750:
732:
92:
49:
372:. As postulated, this caldera does not house the lake. The age of this large eruption of more than 100 cubic kilometres (24 cu mi) of magma was historically ill-defined due to several complexities and the literature gives a range from 40,000 years to 64,000 years ago with 47,400 ± 1500 years ago being recently quoted. What is not now challenged is that this was a paired eruption with a nearby vent in the
65:
72:
777:
Technically significant surface vents can be well separated from a magma chamber and its associated area of caldera collapse immediately above. A recent extreme example with a basalt eruption was in
Iceland where the significant vent was over 40 km (25 mi) from the caldera collapse that
330:
is expected to see improvement in lake water quality within five years. The
Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes Program reported in 2013 that the intervention has significantly improved water quality. Water quality is the highest it has been in decades, and it is on track to meet targets set by the Program to
310:
explorer also credited with discovering Lake
Rotorua. Legend says that the lake was named as such because when Ihenga first saw it, he could only see a small part of it and thought the lake was a lot smaller.
322:
in the Okere arm of the lake and choking lake weed growth in other still areas of the lake. A barrier to divert the nutrient rich waters of Lake
Rotorua into the Kaituna River was completed in late 2008.
353:
which is also very geothermally active on the south eastern margins of the lake. There appear to have been
Rotoiti eruptive vents at the eastern end of the lake and although these are part of the
314:
Since the 1960s, the quality of lake water has been negatively affected by inflows of nitrogen rich water from Lake
Rotorua, agricultural run-off from surrounding farms and seepage from domestic
1162:"40Ar/39Ar age of the Rotoiti Breccia and Rotoehu Ash, Okataina Volcanic Complex, New Zealand, and identification of heterogeneously distributed excess 40Ar in supercooled crystals"
1161:
1194:
Schmitz, Mark D.; Smith, Ian E. M. (2004). "The
Petrology of the Rotoiti Eruption Sequence, Taupo Volcanic Zone: an Example of Fractionation and Mixing in a Rhyolitic System".
922:
749:
947:
127:
1123:"Magma mingling in the ~50 ka Rotoiti eruption from Okataina Volcanic Centre: Implications for geochemical diversity and chronology of large volume rhyolites"
756:
738:
1221:
1262:
1022:"Storage, evolution, and mixing in basaltic eruptions from around the Okataina Volcanic Centre, Taupō Volcanic Zone, Aotearoa New Zealand"
731:
1267:
855:
926:
1272:
327:
992:
951:
879:
354:
64:
1054:
171:
31:
1021:
1220:
Houghton B F, Wilson C J N, McWilliams M O, Lanphere M A, Weaver S D, Briggs R M, Pringle M S, 1995.
1134:
1033:
164:
1222:
Chronology and dynamics of a large silicic magmatic system: Central Taupo
Volcano Zone, New Zealand
373:
358:
357:
they are believed to be in an area of collapse subsidence outside the north western margins of the
972:
1067:
1059:
851:
334:
Lake
Rotoiti has thermal hot-spring baths on the southern shore which are accessible by boat.
299:
1203:
1176:
1142:
1098:
1049:
1041:
808:
365:
272:
17:
369:
307:
1138:
1037:
900:
185:
48:
1256:
1146:
1122:
1071:
1045:
284:
264:
178:
159:
109:
105:
1085:
Riel, B.; Milillo, P.; Simons, M.; Lundgren, P.; Kanamori, H.; Samsonov, S. (2015).
1020:
Hughes, Ery C.; Law, Sally; Kilgour, Geoff; Blundy, Jon D.; Mader, Heidy M. (2023).
343:
315:
280:
276:
113:
91:
1180:
319:
268:
1207:
996:
1063:
871:
142:
129:
850:. Wellington: DSIR Science Information Publishing Centre. pp. 471–474.
303:
800:
1103:
1086:
347:
275:. The lake is close to the northern shore of its more famous neighbour,
812:
377:
368:, but has been renamed in the more standard major event fashion to the
172:
799:
de Ronde, Cornel E.J.; Caratori
Tontini, Fabio; Black, Jenny (2021).
350:
288:
973:"Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes Program, Lake Rotoiti Water Quality Status"
271:. It is the northwesternmost in a chain of lakes formed within the
376:
that had a separate magma source and erupted Earthquake Flat
1234:
1235:"CliFlo – National Climate Database : Lake Rotoiti 2"
901:"Volcanic Plateau places - Lake Rotoiti to Lake Rotomā"
759:
Homes and vacation homes nestled in around Lake Rotoiti
364:
This region of the caldera was at one time termed the
1121:
Shane, Phil; Nairn, I.A.; Smith, Victoria C. (2005).
846:Lowe, D.J.; Green, J.D. (1987). Viner, A.B. (ed.).
318:. The effects of this included an almost permanent
251:
247:
239:
231:
223:
215:
207:
199:
195:
184:
170:
158:
119:
101:
41:
346:through the Ohau Channel depends upon the sinking
1055:20.500.11820/9f5c151c-1f2e-47ed-a264-7649eacdf669
120:
1127:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
1087:"The collapse of Bárðarbunga caldera, Iceland"
1026:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
801:"Bathymetric map of Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand"
8:
1116:
1114:
1015:
1013:
993:"Lake Rotoiti, Lake Rotoehu and Lake Rotoma"
392:Climate data for Lake Rotoiti (1991–2020)
388:
287:, which flows into the Bay of Plenty near
38:
1102:
1053:
923:"Ohau Channel Diversion Wall Monitoring"
791:
770:
27:Lake in the North Island of New Zealand
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
30:For the lake in the South Island, see
7:
805:GNS Science Rotorua Lakes Map Series
302:means "The Small Lake Discovered by
71:
219:34.3 km (13.2 sq mi)
899:McKinnon, Malcolm (2 March 2009).
25:
1263:Lakes of the Bay of Plenty Region
1091:Geophysical Journal International
872:"Place name detail: Lake Rotoiti"
279:, and is connected to it via the
1147:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.08.012
1046:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107715
748:
730:
90:
70:
63:
47:
238:
230:
222:
214:
206:
198:
96:Bathymetric map of Lake Rotoiti
1160:Flude, S.; Storey, M. (2016).
328:Bay of Plenty Regional Council
1:
948:"Ohau Channel Diversion Wall"
651:Average rainfall mm (inches)
331:meet community expectations.
294:The full name of the lake is
100:
1181:10.1016/j.quageo.2016.01.002
880:New Zealand Geographic Board
848:Inland waters of New Zealand
235:100.0 m (328.1 ft)
925:. June 2011. Archived from
581:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
441:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
18:Lake Rotoiti, Bay of Plenty
1289:
720:
391:
29:
650:
580:
510:
440:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
211:3.6 km (2.2 mi)
89:
58:
46:
1268:Okataina Volcanic Centre
1208:10.1093/petrology/egh047
1169:Quaternary Geochronology
741:Panorama of Lake Rotoiti
355:Ōkataina Volcanic Centre
342:Its joint drainage with
296:Te Rotoiti-kite-a-Īhenga
243:279 m (915 ft)
203:15 km (9.3 mi)
227:33 m (108 ft)
1273:Volcanic crater lakes
1224:. Geology, 23: 13-16.
876:New Zealand Gazetteer
32:Lake Rotoiti (Tasman)
1196:Journal of Petrology
903:. Te Ara New Zealand
143:38.0390°S 176.4277°E
110:Bay of Plenty Region
1139:2005JVGR..139..295S
1038:2023JVGR..43407715H
778:drove the eruption.
511:Daily mean °C (°F)
283:. It drains to the
139: /
1104:10.1093/gji/ggv157
1032:(107715): 107715.
813:10.21420/8123-EA25
148:-38.0390; 176.4277
1202:(10): 2045–2066.
725:
724:
263:is a lake in the
258:
257:
240:Surface elevation
16:(Redirected from
1280:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1231:
1225:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1166:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1133:(3–4): 295–313.
1118:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1057:
1017:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
995:. Archived from
989:
983:
982:
980:
979:
969:
963:
962:
960:
959:
950:. Archived from
944:
938:
937:
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934:
919:
913:
912:
910:
908:
896:
890:
889:
887:
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843:
824:
823:
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819:
796:
779:
775:
752:
734:
389:
374:Ōkataina Caldera
366:Haroharo Caldera
359:Ōkataina Caldera
273:Okataina Caldera
174:
173:Primary outflows
154:
153:
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150:
149:
144:
140:
137:
136:
135:
132:
122:
94:
74:
73:
67:
51:
39:
21:
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1219:
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1120:
1119:
1112:
1084:
1083:
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1019:
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986:
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845:
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827:
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743:
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560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
386:
370:Rotoiti Caldera
340:
298:, which in the
188: countries
147:
145:
141:
138:
133:
130:
128:
126:
125:
97:
85:
84:
83:
82:
81:
80:
79:
75:
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1286:
1284:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1226:
1213:
1186:
1152:
1110:
1097:(1): 446–453.
1077:
1009:
984:
964:
939:
914:
891:
863:
856:
825:
790:
789:
787:
784:
781:
780:
769:
768:
766:
763:
755:
754:
747:
746:
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737:
736:
729:
728:
727:
723:
722:
718:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
648:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
578:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
508:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
438:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
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398:
394:
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387:
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382:
339:
336:
300:Māori language
256:
255:
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44:
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26:
24:
14:
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10:
9:
6:
4:
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2:
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1236:
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1227:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1081:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1014:
1010:
999:on 2012-11-15
998:
994:
988:
985:
974:
968:
965:
954:on 2015-11-24
953:
949:
943:
940:
929:on 2013-02-12
928:
924:
918:
915:
902:
895:
892:
881:
877:
873:
867:
864:
859:
857:0-477-06799-9
853:
849:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
826:
814:
810:
806:
802:
795:
792:
785:
774:
771:
764:
757:
751:
739:
733:
721:Source: NIWA
719:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
649:
643:
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623:
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598:
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588:
583:
579:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
509:
503:
498:
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483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
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383:
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375:
371:
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345:
337:
335:
332:
329:
324:
321:
317:
312:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
290:
286:
285:Kaituna River
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:Bay of Plenty
262:
254:
250:
246:
242:
234:
226:
224:Average depth
218:
210:
202:
194:
190:
187:
183:
180:
179:Kaituna River
177:
175:
169:
166:
163:
161:
157:
152:
124:
118:
115:
111:
107:
106:Rotorua Lakes
104:
93:
88:
66:
57:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
1239:. Retrieved
1229:
1216:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1172:
1168:
1155:
1130:
1126:
1094:
1090:
1080:
1029:
1025:
1001:. Retrieved
997:the original
987:
976:. Retrieved
967:
956:. Retrieved
952:the original
942:
931:. Retrieved
927:the original
917:
907:19 September
905:. Retrieved
894:
883:. Retrieved
875:
866:
847:
816:. Retrieved
804:
794:
773:
363:
344:Lake Rotorua
341:
333:
325:
316:septic tanks
313:
295:
293:
281:Ohau Channel
277:Lake Rotorua
261:Lake Rotoiti
260:
259:
216:Surface area
114:North Island
78:Lake Rotoiti
53:Lake Rotoiti
42:Lake Rotoiti
36:
320:algal bloom
269:New Zealand
200:Max. length
191:New Zealand
165:crater lake
146: /
134:176°25′40″E
121:Coordinates
1257:Categories
1003:2013-01-03
978:2015-04-30
958:2013-01-03
933:2013-01-03
885:2009-03-18
786:References
267:region of
252:References
232:Max. depth
208:Max. width
131:38°02′20″S
1175:: 13–23.
1072:253783414
1064:0377-0273
818:31 August
716:(62.68)
361:itself.
348:Tikitere
306:", the
102:Location
1135:Bibcode
1034:Bibcode
714:1,592.1
711:(5.93)
706:(5.89)
701:(6.61)
696:(6.07)
691:(5.47)
686:(4.09)
681:(6.27)
676:(4.59)
671:(3.55)
666:(4.76)
661:(4.29)
656:(5.16)
646:(38.9)
641:(45.5)
636:(41.2)
631:(38.5)
626:(34.9)
621:(31.3)
616:(29.3)
611:(30.4)
606:(35.8)
601:(39.9)
596:(44.4)
591:(47.3)
586:(47.7)
576:(48.8)
571:(55.8)
566:(51.4)
561:(48.2)
556:(44.2)
551:(40.6)
546:(38.7)
541:(39.4)
536:(44.8)
531:(49.8)
526:(55.2)
521:(58.6)
516:(58.8)
506:(58.8)
501:(66.0)
496:(61.7)
491:(58.1)
486:(53.8)
481:(50.0)
476:(48.0)
471:(48.4)
466:(53.8)
461:(59.7)
456:(66.0)
451:(70.2)
446:(70.2)
384:Climate
378:breccia
338:Geology
1241:19 May
1237:. NIWA
1070:
1062:
854:
397:Month
351:graben
304:Īhenga
289:Maketu
1165:(PDF)
1068:S2CID
765:Notes
709:150.7
704:149.6
699:167.8
694:154.3
689:139.0
684:104.0
679:159.2
674:116.5
664:121.0
659:108.9
654:131.0
436:Year
308:Māori
186:Basin
1243:2024
1060:ISSN
909:2012
852:ISBN
820:2023
669:90.1
619:−0.4
614:−1.5
609:−0.9
569:13.2
564:10.8
524:12.9
519:14.8
514:14.9
504:14.9
499:18.9
494:16.5
489:14.5
484:12.1
479:10.0
464:12.1
459:15.4
454:18.9
449:21.2
444:21.2
433:Dec
430:Nov
427:Oct
424:Sep
421:Aug
418:Jul
415:Jun
412:May
409:Apr
406:Mar
403:Feb
400:Jan
326:The
160:Type
1204:doi
1177:doi
1143:doi
1131:139
1099:doi
1095:202
1050:hdl
1042:doi
1030:434
809:doi
644:3.8
639:7.5
634:5.1
629:3.6
624:1.6
604:2.1
599:4.4
594:6.9
589:8.5
584:8.7
574:9.3
559:9.0
554:6.8
549:4.8
544:3.7
539:4.1
534:7.1
529:9.9
474:8.9
469:9.1
1259::
1200:45
1198:.
1173:33
1171:.
1167:.
1141:.
1129:.
1125:.
1113:^
1093:.
1089:.
1066:.
1058:.
1048:.
1040:.
1028:.
1024:.
1012:^
878:.
874:.
828:^
807:.
803:.
380:.
291:.
112:,
108:,
1245:.
1210:.
1206::
1183:.
1179::
1149:.
1145::
1137::
1107:.
1101::
1074:.
1052::
1044::
1036::
1006:.
981:.
961:.
936:.
911:.
888:.
860:.
822:.
811::
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
