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128:, where swampy terrain means that large-scale crops cannot be planted near the main rivers, only the Twa fish. They exchanged their catch for agricultural produce from their patrons. Up to the 1920s the Twa built their huts on the marshes, but they were moved to higher ground for ease of taxation. By the 1970s many of the Twa identified as Lenje, and consequently abandoned fishing, as the Lenje have a strong cultural aversion to that activity. They have been replaced by immigrants to the region, primarily
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across central and southern Africa. The
Lukanga Twa live primarily among the
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Muntemba, M. 1977. "Thwarted
Development". In Palmer & Parsons (eds)
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The Roots of rural poverty in central and southern Africa,
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living in a patron–client relationship with farming
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288:Lukanga Twa
176:Twa peoples
56:introducing
496:Categories
140:References
253:Kafwe Twa
134:Malawians
64:June 2022
353:Tokaleya
318:Ndwandwe
154:See also
149:Volume 1
363:Tumbuka
100:fishing
90:of the
52:improve
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348:Subiya
333:Nsenga
313:Mwanga
308:Mbunda
303:Mambwe
278:Lovale
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343:Senga
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298:Lungu
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238:Chewa
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115:Lenje
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