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400:; the centre sensor turns on both motors to propel the robot forward, the left- and right-side sensors turn on only the opposite side's motor to effectively make the machine turn towards the light source. When turning or moving forward, the robot's "eyes" are fully alight, when it is stationary, they are just dimly lit.
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to give audible feedback. Due to the technical difficulties of the time, Muszka couldn't include a battery, and so the
Ladybird gets the required electricity (220 V alternating current from the mains) using an umbilical power cable. The machine has three rubber wheels, two fixed wheels in front which
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Unconditional reflexes are emulated by the
Ladybird's "refusal" to move in response to either light or sound stimuli when it "gets hurt", when any of its black dots are pressed. In this case it also "cries" using its buzzer, its "eyes" go fully dark, and it "forgets" about the conditioning. It can
346:(ladybird) in Hungarian sources, with various capitalizations. English-language sources tend to use either Ladybird (UK) or Ladybug (US), depending on the variety of English used. Nonetheless all of these names refer to the original robot, not to any of the replicas.
363:, but due to deterioration, the Ladybird now has a plastic shell mimicking the original one. The black spots themselves are buttons, and the top of the shell also has a small sliding vane. The robot has two red "eyes" (which can light up but can't see), three
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Conditional reflexes are emulated by the
Ladybird's ability to associate the "go" signal represented by the light source with a certain sound frequency (usually emitted by a nearby flute). If the front photosensor and the microphone both receives the right
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robot which is 40 cm (16 in) wide, 25 cm (9.8 in) tall and 60 cm (24 in) long. It has a metal baseplate on which the electronics lie, which are enclosed by a red shell with black spots. This shell was originally varnished
299:. The exhibition have chosen the machine to be its symbolic mascot. Muszka built two working replicas of the robot in the 2000s, one is in the ITK as well, the other is in the Technical Study Stores of the
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for a certain amount of time (the "eyes" are flashing during this time), the robot gains the ability to move forward just by "hearing" the right frequency of sound. This "memory" fades away with time (as
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273:(or ladybug), hence its name. The Ladybird is one of the first Hungarian robots, and the first robotic animal ever constructed. It was designed and built by Dr.
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and unconditional reflexes. Phototaxis is exhibited by the machine's rudimentary ability to "follow" a sufficiently strong light source which shines into its
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367:(which can detect light) and a mechanical sensor in the front to detect collisions with obstacles. It also contains an electromechanical
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simulation of the
Ladybird accurately mirrors the behaviour of the actual machine, except that the simulated robot can go in reverse.
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exhibition), along with modern robots of various kinds. The replica was presented by Muszka and his assistant, Csaba
Gyuricza.
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The
Ladybird also "cries" and stops its motors when it hits an obstacle, such as the side walls of its demonstration pen.
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only be "soothed" and activated again by being "petted", by slightly pressing the sliding vane on top of the shell.
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Cyberneticzoo.com â 1956-57 â Elektronikus
KaticabogĂĄr (Electronic Ladybird) â Dr. Muszka DĂĄniel (Hungarian)
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drain out), or it can be erased by pressing any of the buttons (the black dots) on the shell.
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Muszka was inspired to build a demonstration robot by the idea of psychologist JĂłzsef KirĂĄly.
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495:(in Hungarian). Informatika TörtĂ©neti MĂșzeum AlapĂtvĂĄny (ITMA). 10 August 2016
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687:â Elmer and Elsie, two similar early robots, often referred to as "tortoises"
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The original
Ladybird is still in working condition (although its original
564:(SZTE) Természettudomånyi és Informatikai Kar (TTIK) Informatikai Intézet
447:), then the only television channel in the People's Republic of Hungary.
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at the back. By design, the
Ladybird is incapable of going in reverse.
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shell has been replaced due to deterioration), and can be found in the
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522:(in Hungarian). Napfénymédia és Marketing/Leonardo. Archived from
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Science Museum YouTube channel â Robotville at The
Science Museum
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307:. The Ladybird is considered an early milestone in Hungarian
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In the 1960s the Ladybird was featured multiple times on
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SZTE's YouTube channel â SZTE â ElsĆ szegedi katicabogĂĄr
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hosted one of the replicas of the Ladybird in its 4-day
699:â a modern class of simple robots, akin to the Ladybird
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machine has a red shell with black dots, resembling a
593:. Science Museum, London. 3 Jul 2017. Archived from
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
516:"SzĂĄmĂtĂłgĂ©p-evolĂșciĂł költözik a SzegĂłrĂĄba + fotĂłk"
730:inf.u-szeged.hu/~csendes/katica/honlap/index.html
693:â the class of robotics the Ladybird belongs to
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301:Hungarian Technical and Transportation Museum
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342:(using a shorter word for ladybird) or just
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742:â the exhibition's website archived in the
763:â the Ladybird's page at Cyberneticzoo.com
653:"Magyar Katica a londoni robotfesztivĂĄlon"
265:(SZTE) between 1956 and 1957. The roughly
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757:â introductory video about the exhibition
751:â video about the Ladybird (in Hungarian)
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
326:The machine is variously referred to as
662:(in Hungarian). Central DigitĂĄlis MĂ©dia
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277:, with the main intention of emulating
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136:The original Ladybird with a new shell
261:at the Cybernetics Laboratory of the
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740:Science Museum â Robotville Festival
618:"Robots colonise the Science Museum"
44:adding citations to reliable sources
716:A jövĆ mĂșltja â Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr
554:"A Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr â TörtĂ©net"
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732:â The Ladybird's webpage on the
718:â The Ladybird's webpage on the
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31:needs additional citations for
720:Informatics History Exhibition
458:exhibition (also known as the
293:Informatics History Exhibition
1:
514:Illés, Attila (9 June 2012).
145:Cybernetics Laboratory of the
388:The Ladybird emulates basic
376:motors, and a free-rotating
651:Ughy, MĂĄrton (1 Dec 2011).
616:Douglas, Ian (1 Dec 2011).
818:
685:William Grey Walter#Robots
354:The Ladybird is a roughly
189:wheeled robot (phototrope)
372:are driven by automobile
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198:technology demonstration
562:Szegedi TudomĂĄnyegyetem
257:which was developed in
736:website (in Hungarian)
726:website (in Hungarian)
705:â Muszka's other robot
589:Science Museum, London
452:Science Museum, London
450:In December 2011, the
313:information technology
628:Telegraph Media Group
584:"Robotville Festival"
558:A Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr
489:"Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr"
124:(Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr)
797:Hungarian inventions
734:University of Szeged
466:References and notes
425:University of Szeged
282:conditional reflexes
263:University of Szeged
148:University of Szeged
55:"Ladybird of Szeged"
40:improve this article
703:Robot Man of Szeged
456:Robotville Festival
328:Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr
319:Conception and name
247:Szegedi KaticabogĂĄr
181:(67 years ago)
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119:Ladybird of Szeged/
235:Ladybird of Szeged
787:Robots of Hungary
782:Historical robots
239:Ladybug of Szeged
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724:A jövĆ mĂșltja
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691:BEAM robotics
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96:November 2017
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664:. Retrieved
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631:. Retrieved
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595:the original
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398:photosensors
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378:caster wheel
365:photosensors
361:papier-mùché
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334:/ladybug of
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289:papier-mùché
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38:Please help
33:verification
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792:Cybernetics
777:1957 robots
394:conditional
392:as well as
309:cybernetics
771:Categories
460:Robotville
411:capacitors
390:phototaxis
303:(MMKM) in
66:newspapers
520:Szeged Ma
435:Publicity
384:Operation
350:Structure
295:(ITK) in
279:Pavlovian
243:Hungarian
217:/~csendes
213:.u-szeged
179:1956â1957
679:See also
332:ladybird
305:Budapest
271:ladybird
249:or just
155:Inventor
591:website
406:stimuli
259:Hungary
221:/honlap
219:/katica
204:Website
194:Purpose
170:Hungary
166:Country
80:scholar
802:Szeged
660:â Tech
369:buzzer
344:Katica
336:Szeged
297:Szeged
223:/index
150:(SZTE)
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666:3 Jul
658:24.hu
633:3 Jul
601:3 Jul
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255:robot
225:.html
87:JSTOR
73:books
668:2017
635:2017
603:2017
570:2017
532:2017
501:2017
429:Java
423:The
311:and
233:The
211:.inf
186:Type
158:Dr.
59:news
722:'s
441:MTV
427:'s
338:),
237:or
215:.hu
209:www
42:by
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