678:. They featured open platform bays and a cabin. Twenty units were built, with nearly the same specifications. The trams were 6.5 meters (21 ft) long and 2.0 meters (6 ft 7 in) wide. They weighed 6 tonnes (5.9 long tons; 6.6 short tons) and were equipped with two NB80 motors with a combined effect of 12 kilowatts (16 hp). The exception was three units, no. 118 through 120, which had more powerful VBN120 motors, with a combined 36 kilowatts (48 hp). They had seating for sixteen and standing room for twelve. The company also had thirty-two similar trailer units built by Herbrand. One of the trams, no. 117, was a prototype built by Skabo with motors from
467:
557:
686:
384:
330:
282:
1645:
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208:
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those from the competing KSS, would not be able to cope with seeing a tram running without being pulled by a horse. The competitor's labor union proposed that KES used stuffed horses in front of their trams, but the horses soon learned to cope with the autonomous vehicle. At first the trams ran every six minutes, but this proved difficult to operate and it was reduced to an eight-minute
416:
520:
257:(NOK) issued in October 1892, which sold out in a month. A/S Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei was incorporated on 16 December 1892. Heyerdal was appointed chair of the board, a position he held until his death in 1917. Fenger-Krog was hired as managing director. Six companies bid to deliver trams and electrical equipment;
728:
was increased from 180 to 360 centimeters (71 to 142 in), allowing for a lengthening of the body. The first eleven were 9.69 meters (31.8 ft) long, while the rest were 11.47 meters (37.6 ft) long. The first eight units had two D72v motors, giving a combined power output of 72 kilowatts
527:
The issue was considered by the council's executive board, which supported the joint public–private proposal with eleven against nine votes. The argumentation was largely ideological: the left side accused the right for bringing economical advantages for private investors, while the right accused the
462:
and
Frogner to Majorstuen were joint services. The joint services were operated the relative number of trams in proportion of the ownership of trackage along the line and where each company simply kept the revenue it created on their services. The first women conductors were hired in 1916. Ten older
369:
to
Frogener, but they were required to start construction within 1901. When they failed to do this, the municipality instead offered the permit to KES. The company started construction and the first part of the Frogner Line, from Parkveien to Frogner plass, opened in October 1902. That years KES was
203:
to serve his projects. He therefore contacted engineers H. E. Heyerdal and A. Fenger-Krog, the latter who had studied tramways abroad. They sent an application that year to the municipality, at a time when there were no other electric tramways in operation in Europe. However, the application did not
297:
Initially the motormen were to both drive and sell tickets, but this was found to be too much work for one person to do efficiently. Conductors were therefore introduced almost immediately. It turned out that operating a correspondence between the Skøyen Line and the
Briskeby Line at Parkveien did
1418:
A/S Kristiania elektriske sporvei : Lilleakerbanen åpnet 9. mai 1919 overtatt 1924 av A/S Bærumsbanen ; A/S Akersbanene stiftet 7. juni 1917 ; Østensjøbanen, åpnet 18. desember 1923 som opphørte/overtatt 1949 av A/S Bærumsbanen, stiftet 1. mai 1924 som ble overtatt 1971 av A/S Oslo
539:
With the municipalization, most of the assets were transferred to Oslo
Sporveier. The exception was the Lilleaker Line, which was kept by the private company. That part was changed into a new tram company, Bærumsbanen. The street trams were transferred to Oslo Sporveier, although a few were kept
479:
were popular. They were sold with a quantity discount and were commonly used in Oslo as a conventional coin worth 15 øre. During this period the country was experiencing inflation. KES and the labor union could not reach an agreement for wage increases and the company was hit by a strike from 11
429:
Numbered services were introduced in 1909. KES was the first of the two tramways to introduce numbered lines and secured the lowest digits. The
Briskeby Line was numbered 1, the Frogner Line 2 and the Skøyen Line 3. The increased rolling stock allowed most services to run every five minutes from
403:
The power station was upgraded in 1909, cutting the coal usage from 4.0 to 1.3 kilograms (8.8 to 2.9 lb) per kilowatt hour. The company decided, mostly of concern for its employee's wellbeing, to cover up the tram's open platform bays. This was in part sorted out through the purchase of new
289:
Test runs started on 10 January 1894. The official opening of the first Nordic electric tramway took place on 2 March 1894 and ordinary operation commenced the following day. It was the seventh electric tramway to open in Europe. Amongst the concerns in the public debate was that horses, such as
708:
and Skabo. The trams had two GE52 motors with a combined power output of 36 kilowatts (48 hp) and had a total weight of 10.2 tonnes (10.0 long tons; 11.2 short tons). They were 7.8 meters (26 ft) long and were built with open platform bays. Each unit had capacity for twenty seated and
516:. The committees majority proposed a merger and that KSS received a prolonged concession, while the minority recommended that the tramways be bought by the city. A third option, a jointly public and privately owned company, was also proposed, where the municipality would own fifty-one percent.
321:
from
Parkveien to Jernbanetorget. As part of the permit, the municipality bought newly issued shares for NOK 200,000 to become shareholder of a fifth of the company. Work commenced in 1898, which also included moving the tracks from Parkveien to Inkognitogaten and from Bogstadveien to
607:. From Skøyen the Lilleaker Line continued to Jar. The Lilleaker Line is a suburban light rail and runs in its own right-of-way along St. Edmunds vei, Bestumveien and Jonas Dahls vei. The Frogner Line branched from the Skøyen Line at the intersection of Drammensveien and Frognerveiien at
511:
KES and KSS both had concessions which expired on the same date, in March 1924. At this point the municipality was free to purchase the companies at par value. A municipal committee was appointed in 1922 to look into the matter. KES was valuated at NOK 9 million, while KSS was worth
341:
The company gradually expanded its fleet and by 1898 it had taken delivery of twenty-one Class A trams and twelve trailers. A year later a further six trailers were delivered. Jørgen Barth took over as managing director in 1898. The same year the
536:, who both were in favor of a municipal take-over. The new company, Kristiania Sporveier, was incorporated in May 1924 and took over all street tram operations. The city changed its name to Oslo on 1 January 1925, as did the tram company.
642:
The company bought a total 78 motor cars and 66 trailers; 20 of the motorized vehicles were later converted to trailers. The deliveries were from various manufacturers, most of which were German. The sole
Norwegian body manufacturer was
399:
majority in the city council—a party who were opposed to municipal a tramway. Instead the municipality negotiated an agreement, whereby it secured itself four percent of the company's gross revenue, increasing to five percent from 1914.
647:. The trams were of three generations, each with their own class designation. Many of the trams were of the same class as those delivered to KSS. KES's trams were painted blue, hence giving rise to their nickname, the "Blue Tramway".
528:
left of insufficient financial investigations of municipal operations. The issue was voted on in the municipal council in
December, with 43 against 41 councillors supporting the joint model. The latter were members of the
457:
through a connection along
Vognmannsgata, Brugata and Vaterland Bridge. By 1915 the street tram network consisted of thirteen services, of which two were operated by KES and six were joint operations. All services via
374:
on 21 June 1903. There was little investment the following years, although in 1907 and 1908 the company built double track to
Frogner and to Thune. By 1907 the company had an annual revenue of NOK 700,000.
474:
From the company's opening it had charged 10 øre for a ride, but this was raised to 15 øre in 1918, a price which would remain unaltered for the rest of its history. To ease management of such an odd amount,
491:. They applied for a permit in 1913, which was issued in July 1915. KES immediately started construction of the Lilleaker Line. Trial runs were carried out on 8 May 1919 and the line officially opened to
391:
Leading up to the 1909 right of the municipality to buy the tramway, KES was evaluated at NOK 3 million in 1908. The issue was debated in light of the 1899 establishment of the municipal-owned
480:
January to 22 March 1920. It was resolved through the municipality offering to reduce its charges. As part of the agreement, the 5 øre commuter prices in the morning and afternoon were abolished.
166:
trams, for a total 78 motor cars and 66 trailers. Skøyen was reached in 1903. The first part of the Frogner Line opened in 1902, and it was completed in 1914. The Lilleaker Line was built to
564:
KES operated a network consisting of a common line through the city center, three branches, a suburban line and three connections to KSS's network. The street tram network consisted of the
395:
and the 1905 sale of it to KSS. There was no similar high-profile debate about munisipalization in 1908 as there had been in 1905. This was in part because there was by then a strong
430:
1910. KES and KSS reached an agreement in 1912 to coordinate their services better. This first materialized in a connecting line in Hegdehaugsveien, which allowed trams to run from
611:, just after the Skøyen Line and the Briskeby Line split. The Frogner Line runs along Frognerveien to Frogner plass, the original terminus. Since 1914 the line has continued along
404:
rolling stock. The final five Class U trains were delivered in 1909, bringing the total to twent-four. Trams were at the time limited by the belief that they could not have a
302:
on the Skøyen Line to Jernbanetorget. It quickly turned out the company had too few trams and four more were delivered by the end of the year. The Skøyen Line was extended to
242:
had been discouraged by the city engineer, but he later changed his mind after a trip to Germany. The issue was decided upon by the municipal council on 19 May 1892. The
2650:
150:(then known as Kristiania). When it commenced services it was the first electric tramway in Scandinavia. It originally opened the Briskeby Line and the Skøyen Line to
358:
trams in 1899. This was followed by a further five in 1902 and another five in 1905 and 1906. From 1901 KES introduced regular stops instead of stopping on signal.
2645:
2431:
265:
motor trams and five trailers. In June 1893 the contract to lay the tracks was issued to H. W. Wessel. The company applied the municipality to buy power from its
499:, running on an exclusive line rather than in the streets. KES started planning further extensions in 1917 and received permission in 1921 to extend the line to
2635:
438:
to Majorstuen. At Skillebekk a connection was built through Munkedamsveien, allowing the Vestbanen Line access to the Skøyen Line. In conjunction with the
595:
The Briskeby Line branches from the common section to Parkveien, where it took off onto Riddervolds gate and continued along Briskebyveien, Holtegata and
733:
2660:
512:
NOK 12.5 million. Oslo Municipality was not interested in taking over the Lilleaker Line, as it was situated in the neighboring municipality of
322:
Valkyriegaten. The double track opened in 1898 to Majorstuen, and three years later on the Skøyen Line. The latter was combined with an extension to
1786:
412:
trams were delivered the same year. Deliveries resumed in 1912 and in the following two years a further twenty-six Class SS units were delivered.
1285:
2655:
1458:
298:
not work, as trams from Majorstuen were full and most passengers forced to walk into town. Thus from April KES introduced direct services from
2586:
2386:
269:, but was rejected. It therefore decided to build a power station at Majorstuen. On the same lot it built the first depot, a prefabricated
2511:
408:
exceeding a tenth of the minimum curve radius. This was proven wrong, allowing the tramway to order new and larger trams. The first eight
199:
network in 1875 by Kristiania Sporveisselskab. In 1887 it rejected a proposal for L. Samson, a real estate developer, to build a line to
701:
1560:
463:
Class A trams were rebuilt with larger wheelbase and bodies in 1918 and 1919, supplemented by 37 new motor trams and 56 new trailers.
1405:
1386:
1365:
1332:
626:
used to generate the electricity for the tramway. Majorstuen was the site of the company's administration, as well as the depot for
446:
to Majorstuen on 15 May 1914. In September a new depot opened at Majorstuen, with place for 75 vehicles—the largest in Scandinavia.
679:
216:
2640:
2366:
2630:
2516:
2186:
1427:
580:. All of KES's lines remain in use. The company's common section of track originated at Jernbanetorget, the square outside
2594:
2126:
1941:
1819:
392:
2361:
2221:
2006:
2551:
2181:
396:
2446:
2436:
2416:
736:. Two SS motor units, no. 307 from 1913 and no. 322 from 1918, and one trailer, no. 347, have been preserved by the
2521:
2421:
2151:
2051:
2021:
1824:
1746:
1451:
270:
171:
2166:
622:. It consisted of three buildings, the largest of which had room for 75 vehicles. It also featured the coal-fired
2531:
2526:
2481:
2251:
2226:
2206:
2131:
644:
529:
212:
2466:
2451:
2191:
1890:
422:'s Hall 2, administration building and chimney for the power station. To the right are a tram each from KES and
2371:
2266:
2231:
2156:
2071:
2036:
1971:
223:
140:
2561:
2456:
2376:
2091:
2066:
1931:
2486:
2461:
2146:
2041:
2011:
675:
370:
paying eight percent dividend. The Skøyen Line, which was at the time named the Bygdøy Line, was extended to
362:
204:
explicitly state that the company would use electric traction. KSS retained it priority in laying new lines.
2576:
2546:
2536:
2471:
2301:
2216:
2111:
2081:
2076:
2026:
671:
439:
2476:
2351:
713:. However, it proved prone to derailment in poorly banked S-curves and was never put into revenue service.
2571:
2566:
2396:
2286:
2256:
2246:
2121:
2106:
1991:
1804:
1638:
717:
435:
163:
2241:
2056:
697:
355:
159:
2196:
1996:
1976:
1961:
1951:
1444:
623:
533:
303:
243:
2501:
2441:
2406:
1986:
1981:
1875:
619:
419:
2321:
2276:
2141:
2101:
2031:
1915:
1700:
1293:
667:
600:
459:
431:
347:
334:
299:
258:
151:
1705:
483:
The company started looking into a further extension of the Skøyen Line in 1912, intending to reach
466:
366:
317:. The direct trams led to increased traffic and in 1896 KES therefore applied for permission to lay
2599:
2506:
2491:
2426:
2341:
2306:
2281:
2236:
2211:
2161:
2136:
2001:
1956:
1885:
1318:
1289:
737:
720:
motorized trams and twenty-two trailers between 1909 and 1914. They had electrical components from
690:
631:
604:
541:
492:
371:
310:
167:
1880:
1720:
409:
2541:
2311:
2291:
2271:
2176:
2046:
1865:
108:
2331:
2326:
1895:
545:
500:
1436:
724:
and were variously built by Herbrand, Falkenried and Skabo. Their main innovation was that the
178:. The take-over did not include the Lilleaker Line and this part of the operation continued as
2556:
2411:
2346:
1966:
1910:
1844:
1715:
1690:
1685:
1423:
1401:
1382:
1361:
1328:
721:
581:
556:
495:
the following day. Unlike the rest of the network, the Lilleaker Line was built as a suburban
454:
383:
343:
227:
1416:
1376:
1355:
1322:
2496:
2401:
2356:
2201:
2171:
2096:
1905:
1834:
1710:
1509:
710:
488:
329:
247:
2336:
2296:
2061:
2016:
1571:
323:
254:
1588:
685:
281:
2609:
2604:
2261:
2086:
1829:
1809:
1799:
1675:
1665:
1621:
1599:
1342:
630:. Most of KES facilities have been demolished, but one hall remains and is used by the
627:
577:
569:
423:
351:
266:
179:
175:
136:
132:
74:
70:
2624:
2316:
1870:
1680:
1492:
612:
589:
565:
443:
239:
231:
120:
700:
trams were delivered between 1899 and 1906. The electrical components were built by
207:
1900:
1794:
1644:
1633:
1627:
1616:
1605:
1594:
1583:
1577:
1566:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1504:
1498:
1487:
1472:
1468:
1261:
1240:
1219:
1198:
1105:
596:
573:
513:
318:
314:
139:. These all connected to a common line through the city center which terminated at
124:
116:
26:
2116:
1741:
1736:
1695:
1670:
1610:
663:
650:
608:
450:
262:
246:
had a duration of thirty years, of which the municipality retained the right to
155:
361:
The company's next task was extending the Skøyen Line and building a route via
1761:
705:
496:
476:
200:
128:
119:
between 1894 and 1924. It built a network of four lines in Western Oslo, the
1839:
1649:
729:(97 hp). Later units had a power output of 84 kilowatts (113 hp).
725:
655:
585:
415:
405:
519:
235:
709:
fourteen standing passengers. Two units were in 1924 rebuilt to create an
1751:
196:
291:
174:(KSS) were both taken over by Oslo Municipality in May 1924 and became
560:
A map of the tram network in 1939. Dark blue lines were built by KES.
484:
88:
365:
to Majorstuen. KSS had originally been given a permit to extend its
584:. The line started in Strandgata and continued along Tollbugata to
449:
The third connection opened in 1915, linking Jernbanetorget to the
230:, to Majorstuen. It would receive a branch from Inkognitogaten and
1849:
684:
649:
555:
518:
465:
414:
382:
328:
280:
206:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1756:
250:
the company after fifteen years and at the end of the duration.
147:
84:
36:
1440:
732:
The second delivered unit, no. 102, has been preserved by the
273:
structure from Germany. Investments totaled NOK 817,572.
588:. From there it cut across Stortingsgata and continued along
689:
Trailer 347 on display in the original Blue Tram colors at
238:, a total distance of 6 kilometers (3.7 mi). User of
1422:(in Norwegian). Copenhagen: Sporvejshistorisk Selskab.
654:
Class SS (193, left) and Class U (164) at Athenæum in
540:
until 1 July, when the Lilleaker Line was extended to
222:
The group received permission for two lines, one from
354:. The company took delivery of its first nine larger
1196:
Andersen, Bjørn (1997). "De første "electrikkene"".
674:, both of Germany. The undercarriages were built by
2585:
2385:
1940:
1924:
1858:
1785:
1729:
1658:
1479:
146:KES was established as the second tram operator in
80:
66:
58:
50:
42:
32:
21:
1217:Andersen, Bjørn (1995). "Unionvognenes historie".
350:there was a transfer between the trams of KES and
1143:
1141:
442:at Frogner, the Frogner Line was extended along
285:KES trams at Anthenum in the city center in 1904
603:. The Skøyen Line runs along Drammensveien to
1452:
1238:Budmiger, Roy (1995). ""To rom og kjøkken"".
8:
1103:Gaarder, Håkon Kinck (2001). "Bærumsbanen".
576:. The Skøyen Line continued as the suburban
470:Staff and trams posing at Majorstuen in 1912
115:), was a company which operated part of the
16:
1396:Hartmann, Eivind; Mangset, Øistein (2001).
544:. One the same day it took into use twelve
1459:
1445:
1437:
1357:Sporveier i Oslo gjennom 100 år: 1875–1975
1098:
1096:
734:Norwegian Museum of Science and Technology
15:
1360:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Grøhdal & Søn.
2651:Railway companies disestablished in 1924
1068:
1066:
1047:
1045:
1017:
1015:
1005:
1003:
881:
879:
748:
131:, and two other consecutive lines, the
1259:Andersen, Bjørn (1994). "SS-vognene".
1164:
1162:
1122:
1120:
975:
973:
971:
961:
959:
949:
947:
945:
860:
858:
848:
846:
844:
825:
823:
211:Tram 117 in 1895—a prototype built by
195:The Oslo Tramway was established as a
158:trams. Later the company also ordered
2646:Railway companies established in 1892
1398:Neste stopp!: Verneplan for bygninger
935:
933:
931:
929:
927:
813:
811:
809:
799:
797:
787:
785:
775:
773:
763:
761:
668:Allgemeine Elektrizitäts Gesellschaft
259:Allgemeine Elektrizitäts Gesellschaft
7:
1400:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Baneforlaget.
1378:Oslo-trikken – storbysjel på skinner
1327:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Baneforlaget.
2636:Defunct railway companies of Norway
680:Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri
309:The original network was entirely
217:Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri
14:
2432:Ekebergparken (Simensbråten Line)
1381:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Gyldendal.
716:KES took delivery of thirty-four
170:in 1919. KES and its competitor,
97:A/S Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei
2661:1924 disestablishments in Norway
1643:
1632:
1626:
1615:
1604:
1593:
1582:
1576:
1565:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1531:
1520:
1514:
1503:
1497:
1486:
1467:
702:Union-Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft
1324:Trikker og forstadsbaner i Oslo
618:The company operated one depot—
1375:Fristad, Hans Andreas (1990).
277:Early operations and expansion
261:(AEG) won and delivered seven
1:
2656:1892 establishments in Norway
1820:Kristiania Kommunale Sporveie
1815:Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei
1415:Strandholt, Thorleif (1990).
1286:"Sporveismuseets vognsamling"
523:Tram in Stortingsgata in 1905
393:Kristiania Kommunale Sporveie
17:Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei
1265:(in Norwegian). 21/22: 4–29.
2677:
1825:Kristiania Sporveisselskab
662:The first class of trams,
271:corrugated galvanized iron
172:Kristiania Sporveisselskab
387:Trams on the Skøyen Line
2641:Companies based in Oslo
2412:Bussterminalen Grønland
676:Bergische Stahlindustri
666:, were manufactured by
440:1914 Jubilee Exhibition
2631:Oslo Tramway operators
2512:Ringstabekk (original)
2367:Universitetet Blindern
1354:Fasting, Kåre (1975).
693:
672:P. Herbrand & Cie.
659:
561:
524:
471:
426:
388:
338:
286:
219:
112:
1932:Strømsveien tram fire
1347:Bærumsbanen 1919–1944
722:Siemens-Schukertwerke
688:
653:
624:thermal power station
559:
522:
469:
418:
386:
332:
284:
253:Shares worth 800,000
226:, the square outside
210:
2517:Rosenborg (original)
2447:Halvdan Svartes gate
2437:Frederik Stangs gate
2417:Chr. Michelsens gate
1319:Aspenberg, Nils Carl
2127:John Colletts plass
1561:Grünerløkka–Torshov
1296:on 27 February 2017
1290:Oslo Tramway Museum
738:Oslo Tramway Museum
691:Oslo Tramway Museum
632:Oslo Tramway Museum
436:Ullevål Hageby Line
18:
2167:Lille Frogner allé
2007:Carl Berners plass
704:and the bodies by
694:
660:
562:
525:
472:
427:
389:
339:
333:A Class A tram at
287:
220:
2618:
2617:
2552:St Halvards plass
2527:Schweigaards gate
2482:Magnus Bergs gate
2227:Riddervolds plass
2182:Middelalderparken
1845:Sporveien Trikken
582:Oslo East Station
344:Holmenkollen Line
228:Oslo East Station
154:using a fleet of
94:
93:
2668:
2467:Jacob Aalls gate
2452:Handelsbygningen
2422:Christiania Torv
2192:Niels Juels gate
2187:Nationaltheatret
2037:Forskningsparken
2022:Dronningens gate
1835:Oslo Vognselskap
1647:
1636:
1630:
1619:
1608:
1597:
1586:
1580:
1569:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1535:
1524:
1518:
1507:
1501:
1490:
1471:
1461:
1454:
1447:
1438:
1433:
1411:
1392:
1371:
1350:
1338:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1292:. Archived from
1288:(in Norwegian).
1282:
1276:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1244:(in Norwegian).
1235:
1229:
1228:
1223:(in Norwegian).
1214:
1208:
1207:
1202:(in Norwegian).
1193:
1187:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1157:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1109:(in Norwegian).
1100:
1091:
1088:
1082:
1079:
1073:
1070:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1040:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1010:
1007:
998:
995:
989:
986:
980:
977:
966:
963:
954:
951:
940:
937:
922:
919:
913:
910:
904:
901:
895:
892:
886:
883:
874:
871:
865:
862:
853:
850:
839:
836:
830:
827:
818:
815:
804:
801:
792:
789:
780:
777:
768:
765:
756:
753:
711:articulated tram
620:Majorstuen Depot
599:before reaching
548:suburban trams.
507:Municipalization
420:Majorstuen Depot
379:Later operations
306:on 31 December.
103:, nicknamed the
19:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2581:
2388:
2381:
2372:Vigelandsparken
2362:Ullevål sykehus
2267:Sinsenterrassen
2252:Sandaker senter
2222:Øvre Slottsgate
2207:Olaf Ryes plass
2157:Lakkegata skole
2072:Grefsen stadion
1943:
1936:
1920:
1854:
1781:
1725:
1654:
1475:
1465:
1430:
1414:
1408:
1395:
1389:
1374:
1368:
1353:
1349:(in Norwegian).
1341:
1335:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1013:
1008:
1001:
996:
992:
987:
983:
978:
969:
964:
957:
952:
943:
938:
925:
920:
916:
911:
907:
902:
898:
893:
889:
884:
877:
872:
868:
863:
856:
851:
842:
837:
833:
828:
821:
816:
807:
802:
795:
790:
783:
778:
771:
766:
759:
754:
750:
746:
640:
615:to Majorstuen.
554:
530:Communist Party
509:
381:
279:
255:Norwegian krone
193:
188:
73:
12:
11:
5:
2674:
2672:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2623:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2610:Oslo Package 3
2607:
2605:Oslo Package 2
2602:
2597:
2591:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2567:Valkyrie plass
2564:
2562:Ullevålsalleen
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2457:Hausmanns gate
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2377:Welhavens gate
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Rikshospitalet
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2122:Jernbanetorget
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2092:Holbergs plass
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2067:Grefsenplatået
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1972:Biermanns gate
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1830:Oslo Sporveier
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1810:Holmenkolbanen
1807:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1641:
1639:Ullevål Hageby
1624:
1613:
1602:
1591:
1574:
1563:
1540:
1529:
1512:
1495:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1412:
1406:
1393:
1387:
1372:
1366:
1351:
1339:
1333:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1277:
1268:
1251:
1230:
1209:
1188:
1179:
1170:
1158:
1149:
1147:Strandholt: 10
1137:
1128:
1116:
1092:
1090:Bærumsbanen: 3
1083:
1074:
1062:
1053:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1011:
999:
990:
981:
967:
955:
941:
923:
914:
905:
896:
887:
875:
866:
854:
840:
831:
819:
805:
793:
781:
769:
757:
747:
745:
742:
639:
636:
628:Holmenkolbanen
578:Lilleaker Line
553:
550:
508:
505:
455:Vålerenga Line
424:Holmenkolbanen
380:
377:
367:Vestbanen Line
352:Holmenkolbanen
346:opened and at
278:
275:
267:Oslo Lysverker
240:overhead wires
224:Jernbanetorget
192:
189:
187:
184:
176:Oslo Sporveier
141:Jernbanetorget
137:Lilleaker Line
92:
91:
82:
78:
77:
71:Oslo Sporveier
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
34:
30:
29:
23:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2673:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2577:Wessels plass
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:Schultz' gate
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2487:Meltzers gate
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2462:Hollendergata
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:Sportsplassen
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Oslo Hospital
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2152:Kontraskjæret
2150:
2148:
2147:Kjelsåsalléen
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Inkognitogata
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:Gaustadalléen
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2042:Frogner plass
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2027:Ekebergparken
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:Dalsbergstien
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1513:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1462:
1457:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1409:
1407:82-91448-17-5
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1388:82-05-19084-4
1384:
1380:
1379:
1373:
1369:
1367:82-504-0116-6
1363:
1359:
1358:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1334:82-91448-03-5
1330:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1275:Aspenberg: 44
1272:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1255:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1234:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1213:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1177:Aspenberg: 45
1174:
1171:
1168:Aspenberg: 37
1165:
1163:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
985:
982:
979:Aspenberg: 43
976:
974:
972:
968:
962:
960:
956:
950:
948:
946:
942:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
924:
918:
915:
909:
906:
900:
897:
891:
888:
882:
880:
876:
870:
867:
861:
859:
855:
849:
847:
845:
841:
835:
832:
826:
824:
820:
814:
812:
810:
806:
800:
798:
794:
788:
786:
782:
776:
774:
770:
764:
762:
758:
752:
749:
743:
741:
739:
735:
730:
727:
723:
719:
714:
712:
707:
703:
699:
692:
687:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
657:
652:
648:
646:
638:Rolling stock
637:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
590:Drammensveien
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
566:Briskeby Line
558:
551:
549:
547:
543:
537:
535:
531:
521:
517:
515:
506:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
481:
478:
468:
464:
461:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
425:
421:
417:
413:
411:
407:
401:
398:
394:
385:
378:
376:
373:
368:
364:
363:Frogner plass
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
336:
331:
327:
325:
320:
316:
315:passing loops
312:
307:
305:
301:
295:
293:
283:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:Drammensveien
229:
225:
218:
214:
209:
205:
202:
198:
191:Establishment
190:
185:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
127:which ran to
126:
122:
121:Briskeby Line
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
38:
35:
31:
28:
24:
20:
2547:Sporveisgata
2537:Slottsparken
2532:Simensbråten
2472:Kongens gate
2257:Schous plass
2132:Jomfrubråten
2082:Heimdalsgata
2077:Grefsenveien
1992:Bogstadveien
1814:
1805:Ekebergbanen
1795:Akersbanerne
1747:Ekebergbanen
1701:Simensbråten
1686:Lambertseter
1473:Oslo Tramway
1417:
1397:
1377:
1356:
1346:
1323:
1312:Bibliography
1298:. Retrieved
1294:the original
1280:
1271:
1262:Lokaltrafikk
1260:
1254:
1245:
1241:Lokaltrafikk
1239:
1233:
1224:
1220:Lokaltrafikk
1218:
1212:
1203:
1199:Lokaltrafikk
1197:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1152:
1131:
1110:
1106:Lokaltrafikk
1104:
1086:
1077:
1056:
1035:
1026:
993:
984:
939:Aspenberg: 7
917:
908:
899:
890:
869:
834:
751:
731:
715:
696:Twenty-four
695:
661:
641:
617:
597:Bogstadveien
594:
574:Frogner Line
563:
538:
526:
510:
482:
473:
448:
428:
402:
397:Conservative
390:
360:
340:
319:double track
311:single track
308:
304:Frognergaden
296:
288:
252:
248:municipalize
221:
194:
145:
125:Frogner Line
117:Oslo Tramway
105:Blue Tramway
104:
100:
96:
95:
81:Headquarters
27:aksjeselskap
22:Company type
2477:Lapsetorvet
2352:Tullinløkka
2197:Nobels gate
1977:Birkelunden
1962:Aker Brygge
1952:Abbediengen
1876:Grünerløkka
1800:Bærumsbanen
1711:Vippetangen
1343:Bærumsbanen
1186:Fasting: 50
1156:Fristad: 28
1135:Fasting: 92
1126:Fasting: 91
1081:Fasting: 89
1072:Fristad: 65
1060:Fristad: 64
1051:Fristad: 62
1039:Fasting: 83
1030:Fristad: 54
1021:Fristad: 82
1009:Fristad: 52
997:Fasting: 72
988:Fasting: 71
965:Fasting: 69
953:Fasting: 70
921:Fasting: 59
912:Fasting: 63
903:Fristad: 32
894:Fasting: 55
885:Fristad: 29
873:Fasting: 52
864:Fasting: 51
852:Fristad: 25
838:Fristad: 26
829:Fristad: 27
817:Fasting: 48
803:Fasting: 45
791:Fasting: 44
779:Fasting: 43
767:Fasting: 42
755:Fasting: 41
609:Solli plass
570:Skøyen Line
534:Labor Party
477:token coins
451:Kampen Line
180:Bærumsbanen
133:Skøyen Line
75:Bærumsbanen
2625:Categories
2572:Vibes gate
2397:Bentsebrua
2322:Stortorvet
2287:Sofienberg
2277:Skillebekk
2247:Sanatoriet
2177:Majorstuen
2107:Frydenlund
2102:Homansbyen
2032:Elisenberg
1906:Homansbyen
1891:Majorstuen
1572:Homansbyen
1429:8787589311
744:References
706:Falkenried
670:(AEG) and
613:Kirkeveien
601:Majorstuen
497:light rail
460:Homansbyen
444:Kirkeveien
432:Stortorvet
348:Majorstuen
335:Majorstuen
300:Skillebekk
244:concession
201:Majorstuen
152:Skillebekk
129:Majorstuen
113:Blåtrikken
2557:Tjernsrud
2507:Posthuset
2492:Munkegata
2427:Egne hjem
2342:Tinghuset
2307:Stensgata
2242:Rosenhoff
2237:Rosenborg
2162:Lilleaker
2137:Kastellet
2057:Glads vei
1967:Bekkestua
1957:Adamstuen
1944:and stops
1925:Incidents
1916:Vålerenga
1896:Rodeløkka
1840:Sporveien
1787:Operators
1716:Vålerenga
1706:Vestbanen
1691:Rodeløkka
1666:Gamlebyen
1600:Lilleaker
1419:Sporveier
726:wheelbase
656:Akersgata
586:Akersgata
542:Bekkestua
493:Lilleaker
406:wheelbase
168:Lilleaker
109:Norwegian
67:Successor
2595:Timeline
2542:Smedstua
2389:stations
2312:Storgata
2292:Sollerud
2272:Skarpsno
2047:Furulund
1997:Briskeby
1987:Bjørvika
1942:Stations
1752:Gullfisk
1721:Østensjø
1681:Korsvoll
1510:Bjørvika
1493:Briskeby
1345:(1944).
1321:(1994).
1248:: 17–19.
1227:: 10–22.
718:Class SS
572:and the
532:and the
453:and the
434:via the
410:Class SS
197:horsecar
164:Class SS
135:and the
123:and the
33:Industry
25:Private
2587:History
2502:Operaen
2442:Grensen
2407:Brugata
2387:Disused
2347:Torshov
2142:Kjelsås
2062:Grefsen
1982:Bislett
1911:Torshov
1886:Kjelsås
1871:Grefsen
1757:SM53/83
1589:Kjelsås
1538:Frogner
1527:Ekeberg
1206:: 4–12.
1113:: 4–19.
698:Class U
664:Class A
658:in 1912
552:Network
546:Class A
356:Class U
337:in 1908
292:headway
263:Class A
186:History
160:Class U
156:Class A
51:Defunct
43:Founded
37:Tramway
2600:Museum
2497:Nybrua
2402:Bestum
2357:Ullern
2282:Skøyen
2262:Sinsen
2212:Øraker
2202:Nybrua
2172:Ljabru
2097:Holtet
2002:Bråten
1901:Sagene
1881:Holtet
1859:Depots
1696:Sagene
1676:Kolsås
1671:Kampen
1659:Former
1648:
1637:
1631:
1622:Skøyen
1620:
1611:Sinsen
1609:
1598:
1587:
1581:
1570:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1536:
1525:
1519:
1508:
1502:
1491:
1426:
1404:
1385:
1364:
1331:
1300:17 May
605:Skøyen
568:, the
489:Øraker
485:Bestum
372:Skøyen
236:Skøyen
89:Norway
62:Merger
2337:Thune
2332:Sørli
2327:Sæter
2317:Storo
2297:Solli
2017:Disen
1866:Avløs
1850:Ruter
1730:Trams
1480:Lines
645:Skabo
501:Avløs
324:Thune
313:with
213:Skabo
2087:Hoff
1777:SL18
1772:SL95
1767:SL79
1762:SM91
1650:Vika
1424:ISBN
1402:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1362:ISBN
1329:ISBN
1302:2014
514:Aker
487:and
215:and
162:and
148:Oslo
85:Oslo
59:Fate
54:1924
46:1892
2117:Jar
234:to
101:KES
99:or
2627::
1246:29
1225:25
1204:34
1161:^
1140:^
1119:^
1111:44
1095:^
1065:^
1044:^
1014:^
1002:^
970:^
958:^
944:^
926:^
878:^
857:^
843:^
822:^
808:^
796:^
784:^
772:^
760:^
740:.
682:.
634:.
592:.
503:.
326:.
294:.
182:.
143:.
111::
87:,
1742:S
1737:A
1460:e
1453:t
1446:v
1432:.
1410:.
1391:.
1370:.
1337:.
1304:.
107:(
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