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Figure 1. Lamellipodia are thin-like projections on the leading edge of a cell (Image A). It is a feature of motile cells such as endothelial cells, neurons, and immune cells. The lamellipodia on the leading edge of the cell (green arrows) contain ATP- bound actin and the lamella on the "spike" end
336:. Rac1 induces cortactin to localize to the cell membrane, where it simultaneously binds F-actin and Arp2/3. The result is a structural reorganization of the lamellipodium and ensuing cell motility. Rac promotes lamellipodia while cdc42 promotes filopodia.
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are present at microfilament-microfilament junctions in lamellipodia, and help create the actin meshwork. Arp2/3 can only join onto previously existing microfilaments, but once bound it creates a site for the extension of
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proteins are found at the leading edge of lamellipodia, where they promote actin polymerization necessary for lamellipodial protrusion and chemotaxis. Further, Ena/VASP prevents the action of
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Lamellipodia are a characteristic feature at the front, leading edge, of motile cells. They are believed to be the actual motor which pulls the cell forward during the process of
185:. It contains a quasi-two-dimensional actin mesh; the whole structure propels the cell across a substrate. Within the lamellipodia are ribs of actin called
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of the cell contain ADP-bound actin (red arrow). This allows for a "treadmilling" action to occur when the cell is signaled to move (Image B).
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Weed, Scott A.; Karginov, Andrei V.; Schafer, Dorothy A.; Weaver, Alissa M.; Kinley, Andrew W.; Cooper, John A.; Parsons, J. Thomas (2000).
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511:"Cortactin localization to sites of actin assembly in lamellipodia requires interactions with F-actin and the Arp2/3 complex"
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Small, J. Victor; Stradal, Theresia; Vignal, Emmanuel; Rottner, Klemens (2002). "The lamellipodium: where motility begins".
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but can also be found in the cell membrane under certain conditions. When Cdc42 is activated, it can interact with
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microfilaments, which creates branching. Another molecule that is often found in polymerizing actin with Arp2/3 is
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surfaces. When separated from the main part of a cell, a lamellipodium can still crawl about freely on its own.
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230:. The lamellipodia of these keratinocytes allow them to move at speeds of 10–20 μm / min over
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Alberts, Bruce; Johnson, Alexander; Lewis, Julian; Raff, Martin; Roberts, Keith; Walter, Peter (2002).
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signalling to cytoskeletal reorganization in the lamellipodium and its associated structures.
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32:"Lamellipodia" redirects here. For the copepod genus with the synonym "Lamellipodia", see
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throughout the lamellipodium, which aids in the retrograde flow of particles throughout.
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369:(4th ed.). New York, NY: Garland Science. pp. 908, 931, 973–975.
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Structurally, the barbed ends of the microfilaments (localized actin
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Lamellipodia are found primarily in all mobile cells, such as the
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of the cell and is the primary area of actin incorporation or
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Hall, Alan (1998). "Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton".
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Actin projection on the leading edge of a migrating cell
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occurs in migrating mammalian cells as part of their
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226:of fish and frogs, which are involved in the quick
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241:. The tip of the lamellipodium is the site where
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694:"What are lamellipodia and lamella?"
433:"What are lamellipodia and lamella?"
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67:adding citations to reliable sources
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326:Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein
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675:MBInfo - Lamellipodia Assembly
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411:10.1016/S0962-8924(01)02237-1
367:Molecular Biology of the Cell
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680:Video tour of cell motility
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460:Cramer, Louise P. (1997).
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516:Journal of Cell Biology
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205:formation of the cell.
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670:MBInfo - Lamellipodia
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18:Lamellipodia
703:28 November
209:Description
187:microspikes
718:Categories
442:4 November
350:References
255:chemotaxis
249:-mediated
243:exocytosis
232:epithelial
195:nucleation
119:April 2012
89:newspapers
322:cytosolic
296:cortactin
265:Structure
191:filopodia
34:Epischura
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419:11859023
340:Ena/VASP
334:motility
316:-family
312:are two
271:monomers
247:clathrin
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572:Bibcode
563:Science
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318:GTPases
197:in the
158:lamella
103:scholar
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275:ATP
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