33:
1005:
should be tied to the roof of the room upside down, with a tight bandage around her waist. When the auspicious time came, she was released and the child was born. This was the spider reborn! The child had red eyes as he had remained in his mother’s womb a little longer. The mother, looking into his eyes, said: ‘Kochekannano’ (the child with red eyes), and expired. Hence, he was named
Kochengat Cholan. When he reached the proper age, his father enthroned him king.
104:
1012:
Kochengannan used to darshan (worship) Ayyaarappan (Pancha nadheeshwar-Thiruvaiyaaru) everyday in the morning. But one time, due to more water flow in river Kaviri he couldn't cross the river. So, he was sad. At that time the pulikaal munivar (Viyaakra paathar) appeared there and asked him to build a
1004:
for a son. The Lord granted their wish and caused the spider to be born as the Chola king’s child. Soon
Kamalavati conceived the child. The day of delivery arrived. Astrologers foretold that if the child could be delivered a few minutes later, it would rule the three worlds! The queen asked that she
988:
The next day when the elephant came to worship, he found the web, and, thinking that someone had polluted the place, tore the web, offered his worship and went away. The spider came upon the scene, felt sorry that his web had been destroyed, wove another web and went away. The next day, as the
894:
It is from these colophons and rarely from the texts of the poems themselves, that we gather the names of many kings and chieftains and the poets patronised by them. The task of reducing these names to an ordered scheme in which the different generations of contemporaries can be marked off one
898:
Any attempt at extracting a systematic chronology and data from these poems should be aware of the casual nature of these poems and the wide difference between the purposes of the anthologist who collected these poems and the historian’s attempts are arriving at a continuous history.
922:
The Chera king was suffering from thirst after being deprived of water by
Kochchenganan and the poet Poigayar pleaded with the king to allow his friend a drink of water. The Chera felt disgraced by the Chola king and declined the water belatedly offered to him.
989:
elephant was pulling the web away, the spider, which was present there, gave him a sting: the elephant died of the poison on the spot. The spider, too, was caught in the elephant’s trunk, and perished.
1023:
Thiruvanaikaval (also
Thiruvanaikal) is a famous Shiva temple in Tiruchirapalli (Trichy). The temple was built by Kochchenganan. Also Kailayanathar temple in Nagapattinam was built by him.
887:, which by common consent belong to the age later than the Sangam age, the poems have reached us in the forms of systematic anthologies. Each individual poem has generally attached to it a
981:
used to come there daily and worship the Lingam. A spider, which was also devoted to Siva, noticed that dry leaves were falling on the God and to prevent this wove a web above the Lingam.
942:
Although there is no contemporary evidence bearing on
Kochchenganan's religious persuasion, there seems little reason to suspect the crux of the later legends on his devotion towards
1013:
Temple for
Ayyaarappan. The Temple was built in the small town Kurumbalur (in Perambalur taluk). The Shiva name in the temple is same 'Pancha nadheeswar' means ayyaarappan in Tamil.
891:
on the authorship and subject matter of the poem, the name of the king or chieftain to whom the poem relates and the occasion which called forth the eulogy are also found.
895:
another has not been easy. To add to the confusions, some historians have even denounced these colophons as later additions and untrustworthy as historical documents.
919:. The poet Poygaiyar, a friend of the Chera king, placated Kochchenganan by singing his valour on the battle field in his poem and secured the release of his friend.
930:
supposedly composed by the Chera king while still in captivity, and forms a sad confession of his cowardice in surviving the disgrace that had befallen him (
790:
poems. Today historical accounts of the life of
Kochchenganan are often confused with more contemporary accounts. It is believed that present-day places
875:
The period covered by the extant literature of the Sangam is unfortunately not easy to determine with any measure of certainty. Except the longer epics
732:
802:
54:
1171:
1133:
76:
850:
1387:
629:
1402:
1197:
1467:
1037:
725:
704:
817:
The only contemporary source available to us on
Kochchenganan is the mentions in Sangam poetry. There is one song in
47:
41:
664:
649:
1247:
669:
58:
1482:
1337:
1312:
1492:
1487:
1164:
1097:
840:
718:
689:
1520:
916:
1477:
1417:
888:
832:
586:
429:
1566:
1556:
1515:
1342:
1232:
1227:
526:
516:
1452:
496:
1502:
1437:
1347:
1332:
1307:
1302:
1292:
1262:
1222:
1202:
823:
546:
476:
449:
439:
359:
1087:
Mudaliar, A.S, Abithana
Chintamani (1931), Reprinted 1984 Asian Educational Services, New Delhi.
828:
1561:
1442:
1377:
1282:
1272:
1252:
1157:
1129:
784:. The only surviving details about his reign come from the fragmentary poems of Sangam in the
781:
602:
419:
409:
1352:
1297:
1242:
654:
634:
399:
369:
299:
1322:
806:
329:
290:
1093:
Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1955). A History of South India, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002).
1090:
Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1935). The CōĻas, University of Madras, Madras (Reprinted 1984).
1525:
1422:
1372:
1362:
1357:
1287:
1217:
877:
765:
639:
594:
237:
192:
103:
1550:
1432:
1397:
1207:
1125:
A History of
Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
1119:
956:
912:
859:
831:
form the earliest evidence of the king’s life. The references to him in the hymns of
795:
659:
578:
486:
148:
137:
111:
1392:
1367:
1277:
1267:
1237:
1032:
907:
Kalavazhi Narpathu is a poem giving a description of the battle of Kalumalam, near
777:
773:
684:
536:
467:
379:
339:
255:
228:
158:
121:
1123:
1101:
946:. These legends maintain that the Chola king built 70 Siva temples in his realm.
1412:
1192:
997:
883:
836:
506:
319:
183:
17:
1447:
843:
are from a later period which emphasises the religious side of Kochchenganan.
791:
786:
644:
389:
219:
210:
853:
of the tenth and eleventh centuries. The legend of a spider turning into the
1530:
1472:
1462:
1257:
961:
699:
694:
674:
1457:
1382:
1181:
1001:
978:
915:
country, in which Kochchenganan defeated and made captive the Chera king
609:
349:
309:
201:
1535:
1497:
1427:
1407:
1327:
908:
679:
167:
132:
974:
970:
864:
1212:
943:
857:
monarch is the version found in the later texts as well as in the
854:
847:
964:
of Shaivism, gives the following story regarding Kochchenganan:
1153:
1149:
26:
846:
Kochchenganan also figures in the legendary genealogy of the
996:
Suba Devan, the Chola king and his wife Kamalavati went to
969:
In a fruit grove in the Chola country, there was a Siva
1055:
1053:
131:
127:
117:
110:
96:
798:, meaning Senganan's Road are named after him.
1165:
726:
8:
1172:
1158:
1150:
733:
719:
144:
102:
93:
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
40:This article includes a list of general
1098:Sastri, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta
1049:
147:
1103:The Cōḷas: With Over 100 Illustrations
1059:
1071:
7:
46:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
960:detailing the stories of the 63
31:
1000:and eagerly prayed to the Lord
794:, meaning Senganan's Town, and
863:, the great compendium of the
1:
801:He is known for building the
272:
173:
1128:. Pearson Education India.
1038:Legendary early Chola kings
705:Legendary early Chola kings
1583:
665:Great Living Chola Temples
650:Chola art and architecture
1511:
1188:
851:copper-plate inscriptions
769:
101:
821:and the forty verses of
926:The solitary poem from
61:more precise citations.
1106:. University of Madras
1019:Thiruvanaikaval Temple
841:Sundaramoorthy Nayanar
690:Gangaikonda Cholapuram
360:Parantaka II (Sundara)
1468:Thirukkurippu Thondar
833:Thirugnana Sambanthar
803:Jambukeshwarar Temple
610:Rajahnate of Sanmalan
1516:Paadal Petra Sthalam
938:Religious Persuasion
370:Aditya II (Karikala)
1521:Thiruthondar Thogai
917:Kanaikkal Irumporai
824:Kalavazhi Narpathu
151:Kings and Emperors
1544:
1543:
871:Sangam literature
782:Sangam literature
772:) was one of the
743:
742:
670:Solesvara Temples
630:Ganges Expedition
615:
614:
603:Rajahnate of Cebu
571:Related dynasties
555:
554:
458:
457:
263:
262:
143:
142:
87:
86:
79:
16:(Redirected from
1574:
1313:Chēramān Perumāḷ
1174:
1167:
1160:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
950:As a Saiva Saint
903:Kalumalam Battle
771:
754:Kochengat Cholan
735:
728:
721:
655:Chola literature
635:Chola government
575:
574:
473:
472:
296:
295:
281:
277:
274:
178:
175:
164:
163:
145:
106:
94:
82:
75:
71:
68:
62:
57:this article by
48:inline citations
35:
34:
27:
21:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1507:
1303:Karaikkal Ammai
1184:
1178:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1118:
1109:
1107:
1096:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1051:
1046:
1029:
1021:
952:
940:
905:
873:
815:
805:in present-day
770:சோழன் செங்கணான்
739:
710:
709:
625:
617:
616:
572:
557:
556:
470:
460:
459:
330:Rajaditya Chola
293:
291:Medieval Cholas
279:
275:
265:
264:
176:
161:
92:
83:
72:
66:
63:
53:Please help to
52:
36:
32:
23:
22:
18:Kochengat Chola
15:
12:
11:
5:
1580:
1578:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1526:Periya Puranam
1523:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1493:Rudra Pasupati
1490:
1485:
1480:
1478:Tirunilakantar
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1348:Mangayarkarasi
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1134:
1120:Singh, Upinder
1116:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1074:, p. 387.
1064:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1008:
1007:
992:
991:
984:
983:
977:tree. A white
951:
948:
939:
936:
904:
901:
878:Silappatikaram
872:
869:
814:
811:
741:
740:
738:
737:
730:
723:
715:
712:
711:
708:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
640:Chola military
637:
632:
626:
623:
622:
619:
618:
613:
612:
606:
605:
599:
598:
595:Nidugal Cholas
591:
590:
583:
582:
573:
570:
569:
566:
565:
559:
558:
553:
552:
549:
543:
542:
539:
533:
532:
529:
527:Kulothunga III
523:
522:
519:
517:Rajadhiraja II
513:
512:
509:
503:
502:
499:
493:
492:
489:
483:
482:
479:
471:
466:
465:
462:
461:
456:
455:
452:
446:
445:
442:
436:
435:
432:
426:
425:
422:
416:
415:
412:
406:
405:
402:
396:
395:
392:
386:
385:
382:
376:
375:
372:
366:
365:
362:
356:
355:
352:
346:
345:
342:
336:
335:
332:
326:
325:
322:
316:
315:
312:
306:
305:
302:
294:
289:
288:
285:
284:
267:
266:
261:
260:
258:
252:
251:
249:
243:
242:
240:
238:Kopperuncholan
234:
233:
231:
225:
224:
222:
216:
215:
213:
207:
206:
204:
198:
197:
195:
193:Ilamchetchenni
189:
188:
186:
180:
179:
177: 161 BCE
170:
162:
157:
156:
153:
152:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
108:
107:
99:
98:
90:
85:
84:
67:September 2016
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1579:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1343:Manakanchārar
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1137:
1135:9788131716779
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1062:, p. 51.
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1003:
999:
994:
993:
990:
986:
985:
982:
980:
976:
972:
967:
966:
965:
963:
959:
958:
957:Periyapuranam
949:
947:
945:
937:
935:
933:
929:
924:
920:
918:
914:
910:
902:
900:
896:
892:
890:
886:
885:
880:
879:
870:
868:
866:
862:
861:
860:Periyapuranam
856:
852:
849:
844:
842:
839:Aazhvaar and
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:
820:
812:
810:
808:
804:
799:
797:
796:Changanassery
793:
789:
788:
783:
780:mentioned in
779:
776:kings of the
775:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
746:Kochchenganan
736:
731:
729:
724:
722:
717:
716:
714:
713:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
660:Flag of Chola
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
624:Chola society
621:
620:
611:
608:
607:
604:
601:
600:
596:
593:
592:
588:
585:
584:
580:
579:Telugu Chodas
577:
576:
568:
567:
564:
561:
560:
550:
548:
545:
544:
540:
538:
535:
534:
530:
528:
525:
524:
520:
518:
515:
514:
510:
508:
505:
504:
500:
498:
497:Kulothunga II
495:
494:
490:
488:
485:
484:
480:
478:
475:
474:
469:
464:
463:
453:
451:
448:
447:
443:
441:
438:
437:
433:
431:
428:
427:
423:
421:
418:
417:
413:
411:
408:
407:
403:
401:
398:
397:
393:
391:
388:
387:
383:
381:
378:
377:
373:
371:
368:
367:
363:
361:
358:
357:
353:
351:
348:
347:
343:
341:
338:
337:
333:
331:
328:
327:
323:
321:
318:
317:
313:
311:
308:
307:
303:
301:
298:
297:
292:
287:
286:
283:
280: 848 CE
271:Interregnum (
269:
268:
259:
257:
254:
253:
250:
248:
247:Kochchenganan
245:
244:
241:
239:
236:
235:
232:
230:
227:
226:
223:
221:
218:
217:
214:
212:
209:
208:
205:
203:
200:
199:
196:
194:
191:
190:
187:
185:
182:
181:
171:
169:
166:
165:
160:
155:
154:
150:
146:
139:
136:
134:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
100:
97:Kochchenganan
95:
89:
81:
78:
70:
60:
56:
50:
49:
43:
38:
29:
28:
19:
1453:Somasi Mārar
1418:Pugaḻ Thunai
1388:Muniyaraiyar
1368:Munaiyaduvar
1318:Kochengannār
1317:
1268:Isaignaniyar
1238:Aenātinathar
1141:30 September
1139:. Retrieved
1124:
1110:30 September
1108:. Retrieved
1102:
1067:
1033:Early Cholas
1022:
1011:
995:
987:
968:
955:
953:
941:
931:
927:
925:
921:
906:
897:
893:
882:
876:
874:
858:
845:
827:by the poet
822:
818:
816:
800:
785:
778:Early Cholas
761:
760:(also spelt
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:
685:Melakadambur
597:of Karnataka
562:
547:Rajendra III
537:Rajaraja III
477:Kulothunga I
468:Later Cholas
450:Athirajendra
440:Virarajendra
430:Rajamahendra
340:Gandaraditya
270:
256:Perunarkilli
246:
229:Killivalavan
159:Early Cholas
122:Perunarkilli
88:
73:
64:
45:
1567:Chola poets
1557:Chola kings
1503:Viranmindar
1448:Siruttondar
1438:Seruthtunai
1413:Pugal Chola
1308:Kalarsingar
1293:Kanampullar
1283:Kalikkambar
1273:Iyarpagaiār
1223:Arivāttayar
1193:Adipaththar
1060:Sastri 1955
998:Chidambaram
884:Manimekalai
837:Thirumangai
750:Kōccengaṇān
587:Chodagangas
507:Rajaraja II
420:Rajendra II
410:Rajadhiraja
320:Parantaka I
184:Kulakkottan
112:Chola Ruler
91:Chola Ruler
59:introducing
1551:Categories
1488:Nilanakkar
1353:Meiporulār
1333:Kulachirai
1253:Gananāthar
1248:Kalikkāmar
1082:References
1072:Singh 2008
932:Purananuru
928:Purananuru
819:Purananuru
792:Chengannur
787:Purananuru
645:Chola Navy
589:of Kalinga
400:Rajendra I
390:Rajaraja I
300:Vijayalaya
278: – c.
276: 200
220:Nalankilli
211:Nedunkilli
42:references
1531:Tirumurai
1473:Tirumular
1463:Sambandar
1443:Sirappuli
1398:Nedumārar
1378:Naminandi
1298:Kannappar
1243:Eripathar
1228:Chandesar
1203:Amarneedi
1198:Aiyadigal
962:Nayanmars
829:Poygaiyar
700:Tiruvarur
695:Thanjavur
675:Poompuhar
581:of Andhra
551:1246–1279
541:1216–1256
531:1178–1218
521:1166–1178
511:1146–1173
501:1133–1150
491:1118–1135
481:1070–1120
454:1067–1070
444:1063–1070
434:1060–1063
424:1051–1063
414:1018–1054
404:1012–1044
172:205 BCE–
118:Successor
1562:Nayanars
1483:Yālpānar
1458:Sundarar
1433:Saktiyār
1428:Sākkiyar
1423:Sadaiyār
1403:Kurumbar
1383:Nantanār
1323:Kutruvar
1258:Idangaḻi
1182:Nayanars
1122:(2008).
1100:(1955).
1027:See also
1002:Nataraja
979:elephant
973:under a
889:colophon
867:saints.
762:Senganan
758:Śengaṇān
394:985–1014
350:Arinjaya
310:Aditya I
304:848–871?
202:Karikala
1536:Tevaram
1498:Vāyilār
1408:Pusalar
1373:Murugar
1358:Murkhar
1338:Kalayar
1328:Kotpuli
1263:Māranār
934:– 74).
911:in the
909:Karuvur
813:Sources
680:Uraiyur
563:Related
487:Vikrama
384:971–987
374:966–971
364:950–980
354:955–956
344:949–962
334:935–949
324:907–955
314:871–907
168:Ellalan
133:Dynasty
55:improve
1288:Kaliya
1218:Apputi
1208:Āṉāyar
1132:
975:Jambul
971:Lingam
865:Shaiva
807:Trichy
380:Uttama
44:, but
1393:Nesar
1363:Murti
1233:Dandi
1213:Appar
1044:Notes
913:Chera
855:Chola
848:Chola
774:Tamil
766:Tamil
149:Chola
138:Chola
1278:Kāri
1143:2016
1130:ISBN
1112:2016
954:The
944:Siva
881:and
835:and
1180:63
756:or
1553::
1052:^
809:.
768::
764:)(
752:)
273:c.
174:c.
1173:e
1166:t
1159:v
1145:.
1114:.
748:(
734:e
727:t
720:v
282:)
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
51:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
