864:: Bikpakpaam marriages have evolved along several pillars. The traditional betrothal and exchange marriage types have made way to a more open and unrestricted marriage system. Nonetheless, the customs accompanying these marriages have remained. In the current marriage system, the groom's family farms and contributes severally in the form of dowry to the bride's family. These numerous contributions have now been reduced drastically to just a simple dowry paid to the bride family subject to the financial strength of the groom's family. The bride's family also submits a list of items (clothing, kitchen and household items) to the groom's family to purchase for the bride. In the betrothal system, females at infancy or childhood were betrothed to, sometimes, aged adult men who wait for them to grow for marriage. This practice is outdated and no longer in use because betrothed women who did not like their betrothed husbands deserted the marriage and absconded and sometimes committed suicide. The marriages of today are constructed between individual lovers who after falling into a relationship introduce the prospective spouses to their families for assessment and acceptance. Before marriage, the lady also usually visits the man's home temporary (to study and in turn, be assessed by the man's family) and later, permanently moves to the home when the marriage has been contracted. Christianity has influenced this modern trend in current marriage system among Bikpakpaam.
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and other food crops. This festival is recently attracting public attention. This is an annual event during which there is homecoming for all
Bikpakpaam in the world over to Saboba, their capital. During Ndipondaan, many events, including games, dancing competitions and other cultural rites are revised and performed. Opportunity from this event is used in tracing ancestral lineages of individuals, visits to major Bikpakpaam landmarks, tourism activities and re-union of families. Other educational and sensitization programmes and projects are initiated or delivered during Ndipondaan celebration. Issues that affect Kikpkakpaan are addressed and communities or their representatives advised accordingly. Ndipondaan also serves as a time of mediation of internal differences and settlement of outstanding conflicts. One consistent ritual, however, has been an opening prayer to almighty God, a word of exhortation from the clergy, the performance of libation and sacrifice to ancestors, traditional dance, and the sharing of food and drinks with visitors and relatives. Many Bikpakpaam delicacies, including bisaatom, and sakↄla are prepared and eaten. Pito, the favorite guineacorn drink is also brewed in large quantities and enjoyed by all.
898:, etc. based on the cause of death or status of the deceased. The corpse is bathed by a large number of women, dressed and may be coffined. The corpse (coffined or not) is carried by men on the shoulder or head and one of the traditional priest invokes ancestral spirits to identify the cause of death. The corpse is then sent to the gravesite, which is usually in front of the house for adults and far away from home for kids and adolescents. Causes of death like drowning, bush fires, death in pregnancy, death of a twin all have special rites. Males are buried facing the sunrise (east) to remind them of daybreak and onset of farming activities whilst females face sunset (west) to remind them of end-of-day to do household chores and prepare diner for the whole family. As indicated both burial positions have cultural connotations. A few farewell tributes including the gift of money, valuables and verbal messages are said to the deceased before interment. Kinachung and other funeral rites continue after the burial ceremony.
539:(the earth priest). Ubor is the administrative and judiciary leader of Bikpakpaam communities. The main duties of ubor include (but not limited to) maintaining peace, unity, order, justice and liaise with other chiefs to maintain harmony and settle conflicts and disputes. Utindaan, is an important figure not only among Bikpakpaam, but also among the other tribes of Ghana, especially among ‘Gur’ ethnic groups. This term Utindaan means the keeper of the land, to some and to others, it means the first settler on the land. Literary it means the “land owner.” The utindaan had and continues to have overlordship of an entire settlement, more in the exercise of spiritual duties and powers over the place. Ubor and utindaan work together to sell or apportion land to individuals. Historically, the earth priest
933:(a soothsayer) consults the deceased as well the ancestors of the deceased to speak to the relatives about the cause of their death and other family/communal issues that need spiritual redress. Kinachung and other dances are performed over the entire likpuul program. Additional rites like the widowhood and orphan hood rites as well as inheritance are usually performed in the last few days of likpuul. Christianity has influenced all these funeral rites simplified and reduced to a burial church service in 3 days (men) or 4 days (women). At the bereaved family's discretion, a date is set aside for the final funeral rite. Usually there is wake keeping on Friday, a funeral church service on Saturday and a thanksgiving church service on Sunday marking the end of the funeral.
815:: Bikpakpaam believe the name one bears influences his/her life. Good names bring success and prosperity to a person. As such, great care is taken in choosing names for children. Bikpakpaam naming world is vast as it incorporates all categories of names-circumstantial, positional, proverbial, ironical and rhetoric as well as flora and fauna names etc. Some of the names given to children are indicative of special event(s) associated with a child's birth or inspired by special thought or wishes by relations. Names among Bikpakpaan can also be proverbial or insinuative in response to surrounding situations and/or circumstances or conveying a message to neighbors/relatives. This rich naming system render Bikpakpaam names very unique and attractive in appellation.
713:: The core values of Bikpakpaam include: bravery, hard work, determination, generosity, hospitality, courage, and collectivism, love of family life and support for family members. This hard working attribute evolved as a component of their culture which requires every adolescent to work hard enough to plow their own farm land and that of their parents in the same season in order to become economically independent and raise their own families. In their hay days, typical Bikpakpaam farmers will plow their own yam farm manually, boasting of 15,000–20,000 yam mounds yearly. This is evident in the fact that Bikpakpaam are the major yam producers in Ghana and Togo. In Ghana, Bikpakpaam are proud to feed the nation and even export yam through the
688:: Bikpakpaam inheritance is patrilineal. Every child of Kikpakpaan belongs to the father's lineage and will inherit properties of his/her father. The patrilineal inheritance, however, shows great reverence and respect to the maternal relationships, which is mainly seen and used as a second home for the child and also as a place of asylum in times of patrilineal hostilities. Mothers and children also use the maternal families as a prolific ground for investments. The paternal family pays great homage to the maternal family by plowing one of their fields into farmland every year for free. In addition, the maternal families are entitled to a lavish and honorable parent-in-law funeral sponsored by the paternal family.
678:: Bikpakpaam are friendly and welcoming people. Renowned for their hospitality, a typical Bikpakpaam family will take in visitors, offer them water to drink, and slaughter a domestic bird or small ruminant to prepare a meal for the visitor. They make visitors feel at home and part of their family. They also give souvenirs and livestock for keeping to their visitors. Bikpakpaam relate cordially with their neighbors and show great respect to everyone without discrimination. They often treat visitors or guests better than they treat themselves. Bikpakpaam boast of a rich diversity of art works and traditional costumes. The art work and colorful and fancy indigenous costumes of traditional dances
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seen
Banyubala: They do not boast Bilinsun: They have forgotten what they said Nkumpoi: Death is stubborn Tabime: Do not denigrate me Biyakakumi: If only they spare my life Ulanja: “jovial” Iwunliin: Destiny Ujakpa: “strong like a shark” Wumborti: God's gift Wumborbe: God lives Nsimbaan: One blood
881:: Bikpakpaam traditionally bury their dead within a maximum of 24 hours post death (aside the recent introduction of keeping corpses in the morgue and burial with coffin). When a person, whether a child or an adult dies, messages such as verbal, horn/flute sound and explosive gunpowder (for older people) are sent to neighbors in the surrounding communities and to relatives far and near. For adult men and women (married and having children),
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596:(young chief). Unachiponbor coordinates and promotes peace, unity and communalism among the youth. He ensures that all young men and women get adequate support from other youth during marriage ceremonies, He also leads the young men to plow farmlands for parents-in-law (as part of dowry) in the form of communal labor. Unachiponbor also leads his fellow youth to dig the grave of a parent-in-law, and offer a befitting
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the language. Bikpakpaam are an aboriginal people of northern Ghana. Rattray (1932) talks of
Bikpakpaam as an important ethnic grouping in the northern territories of Ghana. Maasole (2006) also described Bikpakpaam as, ‘aboriginal’ people of Northern Ghana. Before the arrival of many other ethnic groups in the northern regions of Ghana in the 1400s and 1500s, Bikpakpaam were already settled in the area. Visit
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848:: Since the pre-colonial era, many Bikpakpaam families live together in their traditional family houses. When the young men and women are grown and get married they leave the family house to establish their own families. The houses are made of round or rectangular rooms built, from laterite (clay) and roofed with thatch. Bikpakpaam women boast of invention of the traditional paint known as
589:. KOYA functions mainly in uniting Bikpakpaam, promoting peace and development among Bikpakpaam, educating Bikpakpaam on the importance of education and also on the need to do away with outdated cultural practices. KOYA also mediate inter and intra-tribal conflict resolution. KOYA has many branches across Bikpakpaam settlements in Ghana and foreign branches in U.S.A. and United Kingdom.
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904:: Bikpakpaam have two main forms of funeral rites. Just as the burial rites, these are also primed on the cause of death and status of the deceased. There is a three days (males) or four days (females) post-burial funeral rite during which the clothes of the deceased are washed by female relatives. This is seen as a minor event. The first funeral rite is called
929:. Just like Lisaachↄng, likpuul involves convergence of relatives and sympathizers. The Bikpakpaam pito drinks are prepared and served, and many animals (more than during the lisaachↄng) are slaughtered to cater for the masses of funeral attendants. This usually takes 5-7days and is performed for an accumulated number of deceased people. On the 3rd day,
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were distant and hostile. There was little, if any, mixing by marriage. Part of the oral history of the creation of Dagbon suggests that the
Dagombas conquered Bikpakpaam when they moved into the eastern part of the Northern Region. Bikpakpaam however have vehemently and consistently refused the claim that they were in the battle against
571:, a chief priest, council of elders, foot soldiers, body guards and servants. Ubor is the head and chief executive officer of kinakok. Kinakok also serves as a traditional court yard for settlement of conflicts and disputes. Fines are often imposed on guilty individuals for a peaceful settlement of conflicts and disputes. Culturally
717:. In addition to yam farming, Bikpakpaam farmers also boast of maize, guinea corn, and millet and rice farms. Bikpakpaam women care for the men as they plow the fields, but also plow their own fields where they grow mainly vegetables and legumes (groundnuts, and beans). Women also gather fruits for economic gain namely
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birth of the child. A male poultry indicates the child is a male child and vice versa. The essence of this gift is to start an investment for he child's future. Few days-weeks later a special day is set aside to name the child, amidst merry making (eating, drinking, singing, and dancing…..).The
Konkombas people
518:. The Konkomba have often insisted that they voluntarily moved away, in search for fertile lands and greener pastures for their livestock, when Dagombas arrived. David Tait (1964) quotes an elder of Bikpakpaam as saying "When we were growing up and met our fathers, they told us they (our forefathers) stayed in
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African sub-region. Indeed, Maasole intimates that
Bikpakpaam have always been on the move, in search for fertile farmlands. Most Konkombas are actively in education today and a recent research projects that Konkombas will become a dominant force in politics, health, education and the civil society by 2025.
749:” made with beans flour, millet and a combination of many other foods. In their quest to achieve a balanced diet, the forefathers of Bikpakpaam discovered a wide range of healthy vegetables; some of which are indigenous but others are well known and common in other areas. These include but not limited to: “
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Culturally, the mother's parents/family choose the name given to the 1st born of every woman and the man's parents/family, or the husband and wife choose the name given to subsequent children based on mutual consent. When a child is born, a fowl is sent to the woman's family as a gift to announce the
721:, which have a diversified use. Bikpakpaam women are also excellent in harvest and post harvest processing and marketing of foodstuff. Gathering of firewood and charcoal production for both domestic and commercial use are integral part of Bikpakpaam women duties. The brewing of a local drink known as
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There is also the belief among the
Bikpakpaam that God created every person and it is God alone who can direct the trajectory of life of the individual or determine his or her life span. If one has not completed the assigned purpose for him or her on earth, God would never take him back i.e. God will
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that
Konkomba people are the 8th largest Ethnic group in Ghana representing 3.5% of the Total population of Ghana. Saboba (Chabob) in the Northern Region of Ghana is the capital town of all Bikpakpaam in Ghana. Bikpakpaam are also found in the republic of Togo, a sister West African country to Ghana.
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Dana and Dawon: Males twins Pona and Powon: Female twins Nakoja: Male born after twins Nakol: Female born after twins Napari: Second born after twins (both male and female) Sanja: Male born on the road during a
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popularly known as pito is a natural gift and preserve of women. Animal rearing is also practiced by
Bikpakpaam for domestic consumption and commercial purposes. Such animals include birds (fowls, guinea fowls, ducks, and doves), ruminants (mainly goats, sheep, and cattle) and pigs. In recent times,
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Tanamwir: Our
Kingdom is great Wumborja: The Lord our defense N-Muanbindo: There is joy in my house Barkei: “patience” Ndonbi: I am thankful to them Wumborgnan: God is good Wumborkan: God has
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is a delicious traditional beer brewed from scratch using organic guinea corn with natural ingredients and no artificial flavors and no preservatives. Pito is brewed fermented or non-fermented. The fermented Pito is excellent for “happy hour”, funerals, parties and other celebrations. Non-fermented
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The Konkomba natively refer to themselves as Bikpakpaam (plural form) and to their language as Likpakpaln. A male member of the tribe is denoted as ukpakpaanja while a female takes ukpakpaanpii. However, the anglicized form, ‘Konkomba’ has been the term commonly used to refer to both the people and
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are less celebrated today due to foreign cultural influences and modernity. Currently, efforts are underway to revive and bring back the celebration of these festivals. Ndipondaan festival is celebrated by Bikpakpaam to thank almighty God, ancestors and the gods for a bumper harvest of guinea corn
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According to Martin (1976), the Dagombas pushed back the Konkomba and established divisional chiefs among them. The main towns had the character of outposts, strategically located on the east bank of the River Oti but Bikpakpaam were by no means assimilated. Relations between them and the Dagombas
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is prepared for all but a plate of the meal is served and left in the room of the deceased person overnight to feed and calm his/her spirit, which otherwise is believed will pester the living by scavenging the kitchen for food every night. For hospitality, many other animals can be slaughtered,
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Bikpakpaam believe that there are evil spirits which torment people in the form of sickness, poverty, conflicts, drought, still births, deformities, deaths, mental disorders etc. They also believe in the existence of counter spirits (good ones), which counteract the attacks of the evil spirits.
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Until the turn of the 21st century, their primary occupation was farming and animal husbandry. In occupational terms, Bikpakpaam are mainly subsistence farmers and rearers of animals such as poultry, small ruminants and cattle. This, probably, explains their scattered settlement across the West
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are a few examples of administrative districts where Bikpakpaam are seen in huge populations. Other key districts where Bikpakpaam are in Ghana are Atebubu, Kintampo, Techiman and Yeji in the Brong Ahafo Region. According to the Act 280 of the Anatomy act of Ghana, the Konkomba people (known as
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The origin of Bikpakpaam has been a subject of research for a long time now. It is on record that Bikpakpaam settled more widely in the eastern corridor before the arrival of many other ethnic groups in the northern regions of Ghana in the 1400s and 1500s,. Bikpakpaam then migrated into other
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a.k.a. Likpakpaln. The traditional dance of Konkomba people is Kinachunŋ (pronounced k-i-naa-chung). All Konkomba settlements are led by a traditional chief called Ubor. In Bikpakpaam dominant areas, the people have instituted or established their own chieftains who serve as overlords of the
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Bikpakpaam reside mainly in the Kara, Central and Plateaux Regions. Guerin Kouka (a.k.a. Nanguem Do, the capital of Dankpen district) in the Kara Region is the capital town of Bikpakpaam in Togo. Dankpen district is located in the north western corridor of Togo. In Schwartz's (2005) account,
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In modern days, the duties of ubor have been extended. Ubor is the mouth piece of the people, giving authorization and approval for development activities. Ubor works hand-in-hand with the political, non-governmental, and religious leaders to ensure the welfare and development of the entire
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liwul (flute), kibeek (guitar), ligangaln (drum), kiwujabik (type of flute), lidabuln (type of drum) and ukpiihn (horn). Cultural costumes include unaa (decorated horns), tangana (traditional cloth), tanbena (dancing cloth decorated with beads and pearls), tibaan (jingles) etc., Household
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some farmers have delved into guinea pig, grasscutter and rabbit farming for commercial purposes. Bikpakpaam farmers also now boast of large plantations of fruit trees, mainly mango and cashew trees. The practice of collective solidarity in the form of communal labor termed as
908:(literally -putting food on table) is performed for only adults. It is characterized by converging of relatives, neighbors and sympathizers at the funeral grounds to serve food to the spirit of the dead. A four-legged animal (usually a cow) is slaughtered and a sumptuous meal
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depicts hardwork, unity and collaboration among Bikpakpaam communities. Here, individuals seek help from the entire community to meet labour needs (farming, construction and other forms of work) and this occurs in turns. Bikpakpaam are swift, brave and security conscious.
871:. Formerly, a typical ukpakpanja could marry more than one wife, depending on his social and financial strength. Now due to Christianity, economic hardship, rivalry and modernity, the polygamy is fading out and most men now marry just one wife and a maximum of two except
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until the Dagombas advanced further east with their expansion and pushed them further away with the support of the colonial masters. Fynn (1971) asserts 'we know that the ancestors of the Dagombas met a people akin to the Konkomba already living in northern Ghana’.
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commute Sanpu: Female born on the road during a commute Jabaab: Male twin whose twin brother/sister dies before the naming ceremony. Pibaab: Female twin whose twin brother/sister dies before the naming ceremony
582:, a clan head. The position of uninkpel is almost invariably reserved for the most elderly man of a clan. Each Bikpakpaam clan has an uninkpel who also oversees the affairs of his clan. Uninkpel and utindaan work hand-in-hand and report to ubor who is the boss.
661:. They are of the view that these ancestral spirits take vengeance on enemies, protects the rest of the family and care for the general well being of the surviving relations. They, thence, pour libation and perform sacrifices to appease the ancestral spirits.
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always accompanies the burial services. Infants, children and adolescents receive a similar burial without kinachung and, many a time, without a coffin. The deceased is laid in state and burial rites are performed. There is mourning
672:. As such, Saboba and other Bikpakpaam localities are home to many denominational churches including the Catholic Church, Orthodox, Pentecostal and Charismatic churches. About 5% or less of Bikpakpaam are Muslims.
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made from Dawadawa fruit pod and used for painting and decorating interior of rooms. Post-colonial developments led to the introduction of cemented brick and block and cemented houses, roofed with zinc sheets.
559:) is the first point of call for any government agency or development partner visiting the community for development or any other purpose. Kinakok is a highly respected and prestigious office having a linguist
875:(chiefs) who still marry many wives betrothed onto them by clans and well wishers. In a typical Bikpakpaam community today, one may still find cases where a woman may marry a relative of her deceased husband.
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territories in the first half of twentieth century, partly occasioned by colonial pressures and partly in search of fertile farmlands. This opened the door for other tribes to enter and occupy their lands.
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with the Kabre and Bikwom. The Dagombas at the time lived mainly in Tamale and Kumbungu from where they rose, mounted their horses and moved towards Yendi". We saw the horses and had to move further east.
428:, Chereponi and Nanumba Districts, Gushiegu and Karaga districts, East Mamprusi, Yunyoo-Nasuan, Zabzugu and Tatale-Sanguli districts in the Northern Region and the Nkwanta North and South Districts in the
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dances are performed. During these dances, food and drinks (Pito, soda, tea....) are served to all visitors and accommodation provided where need be. The last and final funeral rite is what is termed
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The 2010 census data indicates that Bikpakpaam in Ghana number 823,000 and applying the intercensal growth rate would give a population of more than one million now. CIA The World Factbook reports in
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Nimoar: Happiness Nsanyaan: The good way Nignan: It is good Kajah: Born under a shed or summer hut Bindan: They should come
694:: Bikpakpaam are clever and innovative in their traditional settings. Inventions by the forefathers of Bikpakpaam include farm implements/tools, musical instruments, hunting tools/weapons such as
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David Tait (1964): The Konkomba of Northern Ghana. London: Oxford University Press. Published for the International African Institute and the University of Ghana by the Oxford University Press
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gives each individual his own destiny and no one has powers to change his or her own destiny or the destiny of another person. God the creator is the only one who knows one's destiny.
510:. The newcomers pushed back Bikpakpaam and established divisions among them. Despite the assertion of suzerainty, Dagombas seem never to have exercised close control over Bikpakpaam.
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Maasole, S. C. 2006. The Konkomba and their Neighbours from the pre-European period to 1914: A study in inter-ethnic relations in Northern Ghana. Accra: Ghana Universities Press.
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Maasole, S. C. 2006. The Konkomba and their Neighbours from the pre-European period to 1914: A study in inter-ethnic relations in Northern Ghana. Accra: Ghana Universities Press.
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not let the person die, but if it happens, God will let the person reincarnate to complete the assignment. Such reincarnated persons have special identifiable names such as
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Acedo-Carmona, C. and A. Gomila, Deciding to Cooperate in Northern Ghana: Trust as an Evolutionary Constraint Across Cultural Diversity. Span J Psychol, 2015. 18: p. E91.
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400:). Others include: Linankpel (Nankpantiib), Likpalil (Bikpalib), Linandeln (Binandim), Lisagmaln (Sagmantiib), and Linalol (Binalob). The majority also speak French.
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Bikpakpaam number about 50,100 in Togo. The 2011 census in Togo indicates however that the total population of Bikpakpaam in Dankpen district alone was 122,209.
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Bikpakpaam beliefs are fading out and giving way to Christianity and Islam. Most Bikpakpaam of post-colonial era have embraced Christianity and believe in the
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Bikpakpaam pre-colonial political organization was centered on districts inhabited by clans whose status and autonomy were represented through the presence of
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controls all things and delegates power to other smaller gods and spirit beings under Him to take care of prescribed creatures. Bikpakpaam also believe that
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settlements. For instance, the Saboba area has the Uchabob-bor as the overlord. Bikpakpaam strongly believe in solidarity, determination and hard-work.
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yam, cassava, potato and grains like maize, millet, guinea corn, “ipui”, and rice, sesame seeds (“kpaka” and “jam-jam”) melon seeds (“inabe” and “keer”)
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943:(literally meaning; new guineacorn drink) Festival is currently the most widely celebrated festival among Bikpakpaam. Others like the fire festival
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The history of where Bikpakpaam came from to settle in Ghana is not well known. What is known, however, is that Bikpakpaam occupied the area called
737:: Bikpakpaam eat what they grow/farm/rear. Bikpakpaam foods are very healthy and reflect in their healthy conditions. Their staple foods include “
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Brukum N.J.K, 2001: The Guinea Fowl, Mango and Pito Wars: Episodes in the history of Northern Ghana, 1980–1999. Accra, Ghana Universities Press.
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Banyubala, D.N., Posthumous Organ Retention and Use in Ghana: Regulating Individual, Familial and Societal Interests. Health Care Anal, 2014
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502:, under Ndewura Jakpa, defeated Dagombas under Ya Na Dariziogo and compelled the latter to abandon their capital (currently believed to be
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has many dialects which can be classified (but not limited) into 5 main groups: Lichabol, Ligbeln, Likoonli, Limonkpeln and Linafeel (see
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797:” (spinach) and many more. These vegetables are used to prepare soup, stews or as sides in combination with the staple foods.
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including cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and fowls and food (bisatom) is served to all visitors and sympathizers. Night and day
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925:(funeral proper). This can be after a few days or weeks or months for a kid or after several years for adults, especially
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Pito is consumed as a beverage for various purposes. The rich diversity of Bikpakpaam foods can also boast of tubers like
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make Saboba and other Bikpakpaam settlements and environs a thrilling and rewarding tourist destination to explore.
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utensils/detergents include libuul (clay coolers), nkin (clay pot), sagbo (jar), kiyiik (calabash), bukpakpaankiib
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611:: The Bikpakpaam have many beliefs just as other tribes. Bikpakpaam believe in the existence of a Supreme Being ‘
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Furthermore, Bikpakpaam believe in ancestral spirits (the existence of the spirit of the dead), which they call
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Njindan, Bernard. 2014. Konkomba People in Ghana: A Historical Perspective. Unpublished Manuscript. July, 2014.
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Njindan, Bernard. 2014. Konkomba People in Ghana: A Historical Perspective. Unpublished Manuscript. July, 2014.
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ethnic group residing mainly in the Northern, Brong Ahafo, Volta, Eastern and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana.
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Martinson, H. B. (1995). The Hidden History of Konkomba Wars in Northern Ghana. Ghana: Nyagse Foundation.
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Martinson, H. B. (1995). The Hidden History of Konkomba Wars in Northern Ghana. Ghana: Nyagse Foundation.
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libubul, lipil, kachala, kikpawung, and n-yaam (for painting), tinabin (cow dung) (for plastering houses)
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etc., Their architectural and construction prowess and techniques led to domestic structures like
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506:/Kumbungu areas) and move it to its present site, Yendi, which was then a Bikpakpaam town called
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to learn more (genetic root, alphabets, phonetic...) about the Likpakpaln (Konkomba language).
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Rattray, R. S. (1932). The Tribes of the Ashanti Hinterlands, 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
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Traditional African Religion (about 50%), Christianity (about 45%) and Islam (about 5%).
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The developmental social structure of Bikpakpaam boast of youth leadership known as
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Bikpakpaam) are the second largest ethnic group in the Northern Region of Ghana.
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Another prominent phenomenon that is waning in Bikpakpaam marriage system is
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is polygamous because many women are betrothed onto him from various clans.
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The ingenious, original and authentic Bikpakpaam drink is called “Pito”.
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Bikpakpaam also have a leader for the youth and young adults called
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745:” commonly known in Ghana as “fufu” made with pounded yam, “
535:(chief) and an earth-shrine tendered by a religious leader,
719:
shea nuts (used to make shea butter) and dawadawa fruits
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who is upheld as the uncreated creator of everything.
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According to narratives by elders of Kikpakpaan, the
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137:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
256:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
680:(kinachung, njeem, ichaa, tibaln, nbanba etc.)
578:Next to the authority of the utindaan was the
2136:
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1115:
823:Examples of Konkomba names and their meanings
741:commonly known in Ghana as “tuo zafi” (TZ), “
8:
670:Triune God (the Father, Son and Holy Spirit)
453:for more information. Konkomba people speak
307:
649:(my grandmother), for reincarnated female,
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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715:Konkomba Yam Market in Agbogbloshie, Accra
653:(my grandfather) for a reincarnated male.
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292:Learn how and when to remove this message
197:Learn how and when to remove this message
600:during the funerals of a parent-in-law.
527:Pre-colonial and modern day organization
961:
696:liluul, butom, ilopiin, kakpola, kitaln
543:first settled in the ancient town of
7:
1563:Provisional National Defence Council
857:Some traditional rites of Bikpakpaam
339:Regions with significant populations
334:823,000 in Ghana and 122,209 in Togo
135:adding citations to reliable sources
1553:Armed Forces Revolutionary Council
711:Bravery and hardwork of Bikpakpaam
702:etc. Some musical instruments are
246:for transliterated languages, and
226:of its non-English content, using
14:
977:Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA
777:(English name not identified)”, “
761:(English name not identified)”, “
707:(traditional soap) among others.
587:KOYA (Konkomba Youth Association)
77:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s
34:This article has multiple issues.
2449:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
2220:Democratic Republic of the Congo
785:(English name not identified)”,
739:Bisatom” (literarly, “hot food”)
686:Inheritance among the Bikpakpaam
213:
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23:
781:(English name not identified) “
555:community. The chief's palace (
122:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
262:multilingual support templates
1:
979:. March 1999. Archived from
1538:National Liberation Council
735:Bikpakpaam foods and drinks
692:The Ingenuity of Bikpakpaam
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1533:First Republic (1960–1966)
947:and the new yam festivals
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2205:Central African Republic
1715:Administrative divisions
1548:Ignatius Kutu Acheampong
1432:Gold Coast Euro-Africans
551:in the Northern Region.
90:may contain suggestions.
75:may need to be rewritten
2152:Demographics of Africa
970:"RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE"
643:(a reincarnated female)
466:Origin and ethnogenesis
2553:Ethnic groups in Ghana
1131:Ethnic groups in Ghana
676:Bikpakpaam hospitality
2558:Ethnic groups in Togo
2365:São Tomé and Príncipe
2225:Republic of the Congo
793:”, (bitter leaves), “
636:(a reincarnated male)
438:Demographics of Ghana
16:Ethnic group in Ghana
1882:Water and sanitation
937:Ndinpondaan festival
773:” (baobab leaves), “
769:” (sesame leaves), “
723:ndamam (“red drink”)
365:Greater Accra Region
260:. Knowledge (XXG)'s
224:specify the language
222:This article should
131:improve this article
2439:States with limited
1960:Illegal immigration
1505:Historical timeline
747:likaal/kalaa/tubani
309:
1867:Telecommunications
846:Bikpakpaam Housing
765:” (okra leaves), “
609:Bikpakpaam Beliefs
604:Bikpakpaam Culture
520:Yaan/Chare (Yendi)
479:Origin and history
353:Brong-Ahafo Region
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2240:Equatorial Guinea
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2018:Cultural heritage
1955:Human trafficking
1935:Domestic violence
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1772:Political parties
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789:(kapok leaves), “
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455:Konkomba language
451:Konkomba language
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398:Konkomba language
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264:may also be used.
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146:"Konkomba people"
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79:quality standards
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2522:Tristan da Cunha
2518:Ascension Island
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813:Bikpakpaam names
329:Total population
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1990:Street children
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1675:Protected areas
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809:and many more.
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418:Konkomba people
381:Plateaux Region
349:Northern Region
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308:Konkomba people
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2531:Western Sahara
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2475:Canary Islands
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2063:Social conduct
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1930:Discrimination
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1862:Stock Exchange
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1787:Prime Minister
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1568:Jerry Rawlings
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862:Marriage rites
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377:Central Region
361:Eastern Region
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2280:Guinea-Bissau
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1945:Ethnic groups
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1847:Manufacturing
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1513:Early history
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2380:Sierra Leone
2185:Burkina Faso
2101:Bibliography
1980:Prostitution
1925:Demographics
1827:Central Bank
1745:Human rights
1720:Constitution
1558:Hilla Limann
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129:Please help
124:verification
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2441:recognition
2395:South Sudan
2285:Ivory Coast
1970:Mob justice
1817:Agriculture
1583:John Mahama
1573:John Kufuor
836:Other names
753:” (okra), “
567:, a scribe
545:Kyali/Chare
492:(now Yendi)
489:Kyali/Chare
373:Kara Region
187:August 2023
96:August 2023
2547:Categories
2496:(Portugal)
2454:Somaliland
2375:Seychelles
2340:Mozambique
2325:Mauritania
2310:Madagascar
2265:The Gambia
2200:Cape Verde
2068:Witchcraft
1918:Cybercrime
1777:Parliament
1740:Government
1578:John Mills
1543:Kofi Busia
1528:Gold Coast
1518:Bono state
1274:Ga-Adangbe
1262:Avenor Ewe
1138:Indigenous
990:2020-11-22
956:References
945:(naminsee)
941:Ndipondaan
894:(dirges),
888:(ikpowiil)
767:likpakajul
755:tinyangban
666:indigenous
547:, present
541:(utindaan)
394:Likpakpaln
314:Bikpakpaam
157:newspapers
39:improve it
2330:Mauritius
2028:Festivals
1995:Squatting
1965:Languages
1940:Education
1877:Transport
1782:President
1757:Judiciary
1730:Elections
1665:Mountains
1628:Geography
1609:Political
949:(n-nidak)
915:kinachung
910:(bisatom)
906:Lisaatong
883:kinachung
779:tignaafar
775:kikotumok
659:Bitekpiib
598:kinachung
565:(wunlaan)
388:Languages
88:talk page
45:talk page
2520: /
2516: /
2509:(France)
2503: /
2481: /
2477: /
2430:Zimbabwe
2405:Tanzania
2255:Ethiopia
2250:Eswatini
2230:Djibouti
2195:Cameroon
2180:Botswana
2110:Category
1985:Religion
1975:Polygamy
1908:Abortion
1767:Military
1699:Politics
1685:Wildlife
1604:Economic
1597:By topic
1488:articles
1351:Tallensi
1341:Mamprusi
1321:Konkomba
1311:Karamogo
1306:Jakhanke
1257:Anlo Ewe
1232:Chumburu
927:utindaan
892:ikpolahn
869:polygyny
787:tigbufar
763:timonfar
728:nkpawiin
580:uninkpel
537:utindaan
516:Dagombas
405:Religion
275:May 2019
2505:Réunion
2501:Mayotte
2492:Madeira
2487:(Spain)
2483:Melilla
2415:Tunisia
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2370:Senegal
2355:Nigeria
2345:Namibia
2335:Morocco
2300:Liberia
2295:Lesotho
2245:Eritrea
2215:Comoros
2190:Burundi
2165:Algeria
2087:Outline
2023:Cuisine
2010:Culture
1896:Society
1872:Tourism
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1805:Economy
1725:Cabinet
1660:Forests
1650:Climate
1640:Borders
1496:History
1437:Indians
1427:Chinese
1402:Soninke
1316:Kassena
1301:Gurunsi
1242:Dagomba
1237:Dagaaba
1195:Avatime
1185:Ashanti
923:Likpuul
771:litukal
625:Uwumbor
621:Uwumbor
613:Uwumbor
563:a.k.a.
561:ubonabr
557:kinakok
267:See why
171:scholar
2524:
2507:
2494:
2425:Zambia
2420:Uganda
2360:Rwanda
2315:Malawi
2275:Guinea
2170:Angola
2058:Sports
1950:Health
1852:Mining
1832:Energy
1680:Rivers
1645:Cities
1614:Postal
1486:
1407:Yoruba
1346:Nafana
1331:Kusasi
1269:Frafra
1222:Bimoba
1205:Evalue
1180:Ahanta
1160:Abidji
873:biborb
791:suwaka
759:kijuuk
743:sakɔla
664:These
651:N-yaja
640:Piigri
504:Tamale
500:Gonjas
449:Visit
426:Saboba
420:are a
367:) and
173:
166:
159:
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86:. The
2479:Ceuta
2400:Sudan
2350:Niger
2305:Libya
2290:Kenya
2270:Ghana
2260:Gabon
2235:Egypt
2175:Benin
2094:Index
2038:Music
2033:Media
2000:Women
1913:Crime
1842:Labor
1484:Ghana
1442:Tabom
1422:Arabs
1412:Zarma
1397:Mossi
1387:Hausa
1336:Logba
1326:Krobo
1294:Kyode
1289:Gonja
1284:Efutu
1279:Guang
1247:Dyula
1227:Bissa
1215:Nzema
1210:Fante
1190:Assin
1170:Akyem
1165:Ahafo
1150:Agave
1145:Adele
984:(PDF)
973:(PDF)
896:njeem
850:n-yam
751:imuan
633:Jagri
617:(God)
549:Yendi
508:Chare
345:Ghana
178:JSTOR
164:books
2410:Togo
2320:Mali
2210:Chad
1750:LGBT
1392:Fula
1371:Yeji
1366:Wala
1361:Tshi
1200:Bono
1175:Anyi
1155:Akan
931:ubua
917:and
802:Pito
795:unaa
647:N-ya
573:ubor
533:ubor
443:Togo
416:The
379:and
369:Togo
363:and
231:lang
150:news
1857:Oil
1356:Tem
1252:Ewe
441:In
422:Gur
251:IPA
133:by
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