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daughter of Smbat, brother of
Kiurikie II), to Alp-Arslan, seized Kiurikie and his brother Smbat and forced them to surrender Samshvilde, the capital to him. Tashir-Dzoraget and a number of fortresses, which contributed to the sharp weakening of the kingdom. After the loss of Samshvilde, Kiurikie II moved the capital to the city of Lori.
819:
644:
After the death of King
Hovhannes-Smbat, David twice, in 1041 and 1042, tried to seize the capital of Armenia, Ani, and take the Armenian throne, but to no avail. The throne was inherited by the nephew of Hovhannes-Smbat, Gagik II. However, in 1045 both Gagik and Ani were captured by the Byzantines.
443:
ascended to the throne. Gagik reaffirmed his younger brother
Kiurike's royal rights on the condition of loyalty to the new king. The last time Kiurike is mentioned in the primary sources is in 991. According to an unnamed 12th-century chronicler, Kiurike ruled for 10 years (which is consistent with
648:
The strengthening of the
Georgian kingdom during the reign of Bagrat IV gradually began to turn into a threat to Tashir-Dzoraget. David tried to prevent Bagrat's attempts to unite Georgia, especially since the independence of the kingdom of his son, Gagik, was in danger. For this reason, David and
675:
allowed Bagrat IV, who invaded the
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti. The second invasion of the Seljuk Turks against Georgia (1067-1068) occurred while Bagrat was campaigning against Kakheti-Hereti. Upon learning of the invasion of the enemy, he immediately returned to Kartli. During the campaign of Alp
603:
The transition of
Kakheti-Hereti to the zone of influence of the Tashir-Dzoraget kingdom was negatively perceived by the Georgian king Bagrat IV, who was striving for the unification of Georgia, and led to the deepening of the confrontation between the Kiurikids and the Georgian Bagrationis. As a
599:
David I married the sister of the last king of the
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti kingdom from the Arevmaneli dynasty, Kvirike III. Kvirike had no sons, and therefore he appointed as his heir his nephew Gagik, the son of his sister Zorakrtsel and David Landless. Around 1029/1038, Gagik ascended to the
667:
When the
Seljuks invaded the region, the Kiurikids became their vassals, Kiurikie II recognized the suzerainty of the Seljuk sultan Alp-Arslan in 1064/65. In the same 1065, the Georgian king Bagrat IV, under the pretext of negotiating the extradition of his niece, daughter of Kiurikie II (or the
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718:
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river valley, including the city of
Tifilis. All the Armenian and Georgian feudal possessions that were adjacent to the Emirate of Ganja were in danger. In the face of common danger, a military coalition arose consisting of Bagrat IV, David I the Landless,
615:, for help. Since the Hovhannes-Smbat initially did not intervene in the conflict, David his suzerain that if he did not help him, then David would obey Abu'l-Aswar and together with him would attack Shirak, where the capital of the Kingdom of Armenia
373:
in the second half of the 1060s. After the fall of the
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget to the Seljuks in the early 12th century, members of the dynasty continued to rule from their fortresses of Tavush, Matsnaberd and Nor Berd until the 13th century.
596:, as well as the Emir of Tiflis Jafar. In 1031, the allied troops campaigned against the Ganja Emirate, invaded Shirvan and, defeating the troops of Emir Fadlun near the Ekletsi River, forced the latter to flee and captured significant loot.
568:(which would later become the capital of the kingdom) and 12 other fortresses. Based on these extension construction projects, it can be assumed that this was the period of economic prosperity for the Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget.
623:, to do the same. Using the same method, David obtained help from Bagrat IV, who also sent him an auxiliary army. With the help of his allies, David defeated Abu'l-Aswar and liberated all his possessions occupied by the emir.
545:, apparently with the aim of enlisting the support of Georgia and gaining independence from the Kiurikids. In addition, Demetre appointed his son, who had also converted to Chalcedonianism, as Archbishop of Tashir at
483:, defeated the emir of Tiflis Ali ibn Jafar in battle and forced the latter to accept the Kiurikians' suzerainty. With this victory, David strengthened the security of the northern borders of the Armenian kingdom.
653:, the most powerful opponent of Bagrat IV, when he opposed the king in the winter of 1046-1047. In the summer of 1047, the combined troops of Liparit, David the Landless and Gagik defeated Bagrat's army in the
534:, he suffered a heavy defeat and fled from the battlefield. David, though unable to build on this victory and expand the boundaries of his kingdom, temporarily eliminated the threat posed by the Emir of Ganja.
563:
For the next two decades, nothing concrete is known about David's activities. During this period he was likely busy strengthening the defenses of his kingdom, which resulted in the founding of the fortress of
404:
Information about Kiurike I is very scarce. It is known that in 974 he participated in the mobilization of Armenian troops initiated by his father Ashot III, during the time of Byzantine Emperor
608:
invaded Tashir-Dzoraget with a large army in 1040 and captured a significant part of the kingdom within a year, Bagrat IV did not rush to the aid of David the Landless.
645:
With the fall of the unified Armenian kingdom and the senior branch of the Bagratid dynasty in 1045, the Kiurikid kingdom became both de jure and de facto independent.
556:. David lost almost all of his possessions (for which he was nicknamed "the Landless") and was able to regain them only after recognizing the supremacy of the king in
891:
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throne, founding a new branch of the Kiurikid dynasty, who ruled the united kingdom of Kakheti and Hereti until 1105, when these lands were conquered by Georgia.
626:
552:
In 1001, David made an unsuccessful attempt to achieve complete independence from the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia, which was brutally suppressed by his uncle
761:[From the history of Armenian-Byzantine relations of the second half of the X-XI centuries. (on the attribution of coins of Kiurike Kouropalates)]
530:(r. 985–1031), the emirate tried to prevent the further rise of the Kiurikid kingdom. However, when Fadl I attacked David, apparently off the banks of the
683:
Kiurike II died in 1089 and was succeeded by his sons, Abas and David II. In 1118, the lands of the Tashir-Dzoraget kingdom were annexed to Georgia by
424:, as evidenced by his donation to the Sanahin monastery of two large and luxurious chandeliers. He also participated in the campaign of his brother
993:
255:
189:
83:
38:
537:
After that, David had to pacify a rebellion by his vassal Demetre, lord of the fortress of Gag (Gaga Berd). The latter renounced the
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The extreme inequality of forces forced David to abandon the idea to single-handedly fight the emir, and he turned to his suzerain,
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Before 1001, David faced another threat, this time from the southeast, namely the Emirate of Ganja, where the Kurdish
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was located. Consequently Hovhannes-Smbat send David an auxiliary army and also pushed his other vassal, Smbat of
76:
538:
985:
Rediscovering Armenia: An Archaeological/touristic Gazetteer and Map Set for the Historical Monuments of Armenia
408:
campaign in Asia Minor, which posed a threat to the southern borders of Armenia. Kiurike received the title of "
193:
358:
315:
486:
98:
1004:(a more southerly dynast) in 1211, that of Amenaprkich in 1181 under the sponsorship of the Kyurikian family.
393:
The Kiurikian dynasty and the Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget (also known as the Kingdom of Lori) were founded by
549:. David suppressed the rebellion of the prince and deprived him of Gaga Berd and all his other possessions.
416:, after the death of his father in 977. He continued work on the construction of the monastic complexes of
828:]. Vol. Book 3, part 2. Translated by Emin, Mkrtich (Nikita Osipovich). Moscow. pp. 184–185.
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759:"Из истории армяно-византийских отношений второй половины X—XI в. (к атрибуции монет Кюрикэ куропалата)"
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and Ganja, David significantly expanded the boundaries of his kingdom. In the mid-990s, he annexed
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In 1185, the lands of the Kiurikid kingdom came under the control of the Armenian princes of the
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448:). Described as an extremely devout man, he abdicated the throne of in favor of his son
795:[The founding and strengthening of the Kiurikian kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget].
1040:
664:, ascended to the throne. Under him, a local coin began to be minted in the kingdom.
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After the death of Smbat II under dubious circumstances, Kiurike's middle brother
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Arslan against Bagrat IV, Kiurikie II and his nephew, the king of Kakheti-Hereti
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and Tavush, retained their royal title until the beginning of the 13th century.
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397:(a variation of the name Gurgen), youngest son of the Bagratid king of Armenia
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910:"Царство Кахети-Эрети и армяно-грузинские отношения (XI в.—начало XII в.)"
475:. As a result of his successful wars against the neighboring emirates of
432:(who later ruled Georgia as Bagrat III), in defense of the ruler of Tao
361:(1029/1038-1105). They originated as a junior branch and vassals of the
546:
480:
276:
963:(журнал) (in Armenian) (Պատմա-Բանասիրական Հանդես ed.): 224–233.
365:, but outlived the main branch of the dynasty after the fall of the
353:) was a medieval Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the kingdoms of
793:"Տաշիր-Ձորագետի Կյուրիկյան թագավորության առաջացումն ու հզորացումը"
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957:"Образование и усиление Ташир-Дзорагетского Кюрикийского царства"
680:, and the Emir of Tiflis participated on the side of the sultan.
452:
and devoted the last 8 years of his life to spiritual matters at
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671:
The establishment of relatively peaceful relations with Sultan
826:
Universal History of Stepanos Taronetsi, also known as Asoghik
687:, after which the Kiurikians, entrenched in the fortresses of
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161:
59:
18:
956:
821:Всеобщая история Степ'аноса Таронского, Асох'ика по прозванию
792:
459:
The kingdom of the Kiurikians reached its highest peak under
961:
Patma-Banasirakan Handes. Istoriko-Filologicheskii Zhurnal
880:(in Armenian). Vol. 3. Yerevan. 1977. p. 302.
725:(in Armenian). Vol. 3. Yerevan. 1977. p. 256.
467:(r. 1048–1089)․ David's activities are recorded in the
579:
made an attempt to seize the entire territory of the
571:
In the first years of the reign of the Georgian king
444:
the dating of his coronation to 981 by the historian
853:Zhukov, E. M. (ed.). "Ташир-дзорагетское царство".
526:was established in the 970s. Especially under Emir
304:
294:
286:
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262:
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90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1000:The gavit of S. Astvatsatsin was built by Prince
636:or vestibule of the Church of St. Amenaprkich in
857:(in Russian). Vol. 14. Moscow. p. 156.
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657:. This success, however, was only temporary.
8:
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53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
890:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
838:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
735:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
640:was built in 1181 by the Kyurikian family.
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
604:result, when the Shaddadid Emir of Dvin
175:This article includes a list of general
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471:of the 11th century Armenian historian
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493:(on the left) and his older brother
88:adding citations to reliable sources
181:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
767:Античная древность и средние века
34:This article has multiple issues.
1027:Большая советская энциклопедия:
1015:Большая советская энциклопедия:
254:
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791:Shahnazaryan, Artashes (2009).
575:(1027–1072), the Emir of Ganja
414:the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia
389:, the kingdom of the Kiurikians
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
855:Soviet Historical Encyclopedia
799:(in Armenian) (2–3): 224–233.
613:Hovhannes-Smbat III of Armenia
1:
982:Kiesling, John Brady (2001).
428:against the King of Abkhazia
369:. They became vassals of the
955:Арташес Шахназарян (2009) .
878:Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia
723:Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia
988:. Tigran Mets. p. 48.
497:depicted in a sculpture at
412:", in the northern part of
367:Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia
1073:
1029:Ташир-Дзорагетское царство
757:Stepanenko, V. P. (1978).
463:(r. 989–1048) and his son
818:Stepanos Asoghik (1864).
769:(in Russian) (15): 43–51.
592:, King of Kakheti-Hereti
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797:Պատմա-բանասիրական հանդես
1052:11th century in Armenia
1047:10th century in Armenia
908:Мкртумян Г. Г. (1981).
410:King of Tashir-Dzoraget
311:King of Tashir-Dzoraget
196:more precise citations.
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99:"Kiurikian dynasty"
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886:cite encyclopedia
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685:David the Builder
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606:Abu'l-Aswar
594:Kvirike III
588:, Eristavi
194:introducing
1041:Categories
702:References
689:Matsnaberd
673:Alp Arslan
662:Kiurike II
532:Kura River
465:Kiurike II
177:references
110:newspapers
39:improve it
969:0135-0536
912:: 95–105.
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805:0135-0536
698:dynasty.
573:Bagrat IV
491:Kiurike I
434:David III
430:Bagrat II
343:Gurgenian
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245:Kiurikian
45:talk page
1017:Кюрикиды
719:"Gurgen"
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347:Armenian
335:Armenian
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481:Dmanisi
450:David I
441:Gagik I
422:Haghpat
418:Sanahin
395:Kiurike
378:History
295:Founder
287:Founded
281:Georgia
277:Armenia
273:Country
190:improve
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305:Titles
290:c. 970
179:, but
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763:(PDF)
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509:Smbat
131:JSTOR
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630:The
581:Kura
566:Lori
511:and
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325:The
103:news
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558:Ani
329:or
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