1583:
667:
140:
119:
1595:
317:'s maxilla. This is because the lower jaw of sphenodonts contacts the inner edge of the maxilla when the mouth is closed; the outer surface of the maxilla would not be eroded by teeth because it never contacts the lower jaw. Therefore, these concavities (referred to as "false wear marks") must have had a different origin than true wear marks.
324:
also has a characteristic longitudinal ridge which is large and roughly-textured at the front part of the bone and forks into two ridges at the rear part of the bone. The teeth are widely spaced and roughly conical, with ridges on their outer surface and slanted wear facets on their inner surface.
312:
The maxilla is 3.6 centimetres (1.4 in) in length; including missing portions it would have been about 4.5 centimetres (1.8 in) long if complete. The inner surface of the maxilla is deeply concave but the outer surface has several scattered pits as well as deep facets above the third and
1625:
313:
fifth teeth. These facets are reminiscent of those which sphenodonts possess on the lower jaw due to abrasion from teeth of the upper jaw, but this cannot be the case in
329:
was an advanced sphenodont capable of propalinal (front-to-back) jaw movement. Although they do not closely resemble the wide, rectangular teeth of eilenodontine
398:
453:
1540:
1645:
1635:
1630:
446:
139:
666:
1573:
556:
359:'s discovery bolsters the theory that eupropalinal sphenodonts continued to dominate the "small reptile" niche of
1640:
1615:
439:
413:
1620:
1347:
330:
1508:
1553:
1187:
1139:
222:
1587:
529:
372:
297:
1173:
816:
296:(including 10 teeth of varying completeness). This bone was found at the Cerro Tortuga site near
134:
1558:
1078:
982:
860:
643:
541:
304:. The discoverer of the Cerro Tortuga locality, Tito Cabaza, is the namesake of the species.
1433:
1360:
799:
773:
698:
417:
409:
1599:
1462:
1322:
1260:
1219:
944:
626:
598:
568:
462:
301:
271:
267:
191:
1417:
1397:
1207:
1163:
913:
870:
839:
826:
783:
760:
708:
344:
118:
1609:
1447:
1440:
1367:
1270:
1249:
1239:
1229:
1003:
993:
927:
904:
890:
880:
738:
636:
360:
69:
1300:
1290:
1180:
1085:
1014:
972:
748:
718:
677:
498:
230:
201:
1531:
1454:
1311:
1055:
1025:
920:
650:
44:
1405:
1390:
1382:
1195:
1149:
1092:
1069:
1045:
728:
514:
260:
89:
54:
292:. This genus and species is represented by MML-PV-42, a well-preserved right
1426:
1375:
1332:
1279:
1035:
339:
279:
275:
151:
94:
38:
30:
1525:
961:
486:
364:
171:
84:
79:
64:
59:
49:
1545:
1129:
492:
348:
293:
283:
181:
99:
74:
480:
421:
368:
161:
1502:
431:
263:
397:
Apesteguía, Sebastián; Rougier, Guillermo W. (6 September 2007).
1506:
473:
435:
399:"A Late Campanian Sphenodontid Maxilla from Northern Patagonia"
333:, there are no qualities which preclude a relationship between
367:, while other sphenodonts went extinct and were replaced by
414:
10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3581[1:ALCSMF]2.0.CO;2
1571:
1344:
1328:
1318:
1307:
1296:
1286:
1266:
1256:
1245:
1235:
1225:
1215:
1160:
1145:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1066:
1051:
1041:
1031:
1021:
1010:
999:
989:
978:
968:
957:
901:
886:
876:
866:
856:
822:
812:
779:
769:
744:
734:
724:
714:
704:
694:
623:
237:
1515:
1416:
1343:
1206:
1159:
1102:
1065:
942:
900:
837:
797:
758:
675:
622:
567:
540:
513:
300:, which preserves fossils from the Cretaceous
447:
8:
363:ecosystems during the Cretaceous and early
1503:
1352:
1108:
950:
849:
845:
805:
687:
683:
619:
615:
546:
519:
510:
470:
454:
440:
432:
117:
20:
1626:Late Cretaceous reptiles of South America
343:, or alternatively members of the family
1578:
384:
7:
392:
390:
388:
320:The outer surface of the maxilla of
126:MML-PV-42, The holotype maxilla of
14:
1593:
1581:
665:
325:These wear facets indicate that
138:
337:and basal opisthodonts such as
1:
1646:Fossil taxa described in 2007
247:Apesteguía & Rougier 2007
282:. It is known from a single
1662:
1355:
1111:
953:
852:
848:
808:
690:
686:
662:
618:
614:
595:
549:
522:
509:
469:
406:American Museum Novitates
236:
229:
221:Apesteguía & Rougier
135:Scientific classification
133:
125:
116:
23:
16:Extinct genus of reptiles
289:Lamarquesaurus cabazai
242:Lamarquesaurus cabazai
128:Lamarquesaurus cabazai
1554:Paleobiology Database
1636:Fossils of Argentina
1631:Cretaceous Argentina
373:Northern Hemisphere
347:such as the modern
298:Lamarque, Argentina
1174:Palaeopleurosaurus
817:Planocephalosaurus
1569:
1568:
1509:Taxon identifiers
1500:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1471:
983:Lanceirosphenodon
938:
937:
861:Lanceirosphenodon
793:
792:
660:
659:
644:Penegephyrosaurus
610:
609:
606:
605:
591:
590:
587:
586:
557:Lepidosauromorpha
542:Lepidosauromorpha
252:
251:
225:
1653:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1562:
1561:
1549:
1548:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1504:
1434:Kaikaifilusaurus
1361:Fraserosphenodon
1353:
1346:
1330:
1320:
1309:
1298:
1288:
1268:
1258:
1247:
1237:
1227:
1217:
1162:
1147:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1109:
1068:
1053:
1043:
1033:
1023:
1012:
1001:
991:
980:
970:
959:
951:
903:
888:
878:
868:
858:
850:
846:
824:
814:
806:
800:Acrosphenodontia
781:
774:Paleollanosaurus
771:
746:
736:
726:
716:
706:
699:Diphydontosaurus
696:
688:
684:
670:
669:
625:
620:
616:
547:
520:
511:
504:
503:
471:
456:
449:
442:
433:
426:
425:
403:
394:
239:
220:
213:
143:
142:
121:
111:
41:
29:Temporal range:
21:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1641:Allen Formation
1616:Rhynchocephalia
1606:
1605:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1572:
1570:
1565:
1557:
1552:
1544:
1539:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1511:
1501:
1468:
1463:Toxolophosaurus
1412:
1339:
1261:Navajosphenodon
1220:Ankylosphenodon
1202:
1155:
1104:
1098:
1061:
947:
945:Neosphenodontia
934:
896:
842:
833:
802:
789:
754:
680:
671:
664:
656:
627:Gephyrosauridae
602:
599:Rhynchocephalia
583:
569:Rhynchocephalia
563:
536:
505:
476:
475:
465:
463:Rhynchocephalia
460:
430:
429:
401:
396:
395:
386:
381:
310:
302:Allen Formation
272:Late Cretaceous
248:
245:
219:
211:
192:Rhynchocephalia
137:
112:
110:
109:
108:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
36:
35:
33:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1659:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1621:Campanian life
1618:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1590:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1550:
1537:
1521:
1519:
1517:Lamarquesaurus
1513:
1512:
1507:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1420:
1418:Eilenodontinae
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1398:Pleurosauridae
1394:
1387:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1350:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1326:
1316:
1305:
1294:
1284:
1275:
1264:
1254:
1243:
1233:
1223:
1212:
1210:
1208:Sphenodontidae
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1177:
1169:
1167:
1164:Pleurosauridae
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1133:
1123:
1120:Lamarquesaurus
1112:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1074:
1072:
1070:Sapheosauridae
1063:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1019:
1008:
997:
987:
976:
966:
954:
948:
943:
940:
939:
936:
935:
933:
932:
924:
917:
914:Brachyrhinodon
909:
907:
898:
897:
895:
894:
884:
874:
871:Microsphenodon
864:
853:
843:
840:Eusphenodontia
838:
835:
834:
832:
831:
827:Godavarisaurus
820:
809:
803:
798:
795:
794:
791:
790:
788:
787:
784:Whitakersaurus
777:
766:
764:
761:Incertae sedis
756:
755:
753:
752:
742:
732:
722:
712:
709:Godavarisaurus
702:
691:
681:
676:
673:
672:
663:
661:
658:
657:
655:
654:
647:
640:
632:
630:
612:
611:
608:
607:
604:
603:
596:
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
582:
581:
580:
579:
573:
571:
565:
564:
562:
561:
560:
559:
550:
544:
538:
537:
535:
534:
533:
532:
523:
517:
507:
506:
502:
501:
495:
489:
483:
474:
467:
466:
461:
459:
458:
451:
444:
436:
428:
427:
383:
382:
380:
377:
361:South American
357:Lamarquesaurus
345:Sphenodontidae
335:Lamarquesaurus
327:Lamarquesaurus
322:Lamarquesaurus
315:Lamarquesaurus
309:
306:
294:maxillary bone
256:Lamarquesaurus
250:
249:
246:
234:
233:
227:
226:
216:Lamarquesaurus
209:
205:
204:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
131:
130:
123:
122:
114:
113:
105:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
42:
28:
25:Lamarquesaurus
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1658:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1579:
1575:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1448:Priosphenodon
1445:
1443:
1442:
1441:Patagosphenos
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1368:Kawasphenodon
1365:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1348:Opisthodontia
1342:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1271:Pamizinsaurus
1265:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:Kawasphenodon
1244:
1242:
1241:
1240:Derasmosaurus
1234:
1232:
1231:
1230:Cynosphenodon
1224:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1103:"Eupropalinal
1101:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:Rebbanasaurus
998:
996:
995:
994:Pamizinsaurus
988:
985:
984:
977:
975:
974:
967:
964:
963:
956:
955:
952:
949:
946:
941:
930:
929:
928:Polysphenodon
925:
923:
922:
918:
916:
915:
911:
910:
908:
906:
905:Clevosauridae
899:
893:
892:
891:Polysphenodon
885:
883:
882:
881:Opisthiamimus
875:
873:
872:
865:
863:
862:
855:
854:
851:
847:
844:
841:
836:
829:
828:
821:
819:
818:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
796:
786:
785:
778:
776:
775:
768:
767:
765:
763:
762:
757:
751:
750:
743:
741:
740:
739:Rebbanasaurus
733:
731:
730:
723:
721:
720:
713:
711:
710:
703:
701:
700:
693:
692:
689:
685:
682:
679:
674:
668:
653:
652:
648:
646:
645:
641:
639:
638:
637:Gephyrosaurus
634:
633:
631:
628:
621:
617:
613:
601:
600:
594:
577:
576:
575:
574:
572:
570:
566:
558:
554:
553:
552:
551:
548:
545:
543:
539:
531:
527:
526:
525:
524:
521:
518:
516:
512:
508:
500:
496:
494:
490:
488:
484:
482:
478:
477:
472:
468:
464:
457:
452:
450:
445:
443:
438:
437:
434:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
400:
393:
391:
389:
385:
378:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
341:
336:
332:
328:
323:
318:
316:
307:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
290:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
268:sphenodontian
265:
262:
258:
257:
244:
243:
235:
232:
228:
224:
218:
217:
210:
207:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
141:
136:
132:
129:
124:
120:
115:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
40:
32:
26:
22:
19:
1588:Paleontology
1516:
1461:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1404:
1396:
1389:
1381:
1374:
1366:
1359:
1331:
1321:
1310:
1301:Sphenovipera
1299:
1291:Sphenofontis
1289:
1278:
1277:
1269:
1259:
1248:
1238:
1228:
1218:
1194:
1186:
1181:Pleurosaurus
1179:
1172:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1119:
1118:
1105:sphenodonts"
1091:
1086:Sapheosaurus
1084:
1077:
1054:
1044:
1034:
1024:
1015:Sphenocondor
1013:
1002:
992:
981:
973:Homoeosaurus
971:
960:
926:
919:
912:
889:
879:
869:
859:
825:
815:
782:
772:
759:
749:Sphenocondor
747:
737:
727:
719:Micromenodon
717:
707:
697:
678:Sphenodontia
649:
642:
635:
597:
499:Lepidosauria
497:Superorder:
405:
356:
352:
338:
334:
331:opisthodonts
326:
321:
319:
314:
311:
288:
287:
255:
254:
253:
241:
240:
231:Type species
215:
214:
202:Sphenodontia
127:
24:
18:
1455:Sphenotitan
1406:Sapheosaurs
1312:Theretairus
1056:Leptosaurus
1026:Theretairus
921:Clevosaurus
651:Deltadectes
408:(3581): 1.
308:Description
37:79–75
1610:Categories
1391:Trullidens
1383:Pelecymala
1196:Vadasaurus
1150:Vadasaurus
1093:Oenosaurus
1046:Kallimodon
729:Pelecymala
578:see below↓
530:Sauropsida
515:Sauropsida
379:References
198:Suborder:
1532:Q65081749
1427:Eilenodon
1376:Opisthias
1333:Zapatadon
1280:Sphenodon
1188:Tingitana
1140:Tingitana
1079:Piocormus
1036:Zapatadon
479:Kingdom:
422:2246/5874
353:Sphenodon
340:Opisthias
280:Patagonia
276:Campanian
270:from the
158:Kingdom:
152:Eukaryota
31:Campanian
1600:Reptiles
1526:Wikidata
962:Colobops
493:Reptilia
487:Chordata
485:Phylum:
481:Animalia
365:Cenozoic
182:Reptilia
172:Chordata
168:Phylum:
162:Animalia
148:Domain:
1574:Portals
1546:8618891
1130:Sigmala
491:Class:
371:in the
369:lizards
349:tuatara
284:species
261:extinct
208:Genus:
188:Order:
178:Class:
106:↓
1559:202662
259:is an
402:(PDF)
278:) of
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