200:. A firefight ensues, as Nyeeruna conjures up with a club in his right hand fire-magic to overcome the elder sister, who in turns responds by stirring fire-magic from her left foot, and thereby kicking dust in Nyeeruna's face. Momentarily humiliated, Nyeeruna manages to repeat his magical trick, and Kambugudha, who cannot repeat her magic as quickly, calls on
348:
sites which are remnants of previous
Kokatha habitation within the weapons testing range, which are described in a 2020 heritage management plan prepared for the Department of Defence by GML Heritage Consultants. There are at least 14 separate stone foundations at Lake Hart North (which is not used
228:. The difference in the respective fire-power would reflect the fact that while Betelgeuse has a luminosity that regularly pulses by one magnitude every 400 days, Aldebaran's light variation is less regular, and of a lower magnitude (0.2). The dingo puppy barrier would be emblematic of
315:
An ILUA covers the precise description of the area of land, which is described as "about 30,372 km (11,727 sq mi) extending approx. 129 kilometres (80 mi) west of Lake
Torrens". Large areas within the Woomera Prohibited Area of the
340:
trees are relate to male
Kokatha connections to this storyline. The area is supposed to be cleaned by the Department of Defence and the trees protected when weapons testing is under way. However, debris has been found around the site.
146:
of a large area of land in the northern region of South
Australia, estimated to extend over some 140,000 km (54,000 sq mi). Traditionally the Kokatha people have been associated with the land that is to the north of
1558:
1274:
881:
279:
A native title claim lodged by the Far West Coast
Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC (representing a number of other peoples as well as the Kokatha nation) was determined on 5 December 2013, and covers land within the
207:
Recently the astronomer Duane
Hamacher has advanced the hypothesis that the narrative encodes star-lore, and that the story can be read as a description of the nature of the configuration of stars around
188:
Traditions concerning Orion, a hunter and the
Pleiades, a group of women he pursues, are ubiquitous throughout Australia. One story transmitted in Kokatha oral lore concerns a celestial hunter,
3058:
375:
The report states that the location was likely "inhabited and used for many thousands of years", informally dated to up to 50,000 years ago (similar to human habitation in the nearby
2779:
1607:
3184:
1204:
1178:
3219:
1393:
1283:
574:
The variation between these ethnonyms, Kukata/Kokata and
Kokatha, may represent an original difference between two distinct Western desert dialects, one retaining a
3212:
1547:
3242:
3177:
3084:
3066:
2786:
2551:
1436:
2562:
1460:
2649:
1600:
1373:
1022:
3191:
1263:
1241:
2709:
988:
96:
lands is marked by an ecological transition from their plateau to the lower hilly acacia scrubland and salt lake zones running south to the coast.
3205:
2772:
861:
3106:
1042:
545:, Songman who won The National Indigenous Arts Awards, The 'Fellowships' Award, and a VIPA Song Of The Year Award For The Song "Freedom Called"
255:
3198:
2516:
2004:
1616:
1593:
1507:
1425:
1354:
953:
1247:
1225:
917:"Vocabularies of four South Australian languages, Adelaide, Narrunga, Kukata, and Narrinyeri, with special reference to their speech sounds"
2979:
2744:
2723:
1335:
1316:
1297:
204:, the father of a pack of dingos, to fight Nyeeruna. Eventually a set of dingo puppies forms a line to separate Nyeeruna from the sisters.
296:. It excludes a number of areas where native title has been extinguished. There is also an ILUA covering this area, agreed on 22 May 2014.
3127:
2688:
2667:
575:
2695:
1411:
3131:
2642:
1538:
1156:
921:
898:
3040:
2393:
2238:
889:
333:
2674:
1377:
1358:
1339:
1320:
1301:
1251:
1229:
995:
975:
394:
365:
3120:
2737:
2194:
2085:
1513:
1165:
930:
907:
865:
89:
349:
by the department), which the archaeologists surmised were either "habitation structures" or "low-walled hunting hides".
3031:
2896:
1930:
1562:
1470:
1444:
945:
304:
281:
168:
77:
1133:
1004:
2765:
2730:
2716:
2702:
2681:
2187:
3139:
2800:
2751:
2180:
2151:
2136:
1027:
317:
285:
64:
Traditional
Kokatha lands extend over some 140,000 km (54,000 sq mi) according to the estimation of
328:
The dunes and trees of the area within
Woomera are considered sacred to the Kokatha people, being linked to their
2252:
2071:
1494:
941:
Clamor Schürmann's Barngarla grammar: A commentary on the first section of A vocabulary of the Parnkalla language
273:
265:
249:
3113:
3049:
2758:
2530:
2201:
2159:
2092:
368:
exists throughout the area, including at Lake Hart, portraying, among other things, footprints which match the
81:
1317:"Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements Details: SI2014/003 - Far West Coast Native Title Settlement ILUA"
1413:
Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
1336:"Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements Details: SI2014/011 - Kokatha Native Title Claim Settlement ILUA"
2918:
2910:
2209:
2064:
2057:
1797:
1199:
1173:
132:
53:
877:
2965:
2914:
2826:
2537:
2435:
2100:
2035:
2014:
73:
68:, stretching over some of the harshest and most waterless land on the Australian continent. They include
3156:
2933:
2889:
2793:
2337:
2166:
1298:"Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements Details: SI2009/005 - Gawler Ranges - Kokatha Pastoral ILUA"
1129:
989:"Extract from the Register of Land Use Agreements: SI2014/11 Kokatha Native Title Claim Settlement ILUA"
963:
260:
217:
209:
41:
2400:
869:
379:), and the sites could provide hitherto unknown cultural information about the Australian desert area.
212:, whose name likewise comes from a Greek hunter. In this reading, the Yugarilya sisters represent the
2972:
1142:
1061:
288:. This land lies along a wide strip extending inland from the coast, stretching from the border with
2903:
2833:
1951:
1202:(October–December 1900b). "The Origin, Organization and Ceremonies of the Australian Aborigines".
2847:
2544:
1902:
1734:
1687:
1638:
1213:
1187:
1085:
1051:
967:
469:
143:
108:
2617:
2875:
2868:
2470:
2372:
1666:
1503:
1421:
1037:
949:
357:
289:
176:
1530:
939:
2926:
2882:
2840:
2477:
2323:
1888:
1748:
1652:
1077:
1069:
1013:
583:
164:
49:
1490:"Manners and customs of the Australian natives, in particular of the Port Lincoln district"
2861:
2854:
2463:
2295:
1958:
533:
376:
104:
45:
1585:
1394:"'It's new territory': why is Betelgeuse glowing so brightly and behaving so strangely?"
1065:
224:, while Kambugudha's counter-tactic of recourse to a similar fire-magic would allude to
3146:
2940:
2523:
2498:
2428:
2316:
2281:
2274:
2245:
2144:
1937:
1881:
1645:
1407:
537:
353:
345:
293:
264:, and represents the interests of the Kokatha people.As of 2020, there have been three
124:
65:
1548:"Selected bibliography of the Kokatha language and people held in the AIATSIS Library"
1023:"Stars that vary in brightness shine in the oral traditions of Aboriginal Australians"
894:"Aborigines of the West Coast of South Australia; vocabularies and ethnological notes"
3236:
2947:
2456:
2449:
2414:
2407:
2386:
2365:
2309:
2288:
2267:
2260:
1979:
1776:
1631:
1485:
1089:
554:
308:
307:. It stretches from the eastern shore of Lake Torrens almost to the western shore of
300:
156:
2624:
2491:
2484:
2442:
2344:
2302:
1965:
1832:
1398:
548:
422:
237:
152:
148:
1437:"Why were missiles being tested 50 metres from trees sacred to Aboriginal people?"
893:
1152:"Anthropometric and descriptive observations on some South Australian aborigines"
292:
in the west across to a line roughly direct north of the western top edge of the
196:
sisters, who resist his bold advances, protected by the eldest one, the taunting
2610:
2421:
2379:
2351:
2330:
2231:
1944:
1769:
1489:
1151:
916:
542:
527:
496:
361:
172:
100:
2997:
1248:"National Native Title Register Details: SCD2014/004 - Kokatha People (Part A)"
364:, 10,000 years ago), created by chipping away the rock with sharp tools. Other
2114:
1986:
1972:
1909:
1895:
1811:
1741:
1727:
1659:
1288:
229:
221:
258:(RNTBC) which covers areas determined to belong to the Kokatha people by the
2603:
2583:
2028:
1867:
1790:
1699:
1691:
1417:
369:
337:
225:
120:
93:
1461:"The significance of these very rare Aboriginal shelters has been revealed"
138:
According to the Kokatha Aboriginal Corporation (as of October 2020):
2358:
2173:
2042:
1874:
1853:
1846:
1818:
1783:
1762:
1465:
329:
276:(ILUA) was determined for the Gawler Ranges area, agreed on 13 June 2010.
213:
99:
The tribes bordering on Kokatha lands were, running north clockwise, the
69:
1081:
2576:
2107:
2078:
1839:
1825:
1804:
1755:
1673:
1073:
482:
128:
112:
1226:"National Native Title Register Details: SCD2013/002 - Far West Coast"
1217:
1191:
299:
The second, determined on 1 September 2014, covers an area within the
17:
2132:
1916:
1860:
1720:
1706:
1680:
486:
472:
116:
85:
1038:"Observations of red-giant variable stars by Aboriginal Australians"
1056:
3004:
2050:
2021:
1923:
499:
and Barngarla exonym meaning "those who sneak and kill by night.")
1176:(January 1900a). "Divisions of the South Australian Aborigines".
220:; Nyeeruna's right hand's use of fire denoting the behaviour of
88:
and the Ooldea Range while the northern frontier runs up to the
1589:
160:
1097:
640:
638:
352:
At another location, Wild Dog Creek, there are a number of
268:
determinations relating to the Kokatha in South Australia:
233:
3059:
Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981
1113:
1580:
1271:
An Outline Grammar of the Gugada Dialect: South Australia
372:, a giant bird that went extinct thousands of years ago.
800:
828:
826:
824:
811:
809:
728:
704:
76:
and the McDouall Peak as well as modern townships of
1284:"Indigenous superman Gavin Wanganeen blazed a trail"
1157:
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia
922:
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia
899:
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia
3098:
3076:
3018:
2989:
2957:
2814:
2659:
2634:
2561:
2508:
2223:
2124:
2003:
1996:
1623:
1374:"Search Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements"
716:
2780:Wapma Thura–Southern Flinders Ranges National Park
1205:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1179:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1116:. Kokatha Aboriginal Corporation. 21 October 2020
344:There are also a number of significant and rare
159:in the West. This includes the land surrounding
1531:"Aboriginal people of South Australia: Kokatha"
1264:Extract from the National Native Title Register
1242:Extract from the National Native Title Register
968:"Aboriginal bird names -South Australia Part 1"
140:
3085:List of native title claims in South Australia
764:
752:
332:(Dreaming) stories, in particular that of the
2787:Wabma Kadarbu Mound Springs Conservation Park
1601:
1495:Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria
776:
644:
8:
788:
3022:
2818:
2689:Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre National Park (part)
2568:
2000:
1608:
1594:
1586:
1275:Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies
1006:Die Eingeborenen der Kolonie Südaustralien
254:The Kokatha Aboriginal Corporation is the
1135:The native tribes of south-east Australia
1055:
92:and Lake Phillipson. Their boundary with
692:
680:
668:
656:
2773:Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park
1355:"Search National Native Title Register"
1100:. Far West Coast Aboriginal Corporation
740:
617:
610:
595:
567:
515:
3067:Laws concerning Indigenous Australians
1150:Jones, F. W.; Campbell, T. D. (1924).
1043:The Australian Journal of Anthropology
1021:Hamacher, Duane W. (8 November 2017).
832:
815:
256:Registered Native Title Body Corporate
3243:Aboriginal peoples of South Australia
2517:Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara
1617:Aboriginal peoples of South Australia
1546:O'Connell, Margaret (November 2014).
878:"AIATSIS map of Indigenous Australia"
844:
591:
557:, Australian choreographer and dancer
216:; Kambugudha the star-cluster of the
7:
2745:Nullarbor Wilderness Protection Area
2724:Malkumba-Coongie Lakes National Park
1418:Australian National University Press
493:Nganitjiddia, Nganitjidi, Nganitjini
441:Koogatho, Kugurda,Koogurda, Koocatho
390:Cocotah, Kookata, Cookutta, Kookatha
320:overlap with the native title area.
3128:Hindmarsh Island Bridge controversy
2710:Ikara–Flinders Ranges National Park
536:, Australian rules footballer, and
421:="east") applied to a band west of
336:creation story. In particular, the
232:and the contiguous star cluster of
2696:Kanku-Breakaways Conservation Park
629:
311:, but does not include the latter.
192:, who lusts after and pursues the
84:. The lands extend west as far as
25:
1036:Hamacher, Duane W. (April 2018).
437:. (Yankuntjatjarra pronunciation)
3107:Aborigines' Friends' Association
2998:Aṉangu (Western Desert language)
1539:State Library of South Australia
431:. ( "plain turkeys"— pejorative)
3041:Aboriginal Lands Trust Act 1966
1459:Trask, Steven (23 June 2022b).
1435:Trask, Steven (22 June 2022a).
1392:Sullivan, Helen (25 May 2023).
1012:. Berlin: D.Reimer – via
123:on the southeastern flank, the
52:, close to or a dialect of the
2675:Elliot Price Conservation Park
1581:Kokatha Aboriginal Corporation
1378:National Native Title Tribunal
1359:National Native Title Tribunal
1340:National Native Title Tribunal
1321:National Native Title Tribunal
1302:National Native Title Tribunal
1252:National Native Title Tribunal
1230:National Native Title Tribunal
996:National Native Title Tribunal
976:South Australian Ornithologist
366:Aboriginal Australian rock art
1:
3121:Avenue Range Station massacre
2738:Ngaut Ngaut Conservation Park
866:Government of South Australia
551:(1901–1971), community worker
274:Indigenous land use agreement
3032:Aboriginal Heritage Act 1988
1471:Special Broadcasting Service
1445:Special Broadcasting Service
946:University of Adelaide Press
862:"Aboriginal South Australia"
305:Pastoral Unincorporated Area
282:Pastoral Unincorporated Area
2766:Strzelecki Regional Reserve
2731:Mamungari Conservation Park
2717:Innamincka Regional Reserve
2703:Lake Gairdner National Park
2682:Gawler Ranges National Park
2660:Co-managed protected areas:
2635:Indigenous protected areas:
1269:Platt, John Talbot (1972).
801:NNTT: Register extract 2014
142:The Kokatha People are the
3259:
3140:History of South Australia
3005:Nunga (Aboriginal English)
2801:Yumbarra Conservation Park
2752:Nullarbor Regional Reserve
2552:List of Aboriginal schools
1282:Ralph, Jon (3 June 2010).
318:RAAF Woomera Range Complex
286:District Council of Ceduna
247:
240:have a similar tradition.
3166:
3025:
2821:
2571:
2253:Poltpalingada Booboorowie
729:NNTT: Land Use Agreements
705:NNTT: Indigenous Register
530:, Australian basketballer
250:Native title in Australia
175:' copper-gold project at
27:Ethnic group in Australia
3114:Australian frontier wars
3050:Aboriginal Witnesses Act
2759:Pureba Conservation Park
2531:Gerard Community Council
1003:Eylmann, Erhard (1908).
360:(generally dated to the
2911:Western Desert language
1408:Tindale, Norman Barnett
983:(6/7). Adelaide: 74–88.
717:NNTT: National Register
576:voiceless alveolar stop
461:Kukatha, Kukata, Kokata
54:Western Desert language
44:people of the state of
2966:Lower Murray languages
2538:Kupa Piṯi Kungka Tjuṯa
2436:Eileen Yaritja Stevens
1164:: 303–312 – via
1130:Howitt, Alfred William
938:Clendon, Mark (2015).
906:: 152–167 – via
181:
3172:By state or territory
3157:Waterloo Bay massacre
2794:Witjira National Park
2668:Dhilba Guuranda-Innes
2338:Tuppy Ngintja Goodwin
1931:Western Desert people
915:Black, J. M. (1920).
261:Native Title Act 1993
248:Further information:
42:Aboriginal Australian
2973:Thura-Yura languages
2883:Ngamini (Yarluyandi)
929:: 76–93 – via
485:, also Jangkundjara
127:directly south, the
36:, also known as the
1555:AIATSIS Collections
1066:2018AuJAn..29...89H
167:project located at
155:in the east to the
131:southwest, and the
119:to their east, the
3185:Northern Territory
2941:Yarli (Malyangapa)
2545:Maralinga Tjarutja
2401:Lowitja O'Donoghue
1735:Maralinga Tjarutja
1074:10.1111/taja.12257
998:. 2 December 2014.
765:NNTT: Far West (2)
753:NNTT: Far West (1)
645:Kokatha: home 2020
538:Brownlow medallist
395:Gawler Range tribe
151:, stretching from
144:traditional owners
3230:
3229:
3220:Western Australia
3094:
3093:
3014:
3013:
2810:
2809:
2471:Natasha Wanganeen
2373:Natascha McNamara
2219:
2218:
1690:, (including the
1568:on 26 March 2020.
1509:978-0-708-10741-6
1486:Wilhelmi, Charles
1427:978-0-708-10741-6
1186:(161): 78–91+93.
955:978-1-925-26111-0
777:NNTT: Kokatha (A)
695:, pp. 91–94.
383:Alternative names
358:Panaramitee Style
324:Significant sites
290:Western Australia
177:Carrapateena mine
48:. They speak the
16:(Redirected from
3250:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3159:
3152:
3142:
3135:
3132:Royal Commission
3123:
3116:
3109:
3087:
3069:
3062:
3053:
3044:
3035:
3023:
3007:
3000:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2958:Language groups:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2819:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2652:
2650:Mount Willoughby
2645:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2579:
2569:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2478:Ginger Wikilyiri
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2324:Stevie Goldsmith
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2212:
2205:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2147:
2140:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2001:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1587:
1569:
1567:
1561:. Archived from
1552:
1542:
1517:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1431:
1403:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1293:
1278:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1221:
1212:(164): 556–578.
1195:
1169:
1146:
1140:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1093:
1059:
1032:
1028:The Conversation
1017:
1014:Internet Archive
1011:
999:
993:
984:
972:
959:
934:
911:
885:
873:
868:. Archived from
848:
842:
836:
830:
819:
813:
804:
798:
792:
789:NNTT: SI2014/011
786:
780:
774:
768:
762:
756:
750:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
642:
633:
627:
621:
615:
599:
594:, pp. 3–4;
572:
165:Olympic Dam mine
50:Kokatha language
21:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3199:South Australia
3197:
3190:
3183:
3178:New South Wales
3176:
3171:
3162:
3155:
3145:
3138:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3090:
3083:
3072:
3065:
3056:
3047:
3038:
3029:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2964:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2919:Yankunytjatjara
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2582:
2575:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2464:Gavin Wanganeen
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2296:Kevin Buzzacott
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2215:
2208:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2150:
2143:
2131:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1959:Yankunytjatjara
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1619:
1614:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1550:
1545:
1529:
1525:
1523:Further reading
1520:
1510:
1484:
1475:
1473:
1458:
1449:
1447:
1434:
1428:
1406:
1391:
1382:
1380:
1372:
1363:
1361:
1353:
1344:
1342:
1334:
1325:
1323:
1315:
1306:
1304:
1296:
1281:
1268:
1256:
1254:
1246:
1234:
1232:
1224:
1198:
1172:
1149:
1138:
1128:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1035:
1020:
1009:
1002:
991:
987:
970:
962:
956:
937:
914:
888:
884:. 28 July 2023.
876:
860:
856:
851:
843:
839:
831:
822:
814:
807:
799:
795:
787:
783:
775:
771:
763:
759:
751:
747:
739:
735:
727:
723:
715:
711:
703:
699:
691:
687:
679:
675:
667:
663:
655:
651:
643:
636:
628:
624:
616:
612:
608:
603:
602:
582:), the other a
573:
569:
564:
534:Gavin Wanganeen
524:
512:
385:
377:Flinders Ranges
354:rock engravings
326:
284:as well as the
252:
246:
186:
135:to their west.
105:Yankuntjatjarra
62:
46:South Australia
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3256:
3254:
3246:
3245:
3235:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3153:
3143:
3136:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3063:
3054:
3045:
3036:
3026:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3001:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2980:Sign languages
2976:
2969:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2915:Pitjantjatjara
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2646:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2580:
2572:
2566:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2524:Aṉangu schools
2520:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2499:Tjayanka Woods
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2429:Tauto Sansbury
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2317:Gladys Elphick
2313:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2282:Shaun Burgoyne
2278:
2275:Peter Burgoyne
2271:
2264:
2257:
2249:
2246:Maringka Baker
2242:
2235:
2227:
2225:
2224:Notable people
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2206:
2204:(Point McLeay)
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2148:
2141:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2010:
2008:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1882:Pitjantjatjara
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1575:External links
1573:
1571:
1570:
1543:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1508:
1482:
1456:
1432:
1426:
1404:
1389:
1370:
1351:
1332:
1313:
1294:
1279:
1266:
1244:
1222:
1200:Mathews, R. H.
1196:
1174:Mathews, R. H.
1170:
1147:
1126:
1110:
1094:
1033:
1018:
1000:
985:
966:(July 1955a).
960:
954:
935:
912:
886:
874:
872:on 1 May 2013.
857:
855:
852:
850:
849:
837:
820:
805:
793:
781:
769:
757:
745:
733:
721:
709:
697:
685:
673:
661:
649:
634:
622:
620:, p. 213.
609:
607:
604:
601:
600:
566:
565:
563:
560:
559:
558:
552:
546:
540:
531:
523:
522:Notable people
520:
518:, p. 213
511:
510:
500:
490:
476:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
432:
426:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
386:
384:
381:
346:archaeological
325:
322:
313:
312:
297:
294:Eyre Peninsula
277:
245:
242:
185:
182:
72:, Kingoonyah,
66:Norman Tindale
61:
58:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3255:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3017:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2827:Adnyamathanha
2824:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2509:Organisations
2507:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2457:James Unaipon
2454:
2451:
2450:David Unaipon
2447:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2415:Frances Rings
2412:
2409:
2408:Alitya Rigney
2405:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2394:Lewis O'Brien
2391:
2388:
2387:Betty Muffler
2384:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2366:Tjungkara Ken
2363:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2310:Nyakul Dawson
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2289:Hector Burton
2286:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:Iris Burgoyne
2265:
2262:
2261:Jack Buckskin
2258:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2167:Killalpaninna
2164:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1980:Yawarrawarrka
1977:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:Ngaanyatjarra
1774:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:Adnyamathanha
1629:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1599:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1115:
1111:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1050:(2): 89–107.
1049:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1007:
1001:
997:
990:
986:
982:
978:
977:
969:
965:
964:Condon, H. T.
961:
957:
951:
947:
943:
942:
936:
932:
928:
924:
923:
918:
913:
909:
905:
901:
900:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
858:
853:
846:
841:
838:
834:
829:
827:
825:
821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
802:
797:
794:
790:
785:
782:
778:
773:
770:
766:
761:
758:
754:
749:
746:
742:
737:
734:
730:
725:
722:
718:
713:
710:
706:
701:
698:
694:
693:Hamacher 2018
689:
686:
682:
681:Hamacher 2017
677:
674:
670:
669:Sullivan 2023
665:
662:
659:, p. 91.
658:
657:Hamacher 2018
653:
650:
646:
641:
639:
635:
631:
626:
623:
619:
614:
611:
605:
598:, p. 27)
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
571:
568:
561:
556:
555:Frances Rings
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
539:
535:
532:
529:
526:
525:
521:
519:
517:
508:
504:
501:
498:
494:
491:
488:
484:
480:
477:
474:
471:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
420:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
387:
382:
380:
378:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
347:
342:
339:
335:
334:Seven Sisters
331:
323:
321:
319:
310:
309:Lake Gairdner
306:
302:
301:Roxby Council
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
278:
275:
271:
270:
269:
267:
263:
262:
257:
251:
243:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
183:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
157:Gawler Ranges
154:
150:
145:
139:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
59:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
30:
19:
3147:
3057:
3048:
3039:
3030:
2934:Yandruwandha
2904:Wangkangurru
2890:Ngarrindjeri
2625:Wati-kutjara
2595:
2591:
2587:
2492:Chad Wingard
2485:Norah Wilson
2443:Moogy Sumner
2345:Ruby Hammond
2303:Vince Copley
2255:(Tom Walker)
2195:Point Pearce
2086:Pipalyatjara
1966:Yardliyawara
1952:Yandruwandha
1833:Ngarrindjeri
1713:
1563:the original
1554:
1534:
1512:– via
1499:
1493:
1474:. Retrieved
1464:
1448:. Retrieved
1440:
1412:
1399:The Guardian
1397:
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1362:. Retrieved
1343:. Retrieved
1324:. Retrieved
1305:. Retrieved
1292:. Melbourne.
1287:
1270:
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1233:. Retrieved
1209:
1203:
1183:
1177:
1161:
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1134:
1118:. Retrieved
1102:. Retrieved
1082:11343/293572
1047:
1041:
1026:
1005:
980:
974:
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926:
920:
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897:
890:Bates, Daisy
870:the original
840:
796:
784:
772:
760:
748:
736:
724:
712:
700:
688:
676:
664:
652:
625:
618:Tindale 1974
613:
596:Clendon 2015
587:
579:
570:
549:Norah Wilson
516:Tindale 1974
513:
506:
502:
492:
478:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
434:
428:
423:Lake Torrens
418:
414:
409:
404:
399:
389:
374:
351:
343:
327:
314:
266:native title
259:
253:
244:Native title
238:Ngarrindjeri
206:
201:
197:
193:
189:
187:
153:Lake Torrens
149:Port Augusta
141:
137:
98:
90:Stuart Range
63:
38:Kokatha Mula
37:
33:
31:
29:
2913:(dialects:
2834:Antakirinja
2611:Muldjewangk
2584:'Dreamtime'
2565:and culture
2422:Nura Rupert
2380:Patty Mills
2352:Ruby Hunter
2331:Adam Goodes
2239:Jimmy Baker
2232:Ian Abdulla
2154:(Umeewarra)
2095:(Ernabella)
1997:Communities
1945:Wongkanguru
1903:Tanganekald
1688:Jarildekald
1639:Antakirinja
1502:: 164–203.
833:Trask 2022b
816:Trask 2022a
741:FWCAC: Home
584:dental stop
543:David Arden
528:Patty Mills
503:Yallingarra
470:Antakirinja
362:Pleistocene
173:Oz Minerals
169:Roxby Downs
109:Antakirinja
101:Pitjantjara
78:Roxby Downs
3192:Queensland
2188:Oak Valley
2115:Yunyarinyi
1987:Yirawirung
1973:Yarluyandi
1910:Thangkaali
1896:Ramindjeri
1812:Ngangaruku
1742:Mardidjali
1728:Malyangapa
1667:Bungandidj
1660:Bodaruwitj
1383:26 October
1364:26 October
1345:26 October
1326:26 October
1307:26 October
1289:Herald Sun
1257:26 October
1235:26 October
1120:26 October
1104:26 October
1057:1709.04634
845:Ralph 2010
592:Platt 1972
236:etc. The
230:15 Orionis
222:Betelgeuse
198:Kambugudha
2897:Paakantyi
2848:Barngarla
2815:Languages
2604:Tjilbruke
2596:tjukurrpa
2592:mura-mura
2181:Nepabunna
2152:Davenport
2145:Colebrook
2137:Poonindie
2029:Indulkana
2005:APY Lands
1889:Portaulun
1868:Peramangk
1791:Ngayawang
1749:Meintangk
1700:Karangura
1692:Mulbarapa
1653:Barngarla
1535:LibGuides
1143:Macmillan
1090:119453488
606:Citations
509:="east").
507:alindjara
479:Maduwonga
419:karkurera
415:Kakarrura
370:Genyornis
338:black oak
303:and some
226:Aldebaran
194:Yugarilya
184:Mythology
121:Barngarla
94:Barngarla
40:, are an
3237:Category
3213:Victoria
3206:Tasmania
3150:massacre
2876:Ngadjuri
2869:Narungga
2618:Ngiṉṯaka
2563:Religion
2359:Ivaritji
2174:Koonibba
2072:Mintabie
2045:(Fregon)
2043:Kaltjiti
1875:Pilatapa
1854:Ngurunta
1847:Ngintait
1819:Ngaralda
1784:Ngadjuri
1763:Narungga
1488:(1860).
1466:SBS News
1441:SBS News
1410:(1974).
1132:(1904).
892:(1918).
514:Source:
466:Madutara
456:Kukataja
451:Kotit-ta
330:Tjukurpa
214:Pleiades
190:Nyeeruna
70:Tarcoola
3099:History
2927:Wirangu
2841:Arabana
2643:Watarru
2598:, etc.)
2577:Arkaroo
2202:Raukkan
2108:Watarru
2093:Pukatja
2079:Nyapaṟi
1938:Wirangu
1840:Ngawadj
1826:Ngarkat
1805:Ngameni
1756:Mirning
1714:Kokatha
1674:Dhirari
1646:Arabana
1624:Peoples
1559:AIATSIS
1450:10 July
1062:Bibcode
882:AIATSIS
854:Sources
483:Arabana
446:Koranta
435:Kokatja
429:Keibara
400:Geebera
356:in the
129:Mirning
125:Wirangu
113:Arabana
82:Woomera
60:Country
34:Kokatha
3077:Cases:
2990:Words:
2862:Kaurna
2210:Yalata
2160:Gerard
2133:Akenta
2125:Other:
2065:Mimili
2058:Makiri
1917:Wailpi
1861:Nukunu
1798:Ngalia
1721:Kuyani
1707:Kaurna
1506:
1476:4 July
1424:
1218:983776
1216:
1192:983545
1190:
1114:"Home"
1098:"Home"
1088:
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630:MapASA
487:exonym
473:exonym
417:. (as
410:Gugada
405:Gogada
218:Hyades
133:Ngalia
117:Kuyani
111:, the
107:, the
103:, the
86:Ooldea
18:Kokata
3148:Maria
2855:Dieri
2101:Umuwa
2051:Kaṉpi
2036:Kalka
2022:Iltur
2015:Amaṯa
1924:Warki
1681:Dieri
1566:(PDF)
1551:(PDF)
1214:JSTOR
1188:JSTOR
1139:(PDF)
1086:S2CID
1052:arXiv
1010:(PDF)
992:(PDF)
971:(PDF)
562:Notes
505:(cf.
210:Orion
202:Babba
74:Pimba
3019:Laws
2948:Yuyu
2588:muda
1770:Nauo
1504:ISBN
1478:2022
1452:2022
1422:ISBN
1385:2020
1366:2020
1347:2020
1328:2020
1309:2020
1259:2020
1237:2020
1122:2020
1106:2020
950:ISBN
497:Nauo
171:and
115:and
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1166:BHL
1078:hdl
1070:doi
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