493:
448:, and launched the academic career of both Robert and Helen Lynd. Reviewers "praised its careful research and its scientific character," but the book's popularity was due to the coauthors' explanations of American life. Not all the reviews were positive. The book was strongly criticized for its failure to include a variety of racial and ethnic experiences. Instead, the Lynds focused on the city's white and predominantly
552:. Lynd became a member of the advisory board's executive committee in 1935. He was also a member of a number of scientific societies in the field of sociological anthropology and economics, such as the AAAS, the American Social Society, American Statistics Society, and American Economics Association.
631:
in the 1930s, scholars have followed the Lynds' efforts, producing "hundreds of books, articles, and films examining life in one small city in
Indiana" with the hope that their studies provide a "better understanding of modern American life." Subsequent Middletown studies resulted in the publication
400:
tried unsuccessfully to block publication of the essay, but held no grudge against Lynd for writing it.) In 1923 Rockefeller agreed to let the
Institute of Social and Religious Research hire Lynd as a director for its Small City Study. Lynd served as the director of the Institute's study, which
527:. The sequel concluded that the community's values and attitudes had not changed much since their earlier research. The tone of the second book was also more critical than the first. Although the Lynds considered a third volume on Middletown, their plans were never realized.
467:
In 1931 Lynd accepted a tenure-track position as
Professor of Sociology at Columbia University, a position he held until 1960. While teaching at Columbia, Lynd began but never completed sociological studies concerning the impact that the
656:, "Seventeen" (1982), was judged too controversial to broadcast, as it focused on the world of high school seniors, portraying changing mores, language and sexuality. It was later released on the independent circuit and widely praised.
576:
Lynd continued to write in his later years, including two published essays, "Power in the United States" (1956), and "Power in
American Society as Resource and Problem" (1957). He retired from teaching at Columbia University in 1960.
421:
community. The Lynds and their three-person staff primarily observed the social lives of the city's inhabitants. The study compared life in Muncie in 1890 to Muncie in 1924, with the goal of measuring the effects of the
396:, the site of several oil camps. Afterwards Lynd wrote "Done in Oil," an exposé critical of the conditions in the camps. The essay and his community work brought Lynd to the attention of the Rockefeller family. (
568:. Several individuals who were interviewed in 1942 in connection with Robert Lynd's initial case believed that his political views were "extremely liberal," but they did not believe that he was a party member.
667:, he argues that American culture holds outstanding and contradictory assumptions such as women being both "the finest of God's creatures" while also considered inferior to men in term of reasoning power.
519:
Lynd returned to Muncie, Indiana, during the summer of 1935 to make additional observations of the city and to update earlier research. After returning to New York, Robert and Helen Lynd coauthored
1753:
623:
The Lynds' pioneering sociological work began a legacy of continued studies of Muncie, including the establishment of the Center for
Middletown Studies in 1980. (The Center became affiliated with
530:
After the publication of two books on the
Middletown studies, Lynd resumed his academic career as a social scientist and professor at Columbia University. He also resumed writing, which included
1644:
752:
1439:
244:(1939). In addition to writing and research, Lynd taught at Columbia from 1931 to 1960. He also served on U.S. government committees and advisory boards, including
1763:
430:(1929) describing the details of their research in Muncie. It was the first sociological study of an American community and a classic work in the field.
385:
97:
492:
1768:
1728:
504:
a four-point program seeking establishment of a
Central Consumers' Agency in the federal government. In the photograph, left to right: (front row)
564:
era of the late 1940s and early 1950s, Robert and Helen Lynd were the subjects of U.S. government investigations for alleged involvement in the
1410:
859:
284:
1758:
1748:
1547:
1073:
1604:
881:
464:
in 1927 as a research supervisor and assistant to the chairman. He spent another four years, 1928 to 1931, as the
Council's secretary.
1672:
549:
324:
256:
161:
1707:
1608:
1381:
960:
885:
461:
1723:
1456:
927:
604:, the first systematical, sociological study of a community in the United States. The Lynds were also pioneers in the use of
538:
245:
1119:
Muncie's population at the time of the
Middletown study in 1925 was ninety-two percent native-born whites. See Hoover, p. 5.
460:
In 1926 Lynd became assistant director of the
Division of Educational Research at the Commonwealth Fund, then joined the
1703:
377:
for about a year, then began work in 1920 as an assistant publisher for B. W. Huebsch, Inc. and joined the staff of the
537:
In addition to teaching at the university, Lynd served on U.S. government committees and advisory boards, including
851:
374:
497:
418:
401:
Rockefeller funded, from 1923 to 1926. Lynd's wife, Helen, joined the project that became better known as the
444:
397:
1685:
1676:
919:
628:
624:
545:
505:
501:
481:
423:
252:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1365:
1210:
296:
292:
276:
92:
1694:
811:
586:
513:
304:
268:
209:
102:
71:
53:
523:(1937). The sequel to their earlier work was more theoretical and not as popular among readers as
1649:
1491:
1483:
1420:
1343:
1335:
757:
597:
596:
are best known for their research and descriptions of small-town life during the groundbreaking "
438:
402:
366:
217:
1551:
1452:
1406:
1248:
1077:
923:
855:
361:
608:
in their research. Their detailed observations were documented in two books they coauthored,
1698:
1475:
1327:
807:
477:
469:
272:
1432:
915:
605:
601:
565:
414:
237:
221:
1264:
541:
335:
280:
248:
182:
17:
1717:
1495:
1451:. Ball State Monograph Series. Vol. 34. Muncie, Indiana: Ball State University.
1347:
449:
328:
288:
271:, on September 26, 1892, to Staughton and Cornelia Day Lynd. Robert Lynd received a
213:
82:
847:
722:"Power in American Society as Resource and Problem" in Arthur W. Kornhauser, eds.,
561:
370:
205:
1479:
1331:
1624:
1585:
1182:
1014:
593:
509:
320:
225:
171:
1690:
1565:
1530:
1042:
801:
617:
508:
and Helen Hall. Back row, left to right: Robert S. Lynd, B.F. McLaurin, and
473:
389:
339:
300:
117:
113:
1169:
International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences: Biographical Supplement
710:
Knowledge for What? The Place of the Social Sciences in American Culture
343:
279:
1914. In the years 1919, 1920, 1921, and 1933 he attended classes at the
242:
Knowledge for What? The Place of the Social Sciences in American Culture
1487:
1339:
393:
127:
Institute for Social and Religious Research, Rockefeller Foundation;
1405:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. pp. 216–18.
532:
Knowledge for What? The Place of Social Science in American Culture
491:
1681:
373:. After the war Lynd was an advertising and publicity manager at
698:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,
1468:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
1320:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
1165:
Irving Louis Horowitz, "Robert S. and Helen Merrell Lynd," in
1022:
645:
1466:
Lynd, Robert (May 1934). "The Consumer Becomes a 'Problem'".
706:(New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1937), coauthored with Helen Lynd
693:(New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1929), coauthored with Helen Lynd
640:(1983). Other studies were filmed: the six-part documentary,
331:. They married in 1921. Helen Lynd died on January 30, 1982.
1318:
Robert Lynd (May 1934). "The Consumer Becomes a 'Problem'".
259:. Lynd was also a member of several scientific societies.
712:(Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1939)
417:, to begin an eighteen-month study of daily life in this
365:
in New York City, before leaving in 1918 to serve in the
436:
was an immediate success, receiving positive reviews in
204:(September 26, 1892 – November 1, 1970) was an American
234:
Middletown in Transition: A Study in Cultural Conflicts
1403:
Indiana's 200: The People Who Shaped the Hoosier State
1401:
Gugin, Linda C., and James E. St. Clair, eds. (2015).
1368:. Center for Middletown Studies, Ball State University
1213:. Center for Middletown Studies, Ball State University
844:
Indiana's 200: The People Who Shaped the Hoosier State
1503:
Lynd, Robert (September 1922). "Crude Oil Religion".
544:'s Research Committee on Social Trends and President
388:, and for a summer he work as a church missionary in
359:
In 1914 Lynd began working as an assistant editor at
251:'s Research Committee on Social Trends and President
1754:
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
1548:"Middletown Studies Collection and Digital Archives"
1280:
Robert Lynd (September 1922). "Crude Oil Religion".
1074:"Middletown Studies Collection and Digital Archives"
1068:
1066:
1064:
691:
Middletown: A Study in Contemporary American Culture
652:, first broadcast on PBS in 2000. A seventh part of
610:
Middletown: A Study in Contemporary American Culture
589:, on November 1, 1970, at the age of seventy-eight.
428:
Middletown: A Study in Contemporary American Culture
230:
Middletown: A Study in Contemporary American Culture
1691:
Robert Staughton Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd Papers
1532:
Robert Staughton Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd Papers
842:Linda C. Gugin and James E. St. Clair, ed. (2015).
803:
Robert Staughton Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd Papers
191:
178:
167:
156:
133:
123:
109:
88:
78:
60:
39:
32:
1645:"Robert S. Lynd, Co-Author of 'Middletown' Dies"
1516:Lynd, Robert (November 1, 1922). "Done in Oil".
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
753:"Robert S. Lynd, Co-Author of 'Middletown' Dies"
283:. From September 1920 to 1923 Lynd attended the
1382:"Helen M. Lynd Dies; Co-Author of 'Middletown'"
1299:Robert Lynd (November 1, 1922). "Done in Oil".
961:"Helen M. Lynd Dies; Co-Author of 'Middletown'"
954:
952:
950:
948:
746:
744:
742:
740:
616:(1937). Both book became classics of American
346:, and a daughter, Andrea Merrell (Lynd) Nold.
914:. Ball State Monograph Series. Vol. 34.
726:(Detroit, Wayne State University Press, 1957)
8:
496:On February 24, 1938, a delegation from the
216:. He is best known for conducting the first
1152:
1150:
1148:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1097:
1095:
942:Gugin and St. Clair, eds., pp. 216 and 218.
98:Union Theological Seminary (New York City)
29:
1625:"Timeline: People, Robert and Helen Lynd"
1438:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1205:
1203:
1183:"Timeline: People, Robert and Helen Lynd"
988:
986:
984:
982:
905:
903:
875:
873:
871:
1550:. Ball State University. Archived from
1535:. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress
1076:. Ball State University. Archived from
1000:
998:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
736:
426:on American life. The Lynds coauthored
413:In 1924 Robert and Helen Lynd moved to
384:In 1921 Lynd was a divinity student at
1428:
1418:
724:Problems of Power in American Society
472:had on segments of the population in
307:in 1931 using an abridged version of
7:
1673:"Series 1 - Robert & Helen Lynd"
696:"The Consumer Becomes a 'Problem'" (
548:'s Consumers' Advisory Board of the
255:'s Consumers' Advisory Board of the
236:(1937); and a pioneer in the use of
1643:Whitman, Alden (November 3, 1970).
632:of additional books, most notably
334:The Lynds had two children, a son,
1529:Manuscript Division Staff (2014).
1004:Gugin and St. Clair, eds., p. 216.
800:Manuscript Division Staff (2014).
751:Alden Whitman (November 3, 1970).
267:Robert Staughton Lynd was born in
25:
1764:Union Theological Seminary alumni
1380:Chira, Susan (February 1, 1982).
160:Consumers' Advisory Board of the
1101:Gugin and St. Clair, pp. 217–18.
959:Susan Chira (February 1, 1982).
556:Potential Communist affiliations
550:National Recovery Administration
295:degree in 1923. Lynd received a
257:National Recovery Administration
162:National Recovery Administration
1769:20th-century American academics
1729:People from New Albany, Indiana
1708:Federal Bureau of Investigation
1609:Federal Bureau of Investigation
886:Federal Bureau of Investigation
462:Social Science Research Council
195:Staughton and Cornelia Day Lynd
715:"Power in the United States" (
281:New School for Social Research
1:
1704:"Subject: Robert S Lynd" file
1682:Center for Middletown Studies
1675:, Staughton Lynd Collection,
1253:, Harvard Film Archive, 2018.
498:Consumers National Federation
1167:David L. Sills, ed. (1979).
240:. He was also the author of
1759:Princeton University alumni
1749:Columbia University faculty
1785:
1629:The First Measured Century
1590:The First Measured Century
1586:"Staughton Lynd Interview"
1570:The First Measured Century
1480:10.1177/000271623417300102
1447:Hoover, Dwight W. (1990).
1332:10.1177/000271623417300102
1187:The First Measured Century
1047:The First Measured Century
1019:The First Measured Century
1015:"Staughton Lynd Interview"
852:Indiana Historical Society
650:The First Measured Century
386:Union Theological Seminary
285:Union Theological Seminary
187:Andrea Merrell (Lynd) Nold
1239:Hoover, pp. 26–27; 36–38.
910:Dwight W. Hoover (1990).
627:in 1984.) Beginning with
1653:. New York, New York: 38
1605:"Subject: Robert S Lynd"
1388:. New York, New York: B4
967:. New York, New York: B4
798:"Biographical Notes" in
761:. New York, New York: 38
704:Middletown in Transition
671:Selected published works
614:Middletown in Transition
521:Middletown in Transition
456:Researcher and professor
263:Early life and education
145:Middletown in Transition
1566:"Robert and Helen Lynd"
1043:"Robert and Helen Lynd"
882:"Subject Robert S Lynd"
659:
488:Second Middletown study
445:New York Herald Tribune
398:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
375:Charles Scribner's Sons
369:Field Artillery during
338:, who became a lawyer,
1263:Robert S Lynd (1948).
676:"Crude Oil Religion" (
665:In Knowledge for What?
516:
409:First Middletown study
291:, where he received a
18:Lynd, Robert Staughton
1724:American sociologists
1686:Ball State University
1677:Kent State University
1250:Middletown: Seventeen
920:Ball State University
629:Frederick Lewis Allen
625:Ball State University
546:Franklin D. Roosevelt
495:
482:Montclair, New Jersey
424:Industrial Revolution
405:as a coinvestigator.
342:, and social justice
311:as his dissertation.
253:Franklin D. Roosevelt
228:; as the coauthor of
202:Robert Staughton Lynd
34:Robert Staughton Lynd
1449:Middletown Revisited
912:Middletown Revisited
854:Press. p. 218.
293:Bachelor of Divinity
277:Princeton University
157:Board member of
93:Princeton University
27:American sociologist
1695:Library of Congress
812:Library of Congress
638:All Faithful People
634:Middletown Families
587:Warren, Connecticut
514:Library of Congress
502:President Roosevelt
315:Marriage and family
305:Columbia University
269:New Albany, Indiana
210:Columbia University
150:Knowledge for What?
129:Columbia University
103:Columbia University
72:Warren, Connecticut
54:New Albany, Indiana
1710:, Washington, D.C.
1650:The New York Times
1431:has generic name (
1386:The New York Times
1366:"About the Center"
1266:Knowledge For What
1230:Hoover, pp. 17–23.
1211:"About the Center"
1089:(archived version)
965:The New York Times
758:The New York Times
598:Middletown studies
517:
439:The New York Times
403:Middletown studies
218:Middletown studies
172:Helen Merrell Lynd
50:September 26, 1892
1412:978-0-87195-387-2
1269:. pp. 59–62.
861:978-0-87195-387-2
362:Publishers Weekly
224:, with his wife,
208:and professor at
199:
198:
142:(1929), coauthor;
16:(Redirected from
1776:
1699:Washington, D.C.
1662:
1660:
1658:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1525:
1512:
1499:
1462:
1443:
1436:
1430:
1426:
1424:
1416:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1352:
1351:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1260:
1254:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1207:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1070:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1011:
1005:
1002:
993:
990:
977:
976:
974:
972:
956:
943:
940:
934:
933:
907:
898:
897:
895:
893:
879:Part 1 of 14 in
877:
866:
865:
839:
822:
821:
819:
818:
808:Washington, D.C.
796:
771:
770:
768:
766:
748:
644:, that aired on
581:Death and legacy
470:Great Depression
325:Mount Washington
319:Robert Lynd met
273:Bachelor of Arts
136:
67:
64:November 1, 1970
49:
47:
30:
21:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1714:
1713:
1693:, finding aid,
1669:
1656:
1654:
1642:
1634:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1612:
1603:
1595:
1593:
1584:
1575:
1573:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1546:
1538:
1536:
1528:
1515:
1502:
1465:
1459:
1446:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1413:
1400:
1391:
1389:
1379:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1356:
1355:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1192:
1190:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1062:
1052:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1027:
1025:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1003:
996:
991:
980:
970:
968:
958:
957:
946:
941:
937:
930:
916:Muncie, Indiana
909:
908:
901:
891:
889:
880:
878:
869:
862:
841:
840:
825:
816:
814:
799:
797:
774:
764:
762:
750:
749:
738:
733:
719:, May 12, 1956)
683:"Done in Oil" (
673:
662:
602:Muncie, Indiana
583:
574:
566:Communist party
558:
490:
458:
415:Muncie, Indiana
411:
357:
352:
317:
265:
222:Muncie, Indiana
186:
148:
143:
134:
128:
116:and university
101:
96:
89:Alma mater
74:
69:
65:
56:
51:
45:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1782:
1780:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1701:
1688:
1679:
1668:
1667:External links
1665:
1664:
1663:
1640:
1621:
1601:
1582:
1544:
1526:
1513:
1500:
1463:
1457:
1444:
1411:
1398:
1377:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1310:
1291:
1272:
1255:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1199:
1174:
1158:
1156:Hoover, p. 16.
1144:
1142:Hoover, p. 12.
1135:
1133:Hoover, p. 10.
1121:
1112:
1103:
1091:
1060:
1034:
1006:
994:
978:
944:
935:
928:
899:
867:
860:
823:
772:
735:
734:
732:
729:
728:
727:
720:
713:
707:
701:
694:
688:
681:
672:
669:
661:
660:Lynd's thought
658:
606:social surveys
582:
579:
573:
570:
557:
554:
542:Herbert Hoover
489:
486:
457:
454:
410:
407:
356:
353:
351:
348:
336:Staughton Lynd
316:
313:
264:
261:
249:Herbert Hoover
238:social surveys
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
183:Staughton Lynd
180:
176:
175:
169:
165:
164:
158:
154:
153:
152:(1939), author
137:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
111:
107:
106:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
68:(aged 78)
62:
58:
57:
52:
41:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1781:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1571:
1567:
1554:on 2007-01-29
1553:
1549:
1545:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1429:|author=
1422:
1414:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1171:. Free Press.
1170:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1113:
1110:Hoover, p. 7.
1107:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1080:on 2007-01-29
1079:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1001:
999:
995:
992:Hoover, p. 3.
989:
987:
985:
983:
979:
966:
962:
955:
953:
951:
949:
945:
939:
936:
931:
925:
922:. p. 4.
921:
917:
913:
906:
904:
900:
887:
883:
876:
874:
872:
868:
863:
857:
853:
849:
845:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
824:
813:
809:
805:
804:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
773:
760:
759:
754:
747:
745:
743:
741:
737:
730:
725:
721:
718:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
695:
692:
689:
686:
682:
679:
675:
674:
670:
668:
666:
657:
655:
651:
648:in 1982, and
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
626:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
585:Lynd died at
580:
578:
571:
569:
567:
563:
555:
553:
551:
547:
543:
540:
535:
533:
528:
526:
522:
515:
511:
510:Michael Quill
507:
506:Felice Louria
503:
500:submitted to
499:
494:
487:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
465:
463:
455:
453:
451:
447:
446:
441:
440:
435:
431:
429:
425:
420:
416:
408:
406:
404:
399:
395:
391:
387:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
363:
354:
349:
347:
345:
341:
337:
332:
330:
329:New Hampshire
326:
323:while hiking
322:
321:Helen Merrell
314:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:New York City
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
262:
260:
258:
254:
250:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
214:New York City
211:
207:
203:
194:
190:
184:
181:
177:
173:
170:
166:
163:
159:
155:
151:
146:
141:
138:
132:
126:
122:
119:
115:
112:
110:Occupation(s)
108:
105:, Ph.D., 1931
104:
99:
94:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
73:
63:
59:
55:
42:
38:
31:
19:
1655:. Retrieved
1648:
1633:. Retrieved
1628:
1613:. Retrieved
1594:. Retrieved
1589:
1574:. Retrieved
1569:
1556:. Retrieved
1552:the original
1537:. Retrieved
1531:
1521:
1517:
1508:
1504:
1471:
1467:
1448:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1385:
1370:. Retrieved
1323:
1319:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1265:
1258:
1249:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1215:. Retrieved
1191:. Retrieved
1186:
1177:
1168:
1161:
1138:
1115:
1106:
1082:. Retrieved
1078:the original
1051:. Retrieved
1046:
1037:
1026:. Retrieved
1018:
1009:
969:. Retrieved
964:
938:
911:
890:. Retrieved
848:Indianapolis
843:
815:. Retrieved
802:
763:. Retrieved
756:
723:
716:
709:
703:
697:
690:
684:
677:
664:
663:
653:
649:
641:
637:
633:
622:
613:
609:
591:
584:
575:
559:
536:
531:
529:
524:
520:
518:
466:
459:
443:
437:
433:
432:
427:
412:
383:
378:
360:
358:
333:
318:
308:
275:degree from
266:
241:
233:
229:
201:
200:
174:(m. 1921–70)
149:
144:
139:
135:Notable work
100:, B.D., 1923
95:, B.A., 1914
66:(1970-11-01)
1744:1970 deaths
1739:1892 births
1734:Lynd family
636:(1982) and
612:(1929) and
592:Robert and
572:Later years
560:During the
512:; from the
452:community.
371:World War I
355:Early years
232:(1929) and
206:sociologist
124:Employer(s)
114:Sociologist
79:Nationality
1718:Categories
1635:2018-05-21
1596:2018-05-21
1558:2018-05-21
1539:2018-05-21
1458:0937994189
1372:2018-05-21
1217:2018-05-21
1193:2018-05-21
1084:2018-05-21
1028:2018-05-21
929:0937994189
817:2018-05-21
731:References
717:The Nation
654:Middletown
642:Middletown
594:Helen Lynd
525:Middletown
450:Protestant
434:Middletown
419:Midwestern
309:Middletown
226:Helen Lynd
140:Middletown
46:1892-09-26
1524:: 136–46.
1511:: 425–34.
1496:143513214
1421:cite book
1348:143513214
1307:: 136–46.
1288:: 425–34.
618:sociology
539:President
480:, and in
474:Manhattan
390:Elk Basin
367:U.S. Army
340:historian
301:sociology
246:President
192:Parent(s)
147:coauthor;
118:professor
562:McCarthy
534:(1939).
478:New York
344:activist
179:Children
83:American
1657:May 22,
1615:May 22,
1576:May 22,
1505:Harpers
1488:1020201
1474:: 1–6.
1392:May 22,
1359:Sources
1340:1020201
1326:: 1–6.
1282:Harpers
1053:May 22,
971:May 22,
892:May 22,
765:May 22,
687:, 1922)
680:, 1922)
678:Harpers
394:Wyoming
379:Freeman
1611:. 1950
1518:Survey
1494:
1486:
1455:
1409:
1346:
1338:
1301:Survey
926:
888:. 1950
858:
685:Survey
350:Career
168:Spouse
1631:. PBS
1592:. PBS
1572:. PBS
1492:S2CID
1484:JSTOR
1344:S2CID
1336:JSTOR
1189:. PBS
1049:. PBS
700:1934)
303:from
297:Ph.D.
1659:2018
1617:2018
1578:2018
1522:XLIX
1509:CXLV
1453:ISBN
1440:link
1433:help
1407:ISBN
1394:2018
1305:XLIX
1286:CXLV
1055:2018
973:2018
924:ISBN
894:2018
856:ISBN
767:2018
442:and
61:Died
40:Born
1476:doi
1472:173
1328:doi
1324:173
1023:PBS
646:PBS
600:of
327:in
299:in
287:in
220:of
1720::
1706:,
1697:,
1684:,
1647:.
1627:.
1607:.
1588:.
1568:.
1563:*
1520:.
1507:.
1490:.
1482:.
1470:.
1425::
1423:}}
1419:{{
1384:.
1342:.
1334:.
1322:.
1303:.
1284:.
1202:^
1185:.
1147:^
1124:^
1094:^
1063:^
1045:.
1021:.
1017:.
997:^
981:^
963:.
947:^
918::
902:^
884:.
870:^
850::
846:.
826:^
810::
806:.
775:^
755:.
739:^
620:.
484:.
476:,
392:,
381:.
212:,
1661:.
1638:.
1619:.
1599:.
1580:.
1561:.
1542:.
1498:.
1478::
1461:.
1442:)
1435:)
1415:.
1396:.
1375:.
1350:.
1330::
1220:.
1196:.
1087:.
1057:.
1031:.
975:.
932:.
896:.
864:.
820:.
769:.
185:;
48:)
44:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.