29:
2248:
1325:
45:
2515:
245:
3383:
2260:
2236:
52:
2224:
286:
Lake
Stanley was, however, short-lived. Starting about 8,500 B.P., the geological conditions that had created Lake Stanley underwent a series of changes. North of a geological “tilt line,” the subsurface terrain of the Canadian Shield, no longer weighed down by glacial ice, rebounded and closed
282:
The lake’s now-submerged shoreline has enabled some research to be done into ecological conditions during this time period. Research, published in 2009, described placements of stones near a section of Lake
Stanley shoreline that could be interpreted as hunting infrastructure; authors O’Shea and
1171:
287:
off the North Bay outflow. “Rising water in the Lake Huron basin inundated the
Mackinac Straits after 8,150 yr B.P.”, ending the existence of Lake Stanley and later creating the present-day Lake Michigan-Lake Huron lake complex.
303:
Holcombe TL, Taylor LA, Reid DF, Warren JS, Vincent PA, Herdendorf CE. 2003. Revised Lake Erie postglacial lake level history based on new detailed bathymetry. Journal of Great Lakes
Research *29:681-704.
1219:
1141:
263:
during a hydrologically significant period from 10,000 years Before
Present (B.P.). The lake’s surface level was approximately 70 meters below the current lake’s water surface.
1360:
1131:
270:
watershed that included the basin of what is now Lake
Michigan. During this period, the water from Lake Stanley drained through an outlet or outlets adjacent to what is now
33:
Glacial Lakes
Chippewa, Stanley, Early Erie and Early Ontario. Low level lake stages during the end of the Wisconsin Glacial era in North America. Based on Larsen map, 1987.
2723:
1259:
396:
238:
Lewis CFM, Cameron GDM, Anderson TW, Heil CW Jr, Gareau PL. 2012. Lake levels in the Erie Basin of the
Laurentian Great Lakes. Journal of Paleolimnology 47:493-511.
3412:
3169:
283:
Mathews suggested that the stones, now underwater, could have been gathered and placed as “drive lanes” to force or entice migratory caribou into a human ambush.
1274:
1161:
316:
Lewis, C.F.M.; Heil Jr., C.W. (13 January 2007). "The
Stanley unconformity in Lake Huron basin: evidence for a climate-driven closed lowstand about 7900 BP".
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3333:
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1279:
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1176:
1166:
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356:"Geological History of Glacial Lake Algonquin and the Upper Great Lakes [U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 1801]"
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1569:
2764:
1998:
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1007:
28:
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1978:
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433:
2893:
2600:
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2420:
2416:
2228:
1983:
1928:
1879:
1864:
1234:
711:
584:
554:
423:
413:
325:
266:
The lake, although geographically smaller than the current Lake Huron, was fed from a large
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610:
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At the
Mackinac Straits, where a fluvially eroded channel joins the lake basins (page 14)
409:
248:
Water flowed eastward into Lake Stanley from Lake Chippewa through the Mackinac Channel.
3368:
3237:
3196:
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1993:
1988:
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158:
73:
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2167:
2099:
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1962:
1948:
1742:
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1559:
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1424:
1392:
1329:
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1065:
1055:
983:
772:
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747:
688:
605:
589:
529:
508:
259:, is a postglacial freshwater lake that occupied part of what is now the basin of
3323:
3308:
3303:
3157:
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2837:
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2152:
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1957:
1938:
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1767:
1713:
1682:
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1564:
1369:
1306:
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731:
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478:
83:
447:
3227:
3206:
2939:
2898:
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2573:
2336:
2328:
2187:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2013:
2003:
1933:
1919:
1752:
1718:
1482:
1224:
835:
716:
579:
498:
329:
260:
112:
99:
2548:
2523:
2491:
2122:
1642:
1579:
1498:
1172:
Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement
899:
757:
721:
493:
418:
355:
437:
2701:
3211:
2919:
2483:
1434:
3268:
2878:
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152:
167:
2114:
2924:
2827:
2177:
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2172:
129:
2705:
2279:
1342:
451:
2275:
1142:
Great Lakes Basin Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Program
392:"Evidence for early hunters beneath the Great Lakes"
3246:
3220:
3189:
3052:
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2813:
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2572:
2547:
2522:
2482:
2327:
2313:
2201:
2135:
2113:
2080:
2012:
1971:
1947:
1918:
1888:
1834:
1790:
1766:
1732:
1602:
1578:
1544:
1537:
1507:
1491:
1455:
1448:
1417:
1401:
1380:
1197:
1132:
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers
1119:
1033:
937:
823:
803:
740:
704:
656:
598:
572:
563:
522:
486:
234:
230:
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204:
196:
192:
179:
165:
150:
140:
128:
89:
79:
69:
21:
390:O’Shea, John M.; Meadows, Guy A. (June 23, 2009).
90:
397:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3170:Withrow Moraine and Jameson Lake Drumlin Field
2717:
2291:
1354:
1162:Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory
463:
8:
3164:Two Creeks Buried Forest State Natural Area
2984:
2909:
2817:
2724:
2710:
2702:
2324:
2298:
2284:
2276:
1541:
1452:
1361:
1347:
1339:
569:
470:
456:
448:
18:
427:
417:
349:
347:
243:
311:
309:
296:
3098:Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail
3062:Chippewa Moraine State Recreation Area
3413:Geological history of the Great Lakes
7:
51:
3104:Ice Age National Scientific Reserve
1210:Chicago Yacht Club Race to Mackinac
3428:Glacial lakes of the United States
14:
3408:Former lakes of the United States
3092:Horicon Marsh State Wildlife Area
957:Isle Royale National Park Islands
3382:
3381:
3037:Origin of the Oak Ridges Moraine
2513:
2258:
2246:
2234:
2222:
1323:
50:
43:
27:
367:United States Geological Survey
221:
211:
203:
195:
3100:, Idaho, Oregon and Washington
1177:International Joint Commission
1167:Great Lakes Fishery Commission
1:
3344:Huelmo–Mascardi Cold Reversal
2650:Greenhouse and icehouse Earth
1570:Proglacial lakes of Minnesota
68:
2765:Glacial history of Minnesota
1137:Great Lakes Areas of Concern
1127:Alliance for the Great Lakes
16:Former lake in North America
3128:Kettle Moraine State Forest
3031:Lion's Head Provincial Park
1003:Province of Ontario Islands
3444:
3274:Penultimate Glacial Period
3001:Big Rock (glacial erratic)
2347:Penultimate Glacial Period
1440:West Siberian Glacial Lake
354:Larsen, Curtis E. (1987).
3377:
3339:Late Glacial Interstadial
3118:, Minnesota and Wisconsin
2995:Arrowhead Provincial Park
2770:List of prehistoric lakes
2688:
2511:
2217:
2209:List of prehistoric lakes
2193:Great Tehuelche Paleolake
1320:
1275:Museum and historic ships
1008:State of Michigan Islands
330:10.1007/s10933-006-9049-y
318:Journal of Paleolimnology
200:241 mi (388 km)
38:
26:
3294:Holocene glacial retreat
3086:Glacial Lakes State Park
3025:Foothills Erratics Train
1091:Midcontinent Rift System
226:476 ft (145 m)
3334:Bølling–Allerød warming
3074:Devil's Lake State Park
3043:Ovayok Territorial Park
2732:Continental glaciations
2538:Late Paleozoic icehouse
1663:Lake Houghton (glacial)
912:Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal
419:10.1073/pnas.0902785106
218:1850 years in existence
208:57 mi (92 km)
3176:Yosemite National Park
3080:Glacial Lake Wisconsin
3019:Eskers Provincial Park
3007:Cypress Hills (Canada)
2805:Timeline of glaciation
2692:Timeline of glaciation
2559:(579.88 to 579.63 Mya)
1905:Kankakee Outwash Plain
1821:Glacial Lake Sammamish
1260:Marine protected areas
1250:Lake Michigan Triangle
1152:Great Lakes Commission
895:Sault Ste. Marie Canal
249:
174:French River (Ontario)
3319:Quaternary glaciation
3254:Quaternary glaciation
3152:Mill Bluff State Park
3116:Interstate State Park
2930:Giant current ripples
2745:Cordilleran ice sheet
2655:Great Oxidation Event
1870:Lake Jordan (Montana)
1758:Glacial Lake Missoula
1748:Glacial Lake Columbia
1688:Nipissing Great Lakes
1668:Glacial Lake Iroquois
1101:Nipissing Great Lakes
1046:Glacial Lake Iroquois
952:Detroit River Islands
917:Trent–Severn Waterway
247:
3329:Wisconsin glaciation
3284:Last Glacial Maximum
2800:Post-glacial rebound
2755:Last Glacial Maximum
2750:Laurentide ice sheet
2540:(360 Mya to 260 Mya)
2534:(460 Mya to 430 Mya)
2356:Last Glacial Maximum
2229:Geography portal
1999:Lake Nantucket Sound
1816:Glacial Lake Russell
1111:Wisconsin glaciation
1086:Last Glacial Maximum
846:Great Lakes Waterway
257:Stanley unconformity
3314:Pre-Illinoian Stage
3279:Last Glacial Period
3068:Coteau des Prairies
2979:Greenland ice sheet
2675:Milankovitch cycles
2352:Last Glacial Period
1245:Lake Michigan–Huron
1157:Great Lakes Compact
1147:Great Lakes Charter
1106:Scotch Bonnet Ridge
907:Straits of Mackinac
883:St. Lawrence Seaway
410:2009PNAS..10610120O
404:(25): 10120–10123.
214:Residence time
109: /
3359:4.2 kiloyear event
3354:8.2 kiloyear event
3289:Mousterian Pluvial
3021:, British Columbia
2588:(717 to 660 Mya);
2565:(547 to 541.5 Mya)
2241:History portal
1694:Early Lake Ontario
1096:Niagara Escarpment
1025:Potawatomi Islands
1013:Lake Huron Islands
878:St. Lawrence River
664:Grand Traverse Bay
643:St. Joseph Channel
633:Potagannissing Bay
272:North Bay, Ontario
255:, also called the
250:
3395:
3394:
3364:Piora Oscillation
3324:Sangamonian Stage
3185:
3184:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2699:
2698:
2630:(2.9 to 2.78 Gya)
2509:
2508:
2273:
2272:
2265:Oceans portal
2131:
2130:
1801:Glacial Lake Hood
1690:(Multiple basins)
1624:(Multiple basins)
1533:
1532:
1388:Lake Makgadikgadi
1336:
1335:
1265:Marysburgh vortex
974:Manitoulin Island
969:Lake Erie Islands
819:
818:
679:Little Bay de Noc
242:
241:
223:Surface elevation
145:George M. Stanley
3435:
3418:Proglacial lakes
3385:
3384:
2985:
2910:
2894:Terminal moraine
2818:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2703:
2611:(2.4 to 2.1 Gya)
2601:Paleoproterozoic
2592:(650 to 635 Mya)
2517:
2325:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2277:
2263:
2262:
2253:Lakes portal
2251:
2250:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2105:Lake San AgustĂn
1984:Lake Connecticut
1929:Lake Monongahela
1880:Lake Musselshell
1865:Lake Great Falls
1542:
1453:
1375:and related seas
1373:proglacial lakes
1363:
1356:
1349:
1340:
1330:Lakes portal
1328:
1327:
1326:
1235:Lake-effect snow
1034:Historic geology
712:Hamilton Harbour
585:Presque Isle Bay
570:
481:of North America
472:
465:
458:
449:
442:
441:
431:
421:
387:
381:
380:
375:
373:
360:
351:
342:
341:
313:
304:
301:
169:
168:Primary outflows
154:
124:
123:
121:
120:
119:
114:
110:
107:
106:
105:
102:
92:
54:
53:
47:
31:
19:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3373:
3259:Illinoian Stage
3242:
3233:Lambert Glacier
3216:
3202:Killary Harbour
3181:
3134:Lake Bonneville
3054:
3048:
2983:
2959:
2908:
2857:
2853:U-shaped valley
2843:Roche moutonnée
2809:
2775:Proglacial lake
2760:Canadian Shield
2733:
2730:
2700:
2695:
2684:
2633:
2614:
2595:
2568:
2543:
2518:
2505:
2502:(34 to 2.5 Mya)
2490:
2486:
2478:
2318:
2309:
2304:
2274:
2269:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2223:
2221:
2213:
2197:
2127:
2109:
2082:Rio Grande rift
2076:
2008:
1967:
1943:
1914:
1884:
1830:
1786:
1777:Lake Bonneville
1762:
1728:
1724:Lake Whittlesey
1653:Early Lake Erie
1598:
1574:
1529:
1503:
1487:
1468:Baltic Ice Lake
1444:
1413:
1397:
1376:
1367:
1337:
1332:
1324:
1322:
1316:
1193:
1115:
1029:
994:Treasure Island
947:Apostle Islands
933:
890:St. Marys River
873:St. Clair River
815:
799:
753:Chequamegon Bay
736:
700:
696:Manitou Passage
684:Porte des Morts
652:
611:Nottawasaga Bay
594:
565:
559:
523:Secondary lakes
518:
482:
476:
446:
445:
389:
388:
384:
371:
369:
358:
353:
352:
345:
315:
314:
307:
302:
298:
293:
280:
187:
183: countries
153:Primary inflows
117:
115:
111:
108:
103:
100:
98:
96:
95:
65:
64:
63:
62:
61:
60:
59:
55:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3441:
3439:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3400:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3369:Little Ice Age
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3238:Ross Ice Shelf
3235:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3197:Hardangerfjord
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3122:Kelleys Island
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3070:, South Dakota
3065:
3058:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3009:, Saskatchewan
3004:
2998:
2991:
2989:
2982:
2981:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2916:
2914:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2833:Glacial striae
2830:
2824:
2822:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2706:
2697:
2696:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2665:Snowball Earth
2662:
2660:Little Ice Age
2657:
2652:
2647:
2645:Glacial period
2641:
2639:
2638:Related topics
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2605:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2582:
2580:
2578:Snowball Earth
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2560:
2553:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2535:
2532:Andean-Saharan
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2494:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2475:(2.5 to 0 Mya)
2449:
2427:
2405:
2367:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2333:
2331:
2322:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2280:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2255:
2243:
2231:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2143:Lake Ballivián
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1994:Lake Merrimack
1991:
1989:Lake Hitchcock
1986:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1910:Lake Wisconsin
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1837:Missouri River
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1826:Lake Skokomish
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1806:Lake Nisqually
1803:
1797:
1795:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1734:Columbia River
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1709:Lake Tonawanda
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1658:Lake Frontenac
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1622:Lake Algonquin
1619:
1617:Lake Admiralty
1614:
1608:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1585:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1549:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1525:Lake Pickering
1522:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1478:Mastogloia Sea
1475:
1470:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1343:
1334:
1333:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1240:Lake freighter
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1198:Related topics
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1182:Municipalities
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1071:Lake Frontenac
1068:
1063:
1061:Lake Algonquin
1058:
1053:
1051:Lake Admiralty
1048:
1043:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1005:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
996:
989:Lake Mindemoya
986:
981:
971:
966:
965:
964:
954:
949:
943:
941:
935:
934:
932:
931:
930:
929:
919:
914:
909:
904:
903:
902:
897:
887:
886:
885:
875:
870:
865:
864:
863:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
827:
825:
821:
820:
817:
816:
814:
813:
807:
805:
801:
800:
798:
797:
796:
795:
790:
788:Batchawana Bay
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
744:
742:
738:
737:
735:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
708:
706:
702:
701:
699:
698:
693:
692:
691:
686:
681:
676:
674:Big Bay de Noc
666:
660:
658:
654:
653:
651:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
623:Munuscong Lake
620:
615:
614:
613:
602:
600:
596:
595:
593:
592:
587:
582:
576:
574:
567:
561:
560:
558:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
526:
524:
520:
519:
517:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
490:
488:
484:
483:
477:
475:
474:
467:
460:
452:
444:
443:
382:
343:
305:
295:
294:
292:
289:
279:
276:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
228:
227:
224:
220:
219:
216:
210:
209:
206:
202:
201:
198:
194:
193:
190:
189:
184:
177:
176:
171:
163:
162:
156:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
132:
126:
125:
93:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
57:
56:
49:
48:
42:
41:
40:
39:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3440:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3403:
3388:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3349:Younger Dryas
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3146:Lake Missoula
3144:
3141:
3140:Lake Lahontan
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3110:Ice Age Trail
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3051:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3013:Eramosa River
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:North America
2970:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2905:
2904:Veiki moraine
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2889:Rogen moraine
2887:
2885:
2884:Pulju moraine
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2874:Erratic block
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2848:Tunnel valley
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2694:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2516:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2457:Pre-Illinoian
2454:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2435:Pre-Illinoian
2432:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2364:Younger Dryas
2361:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2320:Late Cenozoic
2316:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2244:
2242:
2232:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:South America
2134:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2095:Lake Estancia
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2072:Lake Thompson
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2057:Lake Panamint
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2027:Lake Corcoran
2025:
2023:
2022:Lake Cahuilla
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1979:Lake Cape Cod
1977:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1900:Lake Kankakee
1898:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1875:Lake McKenzie
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1860:Lake Glendive
1858:
1856:
1855:Lake Cut Bank
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1845:Lake Chouteau
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1811:Lake Puyallup
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1782:Lake Lahontan
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1638:Lake Chippewa
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1612:Champlain Sea
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1538:North America
1536:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1520:Lake Lapworth
1518:
1516:
1515:Lake Harrison
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:Great Britain
1506:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:Littorina Sea
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1409:Lake Washburn
1407:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1371:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1331:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:Organizations
1118:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:Champlain Sea
1039:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
995:
992:
991:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:Lake Kagawong
977:
976:
975:
972:
970:
967:
963:
960:
959:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
944:
942:
940:
936:
928:
925:
924:
923:
922:Welland Canal
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
891:
888:
884:
881:
880:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
868:Nipigon River
866:
862:
859:
858:
857:
856:Niagara River
854:
852:
851:Chicago River
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
831:Detroit River
829:
828:
826:
822:
812:
809:
808:
806:
802:
794:
791:
789:
786:
785:
784:
783:Whitefish Bay
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
743:
739:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
709:
707:
703:
697:
694:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
659:
655:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
628:North Channel
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
612:
609:
608:
607:
604:
603:
601:
597:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
575:
571:
568:
562:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
525:
521:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
491:
489:
485:
480:
473:
468:
466:
461:
459:
454:
453:
450:
439:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
398:
393:
386:
383:
379:
368:
364:
363:pubs.usgs.gov
357:
350:
348:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
312:
310:
306:
300:
297:
290:
288:
284:
277:
275:
273:
269:
268:Lake Chippewa
264:
262:
258:
254:
246:
237:
233:
229:
225:
217:
215:
207:
199:
191:
188:United States
185:
182:
178:
175:
172:
170:
164:
160:
159:Lake Chippewa
157:
155:
149:
146:
143:
139:
136:
133:
131:
127:
122:
113:44.8°N 82.4°W
94:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
74:North America
72:
46:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3299:Oldest Dryas
3269:Interstadial
3264:Interglacial
3247:Time periods
3178:, California
3172:, Washington
2913:Glacifluvial
2862:Depositional
2785:Lake Chicago
2780:Lake Agassiz
2690:
2670:Interglacial
2168:Lake Minchin
2100:Lake Palomas
2090:Lake Alamosa
2062:Lake Russell
1963:Lake Passaic
1743:Lake Allison
1704:Lake Stanley
1703:
1699:Lake Saginaw
1633:Lake Chicago
1589:Lake Ojibway
1560:Lake Bassano
1555:Lake Agassiz
1546:Nelson River
1463:Ancylus Lake
1430:Lake Tengger
1425:Lake Bandung
1393:Lake Ptolemy
1255:Lake surfing
1081:Lake Stanley
1080:
1066:Lake Chicago
1056:Lake Agassiz
984:Lake Manitou
841:French River
773:Superior Bay
768:Pokegama Bay
763:Keweenaw Bay
748:Au Train Bay
689:Sturgeon Bay
606:Georgian Bay
590:Sandusky Bay
401:
395:
385:
377:
372:December 23,
370:. Retrieved
362:
321:
317:
299:
285:
281:
265:
256:
253:Lake Stanley
252:
251:
58:Lake Stanley
22:Lake Stanley
3309:Pleistocene
3304:Older Dryas
3166:, Wisconsin
3158:Oneida Lake
3154:, Wisconsin
3130:, Wisconsin
3112:, Wisconsin
3106:, Wisconsin
3094:, Wisconsin
3088:, Minnesota
3082:, Wisconsin
3076:, Wisconsin
3064:, Wisconsin
2950:Outwash fan
2945:Kettle hole
2838:Ribbon lake
2795:Teays River
2620:Mesoarchean
2563:Baykonurian
2425:Santa MarĂa
2379:Weichselian
2153:Lake Escara
2067:Lake Tecopa
2052:Lake Mojave
2032:Lake Harper
1972:New England
1958:Lake Albany
1939:Teays River
1891:Mississippi
1850:Lake Circle
1792:Puget Sound
1768:Great Basin
1714:Lake Warren
1683:Lake Minong
1678:Lake Maumee
1648:Lake Duluth
1628:Lake Arkona
1604:Great Lakes
1594:Tyrrell Sea
1565:Lake Souris
1370:Pleistocene
1307:Third Coast
1270:Megalopolis
1230:Lake breeze
1215:Circle Tour
1076:Lake Maumee
962:Isle Royale
927:First canal
793:Goulais Bay
778:Thunder Bay
732:Wellers Bay
727:Toronto Bay
648:Thunder Bay
638:Saginaw Bay
618:Lake George
555:Couchiching
479:Great Lakes
324:: 435–452.
197:Max. length
135:former lake
118:44.8; -82.4
116: /
91:Coordinates
84:Great Lakes
3423:Lake Huron
3402:Categories
3228:Antarctica
3221:Antarctica
3207:Monte Rosa
3160:, New York
2940:Kame delta
2899:Till plain
2790:Lake Tight
2574:Cryogenian
2469:Beestonian
2421:Wolstonian
2403:Llanquihue
2387:Midlandian
2337:Antarctica
2329:Quaternary
2315:Quaternary
2188:Lake Tauca
2158:Inca Huasi
2047:Lake Modoc
2042:Lake Manly
2037:Lake Manix
2014:California
2004:Lake Stowe
1934:Lake Tight
1753:Lake Lewis
1719:Lake Wayne
1673:Lake Lundy
1483:Yoldia Sea
1456:Baltic Sea
1402:Antarctica
1297:Shipwrecks
1225:Great Loop
836:Erie Canal
811:Anchor Bay
717:Humber Bay
580:Maumee Bay
487:Main lakes
291:References
261:Lake Huron
235:References
205:Max. width
3148:, Montana
3045:, Nunavut
3039:, Ontario
3033:, Ontario
3027:, Alberta
3015:, Ontario
3003:, Alberta
2997:, Ontario
2821:Erosional
2814:Landforms
2549:Ediacaran
2524:Paleozoic
2500:Antarctic
2492:Oligocene
2451:7th–8th:
2447:Rio Llico
2429:3rd–6th:
2413:Illinoian
2383:Devensian
2375:Wisconsin
2342:Greenland
2123:Lake Atna
1643:Lake Dana
1580:James Bay
1499:Lake Komi
1290:Laurentia
1220:Crossings
1020:Populated
900:Soo Locks
824:Waterways
804:St. Clair
758:Huron Bay
722:Sodus Bay
669:Green Bay
550:Winnebago
545:St. Clair
535:Nipissing
338:129166066
141:Etymology
130:Lake type
3387:Category
3212:Svalbard
3142:, Nevada
2920:Diluvium
2609:Huronian
2590:Marinoan
2586:Sturtian
2557:Gaskiers
2484:Pliocene
2465:Menapian
2391:Pinedale
2307:Ice ages
1922:drainage
1893:drainage
1582:drainage
1548:drainage
1435:Mundafan
1312:Treaties
741:Superior
657:Michigan
566:channels
564:Bays and
514:Superior
504:Michigan
438:19506245
278:Research
70:Location
3190:Eurasia
2879:Moraine
2869:Drumlin
2738:General
2680:Stadial
2628:Pongola
2488:Miocene
2473:Caracol
2443:Anglian
2202:Summary
2183:Salinas
939:Islands
705:Ontario
530:Nipigon
509:Ontario
429:2700903
406:Bibcode
104:82°24′W
101:44°48′N
3136:, Utah
3124:, Ohio
3055:States
3053:United
2988:Canada
2955:Sandur
2439:Elster
2431:Mindel
2399:Merida
2395:Fraser
2163:Mataro
2148:Cabana
2115:Alaska
1951:valley
1949:Hudson
1889:Upper
1835:Upper
1794:system
1770:system
1736:system
1492:Russia
1449:Europe
1381:Africa
1302:Storms
1285:Region
1187:Cities
540:Simcoe
436:
426:
336:
186:Canada
2925:Esker
2828:Fjord
2417:Saale
2407:2nd:
2369:1st:
2360:Older
2178:Sajsi
1280:Ports
1205:Basin
861:Falls
599:Huron
499:Huron
359:(PDF)
334:S2CID
181:Basin
161:basin
80:Group
2935:Kame
2461:Elbe
2453:GĂĽnz
2409:Riss
2371:WĂĽrm
2362:and
2173:Ouki
1920:Ohio
1418:Asia
573:Erie
494:Erie
434:PMID
374:2019
2463:or
424:PMC
414:doi
402:106
326:doi
3404::
2471:,
2467:,
2459:,
2455:,
2445:,
2441:,
2437:,
2433:,
2423:,
2419:,
2415:,
2411:,
2401:,
2397:,
2389:,
2381:,
2377:,
2373:,
2358:,
2317:/
432:.
422:.
412:.
400:.
394:.
376:.
365:.
361:.
346:^
332:.
322:37
320:.
308:^
274:.
2725:e
2718:t
2711:v
2576:-
2393:/
2385:/
2366:)
2354:(
2299:e
2292:t
2285:v
1362:e
1355:t
1348:v
471:e
464:t
457:v
440:.
416::
408::
340:.
328::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
