563:
123:
90:
249:
156:
1854:
1747:
229:
678:
750:, regrouped to continue their insurgency against the TFG and oppose the Ethiopian military's presence in Somalia. Throughout 2007 and 2008, Al‑Shabaab scored military victories, seizing control of key towns and ports in both central and southern Somalia. By January 2009, Al‑Shabaab and other militias had managed to force the Ethiopian troops to retreat, leaving behind an under-equipped
1805:(approximately $ 4.50), up from 52,000 shillings (approximately $ 2.21) in January 2008, while a kilogram of red rice rose from 14,170 (approximately $ 0.61) to 46,000 (approximately $ 1.31). A liter of diesel cost 43,000 shillings (approximately $ 1.23) and a camel costs over 15 million shillings (approximately $ 435). Total cereal production as of 2008 was estimated to be 780MT.
1819:
899:
916:
891:
876:
163:
130:
97:
73:
1908:
In
January 2015, the Interim Juba Administration launched a transport beautification and cleaning campaign in Kismayo. Part of a broader urbanization drive, the initiative includes the clearing of clogged streets and lanes, razing of illegal buildings therein, and further development of the municipal
1952:
in August 2013. According to the agreement, management of the facility was scheduled to be transferred to the Somali
Federal Government after a period of six months. Like Kismayo Airport, revenues and resources generated by the seaport are to be earmarked for Jubaland's service delivery and security
1838:
training base. Following the outbreak of the civil war, the airport was closed down for a period of time and its infrastructure was significantly damaged. However, the facility was reopened in
October 2008 by the Islamic Courts Union after undergoing some renovations. That same year, the airport was
1706:
A new municipal district administration was established on 6 September 2008. Its members reportedly represented the ICU and Al‑Shabaab (three members each) in addition to a local clan (one member) which had played a part in the military assault. Representatives of the
Islamic Courts Union questioned
1742:
Under the terms of the agreement, Jubaland is administered for a two-year period by a Juba
Interim Administration and led by the region's incumbent president, Ahmed Mohamed Islam. The regional president serves as the chairperson of a new Executive Council, to which he appoints three deputies.
1726:
With the subsequent ouster of the Al-Shabaab rebels in
September 2012, the Somali government began preparing mediations between the city's various stakeholders in order to establish an inclusive local administration. On 28 August 2013, the autonomous Jubaland administration signed a national
2350:
805:(1.3 nm), to the northwest Qeyla Dheere (6.4 nm), to the west Saamogia (0.9 nm), to the southwest Iach Bulle (10.0 nm), and to the south Qandal (6.5 nm). The largest cities in the country most proximate to Kismayo are
627:
on 30 June 1926. The colony had a total area of 87,000 km (33,000 sq mi), with a population of 120,000 inhabitants. Britain retained control of the southern half of the partitioned
Jubaland territory, which was later called the
2618:
1743:
Additionally, the agreement includes the integration of
Jubaland's military forces under the central command of the Somali National Army (SNA), and stipulates that the Juba Interim Administration will command the regional police.
2184:
2347:
2038:
1850:
after a period of six months. Revenues and resources generated from the airport will also be earmarked for
Jubaland's service delivery and security sectors as well as local institutional development.
2570:
2626:
1945:. In 1984, Somalia and the United States jointly refurbished the port after significant wear to the 2,070-foot-long (630 m) four-berth, marginal wharf made major renovations necessary.
2533:
2192:
1846:
The
Kismayo Airport was officially brought under the Juba Interim Administration in August 2013. Per agreement, management of the facility was scheduled to be transferred to the
958:), despite receiving around 375 millimetres or 15 inches of rainfall per year, due to the extremely high potential evapotranspiration. Weather is hot year-round, with seasonal
2504:
841:
674:. By December 1993, General Morgan's troops controlled Kismayo, despite the presence of peacekeepers. The last UN troops left the city in December 1994.
2836:
966:
rains, also known as the Southwest Monsoons, begin in April and last until July producing significant fresh water and allowing lush vegetation to grow. The
2567:
2367:
712:
organization, fought with Jubaland's inhabitants of the state the Darod Marehan (JVA). And invaded other parts of southern Somalia and promptly imposed
2030:
2131:
122:
2831:
2530:
191:
562:
2728:
2392:
2098:
2043:
557:
405:
746:
Following this defeat, the Islamic Courts Union splintered into several different factions. Some of the more radical elements, including
273:
261:
834:
801:
in southeastern Somalia, on the Somali Sea coast. Nearby settlements include to the northeast Xamareyso (5.0 nm), to the north
89:
952:
717:
685:
General Morgan briefly declared Jubaland independent on September 3, 1998. Political opponents of his subsequently united as the
155:
2784:
2767:
2315:
2088:
1966:
1866:
Three main thoroughfares connect Kismayo to other major areas in the country. The 600 km Highway 3 runs the length of the
1731:
with the federal government. Endorsed by the federal State Minister for the Presidency Farah Abdulkadir on behalf of President
698:
2676:
629:
2695:
2648:
469:
gained control of most of the city. To reclaim possession of the territory, a new autonomous regional administration dubbed
2794:
2508:
1942:
1847:
827:
241:
2255:
2780:
781:
482:
466:
2240:
1708:
761:, Ras Kamboni militiamen and Kenyan Defense Forces (KDF), all under command of the African Union Mission in Somalia
2846:
1974:, military and political leader; ambassador to the Soviet Union and West Germany; Speaker of Parliament (1983–1990)
1971:
2841:
2591:
690:
659:
570:, an influential Somali empire that held sway over Kismayo and the larger Jubaland region during the Middle Ages.
697:
in 2001. On June 18 of that year, an 11-member interclan council decided to ally the JVA with the newly forming
1793:(KU). Established in August 2005, it is situated about 1 km north, along the Kismayo–Mogadishu main road.
766:
724:
peacekeepers and air support by the United States, managed to drive out the rival ICU and solidify its rule.
2047:
589:
1687:
2312:
2135:
1902:
1732:
728:
716:. The Transitional Federal Government sought to re‑establish its authority, and, with the assistance of
655:
600:
596:
2327:
2271:
2152:
1981:
1977:
770:
747:
705:
694:
686:
667:
2725:
2371:
1707:
the legitimacy of the authority. On 1 October 2009, Al Shabaab took full control of the city, after
1716:
1712:
777:
758:
651:
474:
435:
1694:
Source 2: Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (percent sunshine)
1790:
624:
443:
2785:
The Geology of Somalia: a Selected Bibliography of Somalian Geology, Geography and Earth Science
2691:
Food Security Analysis Unit – Somalia, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,
2672:
Food Security Analysis Unit – Somalia, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,
2301:
2746:"The police commission of Kismayo plans to bulldoze the illegal buildings along the main roads"
2274:
Country Information and Policy Unit, Immigration & Nationality Directorate, Home Office, UK
802:
72:
2094:
1640:
1593:
1546:
1498:
511:
2313:
Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia, 11 Oct 2001, Document S/2001/963
2826:
1835:
948:
780:
killed at least 26, including two prominent journalists and nine foreigners. Islamist group
647:
641:
582:
567:
553:
549:
458:
451:
439:
366:
331:
278:
2475:
2811:
2732:
2699:
2680:
2574:
2537:
2354:
2259:
1999:
1986:
1930:
1853:
1831:
1823:
1802:
623:. Kismayo and the northern half of the Jubaland region were incorporated into neighboring
352:
344:
2075:
The shaping of Somali society: reconstructing the history of a pastoral people, 1600–1900
650:
in 1991, various local militias fought for control of the city, including supporters of
442:
and by the later 1800s, the Boqow dynasty. The kingdom was eventually incorporated into
2431:
1962:
1922:
1746:
2806:
2284:
1897:
before turning towards the capital. A third highway extends northwest from Kismayo to
2820:
751:
721:
663:
592:
held sway over the area. The dynasty reached its apex under the successive reigns of
503:
412:
2453:
670:
amphibious group arrived in the city in an attempt to keep the peace as part of the
658:(SNF), later on known as the Juba Valley Alliance (JVA). As well of Col. Omar Jess'
485:
insurgents. The Juba Interim Administration was established and recognized in 2013.
2673:
2406:
1720:
905:
531:
401:
599:, who successfully consolidated Gobroon power during the Bardera wars, and Sultan
2712:
2652:
2554:
2224:
2115:
2213:
Journal of African History pg.50 by John Donnelly Fage and Roland Anthony Oliver
1938:
1934:
1867:
1840:
1728:
798:
689:(ASF), seizing control of Kismayo by June of the following year. Led by Colonel
677:
588:
After the collapse of this polity, the House of Gobroon was established and the
578:
447:
397:
17:
2185:"Somalia: Jubaland gains recognition after intense bilateral talks in Ethiopia"
2252:
2017:
1875:
1871:
1818:
740:
713:
378:
312:
266:
2692:
819:
206:
193:
1918:
1890:
736:
731:
raged just south of Kismayo, the TFG relocated from its interim location in
671:
507:
393:
374:
322:
754:
peacekeeping force to assist the Transitional Federal Government's troops.
743:
regime in 1991 that the federal government controlled most of the country.
450:. After independence in 1960, the city was made the center of the official
1933:
was built in 1964 with U.S. assistance. The port served as a base for the
2555:
Islamic Courts Reject Administration Formed By Al-Shaabab in Kismayu city
1949:
1926:
1736:
709:
527:
523:
462:
420:
411:
During the Middle Ages, Kismayo and its surrounding area was part of the
386:
254:
1898:
1879:
959:
806:
608:
519:
416:
382:
234:
2745:
1834:, which is situated about 10 km from the city. It was formerly a
534:. Somali sailors used the ancient Somali maritime vessel known as the
762:
732:
593:
515:
478:
473:
was announced in 2010 and formalized in 2011. In September 2012, the
428:
327:
2393:"Jubaland in Jeopardy: The Uneasy Path to State-Building in Somalia"
2483:
Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
2368:"USCIRF Annual Report 2009 – The Commission's Watch List: Somalia"
2241:
World News Briefs; Last U.N. Peacekeepers Prepare to Leave Somalia
2039:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
1894:
1883:
1852:
1817:
1745:
814:
810:
676:
646:
Following the breakdown of central authority that accompanied the
561:
536:
499:
424:
2031:"Regions, districts, and their populations: Somalia 2005 (draft)"
765:, re-captured the city from the Al-Shabaab insurgents during the
408:, the city of Kismayo had a population of around 89,333 in 2005.
604:
2407:"Kismayo attack: At least 26 dead as gunmen storm Somali hotel"
1801:
In October 2008, the daily labor rate was estimated at 157,500
823:
666:
was assassinated in the city in January 1993. In March 1993, a
2619:"Somalia gives recognition to Jubaland interim administration"
392:
The city is situated 528 kilometres (328 miles) southwest of
2366:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2009-05-01).
574:
The Kismayo area was originally a small fishing settlement.
2768:
U.S. Will Spend $ 38.6 Million To Refurbish Port in Somalia
2348:
Somalia President, Parliament Speaker dispute over TFG term
2713:
Somalia: Flights Carrying Khat Banned From Kismayu Airport
2132:"From the Bottom Up:—Conflict Dynamics International, Inc"
962:
winds and irregular rainfall with recurring droughts. The
773:
attack into Somalia which had begun late the year before.
1711:
self proclaim President of the (JVA) Jubaland state. And
502:
that in engaged in a lucrative trade network connecting
654:("General Morgan"), and Col. Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale
585:, which utilized the Jubba River for its plantations.
2505:"Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia"
1965:, footballer born in Kismayo, currently representing
1948:
The Port of Kismayo was officially brought under the
2531:'Somalia's Islamists appoint Kismayo administration'
2117:
The Benaadir Past: Essays in Southern Somali History
1953:
sectors as well as local institutional development.
1789:
Institutions of higher learning in the city include
776:
On 12 July 2019, a car bomb and a gun attack at the
581:, the region came under the rule of the influential
457:
Kismayo was the site of numerous battles during the
360:
49:
2507:. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from
2153:"Somali, AMISOM forces on the outskirts of Kismayo"
2120:. University Microfilms International. p. 149.
1735:, the pact was brokered by the Foreign Ministry of
739:. This marked the first time since the fall of the
321:
310:
302:
297:
289:
284:
272:
260:
240:
222:
35:
2568:'Al Shabaab seize control of Kismayo after battle'
2300:– also shows Italian colonial flag & links to
2077:, (University of Pennsylvania Press: 1982), p.102.
1830:Kismayo's air transportation needs are served by
681:The Kismayo panorama just prior to the civil war.
385:. It is the commercial capital of the autonomous
2779:R. Lee Hadden, Topographic Engineering Center,
2476:"Klimatafel von Chisimaio (Kismayu) / Somalia"
1889:A paved 528 km freeway links the capital
446:in 1925/6 after the death of the last sultan,
2592:"African troops enter Somali port of Kismayo"
2544:, 6 September. Retrieved on 7 September 2008.
1921:on the Somali Sea coast. Formerly one of the
835:
8:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2069:
2067:
1989:, politician, banker and community organizer
693:, the ASF administration renamed itself the
42:
2093:. Cambridge University Press. p. 137.
1739:and came after protracted bilateral talks.
2395:. International Crises Group. 21 May 2013.
2020:Population of Kismayo, city and urban area
1925:, the peninsula was connected by a narrow
977:
842:
828:
820:
498:During antiquity. Kismayo was part of the
32:
2581:, 1 October. Retrieved on 4 October 2009.
1843:, a 16th‑century Somali military leader.
603:, who forced regional powers such as the
2726:Somalia Islamists rename Kismayo airport
2147:
2145:
1917:Kismayo's large docks are situated on a
1905:in the eastern part of the Gedo region.
1759:Kismayo is divided into 4 districts, or
2010:
769:. This was a culmination to the Kenyan
544:Middle Ages and the early modern period
320:
296:
283:
221:
186:
81:
69:
672:United Nations intervention in Somalia
461:, from the early 1990s. In late 2006,
431:in the west, to Kismayo in the south.
619:The Italians referred to the city as
481:troops re-captured the city from the
309:
301:
288:
271:
259:
239:
7:
2087:Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland (1975).
2044:United Nations Development Programme
1723:), challenged Al‑Shabaab's control.
857:
558:Somali aristocratic and court titles
406:United Nations Development Programme
2837:Populated coastal places in Somalia
2485:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst
356:
43:
2807:WorldStaesmen – Somalia – Jubaland
2272:Somalia Assessment, September 1999
797:Kismayo is located in the fertile
400:, where the waters empty into the
293:22.5 km (8.7 sq mi)
142:Location within the Horn of Africa
25:
2226:Somalia, proposals for the future
1886:before finally reaching Kismayo.
423:, with its domain extending from
2191:. 28 August 2013. Archived from
2114:Cassanelli, Lee Vincent (1973).
914:
897:
889:
874:
247:
227:
161:
154:
128:
121:
95:
88:
71:
2328:"Ethiopian Invasion of Somalia"
2316:United Nations Security Council
2223:Osman, Mohamed Amin AH (1993).
2090:The Cambridge History of Africa
1967:Tanzania national football team
1750:Kismayo / Dalxiiska area (2016)
699:Transitional Federal Government
415:that governed much of southern
162:
129:
96:
2832:Populated places in Lower Juba
2454:"Kismayo (Chisimayu, Kismayu)"
2330:. Globalpolicy.org. 2007-08-14
1893:with Kismayo, passing through
1764:
1709:Col. Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale
1:
1857:Kismayo International Airport
1380:Average rainfall mm (inches)
953:Köppen climate classification
915:
875:
2781:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
2253:Footnotes to History: G to J
1727:reconciliation agreement in
898:
890:
381:(Jubbada Hoose) province of
2748:. Goobjoog. 16 January 2015
2370:. Unhcr.org. Archived from
1950:Juba Interim Administration
1240:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1100:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
727:On January 8, 2007, as the
438:, Kismayo was ruled by the
361:
2863:
1972:Mohamed Ibrahim Liqliiqato
1693:
1685:
980:
970:season is followed by the
850:Places adjacent to Kismayo
639:
630:Northern Frontier District
547:
540:to transport their cargo.
465:militants affiliated with
145:Show map of Horn of Africa
2693:Southern Regions Analysis
1638:
1591:
1544:
1496:
1449:
1379:
1309:
1239:
1169:
1099:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
981:Climate data for Kismayo
855:
735:to the nation's capital,
691:Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale
660:Somali Patriotic Movement
187:
82:
70:
63:
30:City in Jubaland, Somalia
1839:also renamed after Imam
1715:, a senior commander of
784:claimed responsibility.
767:Battle of Kismayo (2012)
396:, near the mouth of the
2674:2008 Commodities Prices
590:Sultanate of the Geledi
109:Location within Somalia
50:
1858:
1827:
1751:
1688:Deutscher Wetterdienst
682:
571:
370:
348:
175:Location within Africa
2229:. SPM. pp. 1–10.
1856:
1821:
1749:
1733:Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
729:Battle of Ras Kamboni
680:
656:Somali National Front
597:Yusuf Mahamud Ibrahim
565:
2770:, September 20, 1984
2702:, September 12, 2008
2649:"Kismayo University"
2629:on 11 September 2013
2529:Garowe Online 2008,
2262:Footnotes to History
1982:Somali National Army
1978:Abdullahi Ahmed Irro
1901:, then turns toward
1030:Record high °C (°F)
974:(hagaa) dry season.
771:Operation Linda Nchi
706:Islamic Courts Union
695:Juba Valley Alliance
687:Allied Somali Forces
668:United States Marine
475:Somali National Army
207:0.35806°S 42.54528°E
27:Port city in Somalia
2812:1992 Map of Kismayu
2711:Abdulkadir Khalif,
2432:"Kismaayo, Somalia"
2243:, December 12, 1994
2073:Lee V. Cassanelli,
1717:Ras Kamboni Brigade
1713:Sheikh Ahmed Madobe
1450:Average rainy days
1310:Record low °C (°F)
1170:Daily mean °C (°F)
757:In September 2012,
652:Mohammed Said Hersi
436:early modern period
404:. According to the
203: /
112:Show map of Somalia
77:Overview of Kismayo
2731:2008-10-11 at the
2698:2010-04-15 at the
2679:2009-03-27 at the
2573:2009-10-08 at the
2536:2008-09-16 at the
2456:. Weather-Forecast
2353:2011-05-14 at the
2258:2016-03-03 at the
2195:on 12 October 2013
1943:1969 military coup
1874:, it goes through
1859:
1848:Federal Government
1828:
1791:Kismayo University
1752:
813:(97 km), and
683:
662:(SPM). Aid worker
625:Italian Somaliland
572:
500:Somali city-states
444:Italian Somaliland
212:-0.35806; 42.54528
178:Show map of Africa
2847:Cities in Somalia
2617:Wendoson, Abera.
2511:on 5 October 2016
2100:978-0-521-20981-6
1980:, general in the
1957:Notable residents
1698:
1697:
1641:possible sunshine
1499:relative humidity
939:
938:
934:
933:
427:in the north, to
338:
337:
303: • City
290: • City
16:(Redirected from
2854:
2842:Ajuran Sultanate
2795:Kismayo, Somalia
2788:
2777:
2771:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2742:
2736:
2735:, 6 October 2008
2722:
2716:
2715:, 6 October 2008
2709:
2703:
2689:
2683:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2651:. Archived from
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2625:. Archived from
2623:Ethiopian Herald
2614:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2598:. 2 October 2012
2588:
2582:
2564:
2558:
2551:
2545:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2480:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2363:
2357:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2324:
2318:
2310:
2304:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2250:
2244:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2181:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2157:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2134:. Archived from
2128:
2122:
2121:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2084:
2078:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2052:
2046:. Archived from
2035:
2027:
2021:
2015:
1929:when the modern
1836:Somali Air Force
1803:Somali shillings
1719:(then a part of
1453:
978:
949:hot arid climate
918:
917:
901:
900:
893:
892:
878:
877:
858:
844:
837:
830:
821:
718:Ethiopian troops
642:Somali Civil War
636:Somali Civil War
583:Ajuran Sultanate
568:Ajuran Sultanate
554:Geledi Sultanate
550:Ajuran Sultanate
452:Kismayo District
440:Geledi Sultanate
377:in the southern
364:
358:
253:
251:
250:
233:
231:
230:
218:
217:
215:
214:
213:
208:
204:
201:
200:
199:
196:
179:
165:
164:
158:
146:
132:
131:
125:
113:
99:
98:
92:
75:
53:
46:
45:
33:
21:
18:Kismayu, Somalia
2862:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2817:
2816:
2803:
2791:
2787:, February 2007
2778:
2774:
2765:
2761:
2751:
2749:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2733:Wayback Machine
2723:
2719:
2710:
2706:
2700:Wayback Machine
2690:
2686:
2681:Wayback Machine
2671:
2667:
2658:
2656:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2632:
2630:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2601:
2599:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2575:Wayback Machine
2566:Garowe Online,
2565:
2561:
2552:
2548:
2538:Wayback Machine
2528:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2416:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2355:Wayback Machine
2346:
2342:
2333:
2331:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2307:
2293:
2291:
2289:World Statesmen
2283:
2282:
2278:
2270:
2266:
2260:Wayback Machine
2251:
2247:
2238:
2234:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2183:
2182:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2143:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2101:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2072:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2000:Fall of Kismayo
1996:
1987:Hussein Samatar
1959:
1937:as well as the
1931:Port of Kismayo
1915:
1864:
1832:Kismayo Airport
1824:Kismayo Airport
1816:
1811:
1799:
1787:
1757:
1704:
1699:
1451:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
945:
940:
935:
902:
851:
848:
817:(337 km).
795:
790:
644:
638:
617:
560:
548:Main articles:
546:
520:Parthian Persia
506:merchants with
496:
491:
248:
246:
228:
226:
211:
209:
205:
202:
197:
194:
192:
190:
189:
183:
182:
181:
180:
177:
176:
173:
172:
171:
170:
166:
149:
148:
147:
144:
143:
140:
139:
138:
137:
133:
116:
115:
114:
111:
110:
107:
106:
105:
104:
100:
78:
66:
59:
56:
55:
47:
41:
38:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2860:
2858:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2802:
2801:External links
2799:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2789:
2772:
2759:
2737:
2717:
2704:
2684:
2665:
2640:
2609:
2583:
2559:
2557:, Sep. 8, 2008
2546:
2522:
2496:
2467:
2445:
2434:. Falling Rain
2423:
2413:, 13 July 2019
2398:
2384:
2358:
2340:
2319:
2305:
2276:
2264:
2245:
2232:
2215:
2206:
2169:
2141:
2138:on 2019-07-14.
2123:
2106:
2099:
2079:
2063:
2022:
2018:PopulationStat
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1984:
1975:
1969:
1963:Mohammed Sagaf
1958:
1955:
1923:Bajuni Islands
1914:
1911:
1909:road network.
1870:. Starting in
1863:
1860:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1809:Transportation
1807:
1798:
1795:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1756:
1753:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
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1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1594:sunshine hours
1589:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:sunshine hours
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
983:
982:
976:
947:Kismayo has a
944:
941:
937:
936:
932:
931:
929:
926:
922:
921:
919:
912:
909:
908:
903:
888:
886:
882:
881:
879:
872:
869:
868:
865:
862:
856:
853:
852:
849:
847:
846:
839:
832:
824:
809:(52 km),
794:
791:
789:
786:
640:Main article:
637:
634:
616:
613:
545:
542:
512:Ptolemic Egypt
495:
492:
490:
487:
336:
335:
325:
319:
318:
315:
308:
307:
304:
300:
299:
295:
294:
291:
287:
286:
282:
281:
276:
270:
269:
264:
258:
257:
244:
242:Regional State
238:
237:
224:
220:
219:
185:
184:
174:
168:
167:
160:
159:
153:
152:
151:
150:
141:
135:
134:
127:
126:
120:
119:
118:
117:
108:
102:
101:
94:
93:
87:
86:
85:
84:
83:
80:
79:
76:
68:
67:
64:
61:
60:
57:
39:
36:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2859:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2669:
2666:
2655:on 2008-08-20
2654:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2610:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2579:Garowe Online
2576:
2572:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2543:
2542:Garowe Online
2539:
2535:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2484:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2374:on 2011-05-10
2373:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2341:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2228:
2227:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2194:
2190:
2189:Garowe Online
2186:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2110:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2053:on 2017-07-28
2049:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1855:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1825:
1820:
1813:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1784:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1692:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:Mean monthly
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1448:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1028:
984:
979:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
954:
950:
942:
930:
927:
924:
923:
920:
913:
911:
910:
907:
904:
896:
887:
884:
883:
880:
873:
871:
870:
866:
863:
860:
859:
854:
845:
840:
838:
833:
831:
826:
825:
822:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
792:
787:
785:
783:
779:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
752:African Union
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
722:African Union
719:
715:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
692:
688:
679:
675:
673:
669:
665:
664:Sean Devereux
661:
657:
653:
649:
643:
635:
633:
631:
626:
622:
614:
612:
610:
606:
602:
598:
595:
591:
586:
584:
580:
575:
569:
564:
559:
555:
551:
543:
541:
539:
538:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
493:
488:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:Ajuran Empire
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
354:
350:
346:
342:
333:
329:
326:
324:
316:
314:
311: •
305:
292:
280:
277:
275:
268:
265:
263:
256:
245:
243:
236:
225:
216:
188:Coordinates:
157:
124:
91:
74:
62:
54:
52:
34:
19:
2775:
2762:
2750:. Retrieved
2740:
2720:
2707:
2687:
2668:
2657:. Retrieved
2653:the original
2643:
2633:11 September
2631:. Retrieved
2627:the original
2622:
2612:
2600:. Retrieved
2595:
2586:
2578:
2562:
2553:All Africa,
2549:
2541:
2525:
2513:. Retrieved
2509:the original
2499:
2487:. Retrieved
2482:
2470:
2458:. Retrieved
2448:
2436:. Retrieved
2426:
2415:, retrieved
2410:
2401:
2387:
2376:. Retrieved
2372:the original
2361:
2343:
2332:. Retrieved
2322:
2308:
2292:. Retrieved
2288:
2279:
2267:
2248:
2239:N.Y. Times,
2235:
2225:
2218:
2209:
2199:11 September
2197:. Retrieved
2193:the original
2188:
2160:. Retrieved
2136:the original
2126:
2116:
2109:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2055:. Retrieved
2048:the original
2037:
2025:
2013:
1947:
1916:
1907:
1888:
1865:
1845:
1829:
1800:
1788:
1760:
1758:
1741:
1725:
1721:Hizbul Islam
1705:
971:
967:
963:
955:
946:
906:Indian Ocean
894:
861:Qeyla Dheere
796:
778:Asasey hotel
775:
756:
745:
726:
704:In 2006 the
703:
684:
645:
620:
618:
615:Colonial Era
605:Omani Empire
587:
576:
573:
566:Flag of the
535:
532:Roman Empire
497:
470:
456:
433:
419:and eastern
410:
402:Indian Ocean
391:
340:
339:
48:
1939:Soviet Navy
1935:Somali Navy
1868:Juba Valley
1841:Ahmed Gurey
1729:Addis Ababa
1592:Mean daily
799:Juba Valley
759:Somali Army
714:Shari'a law
601:Ahmed Yusuf
579:Middle Ages
577:During the
448:Osman Ahmed
398:Jubba River
210: /
198:042°32′43″E
2821:Categories
2752:18 January
2659:2011-09-11
2515:4 November
2489:24 October
2378:2010-06-27
2334:2010-06-27
2057:2020-12-31
2006:References
1941:after the
1876:Garbaharey
1872:Beled Hawo
1777:Shaqaalaha
1702:Government
1686:Source 1:
1452:(≥ 0.1 mm)
925:Iach Bulle
748:Al-Shabaab
741:Siad Barre
708:(ICU), an
607:to submit
483:Al-Shabaab
467:Al-Shabaab
379:Lower Juba
298:Population
267:Lower Juba
195:00°21′29″S
2602:2 October
2285:"Somalia"
1919:peninsula
1891:Mogadishu
1785:Education
1755:Districts
867:Xamareyso
864:Dalxiiska
803:Dalxiiska
788:Geography
782:al-Shabab
737:Mogadishu
648:civil war
621:Chisimaio
508:Phoenicia
494:Antiquity
459:civil war
394:Mogadishu
375:port city
371:Chisimaio
323:Time zone
317:1,458,000
306:1,234,852
58:Chisimaio
40:Kismaayo
2729:Archived
2696:Archived
2677:Archived
2571:Archived
2534:Archived
2411:BBC News
2351:Archived
2294:March 9,
2256:Archived
2158:. AMISOM
1994:See also
1927:causeway
1771:Calanley
1737:Ethiopia
1639:Percent
1587:2,742.2
1497:Average
1095:(100.0)
1050:(100.0)
885:Saamogia
793:Location
710:Islamist
530:and the
528:Nabataea
463:Islamist
421:Ethiopia
389:region.
387:Jubaland
349:Kismaayo
274:District
255:Jubaland
51:Kisimayo
2827:Kismayo
2417:13 July
2162:30 July
1913:Seaport
1903:Dhobley
1899:Afmadow
1880:Bardera
1814:Airport
1797:Economy
1780:Fanoole
1774:Farjano
1445:(14.7)
1375:(66.2)
1370:(71.6)
1365:(72.5)
1360:(72.3)
1355:(71.6)
1350:(69.8)
1345:(66.2)
1340:(69.8)
1335:(68.0)
1330:(70.3)
1325:(73.4)
1320:(71.6)
1315:(69.8)
1305:(75.6)
1300:(75.9)
1295:(76.1)
1290:(75.2)
1285:(73.9)
1280:(73.9)
1275:(73.6)
1270:(74.3)
1265:(76.6)
1260:(78.4)
1255:(77.7)
1250:(76.1)
1245:(75.6)
1235:(80.6)
1230:(81.5)
1225:(81.5)
1220:(80.2)
1215:(78.8)
1210:(78.3)
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1155:(86.9)
1150:(85.1)
1145:(83.5)
1140:(82.9)
1135:(82.4)
1130:(83.5)
1125:(86.7)
1120:(89.2)
1115:(87.8)
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1105:(85.3)
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1080:(88.7)
1075:(86.5)
1070:(90.3)
1065:(90.1)
1060:(93.2)
1055:(93.2)
1045:(93.2)
1040:(91.6)
1035:(89.2)
960:monsoon
943:Climate
895:Kismayo
807:Jamaame
632:(NFD).
609:tribute
489:History
434:In the
417:Somalia
383:Somalia
373:) is a
367:Italian
362:Kīsmāyū
357:كيسمايو
341:Kismayo
279:Kismayo
235:Somalia
223:Country
169:Kismayo
136:Kismayo
103:Kismayo
44:كيسمايو
37:Kismayo
2460:7 June
2438:7 June
2097:
1584:217.0
1581:225.0
1578:248.0
1575:225.0
1572:251.1
1569:192.2
1566:207.0
1563:257.3
1560:210.0
1557:248.0
1554:226.0
1551:235.6
1440:(0.1)
1435:(0.7)
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1420:(0.8)
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1410:(3.5)
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1385:(0.0)
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763:AMISOM
733:Baidoa
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429:Qelafo
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345:Somali
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232:
2766:UPI,
2724:AFP,
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2156:(PDF)
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2034:(PDF)
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1025:Year
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815:Merca
811:Jilib
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2164:2014
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1822:The
1634:7.5
1631:7.0
1628:7.5
1625:8.0
1622:7.5
1619:8.1
1616:6.2
1613:6.9
1610:8.3
1607:7.0
1604:8.0
1601:8.0
1598:7.6
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1373:19.0
1368:22.0
1363:22.5
1358:22.4
1353:22.0
1348:21.0
1343:19.0
1338:21.0
1333:20.0
1328:21.3
1323:23.0
1318:22.0
1313:21.0
1303:24.2
1298:24.4
1293:24.5
1288:24.0
1283:23.3
1278:23.3
1273:23.1
1268:23.5
1263:24.8
1258:25.8
1253:25.4
1248:24.5
1243:24.2
1233:27.0
1228:27.5
1223:27.5
1218:26.8
1213:26.0
1208:25.7
1203:25.6
1198:26.1
1193:27.3
1188:28.6
1183:28.2
1178:27.3
1173:27.1
1163:29.7
1158:30.5
1153:30.5
1148:29.5
1143:28.6
1138:28.3
1133:28.0
1128:28.6
1123:30.4
1118:31.8
1113:31.0
1108:29.9
1103:29.6
1093:37.8
1088:33.0
1083:32.2
1078:31.5
1073:30.3
1068:32.4
1063:32.3
1058:34.0
1053:34.0
1048:37.8
1043:34.0
1038:33.1
1033:31.8
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1016:Oct
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1660:57
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1654:62
1651:69
1648:73
1645:64
1540:78
1537:77
1534:77
1531:78
1528:78
1525:79
1522:80
1519:80
1516:80
1513:77
1510:76
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1492:43
1471:11
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956:BWh
332:EAT
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