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investigate after Napper's mother called police to report that he had confessed to her that he had raped a woman and, inconceivably, they eliminated Napper from inquiries into the Green Chain rapes because he was over 6 feet tall. Without these errors, Robert Napper could have been off the streets before he killed Rachel
Nickell and the Bissets, and before numerous women suffered violent sexual attacks at his hands". Detectives had decided to exclude anyone over 6 feet based on the description of a 5' 7" rapist; however, there were conflicting witness reports of the rapist's height, and Napper walked with a stoop. The IPCC said no police officer would face disciplinary action because they had all retired and one key senior detective had died. Criminal prosecutions were not considered.
408:(IPCC) released a report, dated 3 June 2010, into the actions of the Metropolitan Police Force and their handling of the murder investigation. It described a "catalogue of bad decisions and errors" by the Metropolitan Police which had resulted in Napper being free to kill Nickell. It said that officers missed a series of opportunities to take him off the streets and suggested the lives of Samantha Bisset and her four-year-old daughter, Jazmine, would also have been saved if police had acted on tip-offs, including one by Napper's mother.
377:, she sued the Metropolitan Police for damages arising from the investigation. In 2001, shortly before it was due to be heard, her case was settled out of court and she received £125,000. Her solicitor said: "The willingness of the Metropolitan Police to pay substantial damages must indicate their recognition that she sustained serious psychiatric injury". The payout was widely criticised by various sources, particularly as Nickell's son had been granted £22,000 (less than a fifth of the amount paid to the undercover detective) from the
233:
mumbled, "Please explain, as I live a quiet life. If I have disappointed you, please don't dump me. Nothing like this has happened to me before". When she went on to say, "If only you had done the
Wimbledon Common murder, if only you had killed her, it would be all right", he replied, "I'm terribly sorry, but I haven't". Stagg was nevertheless arrested and charged on the basis of claims that he had described aspects of the murder scene that only the killer would have known.
302:
Nickell with other attacks and consulted forensic scientists about improvements in DNA matching. In July 2003, reports surfaced that, after 18 months of tests on
Nickell's clothes, police had found a male DNA sample which did not match her boyfriend or son. The sample at the time was insufficient to confirm an identity, but was large enough to rule out suspects.
221:) contacted Stagg, posing as a friend of a woman with whom he used to be in contact via a lonely hearts' column. Over five months, she attempted to obtain information from him by feigning a romantic interest, meeting him, speaking to him on the telephone and exchanging letters containing sexual fantasies. During a meeting in
329:
City of
Westminster Magistrates' Court on 4 December 2007, where he was granted bail on condition he remained at Broadmoor psychiatric hospital until another hearing on 20 December 2007. On 24 January 2008, he pleaded not guilty to Nickell's murder and the trial started on 11 November 2008. On 18 December 2008, at the
328:
and had been held at the secure institution for more than ten years. He had been convicted of the murder of
Samantha Bisset and her four-year-old daughter, Jazmine, in November 1993, sixteen months after Nickell's homicide. On 28 November 2007, Napper was charged with Nickell's murder. He appeared at
249:
ruled that the police had shown "excessive zeal" and had tried to incriminate Stagg by "deceptive conduct of the grossest kind". He excluded all the entrapment evidence on the grounds that Stagg's descriptions of the murder were not nearly as close to the reality as the police had maintained. With no
232:
The undercover officer won Stagg's confidence and drew out fantasies from him that psychologist Paul
Britton interpreted as "violent", but he did not admit to the killing. Police released a taped conversation between the police officer and him in which she claimed to enjoy hurting people, to which he
301:
techniques only recently made available. A small team of officers and retired veteran investigators analysed statements from witnesses, reassessed files on a number of potential suspects and examined the possibility that the case was linked to other crimes. Officers compared the injuries suffered by
341:
said that Napper would be detained indefinitely at
Broadmoor because he was "a very dangerous man". It is unlikely he will ever be released. At the same time, Stagg received a public apology from the Metropolitan Police for their previous involvement and prosecution of him in regard to the Nickell
153:
with partner André Hanscombe and their two-year-old son, Alexander Louis. Nickell was 23 years old at the time of her death. On the morning of 15 July 1992, she and
Alexander were walking their dog on Wimbledon Common. Whilst passing through a secluded area of the common, Nickell was attacked. An
395:
about his life with
Nickell, coping with the homicide, and life with their son afterwards. In 1996, he moved with their child to France, driven abroad, according to notes in his book, by media intrusion. He was strongly critical of some of the reporters who tracked him and his son down to his
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in London and no record of the telephone call can be found. She said, "It is clear that throughout the investigations into the 'Green Chain' rapes and Rachel
Nickell's death there was a catalogue of bad decisions and errors made by the Metropolitan Police. The police failed to sufficiently
109:
Nickell was walking with her two-year-old son on Wimbledon Common when she was stabbed 49 times in the neck and torso and died at the scene. A lengthy police investigation to find the perpetrator followed, during which a suspect was wrongfully charged and later acquitted—before the case
267:
Colin Stagg has been through a version of justice, albeit truncated, and he has been found not guilty. But I wonder whether he can actually say hand on heart that he believes people will meet him in the street and believe that. I do not believe the system served anybody that particular
170:
Alex Hanscombe said after his mother had been attacked, he said to her three times "wake up, Mummy" before realising she was "gone" and not playing. He then walked into a clearing on the common, where people saw that he was covered in blood and therefore discovered his mother's body.
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undertook the investigation, under pressure to find the perpetrator by press coverage and public outrage at the circumstances of the murder. Thirty-two men were questioned in connection with the killing; the investigation quickly targeted Colin Stagg, a man from
253:
Keith Pedder, the case's lead detective, received heavy public criticism. Even after Stagg was (rightfully as it later turned out) cleared of the murder of Nickell, Pedder continued over subsequent years to promote his theory that Stagg was guilty. He told an
158:
her. The assailant fled the scene, leaving Alex physically unharmed in the vicinity. A passer-by found him clinging to his mother's blood-soaked body, repeating the words "Wake up, Mummy", with a piece of paper stuck to her forehead as a bandage.
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to assist with designing a covert operation, code-named Operation Edzell, to see whether he would eliminate or implicate himself. This operation was later criticised by the media and the trial judge as effectively a
272:
After Stagg's acquittal, Pedder took early retirement from the police. He later faced corruption charges, but the case was thrown out by the judge in a pre-trial hearing on the grounds of insufficient evidence.
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The undercover officer involved in the attempt to obtain evidence in the original investigation by befriending him took early retirement from the Metropolitan Police force in 1998. With the support of the
369:
confirmed that Stagg would receive compensation for wrongful prosecution, with the amount to be set by an independent assessor. On 13 August 2008, it was announced that the compensation was £706,000.
290:, which was a national cross-force investigation into the unsolved murders of 207 women. Under new management, detectives began to collate evidence and files related to the case from 2000.
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Stagg sued the police for damages totalling £1 million following the fourteen months he spent in custody. He has co-written and published two books about the case:
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on 15 July 1992. The initial police investigation of the crime resulted in the arrest in controversial circumstances of an innocent man, who was acquitted. Her killer,
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Every year on the anniversary of the killing Scotland Yard came under pressure for progress. In the late 1990s, Nickell's murder was re-investigated as part of
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In July 2006, the Scotland Yard team interviewed convicted murderer Robert Napper for two days at Broadmoor. Napper, 40 years old at that time, had been
365:(with journalist Ted Hynds), the latter being published on the same day as the real culprit's appearance in court to enter a plea. In January 2007, the
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229:. Profiler Paul Britton later said that he disagreed with use of the fantasy-filled letters and knew nothing of them until after they had been sent.
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who was known to walk his dog on the Common. As there was no forensic evidence linking him to the scene, the police asked Paul Britton, a
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An internal review estimated that the pursuit had cost the public £3 million and that vital scientific information had been missed.
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225:, they spoke about the Nickell homicide; he later claimed that he had only played along with the topic because he wanted to pursue the
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Ungoed-Thomas, Jon; Hamilton, Sebastian (19 April 1998). "Police link Nickell case to serial killer cluster; Murder".
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Rachel Cerfontyne of the IPCC said that police failed to investigate the 1989 report that he attacked a woman on
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techniques, the case was reopened. On 18 December 2008, Robert Napper pleaded guilty to Nickell's
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A Question of Evidence: The Casebook of Great Forensic Controversies, from Napoleon to O.J.
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A Question of Evidence: The Casebook of Great Forensic Controversies from Napoleon to O.J.
202:
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Laville, Sandra; Siddique, Haroon; Percival, Jenny; Sturcke, James (18 December 2008).
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other evidence to present, the prosecution withdrew its case and Stagg was acquitted.
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520:
Forensic Psychologists Handbook: Psychological Profiling and Criminal Investigation
197:
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94:(23 November 1968 – 15 July 1992) was a British woman who was stabbed to death on
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366:
333:, Napper pleaded guilty to the manslaughter of Rachel Nickell on the grounds of
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assailant killed her by repeatedly stabbing and slashing her with a knife, then
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1446:
Letting Go: A true story of murder, loss and survival by Rachel Nickell's son
1264:"Rachel Nickell case: Missed clues that allowed Robert Napper to kill again"
1156:
1124:
594:"With police and tabloids in cahoots, Colin Stagg became a sacrificial lamb"
287:
134:
1068:
1509:
Murder on the Common: The Secret Story of the Murder That Shocked a Nation
19:"Rachel Nickell" redirects here. For other people with similar names, see
1152:"Human rights lawyer Keir Starmer named as new prosecution service chief"
317:
118:
1238:"Rachel Nickell: The missed opportunities to catch killer Robert Napper"
106:, was identified by a later police investigation and convicted in 2008.
1315:"Detectives to question Nickell killer about series of unsolved crimes"
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miles from the site of Nickell's stabbing. The murder remains unsolved.
1288:
1017:"Police hunting killer of Rachel Nickell question inmate at Broadmoor"
722:
Gillard, Michael Sean; Seed, Geoff; Flynn, Laurie (2 September 1999).
885:"Police ignored clues that could have led to Rachel Nickell's killer"
571:"Police ignored clues that could have led to Rachel Nickell's killer"
196:
of the killer. They decided that he fitted the profile and asked the
99:
449:– another high-profile stabbing of a young woman in London in 1991,
1569:
Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis
990:"Rachel Nickell killing: Serial rapist Robert Napper pleads guilty"
668:"How life changed for the grieving relatives and blundering police"
217:
policewoman from the Metropolitan Police Special Operations Group (
443:– unsolved 1991 murder in London that was once linked to Nickell's
764:"House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 3 Apr 2000 (pt 29)"
218:
298:
1371:
Killer in the Shadows: The Monstrous Crimes of Robert Napper
1099:"Police quiz new suspect in Wimbledon Common murder case"
545:"Police quiz new suspect in Wimbledon Common murder case"
855:"Broadmoor sex killer questioned over Nickell murder"
129:. Napper, who was already detained at high-security
162:In a television interview on 7 September 2021 with
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41:
34:
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617:
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149:At the time of her death, Nickell was living near
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834:Sean O'Neill and Adam Fresco (18 December 2008).
297:used a cold case review team, which used refined
141:, was ordered to be detained there indefinitely.
778:"DNA profiling and the case that started it all"
16:1992 murder on Wimbledon Common, London, England
1289:"'Police errors' led to Rachel Nickell killing"
265:
1630:History of mental health in the United Kingdom
955:. England, London: BBC News. 24 January 2008.
8:
577:. Find Articles at BNET.com. Archived from
650:"the murder of rachel nickell, the mirror"
391:André Hanscombe later wrote a book titled
31:
1388:. Heinemann Educational Publishers 2000,
406:Independent Police Complaints Commission
379:Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority
168:Death on the Common: My Mother's Murder,
1635:History of the London Borough of Merton
1341:"Napper questioned on unsolved murders"
1184:"Stagg storms out of 'Cracker' hearing"
473:
396:"sanctuary" in the French countryside.
1650:July 1992 events in the United Kingdom
1069:"Rachel Nickell detective quits at 33"
784:. London. 21 June 2006. Archived from
724:"I was set up, says Nickell detective"
638:from the original on 13 December 2021.
629:"Real Crime: The Rachel Nickell Story"
484:. London: General Record Office. 1989.
293:In 2002, ten years after the killing,
1236:Edwards, Richard (18 December 2008).
1125:"£125,000 for Rachel Nickell officer"
430:– 2021 British television mini-series
7:
1262:Laville, Sandra (18 December 2008).
1640:Incidents of violence against women
953:"Man denies Rachel Nickell murder"
836:"Inside the mind of Robert Napper"
14:
1660:Violence against women in England
1610:1992 crimes in the United Kingdom
1097:Campbell, Duncan (22 June 2006).
1047:"Colin Stagg To Get Compensation"
967:"Man admits 1992 Nickell killing"
927:"Nickell murder accused in court"
909:"Man charged with Nickell murder"
853:Tendler, Stewart (21 June 2006).
543:Campbell, Duncan (22 June 2006).
1369:Laurence J. Alison, Marie Eyre:
1053:. 13 August 2008. Archived from
1015:Bennetto, Jason (22 June 2006).
703:. (End credits): Channel 4. 2021
404:Following an investigation, the
1481:, House of Solomon Ltd, 2001,
1211:"The Daily Telegraph homepage"
1150:Gibb, Frances (26 July 2008).
809:"The Daily Telegraph homepage"
277:Reinvestigation and conviction
1:
1463:. Century 1996 / Arrow 1997,
766:. publications.parliament.uk.
386:British Psychological Society
166:, discussing the documentary
1620:Deaths by stabbing in London
1537:Colin Stagg, David Kessler:
1522:Colin Stagg, David Kessler:
1431:The Murder of Rachel Nickell
592:Cohen, Nick (25 June 2006).
447:Murder of Alison Shaughnessy
117:In 2002, with more advanced
1556:. Pennant Publishing 2007,
1539:The Lizzie James Conspiracy
1526:Greenzone Publishing 1999,
1681:
1625:Deaths by person in London
309:
241:When the case reached the
18:
1541:. House of Solomon 2001,
1524:Who Really Killed Rachel?
1461:The Last Thursday in July
890:The Independent on Sunday
575:The Independent on Sunday
393:The Last Thursday in July
355:Who Really Killed Rachel?
335:diminished responsibility
127:diminished responsibility
1552:Colin Stagg, Ted Hynds:
1213:. London. Archived from
1160:. London. Archived from
1023:. London. Archived from
861:. London. Archived from
811:. London. Archived from
1605:1990s murders in London
1590:The Rachel Nickell Case
1448:. Harper Element 2017,
969:. BBC. 18 December 2008
697:(Television production)
1655:Manslaughter in London
1373:. Pennant Books 2009,
361:) and, more recently,
342:murder investigation.
270:
1571:Academic Press 2002,
654:crime + investigation
263:documentary in 2001:
190:criminal psychologist
1403:. Corgi Books 1998,
1386:Psychology and Crime
1057:on 20 November 2009.
694:"Deceit - episode 4"
441:Murder of Penny Bell
1554:Pariah: Colin Stagg
1511:. John Blake 2003,
1496:, John Blake 2002,
1433:. John Blake 2000,
915:. 28 November 2007.
897:on 23 January 2007.
581:on 23 January 2007.
320:as having paranoid
245:in September 1994,
181:Metropolitan Police
92:Rachel Jane Nickell
80:Cause of death
46:Rachel Jane Nickell
1347:. 20 December 2008
1321:. 20 December 2008
1217:on 8 November 2012
1027:on 2 December 2007
815:on 8 November 2012
674:. 19 December 2008
549:Guardian Unlimited
518:Laurence Allison:
420:In popular culture
156:sexually assaulted
137:for a 1993 double
131:Broadmoor Hospital
125:on the grounds of
1665:Wimbledon, London
1577:978-0-12-705041-6
1567:Brent E. Turvey:
1562:978-1-906015-10-7
1547:978-1-904037-00-2
1532:978-0-9582027-2-5
1517:978-1-84454-057-0
1502:978-1-904034-30-8
1487:978-1-904037-03-3
1469:978-0-09-917512-4
1459:André Hanscombe:
1444:Alex Handscombe:
1439:978-1-85782-338-7
1424:978-0-471-44014-7
1409:978-0-552-14493-3
1394:978-0-435-80653-8
1379:978-1-906015-49-7
1190:. 29 October 2002
933:. 4 December 2007
375:Police Federation
339:Griffith Williams
326:Asperger syndrome
247:Mr Justice Ognall
89:
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74:, London, England
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1645:July 1992 crimes
1494:The Rachel Files
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288:Operation Enigma
282:Cold case review
209:Operation Edzell
194:offender profile
179:Officers of the
151:Wimbledon Common
96:Wimbledon Common
72:Wimbledon Common
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56:23 November 1968
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357:(with novelist
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1615:1992 in London
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1584:External links
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1507:Keith Pedder:
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1492:Keith Pedder:
1490:
1479:Rachel Nickell
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1454:978-0008144296
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1429:Mike Fielder:
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1401:The Jigsaw Man
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819:25 November
367:Home Office
84:Stab wounds
1599:Categories
625:Real Crime
468:References
331:Old Bailey
260:Real Crime
243:Old Bailey
215:undercover
186:Roehampton
52:1968-11-23
1299:6 October
1157:The Times
1000:6 October
859:The Times
842:. London.
840:The Times
782:The Times
707:21 August
678:21 August
346:Aftermath
318:diagnosed
223:Hyde Park
203:honeytrap
135:Berkshire
112:went cold
1293:BBC News
1273:28 March
1247:28 March
1188:BBC News
1168:4 August
1129:BBC News
1105:. London
1073:BBC News
1051:Sky News
996:. London
931:BBC News
913:BBC News
636:Archived
600:. London
551:. London
435:See also
119:forensic
1351:14 June
1325:14 June
634:. ITV.
522:(2013)
498:(2003)
458:⁄
227:romance
145:Killing
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363:Pariah
139:murder
100:London
701:All 4
532:p.198
508:p.210
237:Trial
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1301:2012
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324:and
268:day.
219:SO10
61:Died
42:Born
23:and
299:DNA
256:ITV
213:An
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