347:
whether historically double or not, except when beginning a word and except m and s. Aspiration is sometimes indicated by writing h before the aspirated consonant, not after it as in the later texts and to-day. We write the word here, therefore, in unaspirated form, cvev, which stands for older qvev or gev according to the orthography employed (usually in the inscriptions the labialised q is written merely q, not qv). The word qev, "vassal, servant," occurs so spelt in an unpublished ogam from northern
Scotland, of date before A.D. 600. The modern Gaelic, descending from qev by regular phonetic law, is ce, "companion, spouse," the same semantic development as is seen in celi above, which gives to-day ceile, of the same meaning. It may be remarked in passing that this Old Gaelic inscription of Lunnasting was specially selected by Bhys to "challenge" the possibility of its being explained by "any Aryan language" (Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. xxxii. p. 325).”
143:
Lockwood (1975) writes that "the last word is clearly the commonly occurring name
Nechton, but the rest, even allowing for the perhaps arbitrary doubling of consonants in Ogam, appears so exotic that philologists conclude that Pictish was a non-Indo-European language of unknown affinities". This view
59:
The stone is made of slate and is 44 inches (1.1 m) long, by about 13 inches (0.33 m) in breadth and 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick with the inscription on the flat surface. In addition to the ogham letters, which are arranged down a centre line, there is a small cruciform mark near the top,
346:
Diack wrote in a footnote: “The spelling hccvvevv looks uncouth, but it is so only in the same way as foreigners speaking their own language are described as "jabbering" by those unfamiliar with it. The orthographical practice in late ogams in
Scotland is usually to write all consonants double,
185:
said "like the majority of such dramatic announcements, this one has been universally rejected. Pictish specialists dismiss it out of hand, and vasconists have been no more impressed". The criticisms focus on random readings being assigned to Ogam letters, alleged complete decipherment of
432:
University of
California, Riverside. Retrieved 12 July 2009. This paper quotes a 1969 radio talk by Douglas Gifford of the Department of Spanish of St. Andrew's University, who said that Guiter had "twisted the evidence", but also suggested that the Basque connection was worth a further
45:
132:
Vincent (1896) suggests that the stone may have been erected by "Irish missionary monks not earlier than A.D. 580" and quotes an unnamed expert's transcription of the ogham as:
771:
552:
99:", and Diack (1925) took the view that the last two words mean “the vassal of Nehtonn“ but it is otherwise without certain interpretation. Forsyth suggests
302:, quoting Allen, J. R. and J. Anderson (1903) "The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland". Part III. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
513:
121:
influence, but this could pre-date the Viking occupation of
Shetland, and an eighth- or ninth-century origin is likely for the ogham work.
545:
786:
781:
479:
456:
387:
751:
746:
226:
264:(1996) "The Ogham Inscriptions of Scotland: An Edited Corpus". Unpublished PhD. Harvard University. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
756:
538:
766:
366:
776:
631:
64:
letter or a
Christian cross. It is unknown whether this mark was made at the same time as the ogham, or added later.
401:(1995) "The ogham-inscribed spindle-whorl from Buckquoy: evidence for the Irish language in pre-Viking Orkney?", in
417:
299:
257:
52:
The stone was found by Rev. J.C. Roger in a cottage, who stated that it had been unearthed from a "moss" (i.e. a
525:
761:
681:
600:
590:
186:
inscriptions too weathered to be read with certainty, the use of 20th century Basque rather than reconstructed
96:
129:
The difficulties in providing a clear interpretation of the script have led to a number of other suggestions.
641:
148:
322:
274:
561:
323:"The Old-Celtic Inscribed and Sculptured Stone at AuquHollie, Kincardineshire, and Ogam in Scotland"
295:
254:
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174:
671:
636:
152:
33:
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73:
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651:
209:
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bog) in April 1876, having been discovered five feet (1.5 m) below the surface.
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275:"On Two Monumental Stones with Ogham Inscriptions Recently Discovered in Shetland"
469:
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580:
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445:
182:
229:, another northern European stone with what could be undeciphered writing on it
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25:
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Celtic
Culture: Aberdeen breviary-celticism : Volume 1 of Celtic culture
118:
720:
610:
29:
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do not appear convincing and were not well received academically. The
145:
169:(English: "The one of the house found me without will in the pain.")
691:
285:
pp. 20–32. Archaeology Data
Service. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
43:
21:
113:"The widow of Kenneth made (these as) testimonials on her part".
61:
53:
534:
190:
forms, disregarding syntax and highly fanciful translations.
369:
Part 2. London. Mitchell and Hughes. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
403:
The
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
162:
origin has also been suggested as providing a solution:
330:
Proceedings of the
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
279:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
713:
690:
624:
568:
380:Languages of The British Isles, Past And Present.
95:The script probably contains the personal name "
508:. Grantown-on-Spey. Colin Baxter Photography.
173:although the original speculations in 1968 by
546:
144:was also taken of the ogham inscribed on the
8:
137:eattuicheatts maheadttannn hccffstff ncdtons
89:ettecuhetts: ahehhttannn: hccvvevv: nehhtons
201:expression, meaning "this is as far" (c.f.
553:
539:
531:
367:"In Search Of Gravestones Old And Curious"
208:, "as long as"), a suitable message for a
81:ttocuhetts: ahehhttmnnn: hccvvevv: nehhton
34:National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland
48:Ogham inscription on the Lunnasting stone
441:
439:
772:Collection of National Museums Scotland
238:
110:"King Nechtan of the kin of Ahehhtmnnn"
420:Ancestry.com. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
250:
248:
246:
244:
242:
197:part has been understood as an early
7:
167:etxekoez aiekoan nahigabe ba nengoen
273:Goudie, Gilbert (11 December 1876)
336:. Archaeology Data Service: 257–69
14:
151:until its 1995 interpretation as
430:"Scotland's Ogam Inscriptions".
117:The word-dividing dots suggest
106:Other recent attempts include:
76:inscription has been read as:
1:
83:by Allen and Anderson (1903)
632:Zenith of Iron Age Shetland
504:Schei, Liv Kjørsvik (2006)
803:
474:. ABC CLIO. p. 1444.
700:St Ninian's Isle Treasure
300:University College London
258:University College London
103:is also a personal name.
787:9th-century inscriptions
782:8th-century inscriptions
682:Broch of West Burrafirth
601:Standing Stones of Yoxie
591:Pettigarths Field Cairns
752:9th century in Scotland
747:8th century in Scotland
586:Hjaltadans Stone Circle
321:Diack, Francis (1925).
227:Käymäjärvi inscriptions
642:Broch of Cullingsburgh
378:Lockwood, W.B. (1975)
149:Buckquoy spindle-whorl
49:
24:inscription, found at
20:is a stone bearing an
468:Koch, John T (2006).
449:The History of Basque
365:Vincent, W.T. (1896)
47:
757:Pictish inscriptions
562:Prehistoric Shetland
68:Inscription and date
767:History of Shetland
32:and donated to the
777:Ogham inscriptions
672:Ness of Burgi Fort
637:Broch of Clickimin
506:The Shetland Isles
418:"Clan MacNaughton"
399:Forsyth, Katherine
356:Schei (2006) p 104
50:
734:
733:
647:Broch of Culswick
616:Heel-shaped cairn
596:Scord of Brouster
514:978-1-84107-330-9
408:pp. 677–96.
91:by Forsyth (1996)
794:
705:Lunnasting stone
657:Burra Ness Broch
606:Stanydale Temple
555:
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451:Routledge: 1997
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222:Pictish language
18:Lunnasting stone
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762:Pictish culture
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677:Snabrough Broch
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158:A language of
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125:Other theories
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726:Old Scatness
714:Multi-period
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485:. Retrieved
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338:. Retrieved
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304:. Retrieved
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188:Proto-Basque
175:Henri Guiter
172:
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667:Huxter Fort
581:Funzie Girt
576:Benie Hoose
262:Forsyth, K.
183:Larry Trask
101:Ahehhttannn
741:Categories
499:References
260:, quoting
195:ttecuhetts
26:Lunnasting
569:Neolithic
446:Trask, L.
296:"LTING/1"
255:"LTING/1"
199:Brittonic
179:Vasconist
153:Old Irish
40:Discovery
36:in 1876.
721:Jarlshof
625:Iron Age
611:Vementry
216:See also
181:scholar
146:Orcadian
30:Shetland
692:Pictish
487:18 July
340:12 July
306:12 July
97:Nechtan
74:Pictish
512:
478:
455:
386:
277:(pdf)
160:Basque
433:look.
326:(PDF)
234:Notes
206:cyhyd
203:Welsh
119:Norse
62:runic
22:ogham
510:ISBN
489:2019
476:ISBN
453:ISBN
384:ISBN
342:2009
308:2009
193:The
72:The
54:peat
16:The
406:125
743::
438:^
334:59
332:.
328:.
298:.
283:12
281:.
241:^
212:.
155:.
28:,
554:e
547:t
540:v
491:.
344:.
310:.
139:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
