So Nihal, Sat Sri Akal
6985:
5022:British East India Company
3874:British East India Company
1753:
1473:, matchlocks, and lances.
1428:
1305:Captured Sikh guns of the
1284:Sikh cavalry turban helmet
1181:
1048:Fateh Singh Ke Jathe Singh
857:
535:'s, Victory belongs to God
384:irregulars (consisting of
6954:Military history of India
5434:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
5414:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
5363:Johann Martin Honigberger
5222:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
4607:
4286:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
4266:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
4215:Johann Martin Honigberger
4074:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
2657:
2532:10.1017/s0026749x18000446
2202:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
1936:Non-commissioned officers
1934:
1845:Senior lieutenant colonel
1724:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
750:
306:
5424:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
5419:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
4276:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
4271:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
833:A Muslim regiment under
770:. With its roots in the
448:Maharaja Nau Nihal Singh
85:too many section headers
5429:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
5307:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
4281:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
4159:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
3084:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
2375:The Sikh Army 1799â1849
2178:Nihal Singh Attariwalla
1633:and other Asian armies.
918:Fauj-i-Kilajat soldiers
435:The Maharajas of Punjab
5262:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
5247:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
5237:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
5217:Sher Singh Attariwalla
5212:Sham Singh Attariwalla
5108:Officials and warriors
5017:Emirate of Afghanistan
4923:Battle of Chillianwala
4114:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
4099:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
4089:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
4069:Sher Singh Attariwalla
4064:Sham Singh Attariwalla
3960:Officials and warriors
3869:Emirate of Afghanistan
3775:Battle of Chillianwala
3000:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
2749:Beliefs and principles
2243:Hohenzollern- Prussian
2240:Honignberger- Romanian
2174:Budh Singh Sandhawalia
2141:Gulab Singh Pahuwindia
1728:Sher Singh Attariwalla
1693:
1644:
1574:
1562:
1539:
1524:
1505:
1445:
1360:into four categories:
1326:
1298:
1285:
1198:
1174:
1150:, and in 1832 Colonel
1061:
1011:
936:
919:
877:
6887:Medieval great powers
5343:François Henri Mouton
5333:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
5172:Khushal Singh Jamadar
4959:Panchayati Revolution
4955:Hill StatesâSikh Wars
4910:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4452:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
4195:François Henri Mouton
4185:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
4024:Khushal Singh Jamadar
3811:Panchayati Revolution
3807:Hill StatesâSikh Wars
3762:Second Anglo-Sikh War
3074:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
2416:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
2390:History of the Punjab
2327:History of the Punjab
2220:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
2137:Khushal Singh Jamadar
2122:Fateh Singh Ahluwalia
1948:Chief Warrant Officer
1781:Sikh Khalsa Army rank
1754:Further information:
1716:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1691:
1639:
1572:
1503:
1443:
1371:which were pulled by
1354:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
1304:
1296:
1283:
1220:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
1196:
1168:
1139:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
1118:or European muskets.
1056:
1009:
934:
917:
872:
780:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
675:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
667:Sham Singh Attariwala
568:Second Anglo-Sikh War
456:Maharaja Duleep Singh
444:Maharaja Kharak Singh
440:Maharaja Ranjit Singh
6969:Sikhism and violence
6897:European colonialism
6882:Ancient great powers
5381:Influential families
5338:Claude Auguste Court
5328:Jean-François Allard
5242:Surat Singh Majithia
5232:Lehna Singh Majithia
5037:Hill States Alliance
4890:Battle of Ferozeshah
4877:First Anglo-Sikh War
4233:Influential families
4190:Claude Auguste Court
4180:Jean-François Allard
4094:Surat Singh Majithia
4084:Lehna Singh Majithia
3889:Hill States Alliance
3742:Battle of Ferozeshah
3729:First Anglo-Sikh War
3449:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
3427:Piara Singh Bhaniara
3306:United Arab Emirates
3044:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
2774:Cannabis and Sikhism
2520:Modern Asian Studies
2127:Jodh Singh Ramgarhia
1342:Claude Auguste Court
1263:Jean-Francois Allard
1148:Claude Auguste Court
1144:Jean-François Allard
1089:, a Jamdhardh and a
972:improve this article
811:Before the reign of
759:Sikha khÄlasÄ phauja
671:Jean-Francois Allard
563:First Anglo-Sikh War
315:First Anglo-Sikh War
142:improve this article
6892:Modern great powers
5227:Amar Singh Majithia
5162:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
4953:, KatochâSikh War,
4524:Idolatry in Sikhism
4442:Nanakshahi calendar
4437:Sikh Light Infantry
4079:Amar Singh Majithia
4014:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
3805:, KatochâSikh War,
2185:Mohammed Khan Zufar
2171:Desa Singh Majithia
2168:Diwan Khushal Chand
2144:Gurmukh Singh Lamba
2132:Ghaus Mohammad Khan
2089:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
1740:British Indian Army
1665:had its own French
1648:Emblems and banners
1485:in his conquest of
1325:, circa April 1849.
1160:Indian subcontinent
585:Battle honours
523:Official Salutation
452:Maharaja Sher Singh
5388:Sandhawalia family
5302:Sultan Mahmud Khan
5287:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
5272:Sangat Singh Saini
5167:Dewan Mokham Chand
5042:Kingdom of Mankera
4918:Battle of Ramnagar
4862:Battle of Peshawar
4857:Battle of Nowshera
4734:Battle of Bhangani
4425:11th Sikh Regiment
4240:Sandhawalia family
4154:Sultan Mahmud Khan
4139:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
4124:Sangat Singh Saini
4019:Dewan Mokham Chand
3894:Kingdom of Mankera
3770:Battle of Ramnagar
3714:Battle of Peshawar
3709:Battle of Nowshera
3586:Battle of Bhangani
3064:Nanak Shahi bricks
2967:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
2759:Sikh Rehat Maryada
2754:Guru Maneyo Granth
2585:on 5 December 2013
2349:Nalwa, V. (2009),
2228:- Italian (Naples)
2226:Paolo di Avitabile
2222:- Italian (Modena)
2211:Dal Singh Bharania
2182:Sangat Singh Saini
2165:Hukum Singh Chimni
2147:Shaikh Elahi Baksh
2099:Dewan Mokham Chand
1857:Lieutenant Colonel
1694:
1645:
1631:East India Company
1575:
1506:
1446:
1327:
1299:
1286:
1261:appointed General
1199:
1175:
1065:Dumala-Wali Nihang
1062:
1012:
937:
920:
878:
822:East India Company
663:Dewan Mokham Chand
157:"Sikh Khalsa Army"
6936:
6935:
6858:
6857:
6823:PolishâLithuanian
5998:Gurjara-Pratihara
5442:
5441:
5376:
5375:
5348:Alexander Gardner
5267:Kahan Singh Nakai
5252:Akali Phula Singh
5132:Diwan Bhawani Das
4969:
4968:
4900:Battle of Sobraon
4852:Battle of Shopian
4629:
4628:
4310:Bandi Chhor Divas
4294:
4293:
4228:
4227:
4200:Alexander Gardner
4119:Kahan Singh Nakai
4104:Akali Phula Singh
3984:Diwan Bhawani Das
3821:
3820:
3752:Battle of Sobraon
3704:Battle of Shopian
3189:Jammu and Kashmir
3089:Well of Dina Nath
2917:Guru Granth Sahib
2730:Guru Granth Sahib
2725:Guru Gobind Singh
2720:Guru Tegh Bahadur
2247:Alexander Gardner
2117:Akali Phula Singh
2109:Dhian Singh Dogra
2104:Gulab Singh Dogra
2058:
2057:
2054:or UK equivalent
1929:Second Lieutenant
1811:Brigadier General
1643:infantry standard
1346:Alexander Gardner
1311:Ambala Cantonment
1152:Alexander Gardner
1058:Akali Phula Singh
1028:Bunga-wali Nihang
1021:Akali Phula Singh
1004:
1003:
996:
776:Guru Gobind Singh
756:
736:
735:
731:Presidency armies
679:Akali Phula Singh
508:Bandi Chhor Divas
294:
293:
286:
276:
275:
268:
218:
217:
210:
192:
116:
115:
108:
65:
16:(Redirected from
6976:
6739:
6404:Austro-Hungarian
6104:Chagatai Khanate
5469:
5462:
5455:
5446:
5197:Balbhadra Kunwar
5157:Hari Singh Nalwa
5147:Misr Diwan Chand
5137:Diwan Buta Singh
5112:
5052:Barakzai dynasty
5027:Kingdom of Nepal
4981:Sikh Khalsa Army
4933:Battle of Gujrat
4895:Battle of Aliwal
4867:Battle of Jamrud
4847:Battle of Multan
4842:Battle of Attock
4834:AfghanâSikh wars
4726:Mughal-Sikh Wars
4722:
4656:
4649:
4642:
4633:
4621:
4620:
4613:
4612:
4549:Punjabi language
4509:Women in Sikhism
4049:Balbhadra Kunwar
4009:Hari Singh Nalwa
3999:Misr Diwan Chand
3989:Diwan Buta Singh
3964:
3904:Barakzai dynasty
3879:Kingdom of Nepal
3833:Sikh Khalsa Army
3785:Battle of Gujrat
3747:Battle of Aliwal
3719:Battle of Jamrud
3699:Battle of Multan
3694:Battle of Attock
3686:AfghanâSikh wars
3578:Mughal-Sikh Wars
3574:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3485:
3365:Sects of Sikhism
3331:Northern Ireland
3059:Moti Bagh Palace
3034:Bahadurgarh Fort
2732:(Sikh holy book)
2715:Guru Har Krishan
2644:
2637:
2630:
2621:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2581:. Archived from
2575:
2569:
2568:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2511:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2481:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2446:
2435:
2434:
2433:. 17 April 2020.
2427:
2421:
2420:
2410:
2401:
2387:
2378:
2372:
2361:
2347:
2312:Sikh Confederacy
2207:Balbhadra Kunwar
2188:Naziruddin Ilahi
2113:Hira Singh Dogra
2094:Misr Diwan Chand
2084:Hari Singh Nalwa
2075:Notable generals
1917:First Lieutenant
1778:
1720:Battle of Gujrat
1704:Treaty of Lahore
1678:NastaÊżlÄ«q script
1560:
1537:
1522:
1483:Hari Singh Nalwa
1044:Baba Fateh Singh
999:
992:
988:
985:
979:
956:
948:
860:Fauj-i-Be Qawaid
827:Phulkian sardars
817:Sukerchakia Misl
761:
755:romanized:
754:
752:
743:Sikh Khalsa Army
729:
714:
659:Misr Diwan Chand
655:Hari Singh Nalwa
651:Raja Fateh Singh
606:Dera Ismail Khan
548:Afghan-Sikh Wars
382:Fauj-i-Be Qawaid
337:
311:
299:Sikh Khalsa Army
296:
289:
282:
271:
264:
260:
257:
251:
228:
227:
220:
213:
206:
202:
199:
193:
191:
150:
126:
118:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
76:
75:
68:
57:
35:
34:
27:
21:
6984:
6983:
6979:
6978:
6977:
6975:
6974:
6973:
6939:
6938:
6937:
6932:
6921:American Empire
6906:
6902:African empires
6854:
6737:
6429:Central African
6375:
6193:Romano-Germanic
5779:
5513:Middle Assyrian
5486:
5478:
5473:
5443:
5438:
5402:
5393:Majithia family
5372:
5353:Paolo Avitabile
5316:
5297:Fakir Azizuddin
5207:Mehta Basti Ram
5127:Diwan Dina Nath
5103:
5067:
5047:Namgyal dynasty
4995:
4974:Military forces
4965:
4937:
4928:Siege of Multan
4904:
4885:Battle of Mudki
4871:
4828:
4717:
4711:
4687:Nau Nihal Singh
4665:
4660:
4630:
4625:
4603:
4565:
4336:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4254:
4245:Majithia family
4224:
4205:Paolo Avitabile
4168:
4149:Fakir Azizuddin
4059:Mehta Basti Ram
3979:Diwan Dina Nath
3955:
3919:
3899:Namgyal dynasty
3847:
3826:Military forces
3817:
3789:
3780:Siege of Multan
3756:
3737:Battle of Mudki
3723:
3680:
3569:
3563:
3539:Nau Nihal Singh
3517:
3512:
3472:
3357:and communities
3356:
3349:
3093:
3079:Ramgarhia Bunga
2990:Harmandir Sahib
2971:
2903:
2785:
2781:Diet in Sikhism
2735:
2666:
2653:
2648:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2565:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2513:
2512:
2493:
2479:
2477:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2448:
2447:
2438:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2388:
2381:
2373:
2364:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2285:Degh Tegh Fateh
2261:
2151:Raja Teja Singh
2077:
1960:Warrant Officer
1924:Jamadar-i-Sahni
1818:Adjudan-kumedan
1758:
1752:
1686:
1650:
1603:Kashyap Rajputs
1587:Mohyal Brahmins
1567:
1561:
1558:
1547:
1538:
1536:Alexander Burne
1535:
1523:
1520:
1498:
1496:Amazonian corps
1492:
1479:
1463:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1291:
1255:
1191:
1186:
1180:
1103:
1067:
1030:
1000:
989:
983:
980:
969:
957:
946:
929:
912:
899:
867:
862:
856:
809:
751:àšžàšżà©±àš àšàšŒàšŸàšČàšžàšŸ àš«à©àš
739:
691:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
642:
602:Dera Ghazi Khan
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
379:
373:
367:
362:
317:
302:
301:àšžàšżà©±àš àšàšŒàšŸàšČàšžàšŸ àš«à©àš
300:
290:
279:
278:
277:
272:
261:
255:
252:
241:
235:has an unclear
229:
225:
214:
203:
197:
194:
151:
149:
139:
127:
112:
101:
95:
92:
89:
77:
73:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6982:
6980:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6941:
6940:
6934:
6933:
6931:
6930:
6929:
6928:
6923:
6914:
6912:
6908:
6907:
6905:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6878:
6877:
6866:
6864:
6860:
6859:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6831:
6830:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6774:
6773:
6768:
6758:
6753:
6747:
6745:
6736:
6735:
6734:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6703:
6698:
6697:
6696:
6686:
6681:
6680:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6659:
6654:
6653:
6652:
6647:
6637:
6636:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6605:
6604:
6603:
6598:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6572:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6541:
6540:
6539:
6534:
6524:
6519:
6518:
6517:
6512:
6502:
6501:
6500:
6495:
6485:
6484:
6483:
6478:
6468:
6463:
6462:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6431:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6385:
6383:
6377:
6376:
6374:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6316:
6311:
6310:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6200:
6190:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6113:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6034:
6033:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6007:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5943:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5894:
5884:
5883:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5857:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5840:
5839:
5838:
5833:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5789:
5787:
5785:Post-classical
5781:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5765:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5743:
5742:
5741:
5731:
5730:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5683:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5650:
5640:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5584:Middle Kingdom
5581:
5571:
5566:
5565:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5544:
5543:
5542:
5540:Neo-Babylonian
5537:
5532:
5530:Old Babylonian
5522:
5521:
5520:
5515:
5505:
5500:
5494:
5492:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5472:
5471:
5464:
5457:
5449:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5410:
5408:
5404:
5403:
5401:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5384:
5382:
5378:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5368:Henry Lawrence
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5312:Sohan Lal Suri
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5118:
5116:
5109:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5063:Maqpon Dynasty
5060:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5012:Durrani Empire
5009:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4977:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4947:NepalâSikh War
4945:
4943:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4881:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4838:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4730:
4728:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4659:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4636:
4627:
4626:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4575:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4546:
4541:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4346:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4317:
4312:
4306:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4220:Henry Lawrence
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4164:Sohan Lal Suri
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3970:
3968:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3915:Maqpon Dynasty
3912:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3864:Durrani Empire
3861:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3799:NepalâSikh War
3797:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3690:
3688:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3444:Damdami Taksal
3436:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3361:
3359:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3311:United Kingdom
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3103:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2962:Sukhmani Sahib
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2927:Sarbloh Granth
2924:
2919:
2913:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2804:Sikh practices
2801:
2795:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2705:Guru Hargobind
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2676:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2597:
2596:
2570:
2563:
2545:
2491:
2461:
2436:
2422:
2402:
2379:
2362:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:First sergeant
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:Sergeant-Major
1973:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1864:Mahzor-i-Sahni
1860:
1859:
1854:
1852:Jamadar Kalnal
1848:
1847:
1842:
1840:Kalnal-i-Sahni
1836:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1822:Staff Colonel
1820:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1751:
1748:
1685:
1682:
1671:Deg Tegh Fateh
1667:tricolore flag
1649:
1646:
1579:Punjabi people
1566:
1563:
1556:
1546:
1543:
1533:
1518:
1497:
1494:
1478:
1475:
1462:
1459:
1437:
1434:
1429:Main article:
1426:
1423:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1365:
1290:
1287:
1254:
1251:
1190:
1187:
1182:Main article:
1179:
1176:
1110:and colourful
1102:
1099:
1066:
1063:
1029:
1026:
1002:
1001:
960:
958:
951:
945:
942:
928:
925:
911:
910:Fauj-i-Kilajat
908:
898:
895:
866:
865:Jagirdari Fauj
863:
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553:Nepal-Sikh War
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425:Anandpur Sahib
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5398:Tiwana family
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5358:Josiah Harlan
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5007:Mughal Empire
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4951:Sino-Sikh war
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4432:Sikh Regiment
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4250:Tiwana family
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4210:Josiah Harlan
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4054:Jawahar Singh
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3941:Harkishangarh
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3859:Mughal Empire
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3808:
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3803:Sino-Sikh war
3800:
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3671:Gurdas Nangal
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3646:Chappar Chiri
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3434:Agrahari Sikh
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3355:Groups, sects
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3343:U.S. Military
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3338:United States
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3054:Khanda museum
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3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3026:
3025:North America
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
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2943:
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2925:
2923:
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2915:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2897:
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2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2854:Three Pillars
2852:
2850:
2849:Antam Sanskar
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2839:Amrit Sanchar
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
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2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:The 52 Hukams
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2690:Guru Amar Das
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2633:
2631:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2609:0-19-566111-7
2606:
2600:
2599:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2566:
2564:9780191019500
2560:
2556:
2549:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2476:
2472:
2465:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2398:9789384025311
2395:
2391:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2359:81-7304-785-5
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2280:Shastar Vidya
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2252:Josiah Harlan
2250:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2237:Oms - Spanish
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:Zorawar Singh
2195:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2074:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:(Cavalry) or
2043:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1983:Sarjan Mahzor
1981:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:Adjudan Safis
1941:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1893:Staff Captain
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1799:Major General
1797:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1744:British Crown
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1690:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1623:military rank
1620:
1616:
1613:and European
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1571:
1564:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1532:
1527:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1502:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1320:
1319:daguerreotype
1316:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1295:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1188:
1185:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1073:with a Vadda
1072:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1008:
998:
995:
987:
977:
973:
967:
966:
961:This section
959:
955:
950:
949:
943:
941:
933:
926:
924:
916:
909:
907:
904:
896:
894:
892:
888:
884:
876:
871:
864:
861:
853:
851:
849:
844:
840:
839:Golden Temple
836:
831:
828:
823:
818:
814:
806:
804:
802:
798:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
760:
748:
744:
738:Military unit
732:
728:
724:
720:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
698:
694:
688:
683:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
645:
639:
634:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
558:Sino-Sikh War
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
544:
540:
536:
534:
530:
525:
521:
517:
516:Holla Mohalla
513:
509:
505:
502:
500:Anniversaries
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
460:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
433:
429:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
395:
391:
387:
383:
377:
371:
365:
361:
357:
353:
350:
347:
343:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
310:
305:
297:
288:
285:
270:
267:
259:
249:
245:
239:
238:
233:This article
231:
222:
221:
212:
209:
201:
190:
187:
183:
180:
176:
173:
169:
166:
162:
159: â
158:
154:
153:Find sources:
147:
143:
137:
136:
131:This article
129:
125:
120:
119:
110:
107:
99:
87:
86:
81:This article
79:
70:
69:
64:
62:
55:
54:
49:
48:
43:
38:
29:
28:
19:
6677:Contemporary
6527:Indo-Persian
6515:Nazi Germany
6459:Contemporary
6361:Vijayanagara
6260:Great Seljuk
6171:Thessalonica
6099:Golden Horde
5739:Carthaginian
5518:Neo-Assyrian
5503:Neo-Sumerian
5292:Ilahi Bakhsh
5152:Diwan Mulraj
5142:Pratap Singh
5099:Zorawar Fort
4980:
4754:2nd Anandpur
4749:1st Anandpur
4707:Duleep Singh
4682:Kharak Singh
4677:Ranjit Singh
4561:Sacred trees
4342:Other topics
4315:Hola Mohalla
4144:Ilahi Bakhsh
4004:Diwan Mulraj
3994:Pratap Singh
3951:Zorawar Fort
3832:
3606:2nd Anandpur
3601:1st Anandpur
3559:Duleep Singh
3534:Kharak Singh
3529:Ranjit Singh
3422:Mazhabi Sikh
3281:South Africa
3049:Kesgarh Qila
2995:Janam Asthan
2977:Architecture
2922:Dasam Granth
2889:Charhdi Kala
2769:Prohibitions
2710:Guru Har Rai
2695:Guru Ram Das
2602:
2587:. Retrieved
2583:the original
2573:
2554:
2548:
2523:
2519:
2485:
2478:. Retrieved
2474:
2464:
2451:
2425:
2415:
2389:
2374:
2350:
2345:
2322:Ranjit Singh
2232:Claude Court
2214:
2078:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2006:
1994:
1982:
1970:
1966:
1955:Adjudan-Seph
1954:
1942:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1899:
1887:
1875:
1869:Senior Major
1863:
1851:
1839:
1827:
1817:
1805:
1793:
1789:
1759:
1736:Ranjit Singh
1695:
1654:Nishan Sahib
1651:
1621:to a higher
1576:
1552:
1548:
1540:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1491:
1480:
1464:
1451:Ranjit Singh
1447:
1409:was under a
1384:
1356:divided his
1344:and Colonel
1330:Ranjit Singh
1328:
1259:Ranjit Singh
1256:
1224:
1200:
1156:
1135:Ranjit Singh
1120:
1104:
1068:
1034:Dastar Bunga
1031:
1013:
990:
981:
970:Please help
965:verification
962:
938:
921:
900:
879:
832:
813:Ranjit Singh
810:
801:marksmanship
792:the Maharaja
763:
742:
740:
699:
696:
527:
484:
469:
434:
423:, Lohagarh,
393:Headquarters
363:
280:
262:
253:
234:
204:
195:
185:
178:
171:
164:
152:
140:Please help
135:verification
132:
102:
93:
82:
58:
51:
45:
44:Please help
41:
6265:Khwarezmian
6198:Carolingian
6003:Rashtrakuta
5707:Shaishunaga
5606:Hellenistic
5589:New Kingdom
5579:Old Kingdom
5277:Hukma Singh
5192:Gulab Singh
5122:Dhian Singh
5094:Lahore Fort
5084:Multan Fort
5079:Jamrud Fort
5032:Qing Empire
5000:Adversaries
4986:Fauj-i-Khas
4663:Sikh Empire
4599:Patna Sahib
4594:Hazur Sahib
4129:Hukma Singh
4044:Gulab Singh
3974:Dhian Singh
3946:Lahore Fort
3936:Multan Fort
3931:Jamrud Fort
3884:Qing Empire
3852:Adversaries
3838:Fauj-i-Khas
3515:Sikh Empire
3478:Sikh Empire
3456:Singh Sabha
3385:Nanakpanthi
3296:Switzerland
3286:South Korea
3246:New Zealand
3241:Netherlands
3112:Afghanistan
2942:Japji Sahib
2874:The Five Ks
2869:Vand Chhako
2834:Anand Karaj
2297:Fauj-i-Khas
2265:Sant Sipahi
2048:(Artillery)
1708:reparations
1684:Disbandment
1663:Fauj-i-Khas
1641:Fauj-i-Khas
1627:meritocracy
1615:mercenaries
1565:Composition
1431:Fauj-i-Khas
1323:John McCosh
1307:Sikh Empire
984:August 2023
903:Sikh Empire
784:Fauj-i-Khas
774:founded by
768:Sikh Empire
707:Predecessor
576:Decorations
531:Belongs to
370:Fauj-i-Khas
364:120,000 men
339:Sikh Empire
18:Khalsa Army
6943:Categories
6835:Portuguese
6716:Revival Le
6706:Vietnamese
6349:Later Tran
6319:Vietnamese
6215:Singhasari
6203:Holy Roman
5827:Bulgarian
5763:Satavahana
5734:Phoenician
5670:Achaemenid
5631:Indo-Greek
5611:Macedonian
5525:Babylonian
5321:Foreigners
5282:Veer Singh
5257:Chandu Lal
4991:Fauj-i-Ain
4697:Sher Singh
4692:Chand Kaur
4579:Akal Takht
4519:In Fiction
4504:Ravidassia
4472:Dharamyudh
4395:Literature
4385:Panj Pyare
4325:Mela Maghi
4173:Foreigners
4134:Veer Singh
4109:Chandu Lal
3843:Fauj-i-Ain
3549:Sher Singh
3544:Chand Kaur
3400:Sewapanthi
3127:Bangladesh
3099:By country
3069:Pul Kanjri
3039:Fateh Burj
2952:Jaap Sahib
2937:Mul Mantar
2859:Kirat Karo
2844:Amrit VelÄ
2829:Naam Karan
2809:Sikh rites
2741:Philosophy
2700:Guru Arjan
2685:Guru Angad
2680:Guru Nanak
2589:9 December
2338:References
2317:Fauj-i-Ain
2290:Dharamyudh
2192:Sher Singh
2156:Veer Singh
1732:Rawalpindi
1607:Ramgarhias
1395:commandant
1309:parked in
1239:Commandant
1227:battalions
1184:Fauj-i-Ain
897:Ghorcharas
807:Background
788:Fauj-i-Ain
786:(elites),
716:Dal Khalsa
643:commanders
636:Commanders
376:Fauj-i-Ain
345:Allegiance
248:footnoting
168:newspapers
47:improve it
6828:Couronian
6466:Ethiopian
6454:Manchukuo
6409:Brazilian
6255:Ghaznavid
6225:Srivijaya
6176:Trebizond
6161:Byzantine
6143:North Sea
6138:Norwegian
6126:Almoravid
6109:Ilkhanate
6079:Majapahit
6052:Muromachi
5961:Solomonic
5946:Ethiopian
5860:Caliphate
5793:Aragonese
5621:Ptolemaic
5187:Lal Singh
5182:Tej Singh
5059:of Poonch
4809:Jalalabad
4718:conflicts
4702:Jind Kaur
4529:Criticism
4447:Ramananda
4302:Festivals
4039:Lal Singh
4034:Tej Singh
3911:of Poonch
3661:Jalalabad
3570:conflicts
3554:Jind Kaur
3395:Nirankari
3276:Singapore
3206:Indonesia
3142:Vancouver
3117:Australia
2909:Scripture
2864:Naam Japo
2791:Practices
2540:0026-749X
2480:11 August
2475:Scroll.in
2332:Akal Sena
2270:Miri piri
2161:Sawan Mal
2025:Brigadier
2007:Muttasadi
1712:Jind Kaur
1619:promotion
1477:Artillery
1419:howitzers
1407:artillery
1387:batteries
1358:artillery
1350:artillery
1338:artillery
1334:artillery
1289:Artillery
1271:cavaliers
1267:regiments
1231:companies
1116:matchlock
927:Misaldars
891:Jagirdari
797:manoeuvre
764:Sikh Army
722:Successor
386:Jagirdari
380:âą 50,000
374:âą 60,000
325:1790â1849
256:June 2021
198:June 2021
96:June 2021
83:may have
53:talk page
6808:Japanese
6771:Scottish
6751:American
6743:Colonial
6672:Imperial
6640:Moroccan
6576:Japanese
6554:Afsharid
6413:Burmese
6399:Austrian
6354:Later Le
6329:Early Le
6314:Venetian
6240:Tiwanaku
6153:Hellenic
6116:Moroccan
6047:Kamakura
6037:Japanese
6020:Saffarid
5973:Georgian
5887:Chalukya
5865:Rashidun
5855:Calakmul
5823:Bruneian
5702:Haryanka
5680:Sasanian
5675:Parthian
5626:Bactrian
5616:Seleucid
5596:Goguryeo
5574:Egyptian
5508:Assyrian
5498:Akkadian
5489:Colonies
5407:Treaties
4789:Sadhaura
4759:Chamkaur
4716:Military
4623:Category
4553:Gurmukhī
4544:Punjabis
4487:Hinduism
4415:Politics
4375:Waheguru
4370:Ik Onkar
4332:Vaisakhi
4259:Treaties
3641:Sadhaura
3611:Chamkaur
3568:Military
3410:Ramraiya
3380:Namdhari
3321:Scotland
3301:Thailand
3261:Pakistan
3231:Malaysia
3107:Diaspora
2985:Gurdwara
2660:Glossary
2259:See also
2234:- French
2031:Corporal
2000:Sergeant
1995:Havildar
1583:Pashtuns
1557:â
1534:â
1519:â
1487:Peshawar
1471:carbines
1455:Mazhabis
1436:Infantry
1399:sections
1315:calotype
1235:sections
1189:Infantry
1127:Pakhtuns
1123:Pashtuns
848:Ludhiana
685:Insignia
626:Peshawar
622:Nowshera
594:Amritsar
504:Vaisakhi
462:Motto(s)
417:Srinagar
413:Peshawar
378:regulars
368:âą 5,500
244:citation
6875:largest
6870:Empires
6850:Swedish
6845:Spanish
6840:Russian
6803:Italian
6778:Chinese
6766:English
6761:British
6756:Belgian
6731:Vietnam
6721:Tay son
6667:Tsarist
6662:Russian
6657:Ottoman
6623:Dzungar
6618:Khoshut
6591:Mexican
6586:Maratha
6569:Pahlavi
6549:Safavid
6544:Iranian
6471:Haitian
6434:Chinese
6394:Ashanti
6366:Wagadou
6292:Eastern
6287:Western
6270:Timurid
6230:Tibetan
6220:Songhai
6210:Serbian
6131:Almohad
6121:Idrisid
6025:Samanid
6015:Tahirid
6010:Iranian
5988:Kannauj
5968:Genoese
5904:Chinese
5897:Eastern
5892:Western
5880:Fatimid
5875:Abbasid
5870:Umayyad
5843:Burmese
5803:Ayyubid
5798:Angevin
5768:Xianbei
5756:Eastern
5751:Western
5697:Magadha
5660:Iranian
5653:Xiongnu
5638:Hittite
5547:Chinese
5535:Kassite
5484:Ancient
5476:Empires
5115:Natives
5057:Sudhans
4804:Lohgarh
4784:Sirhind
4774:Sonepat
4769:Muktsar
4615:Outline
4539:History
4482:Jainism
4355:Culture
4350:History
3967:Natives
3909:Sudhans
3656:Lohgarh
3636:Sirhind
3626:Sonepat
3621:Muktsar
3405:Nirmala
3316:England
3174:Germany
3164:Finland
3154:Denmark
3132:Belgium
3122:Austria
2947:Chaupai
2932:Gurbani
2894:Dasvand
2664:History
2651:Sikhism
2052:Private
2011:Phuriya
1967:Adjudan
1912:Jamadar
1905:Captain
1900:Subedar
1833:Colonel
1794:Jarnail
1790:Kumedan
1675:Persian
1659:sardars
1611:Nepalis
1595:Khatris
1545:Uniform
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1415:cannons
1411:General
1275:pajamas
1253:Cavalry
1247:Jamadar
1243:Subedar
1212:Pathans
1171:toradar
1131:Gurkhas
1112:turbans
1091:Toradar
1083:Kirpans
1075:Chakram
1017:Nihangs
883:militia
747:Punjabi
641:Notable
618:Shopian
512:Gurpurb
477:War Cry
421:Sirhind
330:Country
182:scholar
6813:Mongol
6798:German
6793:French
6783:Danish
6726:Dainam
6701:Tongan
6689:Somali
6684:Sokoto
6650:'Alawi
6628:Kalmyk
6608:Mongol
6601:Second
6581:Korean
6532:Mughal
6522:Indian
6505:German
6498:Second
6488:French
6481:Second
6417:Second
6389:Afghan
6381:Modern
6307:Kyrgyz
6302:Uighur
6297:Second
6277:Turkic
6245:Toltec
6181:Epirus
6166:Nicaea
6089:Mongol
6042:Yamato
5978:Huetar
5836:Second
5773:Rouran
5722:Shunga
5717:Maurya
5692:Kushan
5665:Median
5643:Hunnic
5601:Harsha
4942:Others
4779:Samana
4744:Basoli
4739:Nadaun
4670:Rulers
4534:Punjab
4467:Dastar
4462:Sardar
4410:Places
4380:Khanda
3794:Others
3631:Samana
3596:Basoli
3591:Nadaun
3522:Rulers
3390:Nihang
3370:Khalsa
3291:Sweden
3271:Poland
3266:Panama
3256:Norway
3199:Punjab
3179:Greece
3169:France
3137:Canada
3020:Europe
3010:Africa
2957:Rehras
2899:Jhatka
2879:Simran
2824:Langar
2819:Kirtan
2799:Khalsa
2607:
2561:
2538:
2396:
2357:
2046:Topchi
1971:Sarjan
1888:Kaptan
1876:Mahzor
1828:Kalnal
1806:Sardar
1673:", in
1591:Dogras
1373:camels
1216:Dogras
1108:kurtas
1095:Barcha
1087:Khanda
843:Nihang
799:, and
772:Khalsa
692:symbol
630:Ladakh
614:Multan
610:Attock
598:Gujrat
590:Lahore
529:Khalsa
495:Kirtan
431:Patron
409:Multan
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401:Attock
397:Lahore
372:elites
349:Khalsa
322:Active
184:
177:
170:
163:
155:
6863:Lists
6818:Omani
6788:Dutch
6694:Isaaq
6645:Saadi
6613:Oirat
6596:First
6564:Qajar
6493:First
6476:First
6449:China
6422:Third
6282:First
6235:Tikal
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6074:Latin
6069:Khmer
6064:Kanem
6030:Buyid
5956:Zagwe
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5941:Chola
5848:First
5831:First
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5808:Aztec
5746:Roman
5727:Gupta
5712:Nanda
5648:White
5072:Forts
4824:Delhi
4814:Jammu
4799:Rahon
4764:Sarsa
4571:Takht
4499:Sikhs
4477:Islam
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4405:Names
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4365:Music
4320:Maghi
3924:Forts
3676:Delhi
3666:Jammu
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3616:Sarsa
3439:Jatha
3415:Udasi
3326:Wales
3236:Nepal
3226:Japan
3221:Italy
3194:Kochi
3184:India
3149:China
2814:ArdÄs
2672:Gurus
2456:(PDF)
2275:Gatka
2042:Sowar
2038:Sepoy
1881:Major
1417:, 20
1208:Sikhs
1204:Sikhs
1079:Katar
1039:chola
887:Misls
492:March
189:JSTOR
175:books
6633:Bogd
6559:Zand
6537:Sikh
6444:Qing
6439:Ming
6371:Wari
6339:Tran
6324:Dinh
6094:Yuan
6084:Mali
5993:Pala
5983:Inca
5934:Yuan
5924:Song
5919:Liao
5914:Tang
5687:Kush
5569:DÊżmt
4492:Rama
3375:Mina
3251:Niue
3216:Iraq
3211:Iran
3159:Fiji
3015:Asia
3005:List
2884:Sewa
2662:and
2605:ISBN
2591:2013
2559:ISBN
2536:ISSN
2482:2023
2394:ISBN
2355:ISBN
2302:Misl
2021:Naik
1726:and
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1599:Jats
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1391:guns
1369:guns
1233:and
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1129:and
1085:, a
1071:Dhal
741:The
542:Wars
355:Size
246:and
161:news
6711:Mac
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6057:Edo
5929:JÄ«n
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5562:Jin
5557:Han
5552:Qin
4360:Art
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2528:doi
2040:or
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1969:or
1792:or
1699:war
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