Knowledge (XXG)

Lucía Sánchez Saornil

Source 📝

986: 1052:. But the government refused, stating that as the Mujeres Libres was not a formal organisation with committees and officials, they couldn't recognise it. In response, in August 1937, the Mujeres Libres held its first national conference and reorganised itself into a national federation, based on the model of the CNT. But even after reorganising, the Mujeres Libres still lacked broader support from the anarchist movement. In December 1938, the Casal de la Dona Treballadora was evicted by police and repossessed by the 213: 50: 891:. At the time, Sánchez Saornil was working for a railway union and procured a list of anarcho-syndicalist women's groups. They wrote to these groups, inviting them to discuss their experiences and issues they were having, and ended up receiving responses from throughout Spain. By 1935, the ensuing exchange of letters between these groups had set the groundwork for a national network of libertarian women's organisations. 677: 653: 665: 1044:"This feminine force that we wish to create and that we are creating has, of course, a purpose and a political destiny much greater than sewing uniforms for militiamen or visiting the sick These are immediate needs, required by the circumstances Our organization has other more far-reaching goals that inform its principles and that must, at all times, guide its actions." 1099:"Mujeres Libres is not interested in 'feminine unity,' because that does not represent anything. We have called a thousand times for political and syndical unity, the only kind of unity that truly contributes to the cause As long as differences among the tendencies exist, a fusion of groups is impossible, because it is incompatible with human variety." 887:. In 1933, the pair attended a meeting of the CNT. They had been invited there to act as "women teachers", but instead found themselves being silenced by their male comrades, who still viewed women negatively. Frustrated by the experience, they left the meeting early and began to discuss alternatives at the 1147:. She lived there precariously but ultimately stayed under the radar, as she hadn't been publicly photographed during the civil war and most of her publications had been made anonymously. She was sheltered by a friend, who she had herself sheltered during the war, in 1162:, and lived for 30 years with her partner América Barroso. Months after the death of her sister, on 2 June 1970, Lucía Sánchez Saornil died. Barroso inscribed a line from one of her poems on her gravestone: "But can it be true that hope has died?" 1174:
Luciano de San Saor. She wrote essays like "The Question of Feminism" and "The Women Question in our Media," followed by "A Summary on the Woman Question: For Compañero Vázquez," wherein she first developed her rationale for co-creating
968:
Within the organisation and as a writer for its homonymous magazine, Sánchez Saornil developed a reputation as a firebrand, a keen organiser and a powerful orator, reminding many libertarian women of the Parisian anarchist heroine
1037: 911: 508: 1068:"It is a pity that you compañeros have always had so little time to acquaint yourselves with the valuable work of Mujeres Libres and that the consequence of this is the little interest you have shown in responding to our plea." 513: 2245: 2240: 1040:. Part of the goal in the Mujeres Libres visiting the front was for them to educate the militiamen and to create a "conscientious and responsible female force". Sánchez Saornil herself said: 1798:(1999). "Un/Contested Identities: Motherhood, Sex Reform and the Modernization of Gender Identity in Early Twentieth-Century Spain". In Enders, Victoria Loree; Radcliff, Pamela Beth (eds.). 876:, Sánchez Saornil floated the idea of establishing a women's education organization to a number of trade unions, but she was rebuffed by each of them and decided to return to Madrid. 1179:, both the journal and the organization. One of her more scathing essays, "The Marriage Ceremony or Spiritual Cowardice," delineates her critiques of marriage as a contract of sale. 926:
organisation ran by and for women. Her program suggested classes to raise women's literacy and education, apprenticeships in different sectors of industry, and groups for developing
774:. She developed a program for such an organisation and, together with Comaposada and Poch y Gascón, established the Mujeres Libres, a nationwide organisation of anarchist feminists. 894:
As the activity of these anarchist women's groups increased, Sánchez Saornil also began to contribute a number of articles about women's issues in the pages of the FAI's magazine
707: 1064:(FAI) responded to their requests for assistance, the CNT showed the Mujeres Libres little support. In a letter to the CNT's national committee, Sánchez Saornil wrote: 1193: 2225: 914:. While he expressed his sympathies with women's struggles, he ended up insisting that women's liberation ought to be put aside until workers had won the 1095:, as she believed each women's organisation should maintain its own individual character, while each working towards women's emancipation. She declared: 546: 2200: 1113: 1033: 1024:, where she became an editor in the anarchist press. As the Republicans faced a worsening subsistence crisis, exacerbated by refugees from the 1010: 786: 782: 700: 520: 2175: 1975: 1930: 1017:, who corresponded frequently with Sánchez Saornil, inspiring her to coordinate an international campaign to support the Spanish revolution. 857: 759: 2230: 1638: 2190: 2112: 2022: 1878: 1813: 1777: 1696: 1673: 1595: 1078: 693: 2250: 2210: 1053: 1032:
by Britain and France, she publicised the situation and fundraised for the republican cause. She became the general secretary of
884: 574: 770:
attitude of men within the movement, deciding it necessary to form specific women's libertarian groups in order to organise for
743:. Born into a working-class Madrilenian family, she taught herself from an early age and began writing poems for the burgeoning 2235: 2180: 902: 2185: 888: 49: 985: 922:", which lay the groundwork for the establishment of a libertarian women's organization. She called for the creation of a 896: 560: 2096: 2220: 2205: 2128: 2076: 1941: 1727: 1688: 1124:. After her release, she engaged in support work for Spanish republican refugees, which made her a target following the 1061: 847: 1005:, working as a front line journalist and propagandist for the anarchists. She began to utilise her poetry as a form of 2215: 1121: 1073: 864:, theoretically achieved by the new republic, were still largely inaccessible to women, and started to advocate for 2170: 2071: 1049: 196: 2255: 1136: 842: 1889: 2165: 942: 838: 755: 740: 610: 430: 2195: 1950: 962: 927: 865: 771: 395: 1990:"Dos intelectuales anarquistas frente al problema de la mujer: Federica Montseny y Lucia Sánchez Saornil" 1048:
Sánchez Saornil and Comaposada also requested the recognition of the Mujeres Libres by the government of
1985: 1795: 1759: 1117: 1088: 931: 950: 923: 907: 1083:
to unite under their banner, as she believed the organisation was more than capable of continuing its
2160: 2155: 1140: 973:. Sánchez Saornil wrote a number of articles for the Mujeres Libres journal, including an article on 869: 826: 581: 567: 380: 315: 1155:. She accepted the defeat of the republic, but kept her own utopian hope alive through her writing. 1109: 880: 790: 736: 605: 360: 355: 325: 247: 212: 76: 1747: 1644: 1198: 1092: 763: 630: 420: 152: 785:(SIA), making frequent trips to the frontline and campaigning for international support for the 2045: 2108: 2018: 1997: 1971: 1967: 1926: 1909: 1874: 1849: 1819: 1809: 1783: 1773: 1739: 1702: 1692: 1669: 1634: 1609: 1601: 1591: 1579: 1159: 998: 861: 778: 748: 600: 445: 415: 400: 257: 242: 172: 1158:
Sánchez Saornil spent much of the rest of her life caring for her sister Conchita, who had a
2123: 2041: 1901: 1731: 1661: 1626: 1188: 1125: 946: 728: 657: 625: 470: 460: 335: 310: 280: 252: 204: 176: 132: 1036:(SIA) and made regular supply trips to the front-line, along with other Mujeres Libres and 941:
organisation, which Sánchez Saornil and Comaposada co-founded with the anarchist physician
1841: 1152: 1144: 1025: 1002: 977:
agricultural workers, intended to educate its readership in the big cities on rural life.
814: 794: 681: 669: 620: 615: 498: 450: 390: 385: 305: 290: 96: 1091:
without requiring standardisation within a state structure. She upheld the principle of
1799: 1763: 938: 915: 732: 724: 553: 503: 465: 455: 350: 345: 142: 676: 2149: 2066: 1751: 1665: 1656:
Graham, Helen (2009). "Sánchez Saornil, Lucía (1895–1970)". In Ness, Immanuel (ed.).
1648: 1621:
Kowal, Donna M. (2019). "Anarcha-Feminism". In Adams, Matthew S.; Levy, Carl (eds.).
1084: 1057: 970: 853: 435: 410: 365: 300: 1129: 1014: 990: 475: 425: 405: 375: 340: 20: 1989: 1943:
Lucía Sánchez Saornil; una vida y una obra alternativas a la sociedad de su tiempo
1630: 781:, she continued her work with the Mujeres Libres and also served as secretary of 1890:"Perspectivas de género en la traducción de los poemas de Lucía Sánchez Saornil" 330: 320: 295: 285: 275: 118: 1805: 1716:"Where is Spain? The rappel à l'ordre and The Poetry of Lucía Sánchez Saornil" 974: 829:, at a time when women were beginning to become the sector's main work force. 539: 370: 114: 2001: 1913: 1853: 1743: 1584:
Free Women of Spain: Anarchism and the Struggle for the Emancipation of Women
1905: 1870: 1613: 954: 873: 637: 493: 237: 227: 1960:"Lucía Sánchez Saornil: Introducción a la vida y obra de una "Mujer Libre"" 1863:"Lucía Sánchez Saornil: una voz "ultra", más allá de su condición femenina" 1862: 1735: 1013:
cultural production. Her writing attracted the attention of the anarchist
2104: 1587: 1171: 1148: 1021: 1006: 918:. Sánchez Saornil responded with her own series of five articles titled " 822: 798: 744: 232: 92: 1867:
Praestans Labore Victor: Homenaje al Profesor Víctor García de la Concha
1029: 24: 1923:
Lucia Sánchez Saornil: Poeta, periodista y fundadora de mujeres libres
1715: 1135:
She was arrested but managed to escape before she could be taken to a
2014: 1958:
Miguel, Giuliana; Rostichelli, Michelle; Lemos Silva, Thiago (2016).
1769: 958: 810: 767: 162: 122: 72: 1959: 1706: 1685:
Fearless Women in the Mexican Revolution and the Spanish Civil War
1605: 1194:
Anarchism and issues related to love and sex § Mujeres Libres
984: 937:
These discussions set the groundwork for the establishment of the
793:, she briefly fled into exile, before clandestinely returning to 1787: 818: 1823: 1801:
Constructing Spanish Womanhood: Female Identity in Modern Spain
1009:, writing a series of poems that played an important role in 2246:
Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
872:. As an activist within the libertarian women's movement of 2241:
Spanish women of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
1295: 1293: 1256: 1254: 1072:
Sánchez Saornil also dismissed calls by the Communist-led
1921:
Fontanillas Borras, Antonia; Martínez Muñoz, Pau (2014).
1765:
Defying Male Civilization: Women in the Spanish Civil War
1658:
The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest
1522: 1520: 1518: 1516: 2101:
Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas
1217: 1215: 1213: 1842:"Lucía Sánchez Saornil: de la vanguardia al olvido" 1020:Sánchez Saornil moved to the Republican capital of 182: 168: 158: 148: 138: 128: 110: 102: 82: 59: 40: 797:and living out the rest of her life in hiding in 2011:Lucía Sánchez Saornil, entre mujeres anarquistas 1625:. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 265–280. 1116:, forcing Sánchez Saornil to flee into exile in 817:and from a young age developed her talents as a 1097: 1066: 1042: 31: and the second or maternal family name is 949:organisation set itself the goal of achieving 906:. In the latter, the CNT's general secretary 701: 16:Spanish poet, anarchist, feminist (1895–1970) 8: 813:, into a poor working-class family. She was 1873:: Ediciones Universidad. pp. 263–278. 841:in 1931, Sánchez Saornil participated in a 2065:Marin Silvestre, Dolors (8 October 2010). 1562: 1538: 1503: 1491: 1479: 1467: 1455: 1439: 1423: 1371: 1359: 1323: 1311: 1299: 1284: 1272: 1260: 1245: 1233: 708: 694: 191: 48: 37: 1714:Ludington, Zachary Rockwell (June 2017). 1143:, she decided to return clandestinely to 860:(CNT). She quickly came to consider that 731:activist, best known for co-founding the 2046:"Lucía Sánchez Saornil: La vanguardista" 766:. She quickly became discouraged by the 723:(13 December 1895 – 2 June 1970), was a 1970:: Editorial Eleuterio. pp. 13–28. 1964:La cuestión femenina en nuestros medios 1387: 1343: 1327: 1209: 203: 1861:Celma Valero, María del Pilar (2005). 1846:DUODA: Estudis de la diferència sexual 1526: 1507: 1443: 1427: 1411: 1383: 1221: 1034:Solidaridad Internacional Antifascista 783:Solidaridad Internacional Antifascista 1550: 1399: 1347: 1331: 1170:Sánchez Saornil wrote under the male 547:On the Question of Women's Liberation 7: 2122:Soriano Jiménez, Ignacio C. (2022). 2009:Soriano Jiménez, Ignacio C. (2022). 1151:, where she earned a living through 1120:, where she was briefly held in the 953:from their "triple enslavement" by 856:, which first brought her into the 521:Women's Rights Recovery Association 2226:20th-century Spanish women writers 1623:The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism 989:Lucía Sánchez Saornil (left) with 858:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo 837:Following the proclamation of the 809:Lucía Sánchez Saornil was born in 760:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo 14: 1865:. In San Jos Lera, Javier (ed.). 1840:Casamitjana, Rosa Martín (1992). 910:published two articles regarding 825:. In 1916, she started work as a 762:(CNT) and became involved in the 1962:. In Lemos Silva, Thiago (ed.). 1666:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1301 1074:Association of Antifascist Women 1001:, Sánchez Saornil joined in the 675: 663: 651: 575:The Tyranny of Structurelessness 211: 2095:Sánchez Saornil, Lucía (2005). 1994:Convivium: Revista de Filosofía 2201:Spanish LGBTQ rights activists 997:Following the outbreak of the 821:, writing for journals of the 754:After the proclamation of the 1: 2072:Diccionari Biogràfic de Dones 1996:(in Spanish) (44–45): 71–99. 1683:Linhard, Alexa Tabea (2005). 561:The Politics of Individualism 2176:Spanish anarcho-syndicalists 2129:Real Academia de la Historia 1728:University of North Carolina 1689:University of Missouri Press 1631:10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_15 1062:Iberian Anarchist Federation 1056:, who turned it over to the 54:Lucía Sánchez Saornil (1939) 23:, the first or paternal 2099:. In Graham, Robert (ed.). 1122:Argelers concentration camp 735:organisation together with 2272: 2231:20th-century Spanish poets 2097:"The Question of Feminism" 764:Spanish anarchist movement 18: 1925:(in Spanish). Malatesta. 1848:(in Spanish) (3): 45–66. 1050:Francisco Largo Caballero 47: 2191:Spanish feminist writers 1054:Ministry of the Interior 900:and the CNT's newspaper 758:in 1931, she joined the 2251:Lesbian trade unionists 2211:Spanish lesbian writers 2124:"Lucía Sánchez Saornil" 2067:"Lucía Sánchez Saornil" 1949:(Thesis) (in Spanish). 1906:10.1285/i22390359v11p93 1586:. Oakland, California: 1139:. At the height of the 1137:Nazi concentration camp 883:, a law student at the 839:Second Spanish Republic 756:Second Spanish Republic 611:Individualist anarchism 2236:LGBTQ history in Spain 2181:Libertarian socialists 1951:University of Valencia 1940:Gimeno, Luz Sanfeliu. 1101: 1070: 1046: 994: 2186:Spanish anti-fascists 2017:: La Linterna Sorda. 1888:Chessa, Sara (2014). 1736:10.1353/hsf.2017.0032 1687:. Columbia Missouri: 1580:Ackelsberg, Martha A. 1089:consciousness raising 988: 932:consciousness raising 721:Lucía Sánchez Saornil 42:Lucía Sánchez Saornil 2107:: Black Rose Books. 1442:, pp. 174–175; 1426:, pp. 174–175; 1326:, pp. 122–123; 1141:Francoist repression 943:Amparo Poch y Gascón 920:La cuestión femenina 885:University of Madrid 827:switchboard operator 741:Amparo Poch y Gascón 658:Anarchism portal 568:The Traffic in Women 2221:Spanish women poets 2206:Spanish LGBTQ poets 1565:, pp. 168–169. 1482:, pp. 182–183. 1350:, pp. 270–271. 1314:, pp. 136–137. 1275:, pp. 121–122. 1236:, pp. 120–121. 928:women's empowerment 881:Mercedes Comaposada 866:women's empowerment 772:women's empowerment 737:Mercedes Comaposada 682:Politics portal 670:Feminism portal 606:Anarcho-syndicalism 248:Reproductive rights 106:Luciano de San Saor 2216:People from Madrid 1894:Lingue e Linguaggi 1808:. pp. 25–50. 1346:, pp. 37–38; 1330:, pp. 37–38; 1199:Anarchism in Spain 1108:In February 1939, 1093:unity in diversity 995: 951:women's liberation 947:anarchist feminist 924:women's liberation 908:Mariano R. Vázquez 903:Solidaridad Obrera 749:Ultraist movements 2171:Anarcha-feminists 2050:Segunda República 1977:978-956-9261-20-6 1968:Santiago de Chile 1932:978-84-941712-2-2 1160:chronic condition 1003:defense of Madrid 999:Spanish Civil War 897:Tierra y Libertad 823:Futurist movement 791:fall of Catalonia 779:Spanish Civil War 718: 717: 601:Anarcho-communism 253:Women's education 243:Intersectionality 190: 189: 169:Literary movement 2263: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2118: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2080: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2028: 2005: 1981: 1954: 1948: 1936: 1917: 1884: 1857: 1827: 1791: 1755: 1710: 1679: 1660:. pp. 1–3. 1652: 1617: 1566: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1536: 1530: 1524: 1511: 1501: 1495: 1489: 1483: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1459: 1453: 1447: 1437: 1431: 1421: 1415: 1409: 1403: 1397: 1391: 1381: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1351: 1341: 1335: 1321: 1315: 1309: 1303: 1297: 1288: 1282: 1276: 1270: 1264: 1258: 1249: 1243: 1237: 1231: 1225: 1219: 1189:Anarcha-feminism 1082: 1038:women of the CNT 1026:Nationalist zone 993:(center) in 1938 912:women in the CNT 851: 729:anarcha-feminist 710: 703: 696: 680: 679: 668: 667: 666: 656: 655: 654: 215: 205:Anarcha-feminism 192: 177:anarcha-feminism 89: 70:13 December 1895 69: 67: 52: 38: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2265: 2264: 2262: 2261: 2260: 2256:LGBTQ anarchism 2146: 2145: 2144: 2135: 2133: 2121: 2115: 2103:. Vol. 1. 2094: 2085: 2083: 2074: 2064: 2055: 2053: 2044:(10 May 1998). 2040: 2036: 2031: 2025: 2008: 1984: 1978: 1957: 1953:. pp. 1–8. 1946: 1939: 1933: 1920: 1887: 1881: 1860: 1839: 1835: 1833:Further reading 1830: 1816: 1794: 1780: 1772:: Arden Press. 1758: 1713: 1699: 1682: 1676: 1655: 1641: 1620: 1598: 1578: 1574: 1569: 1563:Ackelsberg 2005 1561: 1557: 1549: 1545: 1539:Ackelsberg 2005 1537: 1533: 1525: 1514: 1506:, p. 181; 1504:Ackelsberg 2005 1502: 1498: 1492:Ackelsberg 2005 1490: 1486: 1480:Ackelsberg 2005 1478: 1474: 1468:Ackelsberg 2005 1466: 1462: 1456:Ackelsberg 2005 1454: 1450: 1440:Ackelsberg 2005 1438: 1434: 1430:, pp. 1–2. 1424:Ackelsberg 2005 1422: 1418: 1414:, pp. 1–2. 1410: 1406: 1398: 1394: 1382: 1378: 1372:Ackelsberg 2005 1370: 1366: 1360:Ackelsberg 2005 1358: 1354: 1342: 1338: 1324:Ackelsberg 2005 1322: 1318: 1312:Ackelsberg 2005 1310: 1306: 1300:Ackelsberg 2005 1298: 1291: 1285:Ackelsberg 2005 1283: 1279: 1273:Ackelsberg 2005 1271: 1267: 1261:Ackelsberg 2005 1259: 1252: 1246:Ackelsberg 2005 1244: 1240: 1234:Ackelsberg 2005 1232: 1228: 1220: 1211: 1207: 1185: 1168: 1153:contingent work 1106: 1076: 1060:. Although the 983: 845: 835: 807: 795:Francoist Spain 714: 674: 664: 662: 652: 650: 643: 642: 621:Feminist theory 616:Queer anarchism 596: 588: 587: 540:Natural Justice 534: 526: 525: 499:Mujeres Creando 489: 481: 480: 441:Sánchez Saornil 271: 263: 262: 223: 186:América Barroso 91: 87: 71: 65: 63: 55: 43: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2269: 2267: 2259: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2166:Mujeres Libres 2163: 2158: 2148: 2147: 2143: 2142: 2119: 2113: 2092: 2062: 2037: 2035: 2034:External links 2032: 2030: 2029: 2023: 2013:(in Spanish). 2006: 1982: 1976: 1966:(in Spanish). 1955: 1937: 1931: 1918: 1896:(in Spanish). 1885: 1879: 1869:(in Spanish). 1858: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1828: 1814: 1792: 1778: 1756: 1711: 1697: 1680: 1674: 1653: 1640:978-3319756196 1639: 1618: 1596: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1567: 1555: 1553:, p. 271. 1543: 1541:, p. 181. 1531: 1512: 1496: 1494:, p. 196. 1484: 1472: 1470:, p. 182. 1460: 1458:, p. 176. 1448: 1432: 1416: 1404: 1402:, p. 471. 1392: 1376: 1374:, p. 133. 1364: 1362:, p. 122. 1352: 1336: 1334:, p. 270. 1316: 1304: 1302:, p. 126. 1289: 1287:, p. 178. 1277: 1265: 1250: 1248:, p. 121. 1238: 1226: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1184: 1181: 1177:Mujeres Libres 1167: 1164: 1126:fall of France 1110:Catalonia fell 1105: 1102: 982: 979: 939:Mujeres Libres 916:class conflict 879:There she met 862:women's rights 834: 833:Early activism 831: 806: 803: 733:Mujeres Libres 716: 715: 713: 712: 705: 698: 690: 687: 686: 685: 684: 672: 660: 645: 644: 641: 640: 635: 634: 633: 628: 618: 613: 608: 603: 597: 595:Related topics 594: 593: 590: 589: 586: 585: 578: 571: 564: 557: 554:SCUM Manifesto 550: 543: 535: 532: 531: 528: 527: 524: 523: 518: 517: 516: 511: 504:Mujeres Libres 501: 496: 490: 487: 486: 483: 482: 479: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 278: 272: 269: 268: 265: 264: 261: 260: 258:Women's health 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 224: 221: 220: 217: 216: 208: 207: 201: 200: 188: 187: 184: 180: 179: 170: 166: 165: 160: 156: 155: 150: 146: 145: 140: 136: 135: 130: 126: 125: 119:trade unionist 112: 108: 107: 104: 100: 99: 90:(aged 74) 84: 80: 79: 61: 57: 56: 53: 45: 44: 41: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2268: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2196:Lesbian poets 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2169: 2167: 2164: 2162: 2159: 2157: 2154: 2153: 2151: 2131: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2116: 2114:1-55164-251-4 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2081: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2038: 2033: 2026: 2024:9788412254761 2020: 2016: 2012: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1956: 1952: 1945: 1944: 1938: 1934: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1886: 1882: 1880:84-7800-490-4 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1815:0-7914-4029-X 1811: 1807: 1803: 1802: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1779:0-912869-15-1 1775: 1771: 1767: 1766: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1698:0-8262-1611-0 1694: 1690: 1686: 1681: 1677: 1675:9781405198073 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1597:1-902593-96-0 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1571: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1532: 1528: 1523: 1521: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1436: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1405: 1401: 1396: 1393: 1390:, p. 78. 1389: 1386:, p. 1; 1385: 1380: 1377: 1373: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1356: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1320: 1317: 1313: 1308: 1305: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1263:, p. 88. 1262: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1242: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1227: 1223: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1204: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1180: 1178: 1173: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1085:direct action 1080: 1075: 1069: 1065: 1063: 1059: 1058:Bank of Spain 1055: 1051: 1045: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 992: 987: 980: 978: 976: 972: 971:Louise Michel 966: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 935: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 904: 899: 898: 892: 890: 886: 882: 877: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 849: 844: 843:strike action 840: 832: 830: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 804: 802: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 775: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 752: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 711: 706: 704: 699: 697: 692: 691: 689: 688: 683: 678: 673: 671: 661: 659: 649: 648: 647: 646: 639: 636: 632: 629: 627: 624: 623: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 598: 592: 591: 584: 583: 579: 577: 576: 572: 570: 569: 565: 563: 562: 558: 556: 555: 551: 549: 548: 544: 542: 541: 537: 536: 530: 529: 522: 519: 515: 512: 510: 507: 506: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 491: 488:Organizations 485: 484: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 431:Poch y Gascón 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 277: 274: 273: 267: 266: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 225: 219: 218: 214: 210: 209: 206: 202: 198: 194: 193: 185: 181: 178: 174: 171: 167: 164: 161: 157: 154: 151: 147: 144: 141: 137: 134: 131: 127: 124: 120: 116: 113: 109: 105: 101: 98: 94: 85: 81: 78: 74: 62: 58: 51: 46: 39: 34: 30: 26: 22: 2134:. Retrieved 2132:(in Spanish) 2127: 2100: 2084:. Retrieved 2082:(in Catalan) 2070: 2054:. Retrieved 2052:(in Spanish) 2049: 2010: 1993: 1963: 1942: 1922: 1897: 1893: 1866: 1845: 1800: 1764: 1723: 1719: 1684: 1657: 1622: 1583: 1572:Bibliography 1558: 1546: 1534: 1529:, p. 2. 1510:, p. 2. 1499: 1487: 1475: 1463: 1451: 1446:, p. 1. 1435: 1419: 1407: 1395: 1388:Linhard 2005 1379: 1367: 1355: 1344:Linhard 2005 1339: 1328:Linhard 2005 1319: 1307: 1280: 1268: 1241: 1229: 1224:, p. 1. 1176: 1169: 1157: 1134: 1130:Nazi Germany 1114:Nationalists 1107: 1098: 1071: 1067: 1047: 1043: 1019: 1015:Emma Goldman 996: 991:Emma Goldman 967: 963:exploitation 936: 919: 901: 895: 893: 878: 836: 808: 789:. After the 776: 753: 725:Spanish poet 720: 719: 580: 573: 566: 559: 552: 545: 538: 440: 153:20th century 88:(1970-06-02) 32: 28: 21:Spanish name 2161:1970 deaths 2156:1895 births 2075: [ 1720:Hispanófila 1527:Graham 2009 1508:Graham 2009 1444:Graham 2009 1428:Graham 2009 1412:Graham 2009 1384:Graham 2009 1222:Graham 2009 1077: [ 945:. This new 889:Retiro Park 846: [ 815:self-taught 787:Republicans 777:During the 461:Waisbrooker 222:Core tenets 139:Nationality 86:2 June 1970 2150:Categories 1986:Nash, Mary 1900:: 93–103. 1806:SUNY Press 1796:Nash, Mary 1760:Nash, Mary 1730:: 91–107. 1707:2005016913 1606:2003113040 1551:Kowal 2019 1400:Kowal 2019 1348:Kowal 2019 1332:Kowal 2019 1205:References 1104:Later life 1011:Republican 854:Telefónica 533:Literature 386:Kuliscioff 326:Comaposada 115:Journalist 111:Occupation 66:1895-12-13 2002:0010-8235 1914:2239-0359 1871:Salamanca 1854:1132-6751 1752:148726995 1744:2165-6185 1649:242073896 1582:(2005) . 981:Civil War 975:Castilian 955:ignorance 874:Barcelona 870:education 805:Biography 638:Zapatismo 631:Socialist 494:Liebig 34 361:Hiratsuka 316:de Cleyre 311:Claramunt 306:Capetillo 238:Free love 228:Anarchism 2105:Montreal 2056:21 April 2042:El Mundo 1988:(1975). 1788:95-18301 1762:(1995). 1614:63382446 1588:AK Press 1183:See also 1172:pen name 1149:Valencia 1022:Valencia 1007:agitprop 930:through 868:through 852:against 799:Valencia 745:Futurist 582:The Word 466:Wichmann 456:Takamure 416:Montseny 391:Kuzmenko 301:Campbell 233:Feminism 197:a series 195:Part of 173:Ultraism 129:Language 103:Pen name 93:Valencia 19:In this 1824:98-6190 1166:Writing 1112:to the 1030:embargo 1028:and an 626:Radical 451:Solanas 436:Roussel 426:Parsons 406:Marsden 396:Lacerda 351:Heywood 341:Goldman 336:Galindo 281:Berneri 183:Partner 143:Spanish 133:Spanish 33:Saornil 29:Sánchez 25:surname 2136:8 June 2111:  2086:8 June 2021:  2015:Madrid 2000:  1974:  1929:  1912:  1877:  1852:  1822:  1812:  1786:  1776:  1770:Denver 1750:  1742:  1705:  1695:  1672:  1647:  1637:  1612:  1604:  1594:  1118:France 959:sexism 811:Madrid 768:sexist 476:Witkop 471:Wilson 411:Michel 366:Holmes 356:He-Yin 346:Harman 331:Federn 291:Bolten 276:Austin 270:People 163:Poetry 149:Period 123:writer 73:Madrid 2079:] 1947:(PDF) 1748:S2CID 1726:(1). 1645:S2CID 1145:Spain 1081:] 850:] 421:Montt 381:Kelly 376:Kanno 321:Crabb 286:Biehl 159:Genre 97:Spain 77:Spain 2138:2023 2109:ISBN 2088:2023 2058:2023 2019:ISBN 1998:ISSN 1972:ISBN 1927:ISBN 1910:ISSN 1875:ISBN 1850:ISSN 1820:LCCN 1810:ISBN 1784:LCCN 1774:ISBN 1740:ISSN 1703:LCCN 1693:ISBN 1670:ISBN 1635:ISBN 1610:OCLC 1602:LCCN 1592:ISBN 1087:and 961:and 819:poet 747:and 739:and 727:and 446:Sjöö 401:Mañé 296:Boni 83:Died 60:Born 1902:doi 1732:doi 1724:180 1662:doi 1627:doi 1128:to 514:FAI 509:CNT 371:Itō 27:is 2152:: 2126:. 2077:ca 2069:. 2048:. 1992:. 1908:. 1898:11 1892:. 1844:. 1818:. 1804:. 1782:. 1768:. 1746:. 1738:. 1722:. 1718:. 1701:. 1691:. 1668:. 1643:. 1633:. 1608:. 1600:. 1590:. 1515:^ 1292:^ 1253:^ 1212:^ 1132:. 1079:es 965:. 957:, 934:. 848:ca 801:. 751:. 199:on 175:, 121:, 117:, 95:, 75:, 2140:. 2117:. 2090:. 2060:. 2027:. 2004:. 1980:. 1935:. 1916:. 1904:: 1883:. 1856:. 1826:. 1790:. 1754:. 1734:: 1709:. 1678:. 1664:: 1651:. 1629:: 1616:. 709:e 702:t 695:v 68:) 64:( 35:.

Index

Spanish name
surname
Portrait photograph of Lucía Sánchez Saornil
Madrid
Spain
Valencia
Spain
Journalist
trade unionist
writer
Spanish
Spanish
20th century
Poetry
Ultraism
anarcha-feminism
a series
Anarcha-feminism

Anarchism
Feminism
Free love
Intersectionality
Reproductive rights
Women's education
Women's health
Austin
Berneri
Biehl
Bolten

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.