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additional fees to cover operational costs. These fees, determined by each whānau, are generally comparable to or less expensive than traditional child-care. Conducted entirely in Māori, a kōhanga reo is an environment where 0–6-year-olds, kaumātua and whānau spend time together talking, playing, praying and learning. Daily activities may take place anywhere that is safe and warm including
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Individual kōhanga reo are autonomously run by their respective whānau, which consists of a "collective group of teachers, parents, local elders, and members of the Māori community". While funded by governmental quarterly grants from the Te Kōhanga Reo
National Trust, kōhanga reo often also charge
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Te Kōhanga Reo
National Trust Board was established in 1982 and formalised as a charitable trust in 1983. The Mission of the Trust is the protection of Te reo, tikanga me ngā āhuatanga Māori by targeting the participation of mokopuna and whānau into the Kōhanga Reo movement and its Vision is to
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spoke Māori as their first language. But by the 1980s, fewer than 20 per cent of Māori spoke the language well enough to be classed as native speakers. The causes of the decline included the switch from using Māori to using
English compulsorily in schools and increasing urbanisation, which
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disconnected younger generations from their extended families—in particular their grandparents, who traditionally played a large part in family life. As a result, many Māori children failed to learn their ancestral language, and generations of non-Māori-speaking Māori emerged.
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and ideals. It facilitates the growth and development of mokopuna (grandchildren) through the transmission of Māori language, knowledge and culture. The kōhanga reo movement operates from the Māori philosophical world view and is principally guided by
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King, Jeanette. 2001. Te kōhanga reo: Māori language revitalization. In The green book of language revitalization in practice, ed. Leanne Hinton and Ken Hale, 119–128. New York: Academic Press.
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King, Jeanette. 2001. Te kōhanga reo: Māori language revitalization. In The green book of language revitalization in practice, ed. Leanne Hinton and Ken Hale, 123. New York: Academic Press.
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Emerging in the late 1970s at the direction of kaumātua, kōhanga reo was an immediate and urgent response to the decline of the Māori language and tikanga Māori.
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224:) where Māori is the primary language of instruction. The role of Maori language in education in New Zealand is enshrined in the Education Act 1989.
53:), the movement aims to increase the use of Māori in the home, in education, government, and business. The movement is part of a broader revival of
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in 1982. Three years later there were over 300 operating. The success of kōhanga reo is such that they have been followed by the establishment of
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The Maori Party wants to make te reo 'compulsorily available' in schools by 2015 but students wouldn't be compelled to take the subject.
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80:") movement, which, beginning in 1982, immersed infants in Māori from infancy to school age. In 1989, official support was given for
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The kōhanga reo concept has led to other before-school initiatives in New
Zealand that instruct in Pacific languages, e.g.
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In response, Māori leaders initiated Māori-language recovery programs such as the
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totally immerse Kōhanga mokopuna in Te Reo, Tikanga me ngā āhuatanga Māori.
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57:(Māori culture, cultural habits and practices) in what has been called the
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and other countries adopting a similar concept. A notable example being
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were among the early leaders when the first kōhanga reo was founded in
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is a movement to promote, reinforce and strengthen the use of the
411:"Celebrating New Zealand's first kohanga reo – 150 Years of News"
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often feature increased roles for the Māori language. In
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Māori
Language Act 1987 and the Māori Language Commission
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149:) to promote the language and provide advice on it.
249:established in Hawaii to revitalise the indigenous
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396:Schooling is compulsory from age 6 in New Zealand
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501:"Maori Party wants te reo available to all"
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270:are Māori-language-immersion schools.
120:finding that the Māori language was a
409:Thomson, Rebecca (14 November 2015).
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499:Tahana, Yvonne (10 November 2011).
355:"Te Reo Māori – the Māori language"
98:A government-sponsored initiative,
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353:Dana, Peterson (14 March 2000).
116:was passed as a response to the
330:"Te Kōhanga Reo National Trust"
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531:Te Kōhanga Reo National Trust
147:Te Taura Whiri i Te Reo Māori
143:Te Komihana Mo Te Reo Māori
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278:Election campaigns by the
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311:Livonian language revival
296:List of revived languages
182:Māori cultural principles
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139:Māori Language Commission
64:Until World War II, most
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479:www.legislation.govt.nz
180:initiative grounded in
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114:Māori Language Act 1987
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101:te Wiki o te Reo Māori
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94:Te Wiki o te Reo Māori
88:Te Wiki o te Reo Māori
31:Māori language revival
206:Iritana Tawhiwhirangi
447:Neason, Alexandria.
189:(respected elders).
133:The Act gave Māori
436:Education Act 1989
268:Kura kaupapa Māori
263:Kura kaupapa Māori
257:Kura kaupapa Māori
222:kura kaupapa Māori
145:but later renamed
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128:Treaty of Waitangi
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280:Māori Party
210:Wainuiomata
160:Kōhanga reo
153:Kōhanga reo
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43:New Zealand
18:Kohanga Reo
549:Categories
335:2019-04-10
317:References
246:Pūnana Leo
233:Rarotongan
168:for '
51:Melbourne
290:See also
274:Politics
187:kaumātua
455:. Slate
484:10 May
459:10 May
421:10 May
241:Tongan
239:, and
237:Samoan
229:Fijian
174:whānau
123:taonga
47:London
358:(PDF)
195:marae
166:Māori
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486:2017
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