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should be tied to the roof of the room upside down, with a tight bandage around her waist. When the auspicious time came, she was released and the child was born. This was the spider reborn! The child had red eyes as he had remained in his mother’s womb a little longer. The mother, looking into his eyes, said: ‘Kochekannano’ (the child with red eyes), and expired. Hence, he was named
Kochengat Cholan. When he reached the proper age, his father enthroned him king.
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Kochengannan used to darshan (worship) Ayyaarappan (Pancha nadheeshwar-Thiruvaiyaaru) everyday in the morning. But one time, due to more water flow in river Kaviri he couldn't cross the river. So, he was sad. At that time the pulikaal munivar (Viyaakra paathar) appeared there and asked him to build a
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for a son. The Lord granted their wish and caused the spider to be born as the Chola king’s child. Soon
Kamalavati conceived the child. The day of delivery arrived. Astrologers foretold that if the child could be delivered a few minutes later, it would rule the three worlds! The queen asked that she
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The next day when the elephant came to worship, he found the web, and, thinking that someone had polluted the place, tore the web, offered his worship and went away. The spider came upon the scene, felt sorry that his web had been destroyed, wove another web and went away. The next day, as the
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It is from these colophons and rarely from the texts of the poems themselves, that we gather the names of many kings and chieftains and the poets patronised by them. The task of reducing these names to an ordered scheme in which the different generations of contemporaries can be marked off one
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Any attempt at extracting a systematic chronology and data from these poems should be aware of the casual nature of these poems and the wide difference between the purposes of the anthologist who collected these poems and the historian’s attempts are arriving at a continuous history.
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The Chera king was suffering from thirst after being deprived of water by
Kochchenganan and the poet Poigayar pleaded with the king to allow his friend a drink of water. The Chera felt disgraced by the Chola king and declined the water belatedly offered to him.
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elephant was pulling the web away, the spider, which was present there, gave him a sting: the elephant died of the poison on the spot. The spider, too, was caught in the elephant’s trunk, and perished.
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Thiruvanaikaval (also
Thiruvanaikal) is a famous Shiva temple in Tiruchirapalli (Trichy). The temple was built by Kochchenganan. Also Kailayanathar temple in Nagapattinam was built by him.
876:, which by common consent belong to the age later than the Sangam age, the poems have reached us in the forms of systematic anthologies. Each individual poem has generally attached to it a
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used to come there daily and worship the Lingam. A spider, which was also devoted to Siva, noticed that dry leaves were falling on the God and to prevent this wove a web above the Lingam.
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Although there is no contemporary evidence bearing on
Kochchenganan's religious persuasion, there seems little reason to suspect the crux of the later legends on his devotion towards
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Temple for
Ayyaarappan. The Temple was built in the small town Kurumbalur (in Perambalur taluk). The Shiva name in the temple is same 'Pancha nadheeswar' means ayyaarappan in Tamil.
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on the authorship and subject matter of the poem, the name of the king or chieftain to whom the poem relates and the occasion which called forth the eulogy are also found.
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another has not been easy. To add to the confusions, some historians have even denounced these colophons as later additions and untrustworthy as historical documents.
908:. The poet Poygaiyar, a friend of the Chera king, placated Kochchenganan by singing his valour on the battle field in his poem and secured the release of his friend.
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supposedly composed by the Chera king while still in captivity, and forms a sad confession of his cowardice in surviving the disgrace that had befallen him (
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poems. Today historical accounts of the life of
Kochchenganan are often confused with more contemporary accounts. It is believed that present-day places
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The period covered by the extant literature of the Sangam is unfortunately not easy to determine with any measure of certainty. Except the longer epics
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The only contemporary source available to us on
Kochchenganan is the mentions in Sangam poetry. There is one song in
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Mudaliar, A.S, Abithana
Chintamani (1931), Reprinted 1984 Asian Educational Services, New Delhi.
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773:. The only surviving details about his reign come from the fragmentary poems of Sangam in the
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Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1955). A History of South India, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002).
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Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1935). The CōĻas, University of Madras, Madras (Reprinted 1984).
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A History of
Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
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form the earliest evidence of the king’s life. The references to him in the hymns of
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Kalavazhi Narpathu is a poem giving a description of the battle of Kalumalam, near
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are from a later period which emphasises the religious side of Kochchenganan.
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of the tenth and eleventh centuries. The legend of a spider turning into the
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country, in which Kochchenganan defeated and made captive the Chera king
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monarch is the version found in the later texts as well as in the
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of Shaivism, gives the following story regarding Kochchenganan:
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Kochchenganan also figures in the legendary genealogy of the
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Suba Devan, the Chola king and his wife Kamalavati went to
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In a fruit grove in the Chola country, there was a Siva
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66:Learn how and when to remove this message
29:This article includes a list of general
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1092:The Cōḷas: With Over 100 Illustrations
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35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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989:and eagerly prayed to the Lord
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790:He is known for building the
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1117:. Pearson Education India.
1027:Legendary early Chola kings
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654:Great Living Chola Temples
639:Chola art and architecture
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840:copper-plate inscriptions
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810:and the forty verses of
915:The solitary poem from
50:more precise citations.
1095:. University of Madras
1008:Thiruvanaikaval Temple
830:Sundaramoorthy Nayanar
679:Gangaikonda Cholapuram
349:Parantaka II (Sundara)
1457:Thirukkurippu Thondar
822:Thirugnana Sambanthar
792:Jambukeshwarar Temple
599:Rajahnate of Sanmalan
1505:Paadal Petra Sthalam
927:Religious Persuasion
359:Aditya II (Karikala)
1510:Thiruthondar Thogai
906:Kanaikkal Irumporai
813:Kalavazhi Narpathu
140:Kings and Emperors
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1130:30 September
1128:. Retrieved
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1099:30 September
1097:. Retrieved
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586:of Karnataka
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218:Killivalavan
148:Early Cholas
111:Perunarkilli
77:
62:
53:
34:
1556:Chola poets
1546:Chola kings
1492:Viranmindar
1437:Siruttondar
1427:Seruthtunai
1402:Pugal Chola
1297:Kalarsingar
1282:Kanampullar
1272:Kalikkambar
1262:Iyarpagaiār
1212:Arivāttayar
1182:Adipaththar
1049:Sastri 1955
987:Chidambaram
873:Manimekalai
826:Thirumangai
739:Kōccengaṇān
576:Chodagangas
496:Rajaraja II
409:Rajendra II
399:Rajadhiraja
309:Parantaka I
173:Kulakkottan
101:Chola Ruler
80:Chola Ruler
48:introducing
1540:Categories
1477:Nilanakkar
1342:Meiporulār
1322:Kulachirai
1242:Gananāthar
1237:Kalikkāmar
1071:References
1061:Singh 2008
921:Purananuru
917:Purananuru
808:Purananuru
781:Chengannur
776:Purananuru
634:Chola Navy
578:of Kalinga
389:Rajendra I
379:Rajaraja I
289:Vijayalaya
267: – c.
265: 200
209:Nalankilli
200:Nedunkilli
31:references
1520:Tirumurai
1462:Tirumular
1452:Sambandar
1432:Sirappuli
1387:Nedumārar
1367:Naminandi
1287:Kannappar
1232:Eripathar
1217:Chandesar
1192:Amarneedi
1187:Aiyadigal
951:Nayanmars
818:Poygaiyar
689:Tiruvarur
684:Thanjavur
664:Poompuhar
570:of Andhra
540:1246–1279
530:1216–1256
520:1178–1218
510:1166–1178
500:1146–1173
490:1133–1150
480:1118–1135
470:1070–1120
443:1067–1070
433:1063–1070
423:1060–1063
413:1051–1063
403:1018–1054
393:1012–1044
161:205 BCE–
107:Successor
1551:Nayanars
1472:Yālpānar
1447:Sundarar
1422:Saktiyār
1417:Sākkiyar
1412:Sadaiyār
1392:Kurumbar
1372:Nantanār
1312:Kutruvar
1247:Idangaḻi
1171:Nayanars
1111:(2008).
1089:(1955).
1016:See also
991:Nataraja
968:elephant
962:under a
878:colophon
856:saints.
751:Senganan
747:Śengaṇān
383:985–1014
339:Arinjaya
299:Aditya I
293:848–871?
191:Karikala
1525:Tevaram
1487:Vāyilār
1397:Pusalar
1362:Murugar
1347:Murkhar
1327:Kalayar
1317:Kotpuli
1252:Māranār
923:– 74).
900:in the
898:Karuvur
802:Sources
669:Uraiyur
552:Related
476:Vikrama
373:971–987
363:966–971
353:950–980
343:955–956
333:949–962
323:935–949
313:907–955
303:871–907
157:Ellalan
122:Dynasty
44:improve
1277:Kaliya
1207:Apputi
1197:Āṉāyar
1121:
964:Jambul
960:Lingam
854:Shaiva
796:Trichy
369:Uttama
33:, but
1382:Nesar
1352:Murti
1222:Dandi
1202:Appar
1033:Notes
902:Chera
844:Chola
837:Chola
763:Tamil
755:Tamil
138:Chola
127:Chola
1267:Kāri
1132:2016
1119:ISBN
1101:2016
943:The
933:Siva
870:and
824:and
1169:63
745:or
1542::
1041:^
798:.
757::
753:)(
741:)
262:c.
163:c.
1162:e
1155:t
1148:v
1134:.
1103:.
737:(
723:e
716:t
709:v
271:)
69:)
63:(
58:)
54:(
40:.
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