3396:
298:
235:
247:
182:
169:
3059:
548:
533:
2643:𐍚𐍩𐍠𐍚𐍩 𐍣𐍗𐍛𐍐𐍝𐍝𐍯𐍓 𐍩𐍝, 𐍚𐍐𐍤𐍐𐍥𐍙𐍝𐍙𐍐𐍡, 𐍜𐍯𐍙𐍛𐍐 𐍮𐍩𐍥𐍡𐍐𐍩𐍥 𐍟𐍯𐍠 𐍢𐍙𐍙𐍐𐍝 𐍥𐍙𐍝𐍙𐍐𐍡; 𐍜𐍔𐍝𐍩 𐍟𐍯𐍠 𐍡𐍩𐍜𐍯𐍝 𐍢𐍙 𐍓𐍙𐍝𐍩 𐍝𐍣𐍩 𐍛𐍯𐍓𐍢𐍩𐍜 𐍘𐍩𐍠𐍙𐍘𐍩𐍝 𐍢𐍯𐍠 𐍚𐍩𐍜𐍙 𐍜𐍣𐍩 𐍚𐍐𐍤𐍐𐍥𐍙𐍝𐍙𐍐𐍡, 𐍚𐍐𐍤𐍐𐍥𐍙𐍝𐍙𐍐𐍡, 𐍜𐍯𐍙𐍛𐍐 𐍮𐍩𐍥𐍡𐍐𐍩𐍥 𐍟𐍯𐍠 𐍢𐍙𐍙𐍐𐍝 𐍥𐍙𐍝𐍙𐍐𐍡;
2598:
Komi has 17 cases, with a rich inventory of locative cases. Like other Uralic languages, Komi has no gender. Verbs agree with subjects in person and number (sg/pl). Negation is expressed with an auxiliary verb, which is inflected for person, number and tense.
401:
was introduced by
Russian missionaries in the 17th century, replacing it. A tradition of secular works of literature in the modern form of the language dates back to the 19th century.
536:
A sample of the Komi language words. Upper "Улица Коммунистическая" is in
Russian, lower "Коммунистическӧй улича" is in Komi. Both mean "Communist street". This picture was taken in
3527:
4386:
3753:
3921:
3739:
256:
2938:
3185:
4391:
3018:('The Modern Komi Language'). Morfologija/Daśtöma filologijasa kandidat G.V.Feďuňova kipod ulyn. Syktyvkar: Komi ňebög ledźanin, 2000. 544 pp.
2607:
2584:. There is noticeable positional allophony, depending on the surrounding consonants, however no allophone overlaps with another vowel phoneme.
1161:
495:
The start of the change date to the 17th century. It is not seen in the oldest Komi texts from the 14th century, nor in loanwords from Komi to
3041:
2410:
2324:
2256:
1620:
1412:
2419:
1169:
3914:
3023:
3002:
2973:
1312:
4378:
In Russia, the
Cyrillic alphabet is officially supported. For other, non-Cyrillic alphabets, separate federal laws are required.
2363:
2317:
2285:
2249:
1648:
1489:
1009:
876:
614:
2518:
1794:
906:
267:
3011:
R. M. Batalova. 1993. Komi(-Zyryanskij) Jazyk. In V. N. Jartseva (ed.), Jazyki Mira: Ural'skie Jazyki, 214–229. Moskva: Nauka.
3178:
383:
78:
445:
and forms the model for the generic standard dialect of the language. Dialects are divided based primarily on their use of
3238:
3071:
2564:
2497:
2356:
2278:
1728:
965:
845:
4422:
4381:
3907:
2603:
2532:
2342:
2310:
1404:
1277:
741:
499:, dated to the 16th; though it fully occurred before Russian loanwords that entered the language in the 18th century as
2490:
1041:
2963:
4322:
3564:
2849:
2581:
2575:
2570:
2548:
2443:
2169:
2162:
1449:
1340:
1097:
685:
591:
4417:
3748:
3171:
2349:
2178:
1457:
1001:
304:
4315:
4239:
4232:
3860:
3643:
3638:
3332:
3203:
3063:
2504:
1517:
297:
277:
3111:
4286:
4265:
4246:
4150:
3990:
3983:
3680:
3648:
3349:
2208:
2201:
2185:
1915:
1125:
805:
713:
511:
379:
70:
4427:
4412:
4279:
4272:
4028:
3855:
3773:
3768:
3666:
3426:
3232:
2217:
2098:
813:
515:
507:
500:
488:
484:
477:
473:
469:
465:
458:
450:
446:
3031:
2746:"Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic"
4254:
3886:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3592:
2819:
2381:
2130:
2123:
1368:
1234:
1198:
364:
3395:
4096:
4003:
3559:
3518:
2757:
2224:
2139:
1792:
1726:
1646:
1618:
1515:
1487:
1455:
1447:
1410:
1402:
1366:
1338:
1310:
1275:
1242:
1240:
1232:
1196:
1167:
1159:
1123:
1095:
1039:
1007:
999:
963:
904:
874:
843:
811:
803:
769:
767:
739:
711:
683:
116:
4104:
3930:
3697:
3587:
3505:
2430:
2401:
594:
Support as "Old Permic" in recent times. The script saw use in Komi-inhabited areas, primarily the
4309:
4175:
4145:
4089:
4043:
3816:
3625:
3615:
3554:
3220:
1878:
652:
610:
74:
4216:
4130:
3823:
3780:
3404:
3377:
3361:
3344:
3339:
3226:
3037:
3019:
2998:
2969:
2785:
2744:
Rantanen, Timo; Tolvanen, Harri; Roose, Meeli; Ylikoski, Jussi; Vesakoski, Outi (2022-06-08).
2623:
2525:
2335:
2267:
2194:
2105:
644:
563:
390:
360:
148:
397:
for liturgical purposes in the 14th century, though very few texts exist in this script. The
4356:
4346:
4294:
4226:
4211:
4191:
4160:
4078:
4023:
4018:
4008:
3944:
3763:
3633:
3574:
3486:
3476:
3327:
3320:
3305:
3300:
3253:
3211:
3194:
2775:
2765:
2093:
2088:
606:
566:
is the first writing system for Komi. It was invented in the 14th century by the missionary
461:
remains unchanged in Upper Ežva and Pećöra dialects (also in most dialects of Komi-Permyak).
111:
106:
4361:
4341:
4299:
4221:
4206:
4196:
4170:
4117:
4058:
4053:
4038:
4033:
4013:
3977:
3967:
3791:
3785:
3655:
3607:
3597:
3536:
3383:
3283:
3095:
3087:
2911:
2907:
2890:
2631:
2373:
2117:
2110:
621:. Since the 1940s it uses the Russian-based Cyrillic alphabet with the additional letters
567:
496:
398:
394:
144:
98:
609:
with certain modifications for affricates. In the 1920s, the language was written in the
2761:
4259:
4165:
4155:
4140:
4135:
4125:
4110:
4068:
3972:
3962:
3880:
3809:
3734:
3727:
3718:
3711:
3705:
3660:
3513:
3445:
3432:
3420:
3371:
3354:
3270:
3258:
3243:
3091:
2939:"Лыткин В.И. (ред.) Современный коми язык. Часть первая. Фонетика. Лексика. Морфология"
2780:
2745:
571:
527:
422:
418:
414:
137:
225:
4406:
4304:
4201:
4083:
3998:
3673:
3546:
3450:
3366:
3310:
3290:
3276:
3157:
3143:
3129:
3083:
3079:
2472:
2301:
2238:
2155:
556:
541:
430:
371:
187:
66:
3106:
2559:
There are no diphthongs, although vowel sequences can occur at morpheme boundaries.
590:" (𐍐 & 𐍑, respectively). It is no longer in use today, though it has received
17:
4365:
4351:
4073:
4048:
3248:
2593:
618:
426:
356:
234:
3481:
3471:
3439:
3315:
2844:
2802:
Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021).
2770:
2678:
The third and final verse and refrain, as written in the modern Latin
Alphabet:
3491:
3455:
2484:
2467:
2395:
434:
246:
2627:
2540:
2477:
599:
595:
3263:
2637:
The first verse of the song and the refrain, as written in the Anbur Script:
3153:
3139:
3125:
3075:
2512:
2295:
2232:
1964:
1894:
537:
442:
438:
218:
202:
3523:
2912:"Revised proposal for encoding the Old Permic script in the SMP of the UCS"
2891:"Revised proposal for encoding the Old Permic script in the SMP of the UCS"
2789:
506:
Some dialects are further distinguished based on the palatalized alveolars
386:. There were 285,000 speakers in 1994, which decreased to 160,000 in 2010.
3058:
2650:
The second verse and refrain, as written in the Zyryan
Cyrillic Alphabet:
209:
2807:
1958:
1940:
1890:
1886:
575:
285:
273:
2149:
547:
308:
281:
3899:
2610:
word order, due to heavy
Russian language influence and the resulting
2611:
410:
375:
253:
174:
56:
3163:
2720:
552:
546:
532:
531:
2626:, Cyrillic (modern) and Latin lyrical text from the Komi-Zyryan
2035:
2026:
2001:
1989:
1977:
1934:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1882:
630:
623:
3903:
3167:
582:, Анбур), named for the first 2 letters of the script, "
441:, and Udora dialects. Syktyvkardin is spoken in the region of
613:, which also derived from Cyrillic. In the 1930s, during the
3149:
551:
Trilingual (Russian, Komi, and
English) sign in a hotel in
3101:
284:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3135:
3072:
Books in Komi-Zyrian from Finno-Ugric
Electronic Library
3030:
Riese, Timothy (8 April 2015). Abondolo, Daniel (ed.).
605:
In the 16th century, this alphabet was replaced by the
487:
continued with complete vocalization of syllable-final
3107:
3121:
3116:
2997:(in Finnish). Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura.
4334:
4184:
3953:
3937:
3833:
3801:
3696:
3624:
3606:
3573:
3545:
3504:
3464:
3412:
3403:
3210:
3102:
2602:Komi is an agglutinative language and adheres to a
216:
200:
195:
160:
155:
134:
95:
85:
62:
52:
32:
1913:, most of which represent palatalized consonants.
1293:Open "o" is absent in the literary Komi language.
472:syllable-finally; for instance, in literary Komi *
326:
2721:"Росстат — Всероссийская перепись населения 2020"
617:, Komi was briefly written with a version of the
350:
344:
44:
38:
1812:Open "e" is absent in the modern Komi language.
3915:
3179:
2804:Geographical database of the Uralic languages
2606:order. Most modern texts, however, possess a
8:
3082:(interface in Russian and English, texts in
578:. The script was also known as Anbur (Komi:
3922:
3908:
3900:
3621:
3409:
3186:
3172:
3164:
3152:(by the Finno-Ugric Information Center in
3138:(by the Finno-Ugric Information Center in
3124:(by the Finno-Ugric Information Center in
3074:(by the Finno-Ugric Information Center in
320:
252:Komi is classified as "vulnerable" by the
245:
239:Traditional distribution of Komi languages
233:
29:
2779:
2769:
2458:
2079:
637:
257:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
2995:Permiläisten kielten rakenne ja kehitys
2712:
2622:The following sample text displays the
514:in syllable-final position as clusters
278:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
4387:Knowledge (XXG) in languages of Russia
2808:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188
2864:
409:Komi has ten dialects: Syktyvkardin (
311:characters in this article correctly.
7:
2875:
2873:
2965:Language Policy in the Soviet Union
3885:Languages between parentheses are
570:. The alphabet resembled medieval
25:
2580:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2547:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2442:
2418:
2409:
2380:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2341:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2284:
2277:
2255:
2248:
2223:
2216:
2207:
2200:
2184:
2177:
2168:
2161:
2138:
2129:
2122:
483:In Northern dialects, changes of
355:), is the native language of the
4392:Mass media by language of Russia
3394:
3057:
2962:Grenoble, L. A. (31 July 2003).
2673:Мыйла восьсаöсь пыр тiян синъяс?
615:Latinisation in the Soviet Union
363:; the other regional variety is
296:
180:
167:
27:Uralic language spoken in Russia
3036:. Routledge. pp. 249–275.
2889:Everson, Michael (2012-04-26).
2701:Myjla vośsaöś pyr tijan śinjas?
939:word-initially and after vowels
912:word-initially and after vowels
389:It was formerly written in the
4185:Languages with official status
3889:of the language on their left.
3136:Books in Komi-Permyak language
2689:Lovja dźoridźyś myj burys śurö
2664:Эзысь лысваöн дзирдалысь асыв.
1810:Non-palatalizing form of "е".
1:
3122:Books in Komi-Zyrian language
2683:Una śylankyv tatyś mi kyvlim,
2661:Сöмын мыйлакö пыр медся матыс
2655:Эмöсь лунвылын мичаджык муяс,
2081:Consonant phonemes of Zyrian
3146:(interface in Komi-Permyak))
2820:"Komi in Russian Federation"
2771:10.1371/journal.pone.0269648
1866:/a/ after /c, ɟ, ɕ, ʑ, ɲ, ʎ/
1837:/u/ after /c, ɟ, ɕ, ʑ, ɲ, ʎ/
1075:Non-palatalizing form of и.
1069:/i/ after /t, d, s, z, n, l/
1047:/i/ after /c, ɟ, ɕ, ʑ, ɲ, ʎ/
941:/o/ after /c, ɟ, ɕ, ʑ, ɲ, ʎ/
914:/e/ after /c, ɟ, ɕ, ʑ, ɲ, ʎ/
503:remains unchanged in these.
359:(Zyrians). It is one of the
351:
45:
3132:(interface in Komi-Zyrian))
2686:Kodös śiöny raďejtan nyvly.
2658:Сэнi кывтöны визувджык юяс.
639:Komi alphabet (Коми анбур)
491:, resulting in long vowels.
425:(Vychegda), Luz-let, Upper
327:
4444:
3112:Komi Grammar. (in Russian)
2591:
1877:Letters particular to the
596:Principality of Great Perm
525:
345:
39:
4376:
3871:
3392:
3201:
2692:Syly puktyny kudria jurö.
2394:
2372:
2294:
2231:
2148:
2116:
2085:
1719:
1639:
1611:
1508:
1359:
1331:
1303:
1262:
1189:
1116:
1062:
956:
760:
732:
704:
676:
321:
264:
244:
232:
162:Official language in
91:99,609 (2020 census)
37:
3333:Siberian Ingrian Finnish
3204:List of Uralic languages
307:to display the uncommon
3160:(interface in English))
2993:Bartens, Raija (2000).
2850:Encyclopædia Britannica
1917:The Molodtsov alphabet
1763:Same usage as Russian.
1760:небыд пас ("soft sign")
1709:Same usage as Russian.
1706:чорыд пас ("hard sign")
1462:before е, ё, и, ю, я, ь
1417:before е, ё, и, ю, я, ь
1247:before е, ё, и, ю, я, ь
1174:before е, ё, и, ю, я, ь
1014:before е, ё, и, ю, я, ь
818:before е, ё, и, ю, я, ь
2879:Bartens 2000, p. 47-49
559:
544:
370:Komi is spoken in the
266:This article contains
3150:Komi media collection
3117:Komi-language courses
2592:Further information:
550:
535:
464:In Central dialects,
81:, elsewhere in Russia
3239:Northeastern coastal
3066:at Wikimedia Commons
3033:The Uralic Languages
653:Cyrillic (Molodtsov)
417:(Vychegda), Central
18:Komi-Zyryan language
4423:Languages of Russia
4382:Languages of Russia
3956:of federal subjects
3931:Languages of Russia
2867:, pp. 249–250.
2762:2022PLoSO..1769648R
2608:subject-verb-object
2604:subject–object–verb
2461:
2082:
1918:
640:
374:and other parts of
3221:Bjarmian languages
2459:
2080:
1916:
1879:Molodtsov alphabet
1072:чорыд и ("hard i")
1050:небыд и ("soft i")
638:
611:Molodtsov alphabet
560:
545:
421:(Vychegda), Upper
4400:
4399:
4368:
4323:Southern Yukaghir
4316:Northern Yukaghir
3993:
3986:
3897:
3896:
3881:extinct languages
3692:
3691:
3565:Northwestern Mari
3500:
3499:
3062:Media related to
3043:978-1-136-13500-2
2806:(v1.0) . Zenodo.
2557:
2556:
2452:
2451:
2068:
2067:
1875:
1874:
564:Old Permic script
540:, the capital of
391:Old Permic script
361:Permian languages
331:), also known as
305:rendering support
292:
291:
274:rendering support
270:phonetic symbols.
16:(Redirected from
4435:
4418:Permic languages
4360:
4357:Mongolian script
4347:Cyrillic Braille
4325:
4318:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4120:
4113:
4099:
4092:
3989:
3982:
3938:Federal language
3924:
3917:
3910:
3901:
3757:
3743:
3622:
3531:
3410:
3398:
3321:Siberian Finnish
3267:
3195:Uralic languages
3188:
3181:
3174:
3165:
3061:
3047:
3008:
2980:
2979:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2916:
2908:Everson, Michael
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2868:
2862:
2856:
2854:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2816:
2810:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2783:
2773:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2717:
2644:
2583:
2579:is phonetically
2578:
2572:
2568:is phonetically
2567:
2551:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2462:
2446:
2433:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2384:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2304:
2288:
2281:
2270:
2259:
2252:
2241:
2227:
2220:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2188:
2181:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2142:
2133:
2126:
2083:
1919:
1849:
1820:
1798:
1772:
1744:
1732:
1716:
1690:
1664:
1652:
1636:
1624:
1585:
1559:
1533:
1521:
1505:
1493:
1474:
1461:
1453:
1429:
1416:
1408:
1384:
1372:
1356:
1344:
1328:
1316:
1300:
1281:
1259:
1246:
1238:
1214:
1202:
1186:
1173:
1165:
1141:
1129:
1113:
1101:
1082:
1059:
1045:
1026:
1013:
1005:
981:
969:
953:
910:
880:
861:
849:
830:
817:
809:
785:
773:
757:
745:
729:
717:
701:
689:
673:
641:
607:Russian alphabet
581:
517:
509:
502:
490:
486:
479:
475:
471:
467:
460:
452:
448:
354:
348:
347:
330:
324:
323:
300:
249:
237:
228:
212:
205:
186:
184:
183:
173:
171:
170:
140:
101:
48:
42:
41:
30:
21:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4372:
4330:
4321:
4314:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4245:
4240:Southern Khanty
4238:
4233:Northern Khanty
4231:
4180:
4116:
4109:
4095:
4088:
4054:Karachay-Balkar
3955:
3954:State languages
3949:
3933:
3928:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3867:
3861:Proto-Samoyedic
3829:
3797:
3751:
3737:
3688:
3644:Southern Khanty
3639:Northern Khanty
3620:
3602:
3569:
3541:
3521:
3519:Shoksha dialect
3496:
3460:
3399:
3390:
3345:Karelian proper
3261:
3206:
3197:
3192:
3054:
3044:
3029:
3014:Feďuňova, G.V.
3005:
2992:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2976:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2947:
2945:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2923:
2921:
2914:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2893:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2878:
2871:
2863:
2859:
2845:"Komi language"
2843:
2842:
2838:
2828:
2826:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2801:
2797:
2756:(6): e0269648.
2743:
2742:
2738:
2729:
2727:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2642:
2620:
2596:
2590:
2457:
2429:
2400:
2334:
2300:
2266:
2237:
2193:
2154:
2100:
2078:
2073:
1865:
1847:
1836:
1818:
1770:
1742:
1714:
1688:
1662:
1634:
1583:
1557:
1531:
1503:
1472:
1454:
1443:
1427:
1409:
1398:
1382:
1354:
1326:
1298:
1257:
1239:
1228:
1212:
1184:
1166:
1155:
1139:
1111:
1080:
1057:
1046:
1024:
1006:
995:
979:
951:
940:
913:
911:
900:
859:
828:
810:
799:
783:
755:
727:
699:
671:
579:
568:Stephen of Perm
530:
524:
407:
399:Cyrillic script
395:Stephen of Perm
314:
313:
312:
301:
272:Without proper
260:
259:
240:
224:
208:
201:
181:
179:
168:
166:
163:
156:Official status
141:
136:
130:
102:
99:Language family
97:
88:
87:Native speakers
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4441:
4439:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4405:
4404:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4319:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4287:Southern Mansi
4283:
4276:
4269:
4266:Northern Mansi
4257:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4247:Eastern Khanty
4243:
4236:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4114:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4093:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3991:Southern Altai
3987:
3984:Northern Altai
3975:
3970:
3965:
3959:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3904:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3883:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3745:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:Southern Mansi
3677:
3670:
3663:
3661:Northern Mansi
3653:
3652:
3651:
3649:Eastern Khanty
3646:
3641:
3630:
3628:
3619:
3618:
3612:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3510:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3424:
3416:
3414:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3268:
3256:
3251:
3244:South Estonian
3241:
3236:
3224:
3216:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3147:
3133:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3068:
3067:
3053:
3052:External links
3050:
3049:
3048:
3042:
3027:
3016:Önija komi kyv
3012:
3009:
3003:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2974:
2954:
2943:www.studmed.ru
2930:
2910:(2012-04-26).
2899:
2881:
2869:
2857:
2836:
2811:
2795:
2736:
2725:rosstat.gov.ru
2711:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2676:
2675:
2648:
2647:
2630:"Kačaśinjas" (
2619:
2616:
2589:
2586:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2545:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2416:
2414:
2407:
2405:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2378:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2305:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2282:
2275:
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2271:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2136:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2033:
2030:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1775:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1685:
1684:
1683:In loanwords.
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1604:In loanwords.
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1580:
1579:
1578:In loanwords.
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1554:
1553:
1552:In loanwords.
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1285:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1015:
997:
992:
986:
983:
976:
975:
973:
970:
961:
958:
955:
948:
947:
945:
942:
937:
931:
928:
925:
921:
920:
918:
915:
902:
897:
894:
891:
887:
886:
884:
881:
872:
869:
866:
863:
856:
855:
853:
850:
841:
838:
835:
832:
825:
824:
822:
819:
801:
796:
790:
787:
780:
779:
777:
774:
765:
762:
759:
752:
751:
749:
746:
737:
734:
731:
724:
723:
721:
718:
709:
706:
703:
696:
695:
693:
690:
681:
678:
675:
668:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
650:
647:
528:Komi alphabets
526:Main article:
523:
522:Writing system
520:
493:
492:
481:
462:
406:
403:
352:zyran komi kyv
346:зыран коми кыв
302:
295:
294:
293:
290:
289:
276:, you may see
262:
261:
251:
250:
242:
241:
238:
230:
229:
222:
214:
213:
206:
198:
197:
196:Language codes
193:
192:
191:
190:
164:
161:
158:
157:
153:
152:
142:
138:Writing system
135:
132:
131:
129:
128:
127:
126:
125:
124:
105:
103:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
64:
60:
59:
54:
53:Native to
50:
49:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4440:
4429:
4428:Komi Republic
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4413:Komi language
4411:
4410:
4408:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4367:
4366:Kalmyk script
4363:
4362:Buryat script
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:Eastern Mansi
4277:
4274:
4273:Western Mansi
4270:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4119:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4029:Crimean Tatar
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3925:
3920:
3918:
3913:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3888:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3834:Reconstructed
3832:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3775:
3774:Tundra Nenets
3772:
3770:
3769:Forest Nenets
3767:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3758:
3755:
3750:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3674:Eastern Mansi
3671:
3669:
3668:
3667:Western Mansi
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3397:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3233:Laiuse Romani
3230:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3159:
3158:Komi Republic
3155:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3144:Komi Republic
3141:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3130:Komi Republic
3127:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3080:Komi Republic
3077:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3064:Komi language
3060:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3028:
3025:
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3004:952-5150-55-0
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2975:9781402012983
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2028:
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2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
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1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
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1982:
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1079:
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1074:
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1068:
1065:
1056:
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1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
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1003:
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993:
991:
987:
984:
978:
977:
974:
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938:
936:
932:
929:
926:
923:
922:
919:
916:
908:
903:
898:
895:
892:
889:
888:
885:
882:
878:
873:
870:
867:
864:
858:
857:
854:
851:
847:
842:
839:
836:
833:
827:
826:
823:
820:
815:
807:
802:
797:
795:
791:
788:
782:
781:
778:
775:
771:
766:
763:
754:
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750:
747:
743:
738:
735:
726:
725:
722:
719:
715:
710:
707:
698:
697:
694:
691:
687:
682:
679:
670:
669:
665:
662:
659:
656:
654:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
636:
634:
632:
627:
625:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
598:and parts of
597:
593:
589:
585:
577:
573:
569:
565:
558:
557:Komi Republic
554:
549:
543:
542:Komi Republic
539:
534:
529:
521:
519:
513:
510:, which have
504:
498:
482:
463:
456:
455:
454:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
404:
402:
400:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:Komi Republic
368:
366:
362:
358:
353:
342:
338:
334:
329:
318:
310:
306:
303:You may need
299:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
269:
263:
258:
255:
248:
243:
236:
231:
227:
223:
221:
220:
215:
211:
207:
204:
199:
194:
189:
188:Komi Republic
178:
177:
176:
165:
159:
154:
150:
146:
143:
139:
133:
123:
120:
119:
118:
115:
114:
113:
110:
109:
108:
104:
100:
94:
90:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
67:Komi Republic
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
47:
36:
31:
19:
4352:Latin script
4255:Komi-Permyak
4063:
3876:
3851:Proto-Finnic
3841:Proto-Uralic
3822:
3815:
3808:
3790:
3747:
3733:
3726:
3717:
3710:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3593:Komi-Permyak
3582:
3465:Western Sámi
3438:
3431:
3419:
3413:Eastern Sámi
3376:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3231:
3219:
3032:
3015:
2994:
2987:Bibliography
2968:. Springer.
2964:
2957:
2946:. Retrieved
2942:
2933:
2922:. Retrieved
2918:
2902:
2884:
2860:
2848:
2839:
2827:. Retrieved
2823:
2814:
2803:
2798:
2753:
2749:
2739:
2728:. Retrieved
2724:
2715:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2670:Катшасинъяс,
2669:
2667:Катшасинъяс,
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2649:
2641:
2636:
2621:
2601:
2597:
2594:Komi grammar
2562:The phoneme
2561:
2558:
1876:
1860:
1831:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1437:
1392:
1288:
1282:
1270:
1264:
1222:
1149:
989:
934:
793:
629:
622:
619:Latin script
604:
587:
583:
561:
505:
494:
408:
388:
369:
365:Komi-Permyak
340:
336:
332:
316:
315:
265:
217:
121:
4141:Yakut/Sakha
4004:Azerbaijani
3817:Meshcherian
3752: [
3738: [
3560:Meadow Mari
3522: [
3262: [
3098:languages))
2919:unicode.org
2698:Kačaśinjas,
2695:Kačaśinjas,
2618:Sample text
2396:Approximant
663:Letter name
468:changed to
393:created by
341:Komi-Zyryan
280:instead of
122:Komi-Zyrian
33:Komi-Zyrian
4407:Categories
3856:Proto-Sámi
3588:Komi-Yazva
2948:2023-09-02
2924:2022-07-10
2865:Riese 2015
2824:UNESCO WAL
2730:2023-01-03
2076:Consonants
600:Bjarmaland
580:𐍐𐍝𐍑𐍣𐍠
151:(formerly)
149:Old Permic
4176:Ukrainian
4146:Tabasaran
4044:Kabardian
3887:varieties
3879:indicate
3698:Samoyedic
3616:Hungarian
3555:Hill Mari
3506:Mordvinic
3378:Krevinian
3316:Meänkieli
3306:Fingelska
3154:Syktyvkar
3140:Syktyvkar
3126:Syktyvkar
3076:Syktyvkar
2628:folk song
2302:voiceless
2296:Fricative
2239:voiceless
2233:Affricate
2156:voiceless
2071:Phonology
1806:"open e"
1289:"open o"
1104:дженьыд и
649:Cyrillic
586:" & "
538:Syktyvkar
480:"tongue".
443:Syktyvkar
413:), Lower
219:Glottolog
203:ISO 639-3
75:Permyakia
4342:Cyrillic
4310:Yukaghir
4217:Karelian
4131:Ossetian
3846:homeland
3824:Muromian
3781:Nganasan
3626:Ob-Ugric
3487:Southern
3477:Northern
3362:Livonian
3340:Karelian
3227:Estonian
3086:, Komi,
2790:35675367
2750:PLOS ONE
2101:alveolar
1881:include
1850:
1821:
1773:
1745:
1717:
1691:
1677:/ʃtʃ~ʃː/
1665:
1637:
1586:
1560:
1534:
1506:
1475:
1430:
1385:
1357:
1329:
1301:
1260:
1215:
1187:
1142:
1114:
1083:
1060:
1027:
982:
954:
862:
831:
786:
758:
730:
702:
674:
576:Cyrillic
512:unpacked
405:Dialects
380:Nenetsia
378:such as
328:komi kyv
322:коми кыв
286:Help:IPA
226:komi1268
145:Cyrillic
71:Nenetsia
46:komi kyv
40:коми кыв
4335:Scripts
4212:Finnish
4192:Chukchi
4161:Tsakhur
4105:Mordvin
4024:Chuvash
4019:Chechen
4009:Bashkir
3945:Russian
3877:Italics
3749:Karagas
3384:Kukkuzi
3328:Ingrian
3301:Finnish
3284:Kraasna
2829:22 June
2781:9176854
2758:Bibcode
2645:
2632:Daisies
2612:calques
2588:Grammar
2473:Central
2460:Vowels
2431:central
2402:lateral
2150:Plosive
2106:Palatal
592:Unicode
457:Older *
384:Yamalia
309:Unicode
282:Unicode
79:Yamalia
4300:Selkup
4295:Nenets
4227:Khanty
4222:Kazakh
4207:Evenki
4197:Dolgan
4171:Udmurt
4118:Moksha
4097:Meadow
4079:Lezgin
4059:Khakas
4049:Kalmyk
4039:Ingush
4034:Dargwa
4014:Buryat
3968:Adyghe
3802:Others
3792:Yurats
3786:Selkup
3764:Nenets
3719:Koibal
3634:Khanty
3598:Udmurt
3575:Permic
3537:Moksha
3446:Kildin
3433:Kainuu
3421:Akkala
3212:Finnic
3096:Moksha
3088:Udmurt
3040:
3022:
3001:
2972:
2788:
2778:
2573:, and
2455:Vowels
2336:voiced
2268:voiced
2195:voiced
2094:Dental
2089:Labial
1859:Ja ja
1848:𐍴, 𐍵
1830:Ju ju
1478:Тш тш
933:Jo jo
865:Дз дз
834:Дж дж
666:Notes
516:/jdjt/
508:/dʲtʲ/
497:Khanty
431:Pećöra
427:Sysola
411:Sysola
376:Russia
337:Zyrian
254:UNESCO
185:
175:Russia
172:
112:Permic
107:Uralic
63:Region
57:Russia
4260:Mansi
4166:Tuvan
4156:Tatar
4136:Rutul
4126:Nogai
4111:Erzya
4069:Kumyk
3978:Altai
3973:Aghul
3963:Abaza
3810:Merya
3756:]
3742:]
3735:Taygi
3728:Mator
3712:Kamas
3706:Enets
3656:Mansi
3608:Ugric
3530:]
3514:Erzya
3451:Skolt
3427:Inari
3372:Votic
3355:Ludic
3350:Livvi
3291:Leivu
3277:Ludza
3271:Tartu
3266:]
3259:Mulgi
3092:Erzya
2915:(PDF)
2894:(PDF)
2707:Notes
2624:Anbur
2485:Close
2468:Front
2374:Trill
2118:Nasal
2111:Velar
2099:Post-
1674:Šč šč
899:Je je
871:Dź dź
840:Dž dž
657:Latin
645:Anbur
572:Greek
553:Ukhta
478:/kɯv/
474:/kɯl/
333:Zyran
4305:Veps
4202:Even
4090:Hill
4084:Mari
4064:Komi
3999:Avar
3583:Komi
3547:Mari
3482:Pite
3472:Lule
3440:Kemi
3405:Sámi
3367:Veps
3311:Kven
3254:Võro
3249:Seto
3094:and
3084:Mari
3038:ISBN
3020:ISBN
2999:ISBN
2970:ISBN
2831:2024
2786:PMID
2541:Open
2478:Back
1861:A a
1853:Я я
1832:U u
1824:Ю ю
1800:/ɛ/
1786:E e
1777:Э э
1748:Ь ь
1720:Ы ы
1694:Ъ ъ
1668:Щ щ
1640:Ш ш
1612:Ч ч
1598:/ts/
1589:Ц ц
1563:Х х
1537:Ф ф
1509:У у
1438:Ԏ ԏ
1436:Т т
1433:Т т
1393:Ԍ ԍ
1391:С с
1388:С с
1360:Р р
1332:П п
1304:Ӧ ӧ
1283:/ɔ/
1269:O o
1263:О о
1223:Ԋ ԋ
1221:Н н
1218:Н н
1190:М м
1150:Ԉ ԉ
1148:Л л
1145:Л л
1117:К к
1086:Й й
1063:І і
1030:И и
990:Ԅ ԅ
988:З з
985:З з
957:Ж ж
935:O o
927:Ё ё
893:Е е
794:Ԃ ԃ
792:Ԁ ԁ
789:Д д
761:Г г
733:В в
705:Б б
677:А а
628:and
574:and
562:The
466:/*l/
449:and
435:Iźva
423:Ežva
419:Ežva
415:Ežva
382:and
357:Komi
317:Komi
117:Komi
4151:Tat
4074:Lak
3492:Ume
3456:Ter
2776:PMC
2766:doi
2634:).
2576:/a/
2565:/ɨ/
2513:Mid
2286:d͡ʑ
2279:d͡ʒ
2257:t͡ɕ
2250:t͡ʃ
2062:Ы ы
2059:Щ щ
2056:Ш ш
2053:Ч ч
2050:Ц ц
2047:Х х
2044:Ф ф
2041:У у
2032:Т т
2023:С с
2016:Р р
2013:П п
2010:Ӧ ӧ
2007:О о
1998:Н н
1995:М м
1986:Л л
1983:К к
1974:І і
1955:З з
1952:Җ җ
1949:Ж ж
1946:Е е
1931:Г г
1928:В в
1925:Б б
1922:А а
1783:Ее
1757:/ʲ/
1723:Y y
1643:Š š
1615:Ć ć
1595:C c
1572:/x/
1569:H h
1546:/f/
1543:F f
1512:U u
1496:тше
1484:Č č
1481:Щ щ
1444:Ť ť
1442:T t
1399:Ś ś
1397:S s
1363:R r
1335:P p
1307:Ö ö
1229:Ń ń
1227:N n
1193:M m
1156:Ľ ľ
1154:L l
1120:K k
1092:J j
1089:Ј ј
1066:I i
1036:I i
996:Ź ź
994:Z z
960:Ž ž
901:E e
883:дзе
868:Ԇ ԇ
852:дже
837:Җ җ
800:Ď ď
798:D d
764:G g
736:V v
708:B b
680:A a
660:IPA
633:, ӧ
626:, і
588:bur
501:/l/
489:/l/
485:/l/
470:/v/
459:/l/
451:/l/
447:/v/
439:Vym
339:or
268:IPA
210:kpv
4409::
4364:,
3754:ru
3740:ru
3528:ru
3526:;
3524:de
3264:et
3156:,
3142:,
3128:,
3090:,
3078:,
2941:.
2917:.
2872:^
2847:.
2822:.
2784:.
2774:.
2764:.
2754:17
2752:.
2748:.
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