31:
214:
354:
882:
1121:
291:
264:
Brooches of this type are the most common and thus studied form of surviving Irish and
Scottish medieval metalworks due both to their then popularity and inherent durability. Examples such as the Kilmainham Brooch were built by skilled craftsmen and their workshops using precious metal, and intended
201:
decorations. The ring ends on two quadrilobate terminals (i.e., consisting of four lobes each), which are formed from a central square surrounded by semi-circular or crescent lobes, three of which are free, while the fourth is shaped and attached to the arm of the ring itself. The format of the
237:. Most of the original pin head is lost, with only its base remaining intact, and also has traces of red enamel. The reverse is mostly flat but repeats the shape of the oval compartment on the front. It has some interlace designs, including two interlocking dogs.
273:
The
Kilmainham Brooch is usually dated to the late 8th or early 9th centuries as it is seen as transitional in both style and material. Its annular form and use of filigree place it in the 8th-century Irish tradition, while its use of silver, as opposed to
248:
character" with "fine workmanship", and compared to the Tara example although "not so fine". Although described in 1989 as "probably Irish", it contains structural and decorative designs, including its lobed (ie "hanging") terminals, small cusps, and the
130:
and other vestments rather than for everyday wear, as its precious metal content would have made it a status symbol for its owner; less expensive Viking-style brooches were typically worn in pairs on women's clothing.
889:| listclass = hlist | titlestyle = background: #e0d3bc | groupstyle = background: #f3e9d4 | evenstyle = background: #fefcf6 | belowstyle = background: #e0d3bc | abovestyle = background: #e0d3bc | above =
197:, with flat areas reserved for decorative elements. Its top contains a wide oval compartment or cell bearing traces of red enamel, while the sides are formed from gold plates bounded by twisted wires and
118:
of the "penannular" type (i.e. its ring does not fully close or is incomplete). With a diameter of 9.67 cm, it is a relatively large example, and is made from silver, gold and glass, with
134:
The brooch is dated to the late 8th or early 9th century based on its 8th-century design patterns, along with the fact that silver was not easily available in
Ireland until the first
389:
when there was high demand for replicas of objects from
Ireland's medieval period, particularly from its "Golden Age of Irish Art", roughly AD 700–1200 (especially for metalwork).
1595:
470:
30:
1444:
1005:
334:
159:
94:
782:
Treasures of early Irish art, 1500 B.C. to 1500 A.D: From the collections of the
National Museum of Ireland, Royal Irish Academy, Trinity College Dublin
564:
322:
was described by historian
Stephen Harrison as "demonstrably the largest burial complex of its type in western Europe, Scandinavia excluded".
1042:
855:
834:
808:
794:
869:
279:
1439:
396:-pins (a naming trend also evident in the titling of the Tara Brooch, which was in reality found 28 km (17 mi) from the
1399:
781:
392:
Replicas of the brooch were given the "celebrity" title of the "Knight
Templar" Brooch to increase saleability as nationalistic
1417:
1387:
1345:
318:
and other artifacts of
Scandinavian origin or influence. After further excavations in the 21st century, the area of Kilmainham-
1405:
1600:
944:
373:, England, who moved to Dublin in 1842, and exhibited the Tara and Kilmainham Brooches, and their replicas, at the 1851
683:
1491:
1480:
1449:
1177:
1010:
822:
612:
329:. Its earliest recorded ownership dates to the late 18th century, when it was in the collection of Ralph Ouseley of
146:
in
Ireland. Although established as being of Irish origin, its form and decorations seem heavily influenced by both
847:
786:
708:
670:
382:
366:
358:
1315:
1035:
241:
135:
213:
1590:
404:
later dismissed the trend for giving brooches —and more importantly, their replicas— such titles as "fanciful
1351:
1231:
638:
433:
1369:
1085:
174:
as its ring is incomplete (does not fully close). It is made from gold, silver and (mostly red) glass and
353:
1465:
1375:
1273:
1225:
1145:
1028:
914:
839:
666:
1529:
1381:
1339:
1279:
1207:
1100:
599:
342:
881:
721:
1309:
1255:
1249:
1171:
1110:
1075:
932:
896:
770:
756:
250:
193:
and glass inserts, although some of these are now lost. The ring is outlined by double ridges in
765:
Coffey, George; Armstrong, E.C.R. "Scandinavian
Objects Found at Island-Bridge and Kilmainham".
1120:
325:
The find-spot was near the ruins of a late-medieval hospice run by the Saint John of Jerusalem
126:
decorations. Like other high-quality brooches of its class, it was probably intended to fasten
1363:
1327:
1267:
1201:
1183:
920:
865:
851:
830:
804:
790:
183:
634:
138:
in AD 795. It was found in the 18th century during an excavation of a Viking burial place in
1485:
1357:
374:
326:
278:, indicates at earliest an early 9th-century origin, that is in the period after the 795 AD
1519:
1497:
1393:
1150:
1090:
412:... by a firm of Dublin jewellers". The V&A acquired its copy at the 1851 Exhibition.
290:
226:
198:
175:
171:
123:
704:
429:
1585:
1514:
1475:
1470:
1434:
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1243:
1189:
1000:
950:
691:
653:"Reports from the Commissioners", volume 54, British Parliament, House of Commons, 1853
386:
338:
203:
155:
1579:
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1237:
1219:
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967:
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908:
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630:
311:
207:
115:
1559:
1534:
1261:
1213:
987:
938:
397:
330:
319:
767:
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature
189:
The frame is made from cast silver and contains cells that once held gold spiral
1539:
1195:
1140:
1135:
1065:
1051:
972:
902:
617:
295:
258:
230:
179:
69:
635:
Narrative of a residence in Ireland during the Summer of 1814, and that of 1815
1564:
1524:
1333:
1155:
1095:
401:
307:
245:
147:
139:
79:
65:
815:
1549:
977:
370:
234:
302:
It was found in the mid-18th century at a late 9th- and early 10th-century
862:
The Work of Angels: Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork: 6th to 9th Centuries
190:
119:
801:
The Art of the Picts: Sculpture and Metalwork in Early Medieval Scotland
774:
760:
705:
Brooch from Kilmainham, early 20th century (original dated 11th century)
1080:
725:
378:
275:
222:
194:
565:
English and Pictish Terms for Brooch in an 8th-century Irish Law-Text
303:
143:
83:
202:
quatrefoil terminals has been compared to the opening folio for the
377:(or "Crystal Palace Exhibition"). An early 20th-century bronze and
1554:
982:
684:
The Celtic Revival in Britain and Ireland: Reconstructing the past
393:
352:
315:
289:
254:
212:
151:
261:
origin (unlikely), or at least heavily influenced by that style.
210:. The overall head is strap-like when viewed in cross-section.
1544:
265:
as status symbols for wealthy (and often female) commissioners.
127:
1024:
1020:
844:
Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland: Irish Antiquities
779:
De Paor, Liam. "The Christian Triumph: The Golden Age". In:
282:, when silver became more available to native metalworkers.
162:, where it is on permanent display in the "Treasury room".
178:, and is similar in form and material to the better-known
827:
Medieval c. 400—c. 1600: Art and Architecture of Ireland
473:". National Museum of Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2021
816:
Description and history of Irish antique art metal work
751:
Briggs, Stephen. "The Roscrea Brooch Re-Provenanced?".
369:, London, is from George Waterhouse, a jeweller from
1507:
1458:
1427:
1164:
1128:
1058:
333:. Today it is held by the archeology branch of the
100:
90:
75:
61:
53:
45:
37:
23:
598:Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Volume 3.
400:, but was at times named the "Royal Tara Brooch".
864:. Austin (TX): University of Texas Press, 1989.
829:. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press, 2014.
879:| name = Celtic brooches | image =
667:Brooch. 25/07/1849 (designed), ca. 1850 (made)
154:(in design and technique). It is held at the
1036:
240:The brooch's style has been described as of "
8:
1596:Collection of the National Museum of Ireland
686:". In: Farley, Julia; Hunter, Fraser (eds),
1043:
1029:
1021:
661:
659:
385:, New York. Both were produced during the
20:
621:, 17 July 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2021
819:. Dublin: Sealy, Bryers and Walker, 1893
225:on the curves of the ring is made up of
529:
527:
525:
523:
513:
511:
509:
421:
799:Henderson, George; Henderson, Isabel.
649:
647:
541:
539:
444:
442:
341:, Dublin, having been acquired by the
589:Ó Floinn; Wallace (2002), pp. 216–215
465:
463:
7:
430:Retracing Ireland's Lost Archaeology
253:on the hoop, are reminiscent of the
114:is a late 8th- or early 9th-century
49:Diameter 9.67 cm (3.81 in)
673:, London. Retrieved 29 October 2021
580:Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 116
491:Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 117
14:
1440:Library of Trinity College Dublin
613:The Vikings beneath modern Dublin
571:, 2004. Retrieved 24 October 2021
1119:
880:
517:Ó Floinn; Wallace (2002), p. 185
217:Detail of the left-hand terminal
29:
1346:Clonmacnoise Crucifixion Plaque
1180:(late 7th or early 8th century)
357:Early 20th century copy at the
257:, indicating that it may be of
142:, on the fringe of the city of
1:
1400:Shrine of Saint Lachtin's Arm
1312:, (late 9th or early 10th c.)
963:| group2 = Styles | list2 =
892:| group1 = Extant | list1 =
753:Ulster Journal of Archaeology
501:Ulster Journal of Archaeology
365:The mid-19th century copy in
57:Late 8th or early 9th century
1418:Shrine of St Patrick's Tooth
1388:Shrine of St. Patrick's Bell
1348:(late 10th or early 11th c.)
408:... and sometimes ridiculous
1450:National Museum of Scotland
1406:Bell Shrine of St. Cuileáin
1178:Rinnegan Crucifixion Plaque
1011:National Museum of Scotland
803:. Thames and Hudson, 2004.
728:. Retrieved 23 October 2021
711:. Retrieved 23 October 2021
641:. Retrieved 29 October 2021
482:De Paor (1977), pp. 134–135
436:. Retrieved 23 October 2021
280:Viking invasions of Ireland
41:Silver, gold, enamel, glass
1617:
1445:National Museum of Ireland
1294:(late 8th or early 9th c.)
1006:National Museum of Ireland
848:National Museum of Ireland
842:; Wallace, Patrick (eds).
787:Metropolitan Museum of Art
709:Metropolitan Museum of Art
671:Victoria and Albert Museum
383:Metropolitan Museum of Art
367:Victoria and Albert Museum
359:Metropolitan Museum of Art
335:National Museum of Ireland
160:National Museum of Ireland
150:(in material) and earlier
95:National Museum of Ireland
1420:(12th & late 14th c.)
1174:(late 6th or early 7th c)
1117:
945:St Ninian's Isle Treasure
929:(late 8th or early 9th c)
917:(late 8th or early 9th c)
899:(late 6th or early 7th c)
471:The Viking Age in Ireland
170:The brooch is classed as
28:
1288:(8th or 9th & 14 c.)
503:, volume 39, 1976, p. 18
158:, Dublin, branch of the
1352:Bell Shrine of St. Mura
993:| group3 = Collections
688:Celts: Art and Identity
639:University College Cork
434:University College Cork
1459:Notable art historians
1372:(shrine: late 11th c.)
1370:Cathach of St. Columba
1316:Muiredach's High Cross
1086:Illuminated manuscript
722:Brooch from Kilmainham
533:De Paor (1977), p. 142
362:
299:
233:animals, including an
218:
18:Medieval Celtic brooch
554:Youngs (1989), p. 150
545:Johnson (1893), p. 86
356:
314:, Ireland, alongside
293:
216:
1376:Clonmacnoise Crozier
1274:Londesborough Brooch
1232:St. Fillan's Crozier
1226:Moylough Belt-Shrine
1146:Insular illumination
915:Londesborough Brooch
860:Youngs, Susan (ed).
737:Briggs (2017), p. 82
569:Medieval Archaeology
1601:Silver-gilt objects
1530:Celtic Christianity
1382:River Laune Crozier
1280:Derrynaflan Chalice
1208:Lindisfarne Gospels
1101:House-shaped shrine
769:, volume 28, 1910.
755:, volume 74, 2017.
694:, 2015, pp. 234–259
600:Royal Irish Academy
563:Swift, Catherine. "
457:Moss (2014), p. 411
448:Moss (2014), p. 410
343:Royal Irish Academy
229:bodies and legs of
1336:(10th and 15th c.)
1310:Prosperous Crozier
1256:Monymusk Reliquary
1250:Breadalbane Brooch
1172:Ballinderry Brooch
1111:Processional cross
1076:Crucifixion plaque
933:Breadalbane Brooch
897:Ballinderry Brooch
381:replica is in the
363:
300:
219:
184:Hunterston Broochs
1573:
1572:
1466:Raghnall Ó Floinn
1364:Shrine of Miosach
1328:Ardboe High Cross
1292:Kilmainham Brooch
1268:Tully Lough Cross
1202:Lichfield Gospels
1184:Hunterston Brooch
947:(8th & 9th c)
941:(8th & 9th c)
935:(8th & 9th c)
927:Kilmainham Brooch
921:Hunterston Brooch
856:978-0-7171-2829-7
840:Ó Floinn, Raghnal
835:978-0-3001-7919-4
813:Johnson, Edmond.
809:978-0-5002-8963-1
795:978-0-8709-9164-6
682:Fowle, Frances. "
327:Order of Templars
206:in the c. AD 800
152:Pictish metalwork
112:Kilmainham Brooch
108:
107:
24:Kilmainham Brooch
1608:
1340:Soiscél Molaisse
1318:(9th or 10th c.)
1123:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1022:
884:
870:978-02927-9058-2
738:
735:
729:
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611:King, Anthony. "
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375:Great Exhibition
91:Present location
33:
21:
1616:
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1609:
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1606:
1605:
1591:Celtic brooches
1576:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1520:Anglo-Saxon art
1503:
1498:Margaret Stokes
1454:
1423:
1414:(early 12th c.)
1394:Lismore Crozier
1282:(8th or 9th c.)
1276:(8th or 9th c.)
1270:(8th or 9th c.)
1160:
1124:
1115:
1091:Insular crozier
1054:
1049:
997:
964:
905:(c. 710 to 750)
893:
890:
885:| title =
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306:burial site at
288:
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136:Viking invasion
19:
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5:
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1537:
1532:
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1515:Abbey of Kells
1511:
1509:
1505:
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1501:
1495:
1489:
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1476:Griffin Murray
1473:
1471:Peter Harbison
1468:
1462:
1460:
1456:
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1453:
1452:
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1442:
1437:
1435:British Museum
1431:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1408:(late-11th c.)
1403:
1397:
1391:
1390:(c. 1094–1105)
1385:
1384:(late 11th c.)
1379:
1378:(late 11th c.)
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1343:
1342:(c. 1001–1011)
1337:
1331:
1325:
1324:(c. 9–11th c.)
1319:
1313:
1307:
1304:Book of Armagh
1301:
1295:
1289:
1286:Domnach Airgid
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1244:Ruthwell Cross
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1214:Ardagh Chalice
1211:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1190:Book of Durrow
1187:
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1175:
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1001:British Museum
995:
991:
990:
985:
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975:
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962:
961:
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954:
951:Roscrea Brooch
948:
942:
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692:British Museum
675:
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631:Plumptre, Anne
623:
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591:
582:
573:
556:
547:
535:
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459:
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387:Celtic Revival
350:
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339:Kildare Street
287:
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204:Gospel of Luke
167:
164:
156:Kildare Street
106:
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101:Identification
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62:Period/culture
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1513:
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1510:
1506:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1492:George Petrie
1490:
1487:
1486:Máire de Paor
1484:
1482:
1479:
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1469:
1467:
1464:
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1457:
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1441:
1438:
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1433:
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1426:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1412:Cross of Cong
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
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1389:
1386:
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1368:
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1358:Breac Maodhóg
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1322:Kells Crozier
1320:
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1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:Book of Kells
1296:
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1269:
1266:
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1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:Book of Dimma
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1220:Rogart Brooch
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
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1167:
1163:
1157:
1156:Triple spiral
1154:
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1147:
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1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
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1127:
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1112:
1109:
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1106:Pictish stone
1104:
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1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
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1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1071:Celtic brooch
1069:
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1064:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1017:
1016:Ulster Museum
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
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968:Celtic brooch
966:
965:
958:
957:Penrith Hoard
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
909:Rogart Brooch
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
894:
888:
887:Celtic brooch
883:
877:
871:
867:
863:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
821:
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792:
788:
784:
783:
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768:
764:
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749:
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734:
731:
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566:
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548:
542:
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536:
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431:
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403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
360:
355:
348:
346:
345:before 1853.
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
313:
312:County Dublin
309:
305:
297:
292:
285:
283:
281:
277:
268:
266:
262:
260:
256:
252:
247:
243:
238:
236:
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228:
224:
215:
211:
209:
208:Book of Kells
205:
200:
196:
192:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
165:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
132:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:Celtic brooch
113:
103:
99:
96:
93:
89:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
16:
1560:Scottish art
1535:Clonmacnoise
1360:(c. 11th c.)
1291:
1262:Stowe Missal
1198:(c. 710-750)
996:| list3 =
992:
988:Scottish art
939:Ardagh Hoard
926:
875:
861:
843:
826:
823:Moss, Rachel
814:
800:
780:
766:
752:
733:
716:
699:
687:
678:
626:
616:
607:
594:
585:
576:
568:
559:
550:
500:
496:
487:
478:
453:
424:
398:Hill of Tara
391:
364:
331:County Sligo
324:
320:Islandbridge
301:
298:, AD 650–750
272:
263:
259:Northumbrian
255:Pictish-syle
239:
220:
188:
169:
133:
111:
109:
15:
1555:Pictish art
1540:English art
1481:Rachel Moss
1428:Collections
1264:(after 792)
1196:Tara Brooch
1141:Celtic knot
1136:Carpet page
1066:Bell shrine
1052:Insular art
983:Pictish art
973:Insular art
903:Tara Brooch
846:. Dublin:
618:Irish Times
296:Tara Brooch
195:high relief
166:Description
1580:Categories
1565:Viking art
1525:Celtic art
1334:Corp Naomh
1129:Techniques
1096:High cross
690:. London:
416:References
402:Adolf Mahr
361:, New York
308:Kilmainham
286:Provenance
231:zoomorphic
227:interlaced
172:penannular
148:Viking art
140:Kilmainham
80:Kilmainham
1550:Irish art
1500:(d. 1900)
1494:(d. 1866)
1488:(d. 1994)
1402:(c. 1120)
1396:(c. 1100)
1366:(11th c.)
1354:(11th c.)
1330:(10th c.)
1151:Interlace
978:Irish art
876:{{Navbox
371:Sheffield
251:cartouche
235:Irish elk
199:interlace
124:interlace
86:, Ireland
1306:(9th c.)
1300:(9th c.)
1258:(8th c.)
1252:(8th c.)
1246:(8th c.)
1240:(8th c.)
1234:(8th c.)
1228:(8th c.)
1222:(8th c.)
1216:(c. 750)
1210:(c. 730)
1204:(c. 730)
1192:(c. 700)
1186:(c. 700)
1165:Examples
959:(10th c)
850:, 2002.
789:, 1977.
775:25502780
761:26788433
349:Replicas
242:Ecclesia
191:filigree
120:filigree
104:NMI, W45
38:Material
1508:Related
1081:Cumdach
953:(9th c)
923:(8th c)
911:(8th c)
745:Sources
726:Artstor
276:gilding
223:tracery
70:Insular
54:Created
868:
854:
833:
807:
793:
785:. NY:
773:
759:
602:, 1847
410:
406:
316:swords
304:Viking
269:Dating
246:Gothio
176:enamel
144:Dublin
84:Dublin
66:Celtic
1586:Wales
1059:Types
771:JSTOR
757:JSTOR
394:shawl
128:copes
76:Place
1545:Iona
866:ISBN
852:ISBN
831:ISBN
805:ISBN
791:ISBN
379:gilt
294:The
221:The
182:and
180:Tara
122:and
110:The
46:Size
724:".
707:".
669:".
637:".
633:. "
615:".
567:".
432:".
337:on
1582::
825:.
658:^
646:^
538:^
522:^
508:^
462:^
441:^
310:,
186:.
82:,
68:,
1044:e
1037:t
1030:v
720:"
703:"
665:"
469:"
428:"
244:-
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
