81:
653:
397:
504:
320:
645:
57:
306:
832:
452:, thereby hedging the threat of incursions by the Merovingian Franks in the west. However, when King Theoderic died in 526, they took the occasion to invade the Thuringian lands and finally carried off the victory in a 531 battle on the
80:
584:, "dukes of the Thuringians", as they set about establishing their power over the old duchy. After Thachulf's death in 873, the Sorbs rose in revolt and he was succeeded by his son
628:
and was defeated and killed in battle, along with the former duke Egino, on 3 August 908. He was the last recorded duke of
Thuringia. The duchy was the smallest of the so-called "
1296:
Wood, Ian (2000). "Before or After
Mission: Social Relations across the Middle and Lower Rhine in the Seventh and Eighth Centuries". In Hansen, Inge Lyse; Wickham, Chris (eds.).
523:, installed by King Dagobert in the early 630s. Radulf was able to secure the Frankish border along the Saale River in the east from Slavic incursions. However, according to the
784:
married her in 1221, the
Ludowingian dynasty had accomplished the advancement to one of the mightiest princely houses of the Holy Roman Empire. Under the rule of the landgraves
1500:
1510:
1515:
892:
743:, he was appointed Landgrave of Thuringia in 1131. The dynasty maintained the landgraviate throughout the fierce struggle of the Hohenstaufen and
1322:
1227:
1166:
1188:
923:
696:
is documented as a
Thuringian landgrave, the first mention of a secession from Saxony, however, he later had to yield as he sided with the
381:
902:
As a result, Henry of
Meissen gained the bulk of Thuringia in 1264, while the Hessian possessions of the landgraves were separated as the
529:, in 641/2 his victories "turned his head" (i.e., made him proud) and he allied with Samo and rebelled against Dagobert's successor, King
1106:
931:
856:
844:
1152:
1100:
911:
636:
in 913. The
Thuringians remained a distinct people, and in the Middle Ages their land was organised as the Landgraviate of Thuringia.
600:
fought a civil war for control of
Thuringia, in which the latter was victorious. Egino died in 886 and Poppo resumed command. In 892,
1179:
1160:
1088:
1082:
919:
1145:
1094:
1076:
896:
848:
793:
781:
377:
205:
1209:
1070:
927:
720:
541:
ultimately failed and Radulf was able to maintain his semi-autonomous position. His successors of the local ducal dynasty, the
385:
108:
1485:. Quellen und Studien zur Verfassungsgeschichte des Deutschen Reiches in Mittelalter und Neuzeit, vol. 7, pt. 4. Weimar, 1939.
281:
1449:
1424:
1352:
1305:
1280:
1255:
1173:
1127:
1121:
884:
736:
1055:
693:
681:
1505:
1017:
689:
585:
1042:
1011:
963:
907:
751:
617:
567:
545:, supported missionary activity within the duchy, but seem to have lost their hold on Thuringia after the rise of the
429:
652:
1036:
980:
943:
605:
520:
63:
992:
1029:
1023:
597:
593:
384:, the last independent ruler of Thuringia died in 1440, the territory passed to his nephew, the Saxon elector
701:
56:
1136:
673:
361:
1347:. Manchester Medieval Series, Ninth-Century Histories, vol. II. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
910:. The Meissen margraves of the Wettin dynasty retained the landgravial title. Upon the death of Margrave
632:", and was absorbed by Saxony after Burchard's death, when Burchard's sons were finally expelled by Duke
942:
over the Wettin lands. The
Thuringian lands fell to William III when he died childless in 1482. Elector
939:
935:
903:
860:
813:
740:
677:
525:
299:
244:
218:
132:
396:
915:
876:
777:
773:
728:
685:
313:
231:
762:
in their
Hessian estates. In the "Golden Age" under Hohenstaufen rule, Thuringia became a centre of
888:
805:
601:
449:
345:
616:. But Conrad's rule was short, perhaps because he had a lack of local support. He was replaced by
487:
tribes, while the Franks moved into the southern parts on the Main River. The estates east of the
797:
763:
712:
708:
661:
613:
538:
365:
1416:
503:
1445:
1420:
1348:
1301:
1276:
1251:
1223:
951:
947:
864:
755:
724:
589:
112:
986:
624:, "margrave of the Thuringians". Burchard had to defend Thuringia from the incursions of the
596:, perhaps a kinsman. Poppo instigated a war with Saxony in 882 and in 883 he and his brother
1215:
852:
809:
750:
Beside the
Wartburg, the Ludowingian landgraves had further lavish residences erected, like
668:
in the 10th century. Large parts of the Thuringian estates were controlled by the Counts of
633:
409:
1219:
1113:
880:
785:
644:
572:
421:
373:
369:
17:
1273:
The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, ca. 500–700
1409:
1243:
875:
his rule remained disputed, though he was able to defeat the troops of Frederick's son
768:
759:
550:
492:
417:
341:
71:
656:
The Landgraviate of Thuringia within the Empire around the middle of the 13th century.
1494:
789:
744:
558:
376:
in 908. From about 1111/12 the territory was ruled by the Landgraves of Thuringia as
946:
inherited the landgraviate, uniting the Wettin lands under his rule. After the 1485
1062:
665:
580:, "duke of the Sorbian frontier", but he and his successors were commonly known as
530:
433:
432:
is documented about 500, who ruled over extended estates that stretched beyond the
719:
Castle, which became the residence of his descendants who, beginning with his son
831:
457:
437:
150:
629:
609:
537:) of Thuringia. A punitive expedition led by the Frankish Mayor of the Palace
473:
461:
445:
441:
353:
747:
royal families, occasionally switching sides according to the circumstances.
684:(d. 1002) was appointed Thuringian duke. After his assassination 1002, Count
868:
817:
546:
516:
405:
349:
286:
192:
1323:"Military History in East Francia under King Louis the German (c. 825-876)"
824:, with the administrative seat of the Thuringian bailiwick in Zwätzen near
660:
A separate Thuringian stem duchy did not exist during the emergence of the
998:
716:
542:
469:
847:
reached his appointment as German governor by the Hohenstaufen emperor
821:
625:
453:
425:
801:
669:
484:
163:
122:
99:
608:. This was an act of patronage by the king, for Conrad's house, the
895:, daughter of late Landgrave Louis IV - a conflict that led to the
830:
732:
651:
643:
563:
502:
488:
395:
102:
1411:
Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels: The Ways of Medieval Warfare
825:
697:
480:
468:) where the last Thuringian king was killed. His niece Princess
413:
357:
479:
The Thuringian realm was shattered: the territory north of the
420:
in the mid 5th century, culminating in their defeat in the 454
879:
he died one year later. His heritage was claimed by both the
1298:
The Long Eighth Century: Production, Distribution and Demand
1275:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 61, 109.
1214:(1 ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. Thuringia.
723:, served as Thuringian landgraves. Louis I had married the
556:
In 849, the eastern part of Thuringia was organised as the
1483:
Königtum und Stämme in der Werdezeit des Deutschen Reiches
1442:
Two German Crowns: Monarchy and Empire in Medieval Germany
835:
Coat of arms of the Landgraviates of Hesse and Thuringia,
27:
Eastern borderland of the Merovingian kingdom of Austrasia
851:
in 1242. However, when Frederick was declared deposed by
731:
and became the heir of extended estates in Thuringia and
914:
his younger brothers divided their heritage in the 1382
356:
after his troops had been defeated by the forces of the
715:(1042–1123) laid the foundations for the erection of
491:
River were beyond Frankish control and taken over by
400:
Francia about 486, with Thuringian realm in the east
855:in 1246, he secured the support by the archbishops
241:
228:
215:
202:
189:
179:
160:
146:
138:
128:
118:
95:
32:
1408:
808:. The landgraves maintained close ties with the
533:, even going so far as to declare himself king (
1444:. Bristol, IN: Wyndham Hall Press. p. 90.
926:in 1440, Thuringia fell to his nephew Elector
549:in the early eighth century. A conflict with
8:
930:. The inheritance conflict with his brother
37:
1501:Former states and territories of Thuringia
1248:Germany in the Early Middle Ages, 800–1056
772:at the Wartburg, or the ministry of Saint
553:around 717–19 brought an end to autonomy.
436:River in the south. His son and successor
29:
1211:The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages
688:acted as Thuringian spokesman with King
1200:
676:. According to the medieval chronicler
612:, were soon feuding with Poppo's, the
1511:7th-century establishments in Germany
766:culture, epitomized by the legendary
566:March, and placed under a duke named
507:Frankish Empire with Thuringian march
240:
227:
214:
201:
188:
178:
159:
155:
7:
1220:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001
368:and its dukes were appointed by the
39:Herzogtum (Landgrafschaft) Thüringen
1300:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 149–166.
1153:Theodoric IV, Landgrave of Lusatia
25:
1250:. New York: Longman. p. 55.
1208:Bjork, Robert, ed. (2010-01-01).
1161:Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen
950:, Thuringia split into the Saxon
34:Duchy (Landgraviate) of Thuringia
1516:Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire
1466:Germany in the Early Middle Ages
1415:. New York: MJF Books. pp.
1395:Germany in the Early Middle Ages
1382:Germany in the Early Middle Ages
1146:Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen
897:War of the Thuringian Succession
812:, the order established several
378:Princes of the Holy Roman Empire
352:, established about 631 by King
318:
304:
279:
79:
55:
1130:, Margrave of Meissen 1288–1292
906:under the rule of Sophie's son
1122:Henry III, Margrave of Meissen
922:. Upon the death of Landgrave
918:, whereby Thuringia passed to
843:The last Thuringian landgrave
483:mountain range was settled by
88:Landgrave Albert II, 1265
1:
1407:Santosuosso, Antonio (2004).
1343:Reuter, Timothy, ed. (1992).
804:remained a possession of the
372:until it was absorbed by the
170:
1169:, jointly with his brothers
358:Slavic confederation of Samo
1321:Flynn, Christopher (2020).
1148:, jointly with his brother
964:List of rulers of Thuringia
806:Prince-Archbishops of Mainz
511:The first documented duke (
460:had Hermanafrid trapped in
1532:
1440:Mitchell, Otis C. (1985).
961:
476:and died in exile in 586.
404:The former kingdom of the
364:. It was recreated in the
816:east of the Saale, as in
800:, while the largest city
620:, whose title in 903 was
412:after the decline of the
258:
254:
191:• Re-established as
181:• Duchy established
156:
51:
46:
18:Landgraviate of Thuringia
912:Frederick III of Meissen
519:was a local noble named
1330:University of Minnesota
954:and Albertine duchies.
776:, the daughter of King
735:. A close ally of King
702:Investiture Controversy
1271:Curta, Florin (2001).
1182:, sole ruler from 1382
928:Frederick II of Saxony
857:Siegfried III of Mainz
840:
694:Herman I of Winzenburg
657:
649:
508:
472:was kidnapped by King
401:
362:Battle of Wogastisburg
38:
940:Saxon Fratricidal War
936:Division of Altenburg
904:Landgraviate of Hesse
834:
737:Lothair II of Germany
678:Thietmar of Merseburg
655:
647:
592:replaced Radulf with
526:Chronicle of Fredegar
506:
399:
300:Landgraviate of Hesse
245:Division of Altenburg
1371:, s. a. 882 and 883.
1056:Herman of Winzenburg
1005:"Younger" stem duchy
916:Division of Chemnitz
885:Henry III of Meissen
798:Free imperial cities
778:Andrew II of Hungary
754:("New Castle") near
741:Hohenstaufen dynasty
729:Hedwig of Gudensberg
686:William II of Weimar
674:Margraves of Meissen
630:younger stem duchies
622:marchio Thuringionum
604:replaced Poppo with
578:dux Sorabici limitis
314:Electorate of Saxony
206:Comital line extinct
1506:630s establishments
1345:The Annals of Fulda
889:Judith of Thuringia
739:against the rising
692:. In 1111/12 Count
690:Henry II of Germany
458:Theuderic of Rheims
450:Theoderic the Great
1135:purchased by King
974:"Older" stem duchy
841:
788:were conferred to
764:Middle High German
725:Rhenish Franconian
713:Louis the Springer
658:
650:
509:
402:
366:Carolingian Empire
338:Duchy of Thuringia
1481:Gerd Tellenbach.
1229:978-0-19-866262-4
1137:Adolph of Germany
948:Treaty of Leipzig
893:Sophie of Brabant
861:Conrad of Cologne
780:. When Landgrave
582:duces Thuringorum
499:Merovingian duchy
444:, a niece of the
408:arose during the
334:
333:
330:
329:
326:
325:
292:
291:
217:• Split off
133:Roman Catholicism
113:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
1523:
1469:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1414:
1404:
1398:
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1312:
1311:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1205:
934:led to the 1445
863:and had himself
853:Pope Innocent IV
810:Teutonic Knights
752:Neuenburg Castle
634:Henry the Fowler
410:Migration Period
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321:
308:
307:
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59:
41:
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21:
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1476:Further reading
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1427:
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1369:Annals of Fulda
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1283:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1258:
1244:Reuter, Timothy
1242:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1114:House of Wettin
1051:
1032:(in opposition)
971:
966:
960:
786:town privileges
707:Meanwhile, the
648:Wartburg Castle
642:
573:Annals of Fulda
559:limes Sorabicus
515:) of remaining
501:
430:Thuringian king
422:Battle of Nedao
394:
340:was an eastern
319:
305:
280:
247:
234:
221:
208:
195:
182:
173:
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106:
91:
90:
89:
87:
86:Coat of arms of
84:
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67:lion barry
65:
60:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
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11:
5:
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1001:
995:
989:
983:
976:
975:
970:
967:
962:Main article:
959:
956:
891:, and Duchess
873:rex clericorum
760:Marburg Castle
662:German kingdom
641:
638:
551:Charles Martel
500:
497:
493:Polabian Slavs
418:Central Europe
393:
390:
342:frontier march
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331:
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147:Historical era
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72:banner of arms
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1167:Frederick III
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837:Codex Ingeram
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796:which became
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576:his title is
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1316:
1297:
1291:
1272:
1266:
1247:
1238:
1210:
1203:
1189:Frederick IV
1134:
1133:
1063:Ludowingians
924:Frederick IV
901:
872:
871:. Mocked as
849:Frederick II
842:
836:
767:
749:
706:
666:East Francia
659:
640:Landgraviate
621:
581:
577:
571:
557:
555:
534:
531:Sigebert III
524:
512:
510:
478:
465:
456:River. King
403:
386:Frederick II
382:Frederick IV
337:
335:
269:Succeeded by
268:
263:
193:Landgraviate
142:Feudal Duchy
66:
64:Ludowingian
1107:Henry Raspe
1018:Radulf (II)
932:William III
845:Henry Raspe
814:commandries
769:Sängerkrieg
711:aristocrat
700:during the
680:, Margrave
602:King Arnulf
438:Hermanafrid
374:Saxon dukes
348:kingdom of
346:Merovingian
264:Preceded by
151:Middle Ages
47:631/32–1440
1495:Categories
1451:0932269664
1426:0813391539
1354:0719034574
1307:9004117237
1282:0521802024
1257:0582081564
1187:1406–1440
1178:1349–1406
1172:1349–1382
1165:1349–1381
1159:1323–1349
1151:1298–1307
1144:1298–1323
1126:1265–1294
1120:1247–1265
1105:1241–1247
1101:Hermann II
1099:1227–1241
1093:1217–1227
1087:1190–1217
1081:1172–1190
1075:1140–1172
1069:1131–1140
1049:Landgraves
981:Radulf (I)
794:Nordhausen
790:Mühlhausen
709:Franconian
614:Babenbergs
610:Conradines
590:King Louis
588:. In 880,
474:Chlothar I
442:Amalaberga
416:Empire in
354:Dagobert I
230:• To
174: 531
139:Government
70:(presumed
1180:Balthasar
1174:William I
1139:1294–1298
1128:Albert II
1089:Hermann I
1083:Louis III
952:Ernestine
920:Balthasar
887:, son of
883:margrave
877:Conrad IV
869:anti-king
839:, c. 1459
818:Altenburg
774:Elizabeth
727:countess
570:. In the
547:Pippinids
517:Thuringia
466:Tolbiacum
446:Ostrogoth
406:Thuringii
350:Austrasia
287:Thuringii
166:invasion
129:Religion
1464:Reuter,
1393:Reuter,
1380:Reuter,
1367:Reuter,
1246:(1991).
1095:Louis IV
1077:Louis II
1054:1111/12
1043:Burchard
1041:907–908
1035:892–906
1028:882–886
1022:880–892
1016:874–880
1012:Thachulf
1010:849–873
999:Heden II
997:689–719
991:687–689
985:642–687
979:632–642
938:and the
782:Louis IV
756:Freyburg
717:Wartburg
682:Eckard I
672:and the
618:Burchard
568:Thachulf
539:Grimoald
470:Radegund
440:married
428:a first
164:Frankish
100:Frankish
1071:Louis I
993:Gozbert
987:Heden I
908:Henry I
867:German
865:elected
822:Schleiz
721:Louis I
626:Magyars
564:Sorbian
543:Hedenen
462:Zülpich
454:Unstrut
426:Bisinus
424:. With
392:History
380:. When
360:at the
344:of the
243:•
204:•
198:1111/12
162:•
119:Capital
111:of the
1468:, 133.
1448:
1423:
1397:, 129.
1384:, 123.
1351:
1304:
1279:
1254:
1226:
1037:Conrad
958:Rulers
944:Ernest
881:Wettin
802:Erfurt
758:, and
698:Papacy
670:Weimar
606:Conrad
586:Radulf
521:Radulf
414:Hunnic
232:Saxony
185:631/32
123:Erfurt
96:Status
1326:(PDF)
1195:Notes
1030:Egino
1024:Poppo
969:Dukes
733:Hesse
664:from
598:Egino
594:Poppo
562:, or
489:Saale
485:Saxon
448:king
219:Hesse
109:State
107:then
103:duchy
1446:ISBN
1421:ISBN
1349:ISBN
1302:ISBN
1277:ISBN
1252:ISBN
1224:ISBN
859:and
826:Jena
820:and
792:and
745:Welf
481:Harz
434:Main
370:king
336:The
250:1445
237:1440
224:1264
211:1247
62:The
1417:148
1216:doi
535:rex
513:dux
1497::
1419:.
1328:.
1222:.
899:.
828:.
704:.
495:.
388:.
171:c.
1454:.
1429:.
1357:.
1332:.
1310:.
1285:.
1260:.
1232:.
1218::
464:(
105:,
74:)
20:)
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