881:. The idea behind the day is to raise international awareness about the fact that it is not languages that represent barriers: languages should not be removed, they are not a barrier – to the contrary, they should be celebrated. It is access to translation services that is the barrier preventing communities from accessing and sharing information across languages. The annual celebration of this day aims to raise awareness about and to grow global community translation efforts. Expressions can overcome language barrier. Art of expression is beyond the barriers of language. Language barriers can also be a concern for those seeking healthcare as the patient-physician communication can be compromised. Patients unable to understand or communicate their concerns with their doctors often experience decreased quality in healthcare. These differences can be overcome via methods such as translation services or language classes for physicians (Rand, 1998).
1079:, uneasiness, self-consciousness, defensiveness, suspicion, hostility, and superiority" as well as positive outcomes such as, "admiration, respectfulness, happiness, comfortableness, confidence, interest, curiosity and inspiration." There is some advice that has been discussed by scholars, to help international students ease into socially different environments. To alleviate the stress that these students experience, some scholars have suggested dealing with the problems with a positive attitude, while also advising the students to reach out for problem-solving resources, especially during their orientation period (Olivas and Li 219-220). As professor S.G. Nelson said in 1991 in his book,"
1067:(51-56). In addition, students are also likely to experience social isolation, prejudice, and discrimination, "Foreign students rank negative attitudes and a lack of cultural sensitivity among US nationals as the greatest perceived barriers to successful intergroup relations." These students often face prejudice, isolation and discrimination because of the lack of second language proficiency, which in turn causes psychological problems within these individuals.
325:
977:
countries would understand this language when they read or heard it, because its words also occurred in their own languages. This approach addressed a perceived limitation of the available auxiliary languages: the need to convince others to learn them before communication could take place. The newer auxiliary languages could also be used to learn ethnic languages quickly and to better understand one's own language.
244:
940:, where Germanic tongues were spoken or familiar. The most common backgrounds in the United States are German, Irish, and English, and the vast majority of Scandinavian emigrants also moved to the United States (or English-speaking Canada). Southern Europeans, such as Italians, were more likely to move to Latin American countries; today, people of Italian descent are the second-largest ethnic background in
84:
43:
186:
1047:, especially in the United States. Much research exists that shows the difficulties imposed by language barriers for these students, including helplessness and excess stress. Selvadurai mentioned the issue of language barriers, the dentification of classroom atmosphere, and faculty-student relationship difficulties for
976:
In the first half of the twentieth century, a second approach to auxiliary languages emerged: that there was no need to construct an auxiliary language, because the most widely spoken languages already had many words in common. These words could be developed into a simple language. People in many
1471:
language barriers are semantic problems that arise during the process of encoding and/ordecoding the message into words and ideas, respectively. They are one of the main barriers that limit effective communication. They are the most common communication barriers which cause misunderstandings and
1139:
The majority of kenya students in primary schools are beginner-level
English language users, which led to not having the required language skills needed to learn the subject content effectively in English. The teachers encountered challenges such as diverse student backgrounds, mother tongue
1131:
teaching French in the Kenya
Universities, students have to rely on part-time lecturers of French for the smooth running of their courses. Issues facing French as a course in the Kenya Universities also include insufficient learning materials, course contents,
1127:, this indicate the significance of the French language in the university. Students who are offering French as a course in Kenyan Universities started learning the language while they were in secondary school. Due to insufficient numbers of
832:
tested proficient in college-level
English (Kahmi – Stein & Stein, 1999). Numbers such as these make it evident that it is crucial for instruction librarians to acknowledge the challenges that language can present. Clearly use of
870:, this alteration of words and positions can be much more baffling than it is to native English speakers. The use of synonyms, a necessity in keyword searching, is difficult to master, especially for students with limited
1513:
Spencer-Rodgers, Julie; McGovern, Timothy (November 2002). "Attitudes toward the culturally different: the role of intercultural communication barriers, affective responses, consensual stereotypes, and perceived threat".
837:
is a key complicating factor in international students' use of an
American university library. Language difficulties affect not only information-gathering skills but also help-seeking behaviors. Lack of proficiency in
972:
by a person or group. Originally, the idea was that two people who wanted to communicate could learn an auxiliary language with little difficulty and could use this language to speak or write to each other.
1274:
era. In
Nigeria, English language is the language of instruction from primary education through secondary to tertiary education. It is the language through which all other subjects in the educational
815:
1735:
1327:
and traditions of its members learning more than one language, an adaptation; while not entirely removing barriers of understanding, it belies the notion of impassable language barriers.
1027:, languages intended specifically for speakers of closely related languages. Since languages of the same family already have a certain degree of mutual intelligibility, the idea is that
1596:
1354:
women who faced cultural and language barriers were less likely to attend breast screening because they were not aware that it takes place in a female-only environment.
1259:
that made
English language a core subject in schools. English language serves as the basic instruction language in the Nigeria education system. It is a measure of the
893:
from a country are far more likely to move to a destination country which speaks the same language as the emigrant's country. Thus, most
British emigration has been to
254:
685:
1043:
Now, more and more students prefer to study abroad. Along other challenges of international travel, language barrier has become one of the greatest problems for
588:
697:
1561:
Hsieh, Ching-Ni; Ionescu, Marcel; Ho, Tsung-Han (2017-09-22). "Out of many, one: challenges in teaching multilingual Kenyan primary students in
English".
723:
1641:
1826:
Woof, Victoria G.; Ruane, Helen; French, David P.; Ulph, Fiona; Qureshi, Nadeem; Khan, Nasaim; Evans, D. Gareth; Donnelly, Louise S. (2020-05-20).
670:
917:. Even if the destination country does not speak the emigrant's language, it is still more likely to receive immigration if it speaks a language
1140:
interference, lack of usefulness of
English language in the community, students' attitudes toward English, and insufficient learning resources.
1769:
Woof, Victoria G; Ruane, Helen; Ulph, Fiona; French, David P; Qureshi, Nadeem; Khan, Nasaim; Evans, D Gareth; Donnelly, Louise S (2019-12-02).
956:
have primarily chosen Italy and Spain as emigration destinations, with
Germany, the largest Western European country, ranking a distant third.
922:
557:
532:
196:
207:
1099:
and show their individuality, and when different age groups are together, people of all ages must learn how to act around other groups."
1063:—second language anxiety, educational stressors, and sociocultural stressors were identified by Chen as the three biggest challenges for
817:. Similar difficulties occur at multinational meetings, where interpreting services can be costly, hard to obtain, and prone to error.
1031:
should allow a language based on their commonalities to be understandable without any prior learning. The most widely used example is
583:
675:
665:
573:
291:
225:
167:
101:
70:
56:
1368:
1180:
148:
1319:
It is sometimes assumed that when multiple languages exist in a setting, there must therefore be multiple language barriers.
1056:
1051:
in his research, which was published in 1998. Of all the factors, he said that language is “the first barrier encountered by
716:
639:
445:
120:
105:
1278:
are taught. A credit pass in English is a compulsory condition for securing admission into Nigerian tertiary institutions.
952:, after Spanish and (in Brazil) Portuguese, but rank fourth in the United States among European groups. In the past decade,
1828:"The introduction of risk stratified screening into the NHS breast screening Programme: views from British-Pakistani women"
486:
471:
1913:
1736:"Cultural and language barriers need to be addressed for British-Pakistani women to benefit fully from breast screening"
127:
1771:"Engagement barriers and service inequities in the NHS Breast Screening Programme: Views from British-Pakistani women"
821:
609:
578:
404:
803:, which requires an investment of much time and effort. People travelling abroad often encounter a language barrier.
814:, when language learning is a cumbersome process, can have particular difficulty "overcoming the language barrier"
756:
134:
94:
1908:
1407:
1281:
It is also exemplified throughout other British Commonwealth or past colonised countries. Other examples besides
709:
1485:
349:
1024:
660:
31:
1179:
used in the educational system are written in the English language. Mass failure is as a result of inadequate
116:
1412:
542:
450:
389:
364:
878:
855:
625:
511:
409:
379:
1263:
of student's school performance, hence the need for it being a compulsory subject in Nigerian's schools.
1696:
1387:
1255:
When the British government took over the administration of the schools in Nigeria, they came up with a
1172:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1044:
863:
859:
851:
847:
846:
in their library use as it relates to asking for and receiving assistance. Lee (1991), herself a former
843:
680:
537:
440:
384:
369:
266:
200:
that states a Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
62:
744:, i.e. the difficulties in communication experienced by people or groups originally speaking different
1237:
1009:
692:
552:
547:
394:
308:
1286:
1112:
965:
776:
619:
476:
435:
425:
399:
374:
1621:
1167:
in the teaching of a second language, lack of resources for english language teaching, inadequate
1151:. The project was developed to assist primary refugee learners in learning their native language.
1918:
1751:
1351:
1119:, Chinese, e.t.c are learnt in college and university settings by kenyan students. University of
930:
760:
481:
359:
354:
1687:
Nwaolikpe, Nancy Onyinyechi (October 2013). "Culture and Nigerian Identity in the Print Media".
1541:
1433:
1867:
1849:
1808:
1790:
1578:
1116:
968:
have been available to help overcome the language barrier. They were traditionally written or
604:
455:
339:
141:
1420:
1310:
SIL discusses "language as a major barrier to literacy" if a speaker's language is unwritten.
1857:
1839:
1798:
1782:
1743:
1570:
1523:
1401:
1282:
1249:
1233:
1229:
1218:
1214:
1206:
1148:
933:
871:
839:
834:
829:
825:
1363:
1335:
1320:
1294:
1124:
1028:
937:
635:
614:
324:
877:(F. Jacobson, 1988). In 2012, The Rosetta Foundation declared April 19 the international
1451:
1862:
1827:
1803:
1714:
1199:
1184:
1527:
27:
Difficulty in communication experienced by speakers of different languages or dialects
1902:
1755:
1324:
1072:
926:
910:
902:
792:
741:
527:
430:
1267:
1574:
1700:
1666:
17:
1486:"Problems faced by international students in American colleges and universities"
1347:
1271:
1147:
camp to improve learning outcomes for learners who do not understand English or
1133:
1032:
1017:
1005:
1001:
906:
764:
506:
501:
344:
316:
83:
1844:
1136:, as well as job opportunities for lecturers and graduates of french in Kenya.
1334:
alone, but members of every ethnic group on average manage to assimilate into
1275:
1260:
1175:
issues towards the language on the part of the students. Most of the Nigerian
1143:
An education project in Kenya known as Tasfiri is being implemented in Kukuma
1088:
993:
890:
874:
867:
811:
655:
1853:
1794:
1786:
1582:
1298:
1245:
1241:
1222:
1210:
1168:
1160:
1013:
985:
953:
941:
894:
745:
496:
1871:
1812:
1770:
1163:
teachers in improving english language learning outcomes include current
828:
was their second language; yet only 1,000 of these non-active speakers of
1176:
1128:
1092:
1084:
800:
796:
772:
740:
is a figurative phrase used primarily to refer to linguistic barriers to
1747:
1111:
universities existed for a long time. Languages such as German, French,
1642:"THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE NIGERIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM"
1225:
1195:
1144:
1120:
1096:
1076:
945:
854:
tend to be acquiescent and believe that school is the one place in the
807:
749:
491:
1330:
For example, there are an estimated 250 different languages spoken in
1331:
1290:
1256:
1202:
1164:
949:
914:
898:
650:
645:
1893:
1108:
780:
768:
1689:
Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Oman Chapter)
1039:
Language barrier for international students in the United States
921:
to that of the emigrant. The most obvious example is the great
1888:
989:
980:
Examples of traditional auxiliary languages, sometimes called
237:
179:
77:
36:
1023:
The second approach is pushed even further by the so-called
1270:, the Nigerian educational system remained the same as the
197:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
1542:"The Learning of Foreign Languages in Kenya Universities"
1055:” (154). According to Chen, counseling instructor at the
1597:"Overcoming language barriers in Kenya's Kakuma refugee"
858:
where they should be able to compete on an equal basis.
866:, concerned with proper sentence structure and precise
262:
203:
1059:, not only will a language barrier cause anxiety for
1020:
are widely used today, although Ido is also in use.
996:. Examples of the newer approach, sometimes called
108:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1400:
1155:Language Barriers in Nigerian's Educational System
1622:"English Language, the Nigerian Education System"
1516:International Journal of Intercultural Relations
1236:dominates the printed media. Although informal
1217:rather than their own languages, and the use of
1667:"Mother Tongues: Breaking the language barrier"
1103:Language Barriers in Kenya’s Educational System
1452:"Language barriers to effective communication"
799:occurs unless one or both parties learn a new
820:In 1995, 24,000 of the freshmen entering the
759:and can cause misunderstandings that lead to
717:
8:
1071:cite experiencing negative issues such as, "
889:Language barriers also influence migration.
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
862:are receptive and strongly motivated. For
755:Language barrier impedes the formation of
724:
710:
303:
1861:
1843:
1802:
292:Learn how and when to remove this message
226:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
1380:
1346:Language barriers can affect access to
596:
565:
519:
463:
417:
331:
315:
1183:in English language from the Nigerian
936:, attracted primarily immigrants from
923:migration of Europeans to the Americas
909:, most Spanish emigration has been to
676:Bhagavad-gita translations by language
1742:(Plain English summary). 2020-09-15.
1191:Language dominance after colonisation
533:Internationalization and localization
7:
1508:
1506:
1438:The Seven Barriers of Communication.
1421:participating institution membership
106:adding citations to reliable sources
1350:. For example, a study showed that
1569:(2). Informa UK Limited: 199–213.
1472:misinterpretations between people.
1390:in the Collins English Dictionary.
1154:
810:at an adult age or have a limited
666:Books and magazines on translation
30:For the Sly and Robbie album, see
25:
1338:and be productive members of it.
960:Auxiliary languages as a solution
52:This article has multiple issues.
1563:Language, Culture and Curriculum
1369:International auxiliary language
323:
242:
184:
82:
41:
1456:UtopĂa y Praxis Latinoamericana
1434:"Examples of Language Barriers"
1232:in education is important, and
913:, and Portuguese emigration to
93:needs additional citations for
60:or discuss these issues on the
1450:Buarqoub, I.A.S (2013-05-28).
1221:has rapidly spread throughout
1123:created the Sub-department of
1057:University of British Columbia
795:between speakers of different
698:Kural translations by language
671:Bible translations by language
446:Dynamic and formal equivalence
1:
1575:10.1080/07908318.2017.1378670
1528:10.1016/s0147-1767(02)00038-x
806:The people who come to a new
686:List of most translated works
487:Translation management system
1775:Journal of Medical Screening
1717:. Phon.ucl.ac.uk. 1999-03-29
1484:Selvadurai, Ranjani (1992).
1095:is how people express their
779:, and wasting time, effort,
265:or discuss the issue on the
842:can be a major concern for
822:California State University
757:interpersonal relationships
1935:
1845:10.1186/s12885-020-06959-2
29:
1408:Oxford English Dictionary
1323:societies generally have
879:"No Language Barrier Day"
1787:10.1177/0969141319887405
1171:of English language and
661:Journalistic translation
257:on a geographical region
32:Language Barrier (album)
1413:Oxford University Press
543:Video game localization
451:Contrastive linguistics
1889:An Interlingua website
1205:and was forced to use
1069:International students
1065:international students
1061:international students
1053:international students
1049:international students
1045:international students
1029:receptive bilingualism
998:naturalistic languages
964:Since the late 1800s,
864:international students
860:International students
856:English-speaking world
852:international students
844:international students
626:Telephone interpreting
512:Multimedia translation
206:by rewriting it in an
1715:"Multilingual London"
1248:are more literate in
1107:Foreign languages in
848:international student
558:Software localization
538:Language localization
441:Translation criticism
370:Linguistic validation
1238:education in Nigeria
1087:is much more than a
1081:How Language is Life
1010:Latino Sine Flexione
929:, with its dominant
553:Website localization
263:improve this article
102:improve this article
1914:Translation studies
1748:10.3310/alert_41135
1411:(Online ed.).
982:schematic languages
966:auxiliary languages
620:Video relay service
477:Machine translation
436:Translation project
426:Translation studies
1402:"language barrier"
1388:"language barrier"
1305:Other uses of term
1159:Challenges facing
791:Typically, little
783:, and human life.
482:Mobile translation
208:encyclopedic style
195:is written like a
117:"Language barrier"
1419:(Subscription or
1352:British-Pakistani
1181:learning outcomes
734:
733:
605:Untranslatability
456:Polysystem theory
302:
301:
294:
284:
283:
255:balanced coverage
236:
235:
228:
178:
177:
170:
152:
75:
18:Language barriers
16:(Redirected from
1926:
1909:Sociolinguistics
1876:
1875:
1865:
1847:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1646:cenresinjournals
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1510:
1501:
1500:
1493:Community Review
1490:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1447:
1441:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1404:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1244:languages, most
934:English language
850:, explains that
824:system reported
738:language barrier
726:
719:
712:
681:Translated books
631:Language barrier
548:Dub localization
327:
304:
297:
290:
279:
276:
270:
253:may not provide
246:
245:
238:
231:
224:
220:
217:
211:
188:
187:
180:
173:
166:
162:
159:
153:
151:
110:
86:
78:
67:
45:
44:
37:
21:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1899:
1898:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1720:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1672:
1670:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1651:
1649:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1606:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1512:
1511:
1504:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1465:
1463:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1364:Multilingualism
1360:
1344:
1336:British society
1317:
1307:
1193:
1157:
1105:
1041:
1025:zonal languages
962:
938:Northern Europe
887:
789:
752:in some cases.
730:
636:Fan translation
615:Transliteration
405:Sense-for-sense
298:
287:
286:
285:
280:
274:
271:
260:
247:
243:
232:
221:
215:
212:
204:help improve it
201:
189:
185:
174:
163:
157:
154:
111:
109:
99:
87:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1932:
1930:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:An Ido website
1891:
1884:
1883:External links
1881:
1878:
1877:
1818:
1781:(3): 130–137.
1761:
1727:
1706:
1679:
1658:
1633:
1613:
1588:
1553:
1533:
1522:(6): 609–631.
1502:
1476:
1462:(Esp.6): 64–77
1442:
1426:
1392:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1356:
1343:
1340:
1325:lingua francas
1316:
1315:Misconceptions
1313:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1303:
1228:. The role of
1192:
1189:
1185:primary school
1156:
1153:
1104:
1101:
1040:
1037:
961:
958:
886:
883:
788:
785:
732:
731:
729:
728:
721:
714:
706:
703:
702:
701:
700:
695:
690:
689:
688:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
640:of video games
633:
628:
623:
617:
612:
607:
599:
598:
597:Related topics
594:
593:
592:
591:
586:
581:
576:
568:
567:
563:
562:
561:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
522:
521:
517:
516:
515:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
466:
465:
461:
460:
459:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
420:
419:
415:
414:
413:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
390:Interpretation
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
334:
333:
329:
328:
320:
319:
313:
312:
300:
299:
282:
281:
250:
248:
241:
234:
233:
192:
190:
183:
176:
175:
90:
88:
81:
76:
50:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1931:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1765:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1740:NIHR Evidence
1737:
1731:
1728:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1680:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:(1–2): 27–32.
1498:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1403:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1381:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
978:
974:
971:
967:
959:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
932:
928:
927:United States
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:Latin America
908:
904:
903:United States
900:
896:
892:
884:
882:
880:
876:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
836:
831:
827:
823:
818:
816:
813:
809:
804:
802:
798:
794:
793:communication
787:Communication
786:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
753:
751:
747:
743:
742:communication
739:
727:
722:
720:
715:
713:
708:
707:
705:
704:
699:
696:
694:
691:
687:
684:
683:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
641:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
610:Transcription
608:
606:
603:
602:
601:
600:
595:
590:
587:
585:
584:Organizations
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
571:
570:
569:
566:Institutional
564:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
528:Glocalization
526:
525:
524:
523:
518:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
468:
467:
462:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
431:Skopos theory
429:
427:
424:
423:
422:
421:
416:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
400:Word-for-word
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
350:Bhagavad-gita
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
337:
336:
335:
330:
326:
322:
321:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:
296:
293:
278:
268:
264:
258:
256:
251:This article
249:
240:
239:
230:
227:
219:
209:
205:
199:
198:
193:This article
191:
182:
181:
172:
169:
161:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119: –
118:
114:
113:Find sources:
107:
103:
97:
96:
91:This article
89:
85:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1739:
1730:
1719:. Retrieved
1709:
1695:(3): 63–71.
1692:
1688:
1682:
1671:. Retrieved
1661:
1650:. Retrieved
1648:. 2020-02-20
1645:
1636:
1625:. Retrieved
1616:
1605:. Retrieved
1603:. 2023-02-16
1600:
1591:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1545:. Retrieved
1536:
1519:
1515:
1496:
1492:
1479:
1470:
1464:. Retrieved
1459:
1455:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1406:
1395:
1383:
1345:
1342:Consequences
1329:
1321:Multilingual
1318:
1280:
1268:independence
1265:
1254:
1194:
1158:
1142:
1138:
1134:scholarships
1106:
1080:
1042:
1022:
997:
981:
979:
975:
969:
963:
918:
888:
819:
805:
790:
754:
737:
735:
630:
574:Associations
520:Localization
464:Technologies
288:
272:
252:
222:
213:
194:
164:
155:
145:
138:
131:
124:
112:
100:Please help
95:verification
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
1115:, Arabic,
1077:anxiousness
1073:awkwardness
1033:Interslavic
1018:Interlingua
1006:Interlingue
1002:Interlingua
970:constructed
907:New Zealand
765:frustration
693:Translators
507:Postediting
502:Pre-editing
317:Translation
1903:Categories
1838:(1): 452.
1832:BMC Cancer
1721:2012-08-22
1701:1476893534
1673:2012-08-22
1652:2024-06-21
1627:2024-06-21
1607:2024-06-21
1547:2024-06-21
1466:2021-08-13
1423:required.)
1375:References
1348:healthcare
1287:Portuguese
1276:curriculum
1261:evaluation
1113:Portuguese
1091:of words.
1089:vocabulary
875:vocabulary
868:vocabulary
812:vocabulary
748:, or even
656:Scanlation
497:Subtitling
410:Homophonic
380:Regulatory
128:newspapers
57:improve it
1919:Education
1854:1471-2407
1795:0969-1413
1756:241324844
1669:. Sil.org
1583:0790-8318
1299:Mauritius
1246:Nigerians
1211:Nigerians
1177:textbooks
1169:knowledge
1129:lecturers
1014:Esperanto
986:Esperanto
954:Romanians
942:Argentina
895:Australia
891:Emigrants
885:Migration
797:languages
746:languages
385:Technical
275:July 2013
267:talk page
216:July 2013
158:July 2007
63:talk page
1872:32434564
1813:31791172
1697:ProQuest
1601:Porticus
1358:See also
1285:include
1272:colonial
1242:Nigerian
1223:Nigerian
1173:attitude
1161:Nigerian
1145:refugees
1117:Japanese
1097:feelings
1093:Language
1085:Language
931:Germanic
801:language
777:distress
773:violence
761:conflict
750:dialects
395:Cultural
345:Literary
309:a series
307:Part of
1863:7240981
1804:7645618
1283:English
1250:English
1234:English
1230:English
1226:society
1219:English
1215:English
1207:English
1200:British
1196:Nigeria
1149:Swahili
1121:Nairobi
1012:. Only
994:VolapĂĽk
946:Uruguay
919:related
872:English
840:English
835:English
830:English
826:English
808:country
769:offense
589:Schools
492:Dubbing
375:Medical
261:Please
202:Please
142:scholar
1870:
1860:
1852:
1811:
1801:
1793:
1754:
1699:
1581:
1332:London
1295:French
1291:Angola
1266:After
1257:policy
1213:spoke
1203:colony
1198:was a
1165:trends
1125:French
1000:, are
992:, and
984:, are
950:Brazil
948:, and
925:. The
915:Brazil
901:, the
899:Canada
651:Fandub
646:Fansub
579:Awards
418:Theory
144:
137:
130:
123:
115:
1752:S2CID
1489:(PDF)
1417:
1240:uses
1109:Kenya
905:, or
781:money
622:(VRS)
365:Kural
360:Quran
355:Bible
340:Legal
332:Types
149:JSTOR
135:books
1868:PMID
1850:ISSN
1809:PMID
1791:ISSN
1579:ISSN
1293:and
1083:", "
1016:and
1008:and
121:news
1858:PMC
1840:doi
1799:PMC
1783:doi
1744:doi
1571:doi
1524:doi
1436:in
1297:in
1289:in
990:Ido
472:CAT
104:by
1905::
1866:.
1856:.
1848:.
1836:20
1834:.
1830:.
1807:.
1797:.
1789:.
1779:27
1777:.
1773:.
1750:.
1738:.
1691:.
1644:.
1599:.
1577:.
1567:31
1565:.
1520:26
1518:.
1505:^
1497:12
1495:.
1491:.
1469:.
1460:24
1458:.
1454:.
1405:.
1301:.
1252:.
1209:.
1187:.
1075:,
1035:.
1004:,
988:,
944:,
897:,
775:,
771:,
767:,
763:,
736:A
311:on
66:.
1874:.
1842::
1815:.
1785::
1758:.
1746::
1724:.
1703:.
1693:2
1676:.
1655:.
1630:.
1610:.
1585:.
1573::
1550:.
1530:.
1526::
1440:.
1415:.
725:e
718:t
711:v
642:)
638:(
295:)
289:(
277:)
273:(
269:.
259:.
229:)
223:(
218:)
214:(
210:.
171:)
165:(
160:)
156:(
146:·
139:·
132:·
125:·
98:.
73:)
69:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
