196:
64:
562:
435:
604:, "against the wishes of everyone"; in particular, Servianus and the young Salinator became very angry at Hadrian and wished to challenge him over the adoption. Even today, the rationale for Hadrian's sudden switch is still unclear. It is possible Salinator went so far as to attempt a coup against Hadrian in which Servianus was implicated. In order to avoid any potential conflict in the succession, Hadrian ordered the deaths of Salinator and Servianus.
418:
195:
620:
After a few days' consideration, Antoninus accepted. He was adopted on 25 February 138. As part of
Hadrian's terms, Antoninus adopted both Lucius Aelius's son, Lucius Ceionius Commodus, and Hadrian's great-nephew by marriage, Marcus Annius Verus. Marcus became "Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus" (later
584:
as his unofficial successor. As
Hadrian's reign drew to a close, however, he changed his mind. Although the emperor certainly thought Servianus capable of ruling as an emperor after Hadrian's own death, Servianus, by now in his nineties, was clearly too old for the position. Hadrian's attentions
612:
After a year's stationing on the Danube frontier, Aelius returned to Rome to make an address to the senate on the first day of 138. The night before the speech, however, he grew ill, and died of a haemorrhage late the next day. On 24 January 138, Hadrian selected
653:. But whilst Hadrian was delighting himself with his own applause, and the acclamations of the soldiers, whose consent had been secured by an immense donative, the new Cæsar was ravished from his embraces by an untimely death.
668:, claim to be written by a group of authors at the turn of the 4th century, but are in fact written by a single author (referred to here as "the biographer") from the later 4th century (c. 395).
671:
The later biographies and the biographies of subordinate emperors and usurpers are a tissue of lies and fiction, but the earlier biographies, derived primarily from now-lost earlier sources (
649:
After revolving in his mind several men of distinguished merit, whom he esteemed and hated, adopted Ælius Verus a gay and voluptuous nobleman, recommended by uncommon beauty to the lover of
585:
turned to
Servianus' grandson, Lucius Pedanius Fuscus Salinator. Hadrian promoted the young Salinator, his great-nephew, gave him special status in his court, and groomed him as his heir.
734:
637:
4013:
370:
1910:
632:
Marcus
Aurelius later co-ruled with Lucius Verus as joint Roman Emperors, until Lucius Verus died in 169, after which Aurelius was sole ruler until his own death in 180.
2148:
4644:
727:
2491:
4654:
1044:
662:
The major sources for the life of Aelius are patchy and frequently unreliable. The most important group of sources, the biographies contained in the
363:
3342:
488:
adds the cognomen Verus), was consul in 106 and his paternal grandfather, also of the same name, was consul in 78. His paternal ancestors were from
720:
4561:
4519:
3745:
679:, Antoninus Pius, Marcus and Lucius Verus are largely reliable, but that of Avidius Cassius, and even Lucius Aelius' own, is full of fiction.
4634:
4426:
4376:
3998:
479:
3144:
4609:
4039:
Commodus was a known consumptive at the time of his adoption, so
Hadrian may have intended the eventual post-Antoninus succession, anyway.
356:
314:
4639:
4395:
3976:
3957:
2297:
1230:
493:
178:
3080:
4649:
3073:
2560:
506:
97:
3732:
3888:
1078:
3628:
Except where otherwise noted, the notes below indicate that an individual's parentage is as shown in the above family tree.
543:' ascension, Pius came to Aurelius and asked him to end his engagement to Fabia, instead marrying Antoninus Pius’ daughter
4048:
The younger Lucius
Commodus did not take the cognomen Verus until his joint accession with Marcus after the death of Pius.
4008:
2484:
1695:
1271:
581:
539:– at the time of Marcus Aurelius's adoption, she was betrothed, as part of the adoption conditions, to him. Shortly after
4538:
4506:
3123:
4614:
4144:
2249:
1085:
309:
206:
3116:
864:
471:, where it probably was originally the result of a manuscript error. The young Lucius Ceionius Commodus was of the
4288:
4574:
2783:
1036:
622:
342:
32:
This article is about the adoptive son of
Hadrian. For the Praetorian prefect called Lucius Aelius Sejanus, see
4483:
4478:
2867:
1264:
597:
4619:
4064:
3322:
1935:
3356:
2311:
510:
63:
3879:
4569:
1506:
626:
561:
3604:
3315:
2811:
544:
530:
3882:) gives the story that Faustina the Elder promised to marry Avidius Cassius. This is also echoed in
4604:
4599:
3608:
2860:
1487:
492:, and were of consular rank. His mother is surmised to have been an undocumented Roman woman named
3795:
It is uncertain whether
Rupilia Faustina was Frugi's daughter by Salonia Matidia or another woman.
2515:
2507:
570:
400:. He died before Hadrian and thus never became emperor. After Lucius' death, he was replaced by
589:
4422:
4391:
4372:
3994:
3972:
3953:
104:
596:, he decided to change his mind, and selected Lucius Ceionius Commodus as his new successor,
4629:
4414:
4307:, pp. 229–230. The thesis of single authorship was first proposed in H. Dessau (1889) "
3884:
3349:
687:
664:
498:
484:
467:
3596:
dashed lines indicate adoption; dotted lines indicate love affairs/unmarried relationships
2874:
2819:
2791:
1498:
1256:
1029:
550:
522:
335:
277:
117:
3580: lighter purple indicates designated imperial heir of said dynasty who never reigned
4624:
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4458:
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4360:
4283:
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1477:
1222:
672:
614:
540:
502:
states that his maternal grandfather and his maternal ancestors were of consular rank.
401:
397:
257:
50:
434:
4593:
4410:
4365:
3934:"De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and Their Families"
3571:
2853:
1726:
857:
642:
593:
536:
113:
4552:
4497:
3514:
2834:
1758:
682:
Some other literary sources provide specific detail: the writings of the physician
518:
475:
444:
389:
267:
109:
54:
4255:
4215:
4083:
3524:
703:
144:
629:). At Hadrian's request, Antoninus' daughter Faustina was betrothed to Lucius.
645:
tells of Aelius's brief time as
Hadrian's successor-designate in these terms:
588:
However, in late 136, Hadrian almost died from a haemorrhage. Convalescent in
417:
17:
3698:
699:
3088:
1784:
650:
440:
423:
287:
509:, a well-connected Roman noblewoman who was the daughter of the senator
4308:
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3131:
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1887:
1767:
1688:
1278:
676:
577:
566:
526:
489:
393:
247:
167:
136:
33:
4419:
The
Cambridge Ancient History, Volume XI: The High Empire, A.D. 70–192
4148:
547:; Faustina had originally been planned by Hadrian to wed Lucius Verus.
4451:
1238:
237:
69:
675:
or Ignotus), are much more accurate. For Aelius, the biographies of
513:. Avidia bore Lucius at least one son and two daughters, who were:
461:
upon his adoption as Hadrian's heir. He is sometimes referred to as
690:
on the temper of the times, and the constitutions preserved in the
1057:
1012:
683:
560:
227:
3952:. Translated by R. Ross Holloway. Milan: Edizioni Arte e Moneta.
3933:
472:
625:); and Lucius became "Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus" (later
388:(13 January 101 – 1 January 138) was the father of Emperor
4421:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 132–94.
4405:
Birley, Anthony R. (2000). "Hadrian to the Antonines". In
3592: bluish-purple indicates emperors of other dynasties
4199:
4197:
3950:
Women of the Caesars: Their Lives and Portraits on Coins
4289:
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
525:
from 161 until his own death in 169. Verus would marry
4059:
are to individual biographies, and are marked with a "
4086:(1957). "Antonine Relatives: Ceionii and Vettulani".
4014:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
686:
on the habits of the Antonine elite, the orations of
3586: grey indicates unsuccessful imperial aspirants
4067:are cross-referenced to C.R. Haines' Loeb edition.
3991:
Faustina I and II: Imperial Women of the Golden Age
3770:
Husband of Rupilia Faustina: Levick (2014), p. 163.
638:
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
174:
161:
143:
127:
103:
93:
85:
77:
43:
4364:
3969:Beloved and God: The Story of Hadrian and Antinous
3722:Husband of Salonia Matidia: Levick (2014), p. 161.
4157:Hadrian, Lucius Verus, and the Arco di Portogallo
3668:Husband of Ulpia Marciana: Levick (2014), p. 161.
392:. In 136, he was adopted by the reigning emperor
29:Adopted son and heir of Emperor Hadrian (101–138)
3900:Husband of Ceionia Fabia: Levick (2014), p. 164.
3638:Sister of Trajan's father: Giacosa (1977), p. 7.
505:Before 130, the younger Lucius Commodus married
4300:
4298:
3842:Wife of M. Annius Verus: Giacosa (1977), p. 10.
465:, though this name is not attested outside the
3851:Wife of M. Annius Libo: Levick (2014), p. 163.
3690:
3688:
3686:
728:
529:, the second daughter of Marcus Aurelius and
364:
8:
3757:Lover of Hadrian: Lambert (1984), p. 99 and
3761:; deification: Lamber (1984), pp. 2–5, etc.
4440:
735:
721:
713:
371:
357:
185:
62:
40:
4371:. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 291–292.
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3780:
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3655:
3653:
4155:57(1–2): 65–79; J. VanderLeest (1995), "
4143:On the succession to Hadrian, see also:
3709:
3707:
3697:contributor (Herbert W. Benario, 2000),
3676:
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4271:
4243:
4231:
4203:
4188:
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4119:
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600:him as his son. The selection was done
517:Lucius Ceionius Commodus – The future
404:, who succeeded Hadrian the same year.
323:
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752:
443:of Aelius' son, future Roman emperor
7:
4562:P. Coelius Balbinus Vibullius Pius
4520:P. Coelius Balbinus Vibullius Pius
580:had considered his brother-in-law
25:
4645:Burials at the Castel Sant'Angelo
4539:Sex. Vettulenus Civica Pompeianus
4507:Sex. Vettulenus Civica Pompeianus
4309:Über Zeit und Persönlichkeit der
706:supplement the literary sources.
4655:Heirs apparent who never acceded
433:
416:
194:
3878:The epitomator of Cassius Dio (
3570: Reddish-purple indicates
3531:
3095:
2841:
2798:
2531:
1773:
1245:
1064:
1019:
315:Category:Nerva–Antonine dynasty
200:Aureus of Lucius Aelius Caesar
135:(from birth until adoption by
1:
4367:Hadrian: The Restless Emperor
4063:". Citations to the works of
3574:of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty
3343:C. Furius Sabinus Timesitheus
582:Lucius Julius Ursus Servianus
576:For a long time, the emperor
4635:Senators of the Roman Empire
4388:Marcus Aurelius: A biography
4386:Birley, Anthony R. (2000a).
4311:Scriptoes Historiae Augustae
3993:. Oxford University Press.
1086:Aelius Hadrianus Marullinus
4671:
4292:, Vol.1, Ch. III, Part II.
743:Nerva–Antonine family tree
710:Nerva–Antonine family tree
310:Nerva–Antonine family tree
31:
4566:
4550:
4536:Lucius Ceionius Commodus,
4533:
4511:
4495:
4475:
4465:
4456:
4448:
4443:
3967:Lambert, Royston (1984).
3948:Giacosa, Giorgio (1977).
3542:
3540:
3520:
3518:
3515:Furia Sabina Tranquillina
3451:
3447:
3445:
3435:
3365:
3363:
3353:
3319:
3312:
3310:L. Aurelius Agaclytus (2)
3294:
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1696:L. Julius Ursus Servianus
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1575:
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1571:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1525:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1503:
1494:
1492:
1484:
1482:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1448:
1446:
1434:
1432:
1420:
1418:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1354:
1352:
1340:
1338:
1324:
1292:
1275:
1261:
1252:
1227:
1203:
1201:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1173:
1171:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1113:
1111:
1082:
1040:
1026:
1004:
1002:
1000:
992:
990:
982:
980:
968:
966:
954:
952:
944:
940:
934:
899:
897:
888:
879:
877:
868:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
822:
820:
818:
810:
806:
804:
802:
800:
798:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
766:
762:
760:
758:
623:Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
478:. His father, also named
343:Year of the Five Emperors
150:
133:Lucius Ceionius Commodus
132:
123:
61:
48:
4640:Caesars (heirs apparent)
4153:Journal of Roman Studies
4149:Hadrian and Lucius Verus
3602:= posthumously deified (
2492:Calvisia Domitia Lucilla
858:Q. Marcius Barea Soranus
615:Titus Aurelius Antoninus
480:Lucius Ceionius Commodus
455:Lucius Ceionius Commodus
189:Roman imperial dynasties
165:Lucius Ceionius Commodus
3124:Ti. Claudius Pompeianus
2250:L. Caesennius Antoninus
698:on Marcus' legal work.
89:1 January 138 (aged 36)
4650:Ancient Roman adoptees
4610:Nerva–Antonine dynasty
4575:G. Pomponius Camerinus
4330:, p. 230. On the
3914:Levick (2014), p. 117.
3869:Giacosa (1977), p. 10.
3833:Levick (2014), p. 164.
3811:Levick (2014), p. 162.
3786:Levick (2014), p. 163.
3659:Levick (2014), p. 161.
3357:Junius Licinius Balbus
3151:Junius Licinius Balbus
3145:M. Plautius Quintillus
3117:M. Annius Verus Caesar
2076:C. Fuscus Salinator II
1888:Julia Serviana Paulina
655:
617:as his new successor.
573:
511:Gaius Avidius Nigrinus
207:Nerva–Antonine dynasty
4484:Gn. Papirius Aelianus
4055:All citations to the
3932:contributors (2000).
3713:Giacosa (1977), p. 9.
3680:Giacosa (1977), p. 7.
3647:Giacosa (1977), p. 8.
1882:C. Fuscus Salinator I
865:Q. Marcius Barea Sura
647:
627:Lucius Aurelius Verus
564:
151:Lucius Aelius Caesar
4479:P. Rutilius Fabianus
4334:, see Barnes, 65–74.
3971:. New York: Viking.
3889:"Marcus Aurelius" 24
2123:L. Caesennius Paetus
2066:L. Ceionius Commodus
1936:Cn. Arrius Antoninus
1231:C. Salonius Matidius
545:Faustina the Younger
531:Faustina the Younger
459:Lucius Aelius Caesar
386:Lucius Aelius Caesar
4581:as ordinary consuls
4545:as ordinary consuls
4526:as ordinary consuls
4175:, pp. 291–292.
3330:Plautius Quintillus
3323:L. Antistius Burrus
3305:Petronius Antoninus
2868:Q. Servilius Pudens
2861:Plautius Quintillus
2312:C. Avidius Nigrinus
1488:Libo Rupilius Frugi
1265:P. Acilius Attianus
906:P. Aelius Hadrianus
463:Lucius Aelius Verus
4615:2nd-century Romans
4570:Kanus Junius Niger
4490:as suffect consuls
4444:Political offices
4361:Birley, Anthony R.
4346:, pp. 227–28.
3733:"Julius Servianus"
2820:C. Avidius Cassius
2149:T. Aurelius Fulvus
574:
571:Capitoline Museums
521:, co-emperor with
398:heir to the throne
153:(as Imperial heir)
4588:
4587:
4584:
4567:Succeeded by
4548:
4529:
4512:Succeeded by
4493:
4466:Succeeded by
4428:978-0-5212-6335-1
4415:Rathbone, Dominic
4378:978-0-415-16544-0
4274:, pp. 48–49.
4268:HA Antoninus Pius
4118:23.10, quoted in
4106:, pp. 41–42.
4024:
4023:
4000:978-0-19-537941-9
3619:
3618:
3546:
3545:
3081:M. Petronius Sura
1507:L. Vibius Sabinus
886:M. Cocceius Nerva
696:Codex Justinianus
381:
380:
348:
347:
296:
295:
212:
184:
183:
157:
156:
16:(Redirected from
4662:
4578:
4542:
4534:Preceded by
4523:
4487:
4476:Preceded by
4449:Preceded by
4441:
4432:
4401:
4382:
4370:
4347:
4341:
4335:
4325:
4319:
4302:
4293:
4281:
4275:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4235:
4229:
4223:
4213:
4207:
4201:
4192:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4141:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4122:, pp. 41–42
4113:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4081:
4057:Historia Augusta
4049:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4018:
4004:
3982:
3963:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3915:
3912:
3901:
3898:
3892:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3852:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3834:
3831:
3812:
3809:
3796:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3771:
3768:
3762:
3755:
3749:
3742:
3736:
3729:
3723:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3702:
3692:
3681:
3678:
3669:
3666:
3660:
3657:
3648:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3601:
3591:
3585:
3579:
3569:
3563:(3) = 3rd spouse
3560:(2) = 2nd spouse
3557:(1) = 1st spouse
3552:
3551:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3350:Antonia Gordiana
3335:Plautia Servilla
3156:Servilia Ceionia
3099:
3097:
3091:
3074:Cornificia Minor
2845:
2843:
2837:
2814:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2546:L. Aelius Caesar
2535:
2533:
2527:
2518:
1930:Boionia Procilla
1917:Rupilia Faustina
1787:
1777:
1775:
1770:
1761:
1501:
1259:
1249:
1247:
1241:
1225:
1216:
1068:
1066:
1060:
1047:
1023:
1021:
1015:
891:Sergia Plautilla
871:Antonia Furnilla
750:
749:
737:
730:
723:
714:
688:Aelius Aristides
665:Historia Augusta
499:Historia Augusta
485:Historia Augusta
468:Historia Augusta
453:Aelius was born
437:
420:
373:
366:
359:
340:Followed by
333:Preceded by
330:
329:
224:
223:
210:
198:
186:
125:
66:
41:
21:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4590:
4589:
4577:
4572:
4558:
4556:
4541:
4537:
4522:
4518:
4503:
4501:
4486:
4482:
4471:
4462:
4454:
4439:
4429:
4407:Bowman, Alan K.
4404:
4398:
4385:
4379:
4359:
4356:
4351:
4350:
4342:
4338:
4326:
4322:
4314:" (in German),
4303:
4296:
4282:
4278:
4254:
4250:
4242:
4238:
4230:
4226:
4222:3.7, 4.6, 6.1–7
4214:
4210:
4202:
4195:
4183:
4179:
4171:
4167:
4142:
4138:
4130:
4126:
4114:
4110:
4102:
4098:
4082:
4078:
4073:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4043:
4038:
4034:
4029:
4007:
4001:
3987:Levick, Barbara
3985:
3979:
3966:
3960:
3947:
3938:
3936:
3928:
3918:
3913:
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3899:
3895:
3877:
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3850:
3846:
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3837:
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3815:
3810:
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3794:
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3785:
3774:
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3756:
3752:
3743:
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3730:
3726:
3721:
3717:
3712:
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3693:
3684:
3679:
3672:
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3663:
3658:
3651:
3646:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3599:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3567:
3530:
3528:
3523:
3094:
3092:
3087:
2875:Ceionia Plautia
2840:
2838:
2833:
2828:Aurelia Fadilla
2810:
2797:
2795:
2792:Marcus Aurelius
2790:
2530:
2528:
2523:
2514:
2485:M. Annius Verus
1911:M. Annius Verus
1783:
1772:
1766:
1757:
1499:Salonia Matidia
1497:
1255:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1221:
1214:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1043:
1030:Marcia Furnilla
1018:
1016:
1011:
744:
741:
712:
660:
610:
602:invitis omnibus
559:
557:Heir to Hadrian
551:Ceionia Plautia
523:Marcus Aurelius
451:
450:
449:
448:
447:
438:
429:
428:
427:
421:
410:
408:Life and family
383:
382:
377:
341:
336:Flavian dynasty
334:
319:
278:Marcus Aurelius
201:
166:
152:
134:
118:Ceionia Plautia
116:
112:
73:
68:Lucius Aelius,
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4668:
4666:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4620:Adult adoptees
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4585:
4568:
4565:
4549:
4535:
4531:
4530:
4513:
4510:
4494:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4469:Antoninus Pius
4467:
4464:
4455:
4450:
4446:
4445:
4438:
4437:External links
4435:
4434:
4433:
4427:
4411:Garnsey, Peter
4402:
4396:
4383:
4377:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4336:
4320:
4294:
4284:Gibbon, Edward
4276:
4248:
4236:
4234:, p. 147.
4224:
4208:
4206:, p. 148.
4193:
4177:
4165:
4136:
4124:
4108:
4096:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4051:
4050:
4041:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4011:, ed. (1870).
4009:Smith, William
4005:
3999:
3983:
3977:
3964:
3958:
3945:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3902:
3893:
3871:
3853:
3844:
3835:
3813:
3797:
3788:
3772:
3763:
3750:
3748:, pp. 319–322.
3744:Smith (1870),
3737:
3731:Smith (1870),
3724:
3715:
3703:
3682:
3670:
3661:
3649:
3640:
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3537:
3534: 238–244
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3333:
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3326:
3320:
3318:
3316:Aurelia Sabina
3313:
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3308:
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3149:
3147:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3129:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3098: 177–192
3085:
3083:
3078:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3055:
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3019:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
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2877:
2872:
2870:
2865:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2844: 161–169
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2812:Faustina Minor
2808:
2806:
2804:
2801: 161–180
2788:
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2780:
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2552:
2550:
2548:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2534: 138–161
2525:Antoninus Pius
2521:
2519:
2512:
2510:
2508:M. Annius Libo
2505:
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2500:
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2136:Arria Antonina
2134:
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2126:
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2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1781:
1779:
1776: 117–138
1764:
1762:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1478:Lucius Mindius
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1272:P. Aelius Afer
1269:
1267:
1262:
1260:
1253:
1251:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1226:
1219:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1045:Trajanus Pater
1041:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
994:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
918:
917:
915:
913:
911:
908:
907:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
869:
867:
862:
860:
854:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
812:
811:
809:
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
746:
745:
742:
740:
739:
732:
725:
717:
711:
708:
673:Marius Maximus
659:
656:
609:
606:
558:
555:
554:
553:
548:
541:Antoninus Pius
534:
439:
432:
431:
430:
422:
415:
414:
413:
412:
411:
409:
406:
402:Antoninus Pius
379:
378:
376:
375:
368:
361:
353:
350:
349:
346:
345:
338:
326:
325:
321:
320:
318:
317:
312:
306:
303:
302:
298:
297:
294:
293:
290:
284:
283:
280:
274:
273:
270:
264:
263:
260:
258:Antoninus Pius
254:
253:
250:
244:
243:
240:
234:
233:
230:
220:
219:
215:
214:
203:
202:
199:
191:
190:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
163:
159:
158:
155:
154:
148:
147:
141:
140:
130:
129:
121:
120:
107:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
81:13 January 101
79:
75:
74:
67:
59:
58:
46:
45:
39:
38:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4667:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4583:
4582:
4576:
4571:
4564:
4563:
4555:
4554:
4547:
4546:
4540:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4521:
4516:
4509:
4508:
4500:
4499:
4492:
4491:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4470:
4461:
4460:
4453:
4447:
4442:
4436:
4430:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4403:
4399:
4397:9780415171250
4393:
4390:. Routledge.
4389:
4384:
4380:
4374:
4369:
4368:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4345:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4324:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4306:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4252:
4249:
4246:, p. 46.
4245:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4228:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4169:
4166:
4163:49(4) 319–30.
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4137:
4134:, p. 42.
4133:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4100:
4097:
4094:. pp. 306–315
4093:
4089:
4085:
4080:
4077:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4045:
4042:
4036:
4033:
4026:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3978:0-670-15708-2
3974:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3959:0-8390-0193-2
3955:
3951:
3946:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3897:
3894:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3848:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3719:
3716:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3665:
3662:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3644:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3598:
3595:
3573:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3539:
3526:
3516:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3324:
3317:
3299:
3296:
3286:
3284:
3276:
3274:
3265:
3242:
3216:
3214:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3146:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3109:
3090:
3082:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2962:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2920:
2918:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2854:Ceionia Fabia
2848:
2836:
2821:
2813:
2793:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2754:
2752:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2714:
2712:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2672:
2670:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2582:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2547:
2526:
2517:
2509:
2493:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2471:
2463:
2461:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2403:
2397:
2395:
2377:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2316:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2251:
2229:
2226:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2196:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2176:
2174:
2168:
2164:
2162:
2150:
2141:Arria Fadilla
2111:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2090:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2057:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2027:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1971:
1937:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1892:
1889:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1814:
1808:
1786:
1769:
1760:
1728:
1727:Matidia Minor
1720:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1700:
1697:
1690:
1689:Paulina Minor
1651:
1639:
1637:
1608:
1605:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1547:
1545:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1500:
1489:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1398:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:Paulina Major
1273:
1266:
1258:
1248: 98–117
1240:
1232:
1224:
1208:
1205:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1131:
1123:
1121:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1080:
1059:
1046:
1038:
1031:
1014:
1009:
1006:
998:
996:
995:
942:
938:
936:
932:
930:
919:
916:
914:
912:
910:
909:
866:
859:
855:
852:
828:
826:
824:
816:
814:
813:
808:
784:
782:
764:
756:
754:
751:
748:
747:
738:
733:
731:
726:
724:
719:
718:
716:
715:
709:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
669:
667:
666:
657:
654:
652:
646:
644:
643:Edward Gibbon
640:
639:
633:
630:
628:
624:
618:
616:
607:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
586:
583:
579:
572:
568:
563:
556:
552:
549:
546:
542:
538:
537:Ceionia Fabia
535:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:
514:
512:
508:
503:
501:
500:
495:
491:
487:
486:
481:
477:
474:
470:
469:
464:
460:
457:, and became
456:
446:
442:
436:
425:
419:
407:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
374:
369:
367:
362:
360:
355:
354:
352:
351:
344:
339:
337:
332:
331:
328:
327:
322:
316:
313:
311:
308:
307:
305:
304:
299:
292:177–192
291:
289:
286:
285:
282:161–180
281:
279:
276:
275:
272:161–169
271:
269:
266:
265:
262:138–161
261:
259:
256:
255:
252:117–138
251:
249:
246:
245:
241:
239:
236:
235:
231:
229:
226:
225:
222:
221:
216:
208:
205:
204:
197:
193:
192:
187:
180:
177:
173:
169:
164:
160:
149:
146:
142:
138:
131:
126:
122:
119:
115:
114:Ceionia Fabia
111:
108:
106:
102:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
65:
60:
57:
56:
52:
47:
44:Lucius Aelius
42:
35:
27:
19:
18:Lucius Aelius
4580:
4579:
4559:
4553:Roman consul
4551:
4544:
4543:
4525:
4524:
4514:
4504:
4498:Roman consul
4496:
4489:
4488:
4459:Roman caesar
4457:
4418:
4387:
4366:
4354:Bibliography
4344:Birley 2000a
4339:
4331:
4328:Birley 2000a
4323:
4315:
4310:
4305:Birley 2000a
4287:
4279:
4272:Birley 2000a
4267:
4263:
4259:
4251:
4244:Birley 2000a
4239:
4232:Birley 2000b
4227:
4219:
4211:
4204:Birley 2000b
4191:, p. 45
4189:Birley 2000a
4184:
4180:
4168:
4160:
4152:
4139:
4132:Birley 2000a
4127:
4120:Birley 2000a
4115:
4111:
4104:Birley 2000a
4099:
4091:
4087:
4084:Syme, Ronald
4079:
4060:
4056:
4054:
4044:
4035:
4012:
3990:
3968:
3949:
3937:. Retrieved
3929:
3923:
3896:
3883:
3874:
3847:
3838:
3791:
3766:
3758:
3753:
3740:
3727:
3718:
3694:
3664:
3643:
3634:
3627:
3624:
3603:
2835:Lucius Verus
2545:
2304:
2071:Appia Severa
1067: 96–98
1022: 79–81
700:Inscriptions
695:
691:
681:
670:
663:
661:
648:
636:
634:
631:
619:
611:
601:
587:
575:
519:Lucius Verus
504:
497:
483:
466:
462:
458:
454:
452:
445:Lucius Verus
390:Lucius Verus
385:
384:
268:Lucius Verus
242:98–117
110:Lucius Verus
55:Roman Empire
49:
26:
4256:Cassius Dio
4216:Cassius Dio
4173:Birley 2013
4145:T.D. Barnes
3924:References:
3525:Gordian III
2292:L. Commodus
232:96–98
145:Regnal name
4605:138 deaths
4600:101 births
4594:Categories
4318:24, 337ff.
4260:HA Hadrian
4187:23.15–16;
4185:HA Hadrian
4116:HA Hadrian
4071:References
3600:Small Caps
2784:Cornificia
704:coin finds
396:and named
324:Succession
218:Chronology
170:(adoptive)
4286:(1845) .
4264:HA Aelius
4258:69.21.1;
4220:HA Aelius
4218:69.17.1;
4088:Athenaeum
3746:"Hadrian"
3699:"Hadrian"
3613:or other)
590:his villa
426:of Aelius
4463:136–137
4417:(eds.).
4363:(2013).
4332:HA Verus
4147:(1967) "
3989:(2014).
3939:14 April
3609:Augustae
3089:Commodus
2516:Faustina
2502:Fundania
1785:Antinous
1223:Marciana
651:Antinous
598:adopting
565:Bust of
441:Denarius
424:Denarius
288:Commodus
4630:Ceionii
4515:himself
4270:4.6–7;
4161:Phoenix
3605:Augusti
3572:emperor
3132:Lucilla
3108:Fadilla
2305:unknown
2298:Plautia
1768:Hadrian
1257:Plotina
677:Hadrian
658:Sources
635:In his
578:Hadrian
567:Hadrian
527:Lucilla
494:Plautia
490:Etruria
476:Ceionia
394:Hadrian
248:Hadrian
213:96–192)
179:Plautia
168:Hadrian
137:Hadrian
72:, Paris
53:of the
34:Sejanus
4452:Trajan
4425:
4394:
4375:
4316:Hermes
4262:24.1;
4065:Fronto
3997:
3975:
3956:
3759:passim
3625:Notes:
3590:
3584:
3578:
3568:
2561:Avidia
1759:Sabina
1239:Trajan
1215:Flavia
1037:Marcia
692:Digest
594:Tivoli
507:Avidia
496:. The
301:Family
238:Trajan
175:Mother
162:Father
98:Avidia
94:Spouse
70:Louvre
51:Caesar
4625:Aelii
4560:with
4505:with
4266:6.9;
4027:Notes
3880:72.22
2846:) (1)
1079:Ulpia
1058:Nerva
1013:Titus
684:Galen
608:Death
482:(the
228:Nerva
128:Names
105:Issue
4573:and
4423:ISBN
4392:ISBN
4373:ISBN
3995:ISBN
3973:ISBN
3954:ISBN
3941:2015
702:and
694:and
473:gens
86:Died
78:Born
4557:137
4502:136
4159:",
4151:",
3930:DIR
3695:DIR
3325:(1)
3126:(2)
1509:(1)
1490:(3)
1480:(2)
592:at
4596::
4413:;
4409:;
4297:^
4196:^
4092:35
4090:,
4061:HA
3905:^
3885:HA
3856:^
3816:^
3800:^
3775:^
3706:^
3685:^
3673:^
3652:^
3607:,
3532:r.
3096:r.
2842:r.
2799:r.
2532:r.
1774:r.
1246:r.
1065:r.
1020:r.
641:,
569:,
211:AD
4517:,
4481:,
4431:.
4400:.
4381:.
4017:.
4003:.
3981:.
3962:.
3943:.
3891:.
3735:.
3701:.
3611:,
3536:)
3529:(
3359:?
3100:)
3093:(
2839:(
2803:)
2796:(
2536:)
2529:(
1778:)
1771:(
1250:)
1243:(
1069:)
1062:(
1024:)
1017:(
736:e
729:t
722:v
533:.
372:e
365:t
358:v
209:(
139:)
36:.
20:)
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