741:
688:
1899:
1738:
1713:
2089:
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428:
775:. This was motivated by his mistaken belief that the Allied bombing campaign directed at Germany had the goal of destroying the country's industry so that it could not be captured by the Soviet Union, and that retaining industrial capacity would position Germany to re-establish friendly relations with the western Allies following the war. It is unclear whether this had any influence of Speer's actions to prevent the implementation of the "scorched earth" policy ordered by Hitler.
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63:
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1937:
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1568:
855:
554:. Schwerin von Krosigk also held the essentially nominal offices of Foreign Minister and Finance Minister in the provisional government that controlled only a small, progressively shrinking portion of Germany, due to the rapid advance of the Allied forces who finally dissolved it and arrested its members.
714:
Krosigk held his position under both
Schleicher and Hitler as a representative of the conservative movement in Germany. While he later claimed to have remained in the role only to prevent "worse things" from happening, he welcomed the Nazi Party's rise to power and both agreed with and contributed to
830:. Dönitz and Schwerin von Krosigk attempted to negotiate an armistice with the Western allies while continuing to resist the Soviet Army. On 7 May 1945, Dönitz authorised the signature of the German Instrument of Surrender to the Allies, which took place in Rheims before General
731:
as the German economy was not yet ready, and claimed that "Communists, Jews and Czechs" were seeking to lure the country into a premature conflict. He argued that
Germany should instead "await her hour" and initiate war once it had completed building up its military and economy.
711:, but not Krosigk himself. He was rarely seen in public, and Hitler did not hold regular cabinet meetings. Following the final meeting of Hitler's cabinet in 1938 Krosigk did not make any public political statements and instead focused on running his ministry.
592:, he was convicted of laundering property stolen from Nazi victims and financing the concentration camps and sentenced to 10 years in prison; his sentence was commuted in 1951. He later worked as an author and publicist. He died on 4 March 1977.
3905:
623:
but untitled family of Anhalt and his mother Luise
Rosalie Friederike Julie Emma Ludmilla was born a countess of the Schwerin family. In 1925 he was adopted by Alfred Wilhelm Detlof Graf von Schwerin, and promoted himself to a
539:. He and his ministry were involved in the persecution of German and European Jews, including by stealing their property, and laundering money. During May 1945, after the suicides of Hitler and his designated successor
662:(senior government official) and in 1929, a ministerial director and head of the budget department at the finance ministry. In 1931, he joined the department of reparations payments, formed to deal with the
715:
many of its policies. These included measures targeting
Germany's Jewish community. While Krosigk's ability to shape Germany's fiscal policies was constrained by the influence of both the President of the
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3850:
870:
in 1949 he was found guilty of laundering property stolen from Nazi victims and financing the concentration camps, and sentenced to ten years' imprisonment. His sentence was reviewed by the "
658:, 1st class. On 7 February 1918, during the war, he married a baroness, Ehrengard Freiin von Plettenberg (1895–1979), with whom he had four sons and five daughters. In 1922, he became an
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3691:
2502:
2060:
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In
February 1945 von Krosigk stressed the importance of preserving Germany's remaining industrial capacities in a letter to Reich Minister for Weapons, Munitions, and Armaments
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then asked
Schwerin von Krosigk to succeed him as Chancellor. He declined but accepted the position of "Leading Minister" the following day. In a broadcast to the
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3052:
3885:
2965:
908:(1895–1979), daughter of Count Friedrich von Plettenberg-Heeren (1863–1924) and his wife, Countess Ehrengard von Krosigk (1873–1943). They had nine children.
3820:
3915:
3684:
2495:
2053:
1114:(always lower case) is part of the family name or territorial designation, not a first or middle name, if the noble is referred to by his last name, use
1346:
2672:
1869:
1829:
1015:
The title of
Chancellor was not used formally. On 2 May 1945 Dönitz appointed him as Leading Minister and Reich Minister for Foreign Affairs. He was
3825:
1383:
1364:
3930:
779:
846:. On 23 May 1945, the Flensburg Government was dissolved by order of the Supreme Allied Commander, General Eisenhower, and its members arrested.
768:
From 1939, Krosigk's ministry was increasingly focused on persecuting Jews and stealing their belongings as well as illegally laundering money.
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3229:
2511:
1659:
127:
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727:), he was able to implement policies. In August 1938 Krosigk sent Hitler a memorandum which strongly argued against starting a war over the
548:
1684:
1593:
782:
Hitler selected
Krosigk to continue as finance minister after his death. He was to serve in a government headed by Goebbels as Chancellor (
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1503:
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and throughout the period of Nazi rule. Several members of his family took part in assassination attempts against
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personally bestowed by Adolf Hitler, given for honour on 30 January 1937, he automatically became a member of the
2864:
1047:
2598:
2543:
3245:
1797:
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His other daughter, Countess
Ehrengard Bertha Minetta Schwerin von Krosigk (1922–2012), married Gottfried von
854:
3870:
3568:
2902:
2623:
1315:
912:
663:
1533:, Ed. Temmen, Veröffentlichungen der Gedenk- und Bildungsstätte Haus der Wannsee-Konferenz 1, Bremen 2002.
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3277:
3270:
2879:
2756:
2751:
2722:
1043:
757:
753:
636:
582:
503:; 22 August 1887 – 4 March 1977) was a German senior government official who served as the
388:
302:
160:
1365:"Foreign Minister Bids Reich to Hope; Schwerin von Krosigk Begins Campaign to Regain Freedom for Germany"
3830:
2987:
2859:
2593:
2215:
2153:
2108:
1941:
1834:
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814:
Rapidly advancing Allied forces limited the jurisdiction of the new German government to an area around
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77:
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1936:
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Among them, his daughter, Felicitas-Anita, Countess
Schwerin von Krosigk (b. 1941), is the mother of
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544:
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1998:
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632:
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573:) to serve continuously from Hitler's appointment as Chancellor until his death. By accepting the
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The first meeting of Hitler's cabinet on 30 January 1933, with Krosigk standing third from left.
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62:
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867:
863:
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232:
654:, Krosigk served in the German Army, attaining the rank of Lieutenant, and was awarded the
3534:
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1950:
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1982:
1479:(Zweite Auflage ed.). Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag. p. 574.
792:
728:
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640:
562:
551:
98:
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2527:
2401:
2088:
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2006:
1958:
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866:, along with other leading members of the Nazi government. At the conclusion of the
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2195:
1974:
1909:
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1844:
1839:
1821:
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1169:
941:
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843:
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708:
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appointed Krosigk as national Minister of Finance, and at the request of President
570:
558:
536:
520:
454:
306:
206:
1030:
Krosigk and all members of the government were arrested on 23 May and, therefore,
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Born as Johann Ludwig von Krosigk on 22 August 1887 into a family of traditional
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3015:
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2464:
2441:
2431:
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2309:
2220:
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2014:
1990:
1859:
1512:
1099:
786:). However, Goebbels himself committed suicide only a day later, on 1 May 1945.
671:
651:
608:
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465:
274:
33:
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316:
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2304:
1531:
Die Reichsfinanzverwaltung im Nationalsozialismus. Darstellung und Dokumente
835:
815:
1249:
The Wages of Destruction : The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy
823:
1567:
1032:
1017:
601:
509:
1405:(Rev. ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 156–157.
2843:
2356:
2170:
2073:
1932:
1038:
949:
875:
819:
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on 2 May 1945, he became one of the first commentators to refer to an "
37:
1294:(in German). Munich: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 47.
839:
523:
conservative, he was appointed to the post of Minister of Finance by
1477:
Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945
1427:"Student who threw fake pie at AfD politician wants jail, not fine"
3906:
People convicted by the United States Nuremberg Military Tribunals
1223:"S. von Krosigk (bis 1925 von Krosigk), Johann Ludwig (Lutz) Graf"
1069:
889:
853:
686:
298:
988:(Studie ĂĽber die deutsche Finanzpolitik von 1920 bis 1945), 1975.
1062:
625:
561:
himself, Schwerin von Krosigk was one of the few members of the
3673:
2947:
2484:
2042:
1673:
1094:
803:" across Europe, a phrase he had picked up from an article by
822:
border, where Dönitz's headquarters were located, along with
581:(NSDAP) with membership number 3,805,231. He also joined the
1079:. In Germany, it has formed part of family names since 1919.
881:
In later years, Schwerin von Krosigk wrote several books on
968:
Die große Zeit des Feuers – Der Weg der deutschen Industrie
628:, taking the name Johann Ludwig Graf Schwerin von Krosigk.
826:. Accordingly, this administration was referred to as the
543:, he also served as "Leading Minister" of the short-lived
974:
Alles auf Wagnis – der Kaufmann gestern, heute und morgen
1586:
Newspaper clippings about Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
1384:"Doenitz, Jodl, Others Held; German Regime Is Dissolved"
619:, his father Erich Adolf Wilhelm was a member of an old
1216:
1214:
1212:
904:
He was married to his cousin, Baroness Ehrengard von
3876:
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg alumni
3551:
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3351:
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2259:
2162:
2080:
1931:
1893:
1792:
1732:
1707:
1403:
Law and War: International Law and American History
1192:"Johann Ludwig Graf Schwerin von Krosigk 1887-1977"
471:
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349:
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226:
216:
194:
176:
166:
154:
144:
126:
116:
104:
94:
76:
53:
3851:German people convicted of crimes against humanity
1460:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
1110:and usually denotes some sort of nobility. While
1073:, not a first or middle name. The female form is
1579:Biography (Deutsches Historisches Museum Berlin)
1546:Terror: Gestapo, Juden und gewöhnliche Deutsche
3921:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
858:Graf Schwerin von Krosigk on trial in NĂĽrnberg
3685:
2959:
2496:
2054:
1685:
888:Schwerin von Krosigk died on 4 March 1977 in
631:Krosigk studied law and political science at
8:
1759:Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-SchillingsfĂĽrst
1353:. Vol. 94, no. 31888. 15 May 1945.
1074:
1060:
3866:Heads of government convicted of war crimes
1371:. Vol. 94, no. 31881. 8 May 1945.
1322:. Vol. 94, no. 31881. 8 May 1945.
838:to sign another instrument of surrender in
3692:
3678:
3670:
3348:
3048:
3044:
3039:
2966:
2952:
2944:
2503:
2489:
2481:
2061:
2047:
2039:
1692:
1678:
1670:
1598:
1284:Hillmann, Jörg; Zimmermann, John (2014) .
61:
50:
27:Senior government official in Nazi Germany
1288:[The "Government" in Flensburg].
1286:"Die »Reichsregierung« in Flensburg"
3846:Ministers for foreign affairs of Germany
1825:(as Ministerpräsident, later Chancellor)
739:
1271:
1149:
1008:
723:(in his role as Plenipotentiary of the
1059:Regarding personal names: Until 1919,
3881:Members of the Academy for German Law
1347:"Regime of Doenitz Urges Recognition"
1251:. London: Penguin. pp. 272–273.
842:, in a ceremony presided over by the
527:in 1932. At the request of President
7:
3886:Government ministers of Nazi Germany
3552:Members granted rank & authority
1156:
531:, he continued in that office under
3821:20th-century chancellors of Germany
1701:Chancellors of Germany (since 1867)
834:; Dönitz would later authorise the
807:and which was later made famous by
3916:People from the Province of Saxony
703:he continued in that office under
190:1 June 1932 – 23 May 1945
25:
3463:Reichsministers without portfolio
885:and two versions of his memoirs.
140:2 May 1945 – 23 May 1945
90:2 May 1945 – 23 May 1945
2836:
2777:
2733:
2649:
2520:
2355:
2293:
2266:
2169:
2087:
1935:
1897:
1796:
1736:
1711:
1566:
1494:Neal, Stephan D Yada-MC (2018).
1036:left office. They were replaced
928:(1921-2001), younger brother of
426:
3826:Alumni of Oriel College, Oxford
3445:Paul Freiherr von Eltz-RĂĽbenach
3378:Paul Freiherr von Eltz-RĂĽbenach
2104:Franz Emil Emanuel von Burchard
1390:. Vol. 94, no. 31897.
1382:Middleton, Drew (24 May 1945).
374:Luise Rosalie Ludmilla (mother)
339:
3931:World War II political leaders
3554:equivalent to a Reichsminister
3219:Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
2278:Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
2124:Max Franz Guido von Thielmann
1573:Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
1519:. S. Fischer, Frankfurt 2005.
1498:(in German). Books on Demand.
1291:Kriegsende 1945 in Deutschland
916:Member of the German Bundestag
664:reparations Germany still owed
505:minister of finance of Germany
55:Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
1:
3926:University of Lausanne alumni
3891:Nazis convicted of war crimes
3719:(Chief Minister, independent)
2975:Members of the Hitler Cabinet
1769:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
874:". He was released during an
3901:20th-century German nobility
3841:Finance ministers of Germany
2512:Foreign Ministers of Germany
2119:Arthur von Posadowsky-Wehner
1942:Bundeskanzler (1949–present)
1660:Minister for Foreign Affairs
862:Krosigk was put on trial at
372:Erich Adolf Wilhelm (father)
128:Minister for Foreign Affairs
2844:Federal Republic of Germany
2350:Federal Republic of Germany
1590:20th Century Press Archives
1336:, 25 February 1945, pp. 1–2
1316:"The Reich Minister's Plea"
1067:was a title, translated as
982:, memoirs, 3 volumes, 1974.
402:Officer, jurist, politician
78:Leading Minister of Germany
3947:
3896:Nobility in the Nazi Party
3740:Julius Heinrich DorpmĂĽller
3024:President of the Reichstag
2785:German Democratic Republic
2114:Baron Helmuth von Maltzahn
1920:Count Schwerin von Krosigk
1802:Reichskanzler (1919–1933)
1784:Prince Maximilian of Baden
1709:North German Confederation
1102:which approximately means
1021:the Chancellor of Germany.
31:
3787:
3716:Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
3711:
3633:
3042:
3038:
2981:
2934:
2559:Hohenlohe-SchillingsfĂĽrst
2129:Baron Hermann von Stengel
2027:
1903:Reichskanzler (1933–1945)
1742:Reichskanzler (1871–1918)
1717:Bundeskanzler (1867–1871)
1657:
1649:
1638:
1630:
1623:
1614:
1606:
1601:
1458:Speer: Hitler's Architect
1221:HĂĽrter, Johannes (2010).
962:Es geschah in Deutschland
744:Clockwise from top left:
501:Johann Ludwig von Krosigk
497:Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
482:
329:Ehrengard von Plettenberg
262:Johann Ludwig von Krosigk
248:
183:
133:
83:
72:
60:
18:Lutz Schwerin von Krosigk
2018:(SPD, 2021–present)
1548:, Siedler, Berlin 2001.
1456:Kitchen, Martin (2015).
1196:Lebendiges Museum Online
1171:Lebendiges Museum Online
996:Persönliche Erinnerungen
980:Persönliche Erinnerungen
946:Minister of the Interior
596:Early life and education
3569:Walther von Brauchitsch
2574:Hatzfeldt zu Wildenburg
1529:Friedenberger, Martin:
1401:Maguire, Peter (2010).
913:Alternative for Germany
3861:German Rhodes Scholars
3521:Konstantin von Neurath
3278:Joachim von Ribbentrop
3271:Konstantin von Neurath
2599:Tschirschky-Bögendorff
1817:(as Ministerpräsident)
1075:
1061:
1044:Allied Control Council
859:
765:
692:
583:Academy for German Law
507:from 1932 to 1945 and
389:University of Lausanne
303:North Rhine-Westphalia
3706:(2–23 May 1945)
3246:Richard Walther Darré
2154:Siegfried von Roedern
2010:(CDU, 2005–2021)
2002:(SPD, 1998–2005)
1994:(CDU, 1982–1998)
1986:(SPD, 1974–1982)
1978:(SPD, 1969–1974)
1970:(CDU, 1966–1969)
1962:(CDU, 1963–1966)
1954:(CDU, 1949–1963)
1923:(as Leading Minister)
1835:Constantin Fehrenbach
1641:Chancellor of Germany
1496:Hitlers williger Adel
857:
743:
690:
645:Oriel College, Oxford
563:Third Reich's cabinet
514:chancellor of Germany
393:Oriel College, Oxford
3911:People from StaĂźfurt
3791:Reichskriegsminister
3732:Grand Admiral Dönitz
3701:Schwerin von Krosigk
3542:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
3328:Franz Schlegelberger
3230:Food and Agriculture
2767:Schwerin von Krosigk
1967:Kurt Georg Kiesinger
1653:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
1575:at Wikimedia Commons
1475:Klee, Ernst (2005).
1247:Tooze, Adam (2007).
936:, brother in law of
934:Philipp von Bismarck
896:, at the age of 89.
832:Dwight D. Eisenhower
828:Flensburg government
545:Flensburg Government
444:Imperial German Army
3789:In his capacity as
3425:Werner von Blomberg
3336:Otto Georg Thierack
3126:Eastern Territories
2427:Gerhard Stoltenberg
2392:Franz Josef Strauss
2030:List of chancellors
1885:Kurt von Schleicher
1814:Philipp Scheidemann
1625:Position abolished
1617:Minister of Finance
1610:Hermann R. Dietrich
1227:Deutsche Biographie
1046:established by the
938:Gottfried von Einem
705:Kurt von Schleicher
701:Paul von Hindenburg
533:Kurt von Schleicher
529:Paul von Hindenburg
385:University of Halle
203:Kurt von Schleicher
178:Minister of Finance
161:Arthur SeyĂź-Inquart
3856:German Protestants
3590:Werner von Fritsch
3583:Karl Hermann Frank
2668:Brockdorff-Rantzau
2639:Brockdorff-Rantzau
2216:Otto von Schlieben
2191:Matthias Erzberger
2109:Karl Rudolf Jacobi
1779:Georg von Hertling
1764:Bernhard von BĂĽlow
1602:Political offices
1544:Johnson, Eric A.:
1517:Hitlers Volksstaat
1388:The New York Times
1369:The New York Times
1351:The New York Times
1320:The New York Times
1048:Berlin Declaration
994:(short version of
970:, 3 volumes, 1959.
930:Klaus von Bismarck
919:Beatrix von Storch
906:Plettenberg-Heeren
860:
766:
693:
575:Golden Party Badge
411:Golden Party Badge
354:Beatrix von Storch
3836:Counts in Germany
3798:
3797:
3736:
3667:
3666:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3452:Julius DorpmĂĽller
3385:Wilhelm Ohnesorge
3345:
3344:
2941:
2940:
2609:Kiderlen-Waechter
2478:
2477:
2470:Christian Lindner
2452:Wolfgang Schäuble
2422:Manfred Lahnstein
2236:Rudolf Hilferding
2206:Rudolf Hilferding
2186:Bernhard Dernburg
2070:Finance Ministers
2036:
2035:
1850:Gustav Stresemann
1749:Otto von Bismarck
1724:Otto von Bismarck
1668:
1667:
1571:Media related to
1486:978-3-596-16048-8
1332:"Das Jahr 2000",
850:Post-World War II
809:Winston Churchill
660:Oberregierungsrat
516:during May 1945.
486:
485:
16:(Redirected from
3938:
3780:
3772:Wilhelm Stuckart
3768:
3760:
3752:
3744:
3734:
3728:
3720:
3694:
3687:
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3671:
3660:
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3645:Heinrich Himmler
3613:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3544:
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3495:
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3427:
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3303:Heinrich Himmler
3298:
3280:
3273:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3239:Alfred Hugenberg
3221:
3203:
3183:
3176:
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3153:Alfred Hugenberg
3137:
3135:Alfred Rosenberg
3117:
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2652:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2482:
2461:
2437:Oskar Lafontaine
2360:
2359:
2320:Werner Schmieder
2298:
2297:
2271:
2270:
2251:Hermann Dietrich
2246:Heinrich BrĂĽning
2241:Paul Moldenhauer
2174:
2173:
2099:Adolf von Scholz
2092:
2091:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2040:
2019:
2011:
2003:
1999:Gerhard Schröder
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1939:
1933:Federal Republic
1924:
1901:
1875:Heinrich BrĂĽning
1826:
1818:
1800:
1740:
1715:
1694:
1687:
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1671:
1650:Preceded by
1631:Preceded by
1607:Preceded by
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1086:
1080:
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942:Caspar von Einem
868:Ministries Trial
683:Pre-World War II
590:Ministries Trial
432:
430:
429:
417:Military service
343:
341:
295:
271:
269:
253:Personal details
244:Office abolished
241:
233:Hermann Dietrich
229:
219:
218:Leading Minister
188:
172:Office abolished
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146:Leading Minister
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3637:
3625:
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3609:
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3595:
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3405:Joseph Goebbels
3403:
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3094:
3087:
3074:
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3011:
3006:Franz von Papen
3001:Vice-Chancellor
2998:
2985:
2977:
2972:
2942:
2937:
2930:
2847:(1949–present)
2846:
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2835:
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2787:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2743:
2734:
2732:
2727:
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2657:Weimar Republic
2650:
2648:
2643:
2549:B. E. von BĂĽlow
2530:
2521:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2479:
2474:
2459:
2447:Peer SteinbrĂĽck
2354:
2352:
2344:
2335:Walter Romberg
2292:
2290:
2282:
2265:
2263:
2255:
2231:Heinrich Köhler
2168:
2166:
2164:Weimar Republic
2158:
2149:Karl Helfferich
2086:
2084:
2076:
2067:
2037:
2032:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2009:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1953:
1951:Konrad Adenauer
1940:
1927:
1922:
1915:Joseph Goebbels
1902:
1889:
1880:Franz von Papen
1824:
1816:
1809:Friedrich Ebert
1801:
1794:Weimar Republic
1788:
1774:Georg Michaelis
1754:Leo von Caprivi
1741:
1728:
1716:
1703:
1698:
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1655:
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1634:Joseph Goebbels
1620:
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1140:
1087:
1083:
1058:
1054:
1029:
1025:
1014:
1010:
1005:
958:
902:
883:economic policy
852:
805:Joseph Goebbels
789:Reichspräsident
738:
697:Franz von Papen
685:
680:
639:and then, as a
613:Duchy of Anhalt
598:
541:Joseph Goebbels
525:Franz von Papen
472:Military awards
427:
425:
407:Civilian awards
391:
387:
373:
356:(granddaughter)
345:
342: 1918)
337:
333:
330:
313:Political party
297:
293:
279:Duchy of Anhalt
273:
267:
265:
264:
263:
239:
227:
217:
211:Joseph Goebbels
209:
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199:Franz von Papen
189:
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167:
155:
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134:
117:
111:Joseph Goebbels
105:
89:
84:
68:
67:Krosigk in 1932
56:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3630:
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3617:
3615:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3597:Wilhelm Keitel
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3562:Martin Bormann
3557:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
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3496:
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3486:Hermann Göring
3482:
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3370:Postal Affairs
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3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3196:
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3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3177:
3174:Hermann Göring
3170:
3163:
3156:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3130:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3110:
3102:
3100:
3099:Church Affairs
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3089:Hermann Göring
3084:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3065:
3057:
3055:
3043:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3029:Hermann Göring
3019:
3013:Deputy FĂĽhrer:
3009:
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2564:Limburg-Stirum
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2510:
2508:
2507:
2500:
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2467:
2462:
2457:Peter Altmaier
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2417:Hans Matthöfer
2414:
2409:
2407:Helmut Schmidt
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2387:Kurt SchmĂĽcker
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2367:Fritz Schäffer
2363:
2361:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2340:Werner Skowron
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2315:Siegfried Böhm
2312:
2307:
2301:
2299:
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2280:
2274:
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2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2226:Peter Reinhold
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2201:Andreas Hermes
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2181:Eugen Schiffer
2177:
2175:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
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2134:Reinhold Sydow
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2020:
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1983:Helmut Schmidt
1980:
1972:
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1956:
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1944:
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1917:
1912:
1906:
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1872:
1870:Hermann MĂĽller
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
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1830:Hermann MĂĽller
1827:
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1561:External links
1559:
1558:
1557:
1542:
1527:
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1505:978-3752803266
1504:
1491:
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1472:
1467:978-0300190441
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1433:. 12 June 2017
1418:
1412:978-0231146470
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760:salute at the
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725:Four Year Plan
721:Hermann Göring
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641:Rhodes Scholar
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3748:Herbert Klemm
3746:
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3735:(independent)
3733:
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3724:Herbert Backe
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3479:Wilhelm Frick
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3321:Franz GĂĽrtner
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3296:Wilhelm Frick
3293:
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3254:
3253:Herbert Backe
3250:
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3201:Bernhard Rust
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2528:German Empire
2517:
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2410:
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2405:
2403:
2402:Karl Schiller
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
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2383:
2382:Rolf DahlgrĂĽn
2380:
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2178:
2176:
2172:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
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2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2139:Adolf Wermuth
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
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2117:
2115:
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2110:
2107:
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2102:
2100:
2097:
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2090:
2083:
2082:German Empire
2079:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2007:Angela Merkel
2005:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1959:Ludwig Erhard
1957:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1921:
1918:
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1911:
1908:
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1739:
1735:
1734:German Empire
1731:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1695:
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1560:
1555:
1554:3-88680-619-7
1551:
1547:
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1540:
1539:3-86108-377-9
1536:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1525:3-10-000420-5
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1507:
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1301:9783486833324
1297:
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1258:9780141003481
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1159:, p. 51.
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1020:
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984:
981:
978:
975:
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960:
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951:
947:
943:
940:and uncle of
939:
935:
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895:
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845:
841:
837:
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829:
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821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
797:German people
794:
791:
790:
785:
784:Reichskanzler
781:
778:In his final
776:
774:
769:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
742:
735:
733:
730:
726:
722:
718:
712:
710:
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698:
689:
682:
677:
675:
673:
669:
668:Allied Powers
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
622:
618:
617:German Empire
614:
610:
609:Rathmannsdorf
606:
603:
595:
593:
591:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:Wilhelm Frick
564:
560:
555:
553:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
512:
511:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:Johann Ludwig
481:
477:
474:
470:
467:
464:
460:
457:
456:
452:
448:
445:
442:
438:
435:
434:German Empire
424:
420:
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412:
409:
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401:
397:
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383:
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371:
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322:
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311:
308:
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291:
287:
284:
283:German Empire
280:
276:
275:Rathmannsdorf
260:
256:
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137:
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103:
100:
97:
93:
87:
82:
79:
75:
71:
64:
59:
52:
47:
43:
39:
35:
30:
19:
3831:Anti-Masonry
3790:
3764:Albert Speer
3756:Franz Seldte
3715:
3700:
3653:Stabschef SA
3651:
3638:
3611:Erich Raeder
3514:Hans Lammers
3360:Franz Seldte
3218:
3181:Walther Funk
3160:Kurt Schmitt
3114:Hermann Muhs
3069:Albert Speer
3022:
3012:
2999:
2993:Adolf Hitler
2986:
2936:East Germany
2860:von Brentano
2766:
2741:Nazi Germany
2589:B. von BĂĽlow
2531:(1871–1918)
2377:Heinz Starke
2325:Ernst Höfner
2291:(1949–1990)
2288:East Germany
2277:
2264:(1933–1945)
2261:Nazi Germany
2196:Joseph Wirth
2167:(1918–1933)
2144:Hermann KĂĽhn
2085:(1871–1918)
1975:Willy Brandt
1919:
1910:Adolf Hitler
1895:Nazi Germany
1865:Wilhelm Marx
1855:Wilhelm Marx
1845:Wilhelm Cuno
1840:Joseph Wirth
1822:Gustav Bauer
1658:
1639:
1624:
1615:
1545:
1530:
1516:
1495:
1476:
1457:
1435:. Retrieved
1430:
1421:
1402:
1396:
1387:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1333:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1290:
1279:
1272:Kitchen 2015
1267:
1248:
1242:
1230:. Retrieved
1226:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:
1186:
1175:, retrieved
1170:
1164:
1152:
1134:von Schiller
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1084:
1068:
1055:
1037:
1031:
1026:
1016:
1011:
995:
991:
985:
979:
973:
967:
961:
923:
910:
903:
900:Private life
894:West Germany
887:
880:
861:
813:
801:Iron Curtain
788:
783:
777:
773:Albert Speer
770:
767:
764:, 4 May 1941
761:
736:World War II
713:
709:Adolf Hitler
694:
659:
649:
630:
599:
588:At the 1949
587:
571:Franz Seldte
565:(along with
559:Adolf Hitler
556:
537:Adolf Hitler
521:non-partisan
518:
508:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:
462:Battles/wars
455:Oberleutnant
453:
307:West Germany
294:(1977-03-04)
292:4 March 1977
240:Succeeded by
207:Adolf Hitler
185:
168:Succeeded by
135:
118:Succeeded by
85:
45:
41:
29:
3816:1977 deaths
3811:1887 births
3576:Karl Dönitz
3507:Hanns Kerrl
3493:Rudolf Hess
3107:Hanns Kerrl
3016:Rudolf Hess
2908:Westerwelle
2826:de Maizière
2465:Olaf Scholz
2442:Hans Eichel
2432:Theo Waigel
2397:Alex Möller
2372:Franz Etzel
2310:Willy Rumpf
2221:Hans Luther
2211:Hans Luther
2015:Olaf Scholz
1991:Helmut Kohl
1860:Hans Luther
1437:26 February
1100:preposition
793:Karl Dönitz
748:, Krosigk,
652:World War I
605:Protestants
552:Karl Dönitz
478:, 1st class
466:World War I
319:(1937–1945)
228:Preceded by
156:Preceded by
106:Preceded by
99:Karl Dönitz
42:von Krosigk
34:German name
3805:Categories
3658:Ernst Röhm
3528:Ernst Röhm
3472:Hans Frank
3416:Reichswehr
3396:Propaganda
3062:Fritz Todt
2988:Chancellor
2912:Steinmeier
2903:Steinmeier
2898:J. Fischer
2816:O. Fischer
2788:(1949–90)
2757:Ribbentrop
2744:(1933–45)
2708:Stresemann
2660:(1918–33)
2619:Zimmermann
2594:Richthofen
2330:Uta Nickel
1621:1932–1945
1144:References
1123:Clausewitz
1050:of 5 June.
872:Peck Panel
754:Ribbentrop
717:Reichsbank
678:Nazi years
670:after the
656:Iron Cross
579:Nazi Party
476:Iron Cross
422:Allegiance
399:Occupation
380:Alma mater
317:Nazi Party
268:1887-08-22
195:Chancellor
3436:Transport
3192:Education
3145:Economics
3053:Armaments
2801:Ackermann
2796:Dertinger
2703:Rosenberg
2584:Marschall
2412:Hans Apel
2305:Hans Loch
1334:Das Reich
1177:1 January
1157:Neal 2018
878:in 1951.
864:Nuremberg
836:Wehrmacht
818:near the
816:Flensburg
780:testament
762:Reichstag
672:Great War
585:in 1937.
549:President
369:Parent(s)
350:Relations
186:In office
136:In office
95:President
86:In office
3330:(acting)
3288:Interior
3116:(acting)
3080:Aviation
2926:Baerbock
2889:Genscher
2880:Genscher
2865:Schröder
2855:Adenauer
2698:Rathenau
2624:KĂĽhlmann
2579:Bismarck
2554:Radowitz
2460:(Acting)
2353:(1949–)
1513:Götz Aly
1232:15 April
1201:15 April
1117:Schiller
1033:de facto
1018:de facto
998:), 1977.
992:Memoiren
926:Bismarck
750:Goebbels
695:In 1932
637:Lausanne
602:Lutheran
557:Besides
510:de facto
361:Children
32:In this
3767:(NSDAP)
3759:(NSDAP)
3751:(NSDAP)
3743:(NSDAP)
3727:(NSDAP)
3704:Cabinet
3313:Justice
3211:Finance
2916:Gabriel
2885:Schmidt
2752:Neurath
2723:Neurath
2718:BrĂĽning
2713:Curtius
2074:Germany
1592:of the
1588:in the
1450:Sources
1042:by the
1039:de jure
976:, 1963.
964:, 1951.
950:Austria
876:amnesty
844:Soviets
758:Neurath
650:During
615:of the
611:in the
344:
336:
332:
222:Himself
150:Himself
46:Krosigk
38:surname
3352:Labour
2893:Kinkel
2875:Scheel
2870:Brandt
2841:
2821:Meckel
2811:Winzer
2782:
2738:
2683:Simons
2678:Köster
2673:MĂĽller
2654:
2629:Hintze
2604:Schoen
2525:
1552:
1537:
1523:
1502:
1483:
1464:
1431:DW.com
1409:
1298:
1255:
1136:, etc.
1132:, not
1129:Goethe
1090:German
1076:Gräfin
840:Berlin
824:MĂĽrwik
820:Danish
499:(Born
431:
324:Spouse
44:, not
36:, the
3777:NSDAP
2693:Wirth
2688:Rosen
2614:Jagow
2569:Busch
2544:Balan
2539:Thile
1664:1945
1645:1945
1098:is a
1070:Count
1003:Notes
956:Works
890:Essen
643:, at
633:Halle
626:count
621:noble
338:(
334:
299:Essen
2921:Maas
2806:Bolz
2634:Solf
1550:ISBN
1535:ISBN
1521:ISBN
1500:ISBN
1481:ISBN
1462:ISBN
1439:2020
1407:ISBN
1296:ISBN
1253:ISBN
1234:2017
1203:2017
1179:2018
1108:from
1063:Graf
756:and
746:Funk
719:and
666:the
635:and
569:and
535:and
493:Lutz
450:Rank
289:Died
258:Born
2072:of
1594:ZBW
1126:or
1112:von
1106:or
1095:von
1088:In
948:of
607:in
547:of
40:is
3807::
1515::
1429:.
1386:.
1367:.
1349:.
1318:.
1225:.
1211:^
1194:.
1120:,
1104:of
952:.
944:,
932:,
921:.
892:,
811:.
752:,
674:.
647:.
519:A
495:"
340:m.
305:,
301:,
281:,
277:,
3793:.
3779:)
3775:(
3693:e
3686:t
3679:v
3655::
3642::
3026::
3003::
2990::
2967:e
2960:t
2953:v
2504:e
2497:t
2490:v
2062:e
2055:t
2048:v
1693:e
1686:t
1679:v
1556:.
1541:.
1508:.
1489:.
1470:.
1441:.
1415:.
1304:.
1261:.
1236:.
1205:.
491:"
364:9
270:)
266:(
48:.
20:)
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