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Traditionally, the main
Kitsumkalum village was situated at Dałk Gyilakyaw or "Robin Town," at the Canyon of the Kitsumkalum River. This site has not been occupied since the 1930s. Another village, home of the Ganhada and Laxgibuu, was Gitxondakł, situated between the Canyon and Kalum Lake. Modern
248:
McDonald, James A. (2005) Cultivating in the
Northwest: Gleaning the evidence from the Tsimshian." Keeping it Living: Traditions of Plant Use and Cultivation on the Northwest Coast of North America, edited by Nancy Turner and Doug Deur. University of Washington
219:
McDonald, James A. (1984) "Images of the nineteenth century economy of the
Tsimshian". In Margaret Seguin (ed.), The Tsimshian Images of the Past, Views from the Present. Vancouver: U.B.C. Press. pages 40
215:
McDonald, James A. (1987) The
Marginalization of the Tsimshian Cultural Ecology: The Seasonal Cycle." In Bruce Cox (ed.), Native Peoples, Native Lands, Carleton Library Series. Ottawa: Macmillan. pages
226:
McDonald, James A. (1990) "Bleeding day and night: the construction of the Grand Trunk
Pacific Railway across Tsimshian reserve lands". Canadian Journal of Native Studies. vol. 10 No. 1 pp 33–69.
223:
McDonald, James A. (1988) "Su-sit' Aatk, the raising of two crest poles marked a new beginning for the people of
Kitsumkalum". Rotunda 21:2:19-25. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum.
232:
McDonald, James A. (1994) "Building a moral community for the 21st century: Tsimshian potlatching, implicit knowledge, and everyday experiences." Cultural
Studies 9(1):125-144
50:, areas around Lakelse Lake and many special sites surrounding coastal and inland areas of the North West Coast prior to 1846 and as far back as 5,000 years BP.
111:
Of these, the House of
Nisgeel represents the first human inhabitants of the Kitsumkalum valley, under the leadership of Nisgeel, according to an oral history (
188:, with the assistance of a team from Kitsumkalum, including Dorothy Horner, Myrtle Laidlaw, Sandra Wesley, Vernon Horner, and Norman Guno, Lorraine McCarthy.
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Kitsumkalum village, a third site, is right on
Highway 16 where the Kitsumkalum River flows into the Skeena. The population of the community in 1983 was 74.
46:. Archaeological evidence places Kitsumkalum with property holdings (laxyuup/territories) in the Kitsumkalum Valley, down the Skeena River to the coast, the
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McDonald, James A. (2006) "Robin Town: An
Ethnohistorical Return to Robin Town on the Kitsumkalum Canyon". Living Landscapes, Royal British Columbia Museum.
229:
McDonald, James A. (1990) "Poles, potlatching, and public affairs, the use of aboriginal culture in development". Culture. Vol X No 2 pp 103–120.
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McDonald, James A. (1983) "An Historic Event in the Political Economy of the Tsimshian: Information on the Ownership of the Zimacord District."
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McDonald, James A. (1994) "Social change and the creation of underdevelopment: a northwest coast case". American Ethnologist 21:1: 152-175.
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McDonald also lists the following house-groups from other Tsimshian tribes whose members are associated with the Kitsumkalum community:
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The following house-groups (extended matrilineal families) make up the Kitsumkalum tribe, according to McDonald (see bibliography):
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McDonald, James A. (2004) "The Tsimshian." In Mark Nuttal (ed.) Encyclopedia of the Arctic. New York: Routledge.
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is an original tribe/ galts'ap (community) of the Tsimshian Nation. Kitsumkalum is one of the 14 tribes of the
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A significant event in the modern revival of traditional culture at Kitsumkalum was the "Su-Sit'aatk" double
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House of Ligiudziiws - Ganhada (Raven clan) (currently headed by Lena Land)
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House of Xpilaxha—Ganhada (Raven clan) (currently headed by Gerald Wesley)
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formed by shallow water running over rocks in the Kitsumkalum River.
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This article is about the people. For their band government, see
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House of Niisgeel—Laxsgiik (Eagle clan headed by Richard Miller)
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Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 7: Northwest Coast,
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201:(1990) "Tsimshians of British Columbia since 1900." In
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pp. 285–293. Washington: Smithsonian Institution.
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tribe (currently headed by Wilfred Bennett of Kitselas)
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tribe (matriline of Charlotee Guno and Stewart Bolton)
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raising feast of 1987. The poles were carved by the
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From the 1870s until the 1960s, many Kitsumkalum and
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House of Sats'aan—Ganhada (Raven clan) Kitselas House
87:(Killerwhale clan) (currently headed by Alex Bolton)
240:People of the Robin: The Tsimshian of Kitsumkalum.
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100:House of Wudiwiye & Wüneeymhapiskw --
259:Vancouver, B.C.: Douglas & McIntyre.
165:Tsimshians lived at the cannery town of
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83:House of Łagaax & 'Wiidildal --
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126:House of Gitxon/Nisgitloop --
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309:Kitsumkalum Genealogy Project
90:House of Niisgankwadzeks --
115:) belonging to this house.
61:derives from the Tsimshian
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238:McDonald, James A. (2003)
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304:James McDonald's Web page
143:House of Niishaywaaxs --
36:Terrace, British Columbia
255:Stewart, Hilary (1993)
18:Kitsumkalum First Nation
257:Looking at Totem Poles.
212:no. 57, pp. 24–37.
133:House of Niiskiimas --
277:livinglandscapes.bc.ca
154:tribe of Lax Kw'alaams
197:Inglis, Gordon B.,
173:and Skeena Rivers.
150:House of Spooxs --
297:2012-11-08 at the
40:Kitsumkalum River
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292:Kitsumkalum Band
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48:Zymagotitz River
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38:, where the
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85:Gispwudwada
59:Gitsmgeelm,
57:originally
24:Kitsumkalum
264:References
242:CCI Press.
178:totem pole
135:Giluts'aaw
30:nation in
324:Tsimshian
137:tribe of
53:The name
28:Tsimshian
318:Category
295:Archived
216:109-218.
163:Kitselas
145:Kitselas
128:Kitselas
102:Laxgibuu
92:Laxsgiik
184:carver
171:Ecstall
71:riffles
67:-geelm,
249:Press.
199:et al.
182:Haida
113:adawx
63:git-
220:54.
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