126:
1073:
436:, was very empty. When placed on the table, and though surrounded by people, if a finger was presented, the bold insect would immediately draw its sucker, make a charge, and if allowed, draw blood. No pain was caused by the wound. It was curious to watch its body during the act of sucking, as it changed in less than ten minutes, from being as flat as a wafer to a globular form. This one feast, for which the
548:
432:(a species of Reduvius) the great black bug of the Pampas. It is most disgusting to feel soft wingless insects, about an inch long, crawling over one's body. Before sucking they are quite thin, but afterwards they become round and bloated with blood, and in this state are easily crushed. They are also found in the northern parts of Chile and in Peru. One which I caught at
1904:
628:
Most triatomines aggregate in refuges during day and search for blood during night, when the host is asleep and the air is cooler. Odors and heat guide these insects to their hosts. Carbon dioxide emanating from breath, as well as ammonia, short-chain amines, and carboxylic acids from skin, hair, and
690:
used to control triatominae infestations. Insecticide treatment is more effective on nonporous surfaces, such as hardwood timber, fired bricks, and plastered walls, than on porous surfaces such as mud. A single treatment with insecticide typically protects against triatomine infestation for a year
419:
We crossed the Luxan, which is a river of considerable size, though its course towards the sea-coast is very imperfectly known. It is even doubtful whether, in passing over the plains, it is evaporated, or whether it forms a tributary of the Sauce or
Colorado. We slept in the village, which is a
652:
transmission is carried mainly from human to human by domestic kissing bugs; from the vertebrate to the bug by blood, and from the bug to the vertebrate by the insect's feces, and not by its saliva as occurs in most bloodsucking arthropod vectors such as malaria mosquitoes.
1685:
Galvão, Cleber; Carcavallo, Rodolfo; Rocha, Dayse DA Silva; Jurberg, José (2003). "A checklist of the current valid species of the subfamily
Triatominae Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and their geographical distribution, with nomenclatural and taxonomic notes".
355:; a very small portion of species feed on invertebrates. They are mainly found and widespread in the Americas, with a few species present in Asia and Africa. These bugs usually share shelter with nesting vertebrates, from which they suck blood. In areas where
526:
Knowing the domiciliary habits of the insect, and its abundance in all the human habitations of the region, we immediately stayed on, interested in finding out the exact biology of the barbeiro, and the transmission of some parasite to man or to another
113:
629:
exocrine glands from vertebrate animals, are among the volatiles that attract triatomines. Vision also serves triatomines for orientation. At night, adults of diverse species fly to inhabited areas, attracted by light.
489:
Modelling of the geographical distribution of triatomines in Chile shows that Darwin traveled extensively in the areas of central and northern Chile where these bugs occur, sleeping outdoors and in rural houses.
571:
nymph hatches from an egg, and may be small as 2 mm. It passes successively through second, third, fourth, and fifth instars. Finally, the fifth instar turns into an adult, acquiring two pairs of wings.
1754:"Triatoma dominicana sp. n. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), and Trypanosoma antiquus sp. n. (Stercoraria: Trypanosomatidae), the First Fossil Evidence of a Triatomine-Trypanosomatid Vector Association"
656:
Triatomine infestation especially affects older dwellings. One can recognize the presence of triatomines in a house by its feces, exuviae, eggs, and adults. Triatomines characteristically leave two kinds of
1496:
Castro, MC; Barrett, TV; Santos, WS; Abad-Franch, F; Rafael, JA (December 2010). "Attraction of Chagas disease vectors (Triatominae) to artificial light sources in the canopy of primary Amazon rainforest".
691:
or more on timber walls vs. 2–3 months on adobe walls. Wettable powders, suspension concentrates, and insecticide paints can improve treatment effectiveness on porous surfaces.
698:
among triatomines are fairly low due to their long life cycle and low genetic variability, but some instances of resistance have been reported, particularly among
2091:
1194:
The EAACI Food
Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines Group (August 2014). "Anaphylaxis: guidelines from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology".
728:. The classification below largely follows Galvão et al. 2003, but in 2009 this same author eliminated the tribe Linshcosteini and also eliminated the genera
440:
was indebted to one of the officers, kept it fat during four whole months; but, after the first fortnight, the insect was quite ready to have another suck.
1801:"A primitive triatomine bug, Paleotriatoma metaxytaxa gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar"
2132:
1354:
Lent, Herman; Wygodzinsky, Pedro W. (1979). "Revision of the
Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas' disease".
616:. Few species (5%) live in human dwellings or in the surroundings of human houses (peridomicile) in the shelters of domestic animals, these are named "
1848:"Panstrongylus hispaniolae sp. n. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), a new fossil triatomine in Dominican amber, with evidence of gut flagellates"
1574:
1407:
486:, though it is unlikely to have been caused on this specific occasion, as he made no mention of the fever that usually follows the first infection.
482:
Considerable medical speculation has occurred as to whether or not Darwin's contact with triatomines in
Argentina was related to his later bouts of
2078:
636:) when disturbed, and are also capable of producing a particular sound by rubbing the rostrum over a stridulatory sulcus under its head (
1889:
Dujardin JP, Schofield CJ, Panzera F (2000) "Les vecteurs de la maladie de Chagas: recherches taxonomiques, biologiques et génétiques".
1325:
938:
In addition, at least three fossil species have been described from amber deposits, one in
Myanmar and two in the Dominican Republic:
1417:
1296:
1447:"The Sexual Behaviour of Chagas' Disease Vectors: Chemical Signals Mediating Communication between Male and Female Triatomine Bugs"
1640:
1139:
Sandoval, C.M.; Duarte, R.; Gutiérrez, R.; Rocha, D.S.; Angulo, V.M.; Esteban, L.; Reyes, M.; Jurberg, J.; Galvão, C. (2004).
2142:
2083:
1286:
588:
and require the stability of a sheltered environment, where they aggregate. Most species are associated with wild, nesting
648:
Domestic and sylvatic species can carry the Chagas parasite to humans and wild mammals; birds are immune to the parasite.
1990:
1641:"Molecular phylogeny of the assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), based on mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal genes"
1320:
483:
125:
2044:
1543:
2096:
1381:
2057:
1915:
536:
990:
969:
411:
1598:
Pessoa, Grasielle Caldas Dávila; Vinãs, Pedro
Albajar; Rosa, Aline Cristine Luiz; Diotaiuti, Liléia (2015).
1908:
1092:
Sandoval, C.M.; Joya, M.I.; Gutiérrez, R.; Angulo, V.M. (2000). "Cleptohaematophagy of the
Triatominae bug
1943:
1423:
1321:"Was Chagas disease responsible for Darwin's illness? The overlooked eco-epidemiological context in Chile"
1039:
695:
507:
720:. The classification within the subfamily is not stable, with different proposed relationships among the
2147:
2104:
1922:
1032:
368:
535:, former student of Carlos Chagas, became devoted to the research of the triatomines and together with
389:) are considered important vectors. Also, proteins released from their bites have been known to induce
1714:
1006:
to humans, but these five species are the most epidemiologically important vectors of Chagas disease:
1812:
539:
made a revision of the
Triatominae, a summary of 40 years of studies on the triatomines up to 1989.
2137:
944:
906:
882:
742:
1828:
1800:
1219:
1121:
1025:
1011:
953:
700:
532:
470:
379:
120:
2109:
453:
420:
small place surrounded by gardens, and forms the most southern part, that is cultivated, of the
1237:
Klotz, JH; Dorn, PL; Logan, JL; Stevens, L; Pinnas, JL; Schmidt, JO; Klotz, SA (Jun 15, 2010).
780:
428:
south of the capital. At night I experienced an attack (for it deserves no less a name) of the
2026:
1781:
1773:
1734:
1660:
1621:
1524:
1478:
1413:
1292:
1260:
1211:
1176:
1113:
1018:
812:
772:
385:
373:
1981:
1673:
1820:
1765:
1726:
1695:
1652:
1611:
1555:
1514:
1506:
1468:
1458:
1363:
1334:
1250:
1203:
1166:
1156:
1105:
890:
730:
444:
421:
271:
244:
978:
949:
721:
633:
581:
229:
1847:
620:" species. Many sylvatic species are in process of domiciliation (i.e. "semidomestic").
457:
212:
1816:
1077:
2052:
2039:
1753:
866:
585:
564:
465:
449:
415:. The following is an extract which he based on his journal entry dated 26 March 1835:
402:
356:
1730:
1072:
712:
The monophyly of
Triatominae is strongly supported by molecular data, indicating that
2126:
1832:
1668:
1559:
1109:
974:
961:
914:
788:
757:
499:
425:
360:
239:
70:
1510:
1223:
1161:
1140:
1125:
1995:
922:
843:
828:
796:
637:
511:
448:, though there is no longer a river named after the town in its vicinity (the only
352:
1824:
2031:
1966:
2065:
1975:
1656:
1616:
1599:
1052:
713:
687:
683:
405:
made one of the first reports of the existence of triatomines in America in his
390:
234:
187:
45:
1339:
522:
that bite during the night. Carlos Chagas put his first observations in words:
982:
717:
589:
547:
377:, but only those species that are well adapted to living with humans (such as
316:
254:
197:
90:
55:
1777:
1738:
1699:
1482:
327:(so-called from their habit of feeding from around the mouths of people), or
662:
601:
364:
249:
177:
157:
137:
95:
1785:
1664:
1625:
1528:
1264:
1215:
1180:
1117:
506:
to many of his patients in Lassance, a village located on the banks of the
112:
17:
2005:
1903:
1769:
1575:"(PDF) Vibrational communication in Triatominae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)"
1542:
Cruz‐López, L.; Malo, E. A.; Rojas, J. C.; Morgan, E. D. (December 2001).
1463:
1446:
2013:
1960:
930:
874:
851:
593:
475:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
2018:
640:), another reaction either to disturbance or a rejection during mating.
1473:
1145:(Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) from dwellings in Cesar, Colombia"
898:
736:
613:
502:
discovered that these insects were responsible for the transmission of
433:
100:
75:
2070:
1923:"In the dark of night, a hunt for a deadly bug in the name of science"
1715:"Classification, evolution, and species groups within the Triatominae"
1519:
1207:
1367:
1291:. Cambridge, UK: The press syndicate of the University of Cambridge.
1171:
957:
597:
568:
515:
167:
147:
1937:
1239:""Kissing bugs": potential disease vectors and cause of anaphylaxis"
518:). Poor people living there complained of some insects they called
1255:
1238:
725:
658:
609:
546:
1544:"Chemical ecology of triatomine bugs: vectors of Chagas disease"
666:
617:
1941:
1409:
Vector control: Methods for use by individuals and communities
605:
307:
1573:
Lazzari, C. R.; Manrique, G.; Schilman, P. E. (2006-01-01).
1382:"Global Health – Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria"
1002:
All 138 triatomine species are potentially able to transmit
661:
like strikes on walls of infected houses; one is white with
286:
280:
1721:. The Biology of Triatominae - Vectors of Chagas Disease.
1600:"History of insecticide resistance of Triatominae vectors"
331:. Other local names for them used in the Americas include
295:
301:
669:. Whitish or pinkish eggs can be seen in wall crevices.
304:
1604:
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
351:. Most of the 130 or more species of this subfamily
292:
277:
274:
1950:
1639:Weirauch, Christiane & Munro, James B. (2009).
1319:Botto-Mahan, Carezza; Medel, Rodrigo (2022-03-24).
442:Note: Luxan is a reference to the town/district of
298:
289:
1916:The Kiss of Death: Chagas' Disease in the Americas
1445:Manrique, Gabriel; Lorenzo, Marcelo (2012-04-05).
1356:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
596:" triatomines. These live in ground burrows with
708:Tribes, genera, and numbers of described species
1713:Schofield, C. J.; Galvão, Cleber (2009-05-01).
524:
417:
8:
665:, and the other is dark (black) containing
283:
1938:
1412:. World Health Organization. p. 215.
1386:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1141:"Feeding sources and natural infection of
452:in present-day Argentina empties into the
409:, published in 1839 and commonly known as
111:
31:
1615:
1518:
1472:
1462:
1338:
1254:
1170:
1160:
393:in sensitive and sensitized individuals.
1891:Academie Royale des Sciences d'Ultre-Mer
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
367:), all triatomine species are potential
1064:
456:and is basically a minor branch of the
1886:. I, II and III. CRC Press. Boca Ratón
704:populations in Bolivia and Argentina.
401:At the beginning of the 19th century,
1645:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
2058:bf8e633b-b177-4e79-afe4-a84be6562062
1326:Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
673:Controlling triatomine infestations
494:Discovery of link to Chagas disease
1758:Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
1499:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
1149:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
25:
2133:Insect vectors of human pathogens
1921:Boodman, Eric (August 10, 2016).
1731:10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.01.010
1548:Medical and Veterinary Entomology
1098:Medical and Veterinary Entomology
956:. The amber pieces were found in
716:has evolved only once within the
1902:
1560:10.1046/j.0269-283x.2001.00340.x
1110:10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00210.x
1071:
270:
124:
1799:Poinar, George (January 2019).
1511:10.1590/s0074-02762010000800019
1451:Psyche: A Journal of Entomology
1285:Keynes, Richard Darwin (1988).
1162:10.1590/S0074-02762004000200004
632:Adults produce a pungent odor (
371:of the Chagas disease parasite
474:which is commonly called the "
1:
1825:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.09.004
1752:Poinar, George (March 2005).
1288:Charles Darwin's Beagle Diary
1076:The dictionary definition of
1882:Brenner RR, Stoka AM (1987)
1243:Clinical Infectious Diseases
604:, or in tree dwellings with
1657:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.039
1617:10.1590/0037-8682-0081-2015
2164:
1406:Rozendaal, Jan A. (1997).
1340:10.1186/s40693-021-00104-4
498:In 1909, Brazilian doctor
359:occurs (from the southern
991:Panstrongylus hispaniolae
225:
220:
121:Scientific classification
119:
110:
34:
1700:10.11646/zootaxa.202.1.1
970:Paleotriatoma metaxytaxa
565:incomplete metamorphosis
412:The Voyage of the Beagle
353:feed on vertebrate blood
1884:Chagas’ disease vectors
1846:Poinar, George (2013).
584:instars and adults are
1040:Panstrongylus megistus
998:Most important vectors
696:insecticide resistance
686:are the main class of
555:
529:
480:
27:Subfamily of true bugs
2143:Hemiptera subfamilies
2105:Paleobiology Database
1911:at Wikimedia Commons
1770:10.1089/vbz.2005.5.72
1033:Triatoma brasiliensis
678:Insecticide treatment
550:
315:, a subfamily of the
2053:Fauna Europaea (new)
563:Triatomines undergo
319:, are also known as
1817:2019CrRes..93...90P
1805:Cretaceous Research
1464:10.1155/2012/862891
945:Triatoma dominicana
567:. A wingless first-
531:Another Brazilian,
508:São Francisco River
422:province of Mendoza
407:Journal and Remarks
265:The members of the
1026:Triatoma dimidiata
1012:Triatoma infestans
954:Dominican Republic
701:Triatoma infestans
556:
543:Biological aspects
471:Triatoma infestans
380:Triatoma infestans
2120:
2119:
1944:Taxon identifiers
1907:Media related to
1426:on August 9, 2003
1208:10.1111/all.12437
1019:Rhodnius prolixus
552:Rhodnius prolixus
537:Peter Wygodzinsky
484:long-term illness
464:is identified by
386:Rhodnius prolixus
374:Trypanosoma cruzi
263:
262:
216:
41:Cenomanian–Recent
16:(Redirected from
2155:
2113:
2112:
2100:
2099:
2087:
2086:
2074:
2073:
2061:
2060:
2048:
2047:
2035:
2034:
2022:
2021:
2009:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1906:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1861:. Stuttgart: 1–8
1852:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1682:
1676:
1672:
1667:. Archived from
1636:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1522:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1476:
1466:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1422:. Archived from
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1282:
1269:
1268:
1258:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1174:
1164:
1143:Belminus herreri
1136:
1130:
1129:
1094:Belminus herreri
1089:
1083:
1075:
1069:
554:nymphs and adult
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
288:
285:
282:
279:
276:
245:Linshcosteusinii
211:
129:
128:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2108:
2103:
2095:
2090:
2082:
2077:
2069:
2064:
2056:
2051:
2043:
2038:
2030:
2025:
2017:
2012:
2004:
2002:
1994:
1989:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1946:
1928:
1926:
1920:
1900:
1879:
1877:Further reading
1874:
1873:
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1750:
1746:
1712:
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1707:
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1638:
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1633:
1597:
1596:
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1318:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1284:
1283:
1272:
1249:(12): 1629–34.
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1235:
1231:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1049:
1000:
979:Late Cretaceous
950:Dominican amber
750:Alberproseniini
710:
680:
675:
646:
634:isobutyric acid
626:
592:and are named "
580:All triatomine
578:
561:
545:
496:
454:Río de la Plata
441:
399:
273:
269:
259:
230:Alberproseniini
210:
123:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
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36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2135:
2125:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2101:
2088:
2075:
2062:
2049:
2040:Fauna Europaea
2036:
2023:
2010:
2000:
1987:
1972:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1918:
1899:
1898:External links
1896:
1895:
1894:
1887:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1855:Paleodiversity
1838:
1791:
1744:
1705:
1677:
1671:on 2018-08-26.
1651:(1): 287–299.
1631:
1610:(4): 380–389.
1590:
1565:
1554:(4): 351–357.
1534:
1488:
1437:
1419:92-4-154-494-5
1418:
1398:
1373:
1346:
1311:
1297:
1270:
1256:10.1086/652769
1229:
1202:(8): 1026–45.
1186:
1155:(2): 137–140.
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867:Dipetalogaster
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706:
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586:haematophagous
577:
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560:
557:
544:
541:
495:
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466:Richard Keynes
403:Charles Darwin
398:
395:
357:Chagas disease
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59:
54:
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2020:
2015:
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1973:
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1897:
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1745:
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789:Microtriatoma
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758:Alberprosenia
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500:Carlos Chagas
493:
491:
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472:
467:
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459:
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451:
447:
446:
445:Luján de Cuyo
439:
435:
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424:; it is five
423:
416:
414:
413:
408:
404:
396:
394:
392:
388:
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381:
376:
375:
370:
366:
362:
361:United States
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:conenose bugs
318:
312:
268:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
240:Cavernicolini
238:
236:
233:
231:
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209:
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133:
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127:
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118:
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92:
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2148:Hematophages
1951:
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1901:
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1883:
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1858:
1854:
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1808:
1804:
1794:
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1761:
1757:
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1719:Acta Tropica
1718:
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1669:the original
1648:
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1579:ResearchGate
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1491:
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1424:the original
1408:
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1101:
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1078:
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1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
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1003:
1001:
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943:
937:
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923:Paratriatoma
921:
913:
907:Nesotriatoma
905:
897:
889:
883:Hermanlentia
881:
873:
865:
859:
858:
850:
844:Psammolestes
842:
836:
835:
829:Linshcosteus
827:
823:(monotypic)
820:
819:
811:
807:(monotypic)
804:
803:
797:Parabelminus
795:
787:
779:
771:
765:
764:
756:
752:(monotypic)
749:
748:
743:Nesotriatoma
741:
735:
729:
711:
699:
693:
688:insecticides
681:
655:
649:
647:
644:Epidemiology
638:stridulation
631:
627:
579:
562:
551:
530:
525:
519:
512:Minas Gerais
503:
497:
488:
481:
469:
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429:
418:
410:
406:
400:
384:
378:
372:
363:to northern
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
329:vampire bugs
328:
325:kissing bugs
324:
320:
266:
264:
207:
29:
2066:iNaturalist
1996:Triatominae
1982:Triatominae
1976:Wikispecies
1952:Triatominae
1909:Triatominae
1474:11336/68256
1457:: e862891.
1079:kissing bug
1053:Hematophagy
977:, Myanmar,
958:Late Eocene
926:(monotypic)
886:(monotypic)
870:(monotypic)
813:Cavernicola
784:(monotypic)
766:Bolboderini
714:hematophagy
684:pyrethroids
590:vertebrates
533:Herman Lent
527:vertebrate.
450:Luján River
391:anaphylaxis
267:Triatominae
235:Bolboderini
208:Triatominae
204:Subfamily:
188:Heteroptera
35:Triatominae
18:Kissing bug
2138:Reduviidae
2127:Categories
1929:August 12,
1893:. Belgium.
1865:2023-04-02
1584:2024-06-06
1520:1807/58549
1430:9 December
1391:9 December
1304:9 December
1059:References
983:Cenomanian
860:Triatomini
718:Reduviidae
682:Synthetic
602:armadillos
559:Life cycle
458:Rio Paraná
317:Reduviidae
255:Triatomini
198:Reduviidae
184:Suborder:
158:Arthropoda
1967:Q13381446
1833:134969065
1811:: 90–97.
1778:1530-3667
1739:0001-706X
1483:0033-2615
1368:2246/1282
1172:1807/2288
964:deposits.
934:(67 spp.)
918:(13 spp.)
855:(16 spp.)
837:Rhodniini
781:Bolbodera
694:Rates of
663:uric acid
608:, birds,
520:barbeiros
365:Argentina
337:vinchucas
333:barbeiros
250:Rhodniini
178:Hemiptera
144:Kingdom:
138:Eukaryota
2014:BugGuide
2003:BioLib:
1961:Wikidata
1786:15815152
1665:19531379
1626:26312926
1529:21225207
1265:20462351
1224:11054771
1216:24909803
1181:15250465
1126:37984742
1118:10759319
1047:See also
1004:T. cruzi
931:Triatoma
910:(3 spp.)
902:(2 spp.)
894:(6 spp.)
878:(2 spp.)
875:Eratyrus
852:Rhodnius
847:(3 spp.)
832:(6 spp.)
816:(2 spp.)
800:(2 spp.)
792:(2 spp.)
776:(9 spp.)
773:Belminus
761:(2 spp.)
650:T. cruzi
624:Behavior
618:domestic
614:opossums
594:sylvatic
504:T. cruzi
476:Vinchuca
462:Benchuca
438:benchuca
430:Benchuca
349:chinches
194:Family:
154:Phylum:
148:Animalia
134:Domain:
1813:Bibcode
1688:Zootaxa
1674:Alt URL
1196:Allergy
899:Mepraia
737:Mepraia
598:rodents
576:Ecology
478:" bug.
460:); the
434:Iquique
426:leagues
397:History
369:vectors
221:Tribes
213:Jeannel
174:Order:
168:Insecta
164:Class:
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2071:472290
2045:452752
2019:381676
2006:419297
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726:genera
722:tribes
610:sloths
569:instar
516:Brazil
345:chipos
215:, 1919
2097:70999
1851:(PDF)
1829:S2CID
1694:: 1.
1220:S2CID
1122:S2CID
659:feces
612:, or
582:nymph
341:pitos
2092:NCBI
2079:ITIS
1931:2016
1782:PMID
1774:ISSN
1735:ISSN
1661:PMID
1622:PMID
1525:PMID
1479:ISSN
1455:2012
1432:2015
1414:ISBN
1393:2015
1306:2015
1293:ISBN
1261:PMID
1212:PMID
1177:PMID
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724:and
667:heme
606:bats
383:and
347:and
46:PreꞒ
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1991:AFD
1821:doi
1766:doi
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