1076:
1748:
1333:
896:
746:
1364:
1132:
1490:
77:
1991:
490:
690:. All three technically have overlapping jurisdictions, and though their regular duties are fairly different and they typically avoid each other's responsible areas (the Cook County Sheriff's Office typically avoids patrolling Chicago unless it is for penal or court-related duties), they are still capable of assisting each other if necessary, usually in the form of higher-tier agencies assisting lower-tier agencies.
1172:
1839:
201:
36:
840:
resources between versus within agencies. When multiple LEAs cover the one legal jurisdiction, each agency still typically organizes itself into operations areas. In the United States, within a state's legal jurisdiction, county and city LEAs do not have full legal jurisdictional flexibility throughout the state, and this has led in part to mergers of adjacent police agencies.
849:
875:. International LEAs are typically also multinational, but multinational LEAs are typically not international. LEAs which operate across a collection of countries tend to assist in law enforcement activities, rather than directly enforcing laws, by facilitating the sharing of information necessary for law enforcement between LEAs within those countries.
358:
140:
303:
820:
1886:
Usually, these powers are only allowed when it can be shown that a subject is probably already not complying with a law. For example, to undertake an intrusive search, typically a LEA must make an argument and convince a judicial officer of the need to undertake the intrusive search on the basis that
792:
While the operations area of a LEA is sometimes referred to as a jurisdiction, any LEA operations area usually still has legal jurisdiction in all geographic areas the LEA operates, but by policy and consensus the operations area does not normally operate in other geographical operations areas of the
1899:
Subjects who do not comply with laws will usually seek to avoid detection by a LEA. When required, in order for the LEA to detect and investigate subjects not complying with laws, the LEA must be able to undertake its activities secretly from the non-complying subject. This, however, may require the
1730:
to ensure that the LEA is complying with relevant laws such as the U.S. Federal Bureau of
Investigation's Office of Professional Responsibility. In some countries and regions, specialised or separate LEAs are established to ensure that other LEAs comply with laws and investigate potential violations
1162:
Typically, LEAs working in different jurisdictions which overlap in the type of law non-compliance actively establish mechanisms for cooperation, establish joint operations and joints task forces. Often, members of a LEA working outside of their normal jurisdiction on joint operations or task force
923:
The responsibilities of a federal LEA vary from country to country. Federal LEA responsibilities are typically countering fraud against the federation, immigration and border control regarding people and goods, investigating currency counterfeiting, policing of airports and protection of designated
1107:
Typically, federal LEAs have relatively narrow police responsibilities, the individual divisions within the federation usually establish their own police agencies to enforce laws within the division. However, in some countries federal agencies have jurisdiction in divisions of the federation. This
1103:
Members of a federal LEA may be given jurisdiction within a division of a federation for laws enacted by the governing bodies of the divisions either by the relevant division within the federation, or by the federation's governing body. By way of example, the
Australian Federal Police is a federal
1787:
and many municipalities to police them, even though law enforcement in Canada is constitutionally a divided responsibility. This arrangement has been achieved by formal agreement between those provinces and municipalities and the federal government, and reduces the number of agencies policing the
1964:
Law enforcement agencies have other exemptions from laws to allow them to operate in a practical way. For example, many jurisdictions have laws which forbid animals from entering certain areas for health and safety reasons. LEAs are typically exempted from these laws to allow dogs to be used for
839:
have jurisdiction over their respective areas of legal coverage, but they do not normally operate out of their areas without formal liaison between them. The primary difference between separate agencies and operational areas within the one legal jurisdiction is the degree of flexibility to move
1354:
agencies, however, also often have a range of responsibilities not specifically related to law enforcement. These responsibilities relate to social order and public safety. While this understanding of policing, being more encompassing than just law enforcement has grown with and is commonly
878:
Within a country, the jurisdiction of law enforcement agencies can be organized and structured in a number of ways to provide law enforcement throughout the country. A law enforcement agency's jurisdiction can be for the whole country or for a division or sub-division within the country.
1146:
In federal polities, actions that violate laws in multiple geographical divisions within the federation are escalated to a federal LEA. In other cases, specific crimes deemed to be serious are escalated; in the United States, the FBI has responsibility for the investigation of all
1099:
In a federation, there will typically be separate LEAs with jurisdictions for each division within the federation. A federal LEA will have primary responsibility for laws which affect the federation as whole, and which have been enacted by the governing body of the federation.
1791:
In circumstances where a country or division within a country is not able to establish stable or effective LEAs, typically police agencies, the country might invite other countries to provide personnel, experience, and organisational structure to constitute a LEA, such as the
1774:
For reasons of either logistical efficiency or policy, some divisions with a country will not establish their own LEAs but will instead make arrangements with another LEA, typically from the same country, to provide law enforcement within the division. For example, the
817:
954:
as well as federal law enforcement responsibilities. However, a federal police agency will not usually exercise its powers at a divisional level. Such exercising of powers is typically specific arrangements between the federal and divisional governing bodies.
654:, etc.). Only the municipal, county, and state levels are involved in direct policing (i.e. uniformed officers with marked cars and regular patrols), and these can still depend on each agency's role and function. As an example for the American tiers, the
1300:, because each of their state police are mostly at country level. These forces typically have jurisdiction over the relevant sub-national jurisdiction, and may cooperate in law enforcement activities with municipal or national police where either exist.
1856:
To enable a LEA to prevent, detect, and investigate non-compliance with laws, the LEA is endowed with powers by its governing body which are not available to non LEA subjects of a governing body. Typically, a LEA is empowered to varying degrees to:
1951:
Lawful deception and use of law exemption by a LEA is typically subject to very strong judicial or open civil overview. For example, the
Australian Federal Police's controlled operations are subject to open civil review by its governing body, the
1900:
LEA to explicitly not comply with a law other subjects must comply with. To allow the LEA to operate and comply with the law, it is given lawful exemption to undertake secret activities. Secret activities by a LEA are often referred to as
1666:. Monitoring of the application of regulations and codes of practice is not normally considered law enforcement. However, the consistent non-compliance by a subject with regulations or codes of practice may result in the revocation of a
578:
Sometimes, an LEA's jurisdiction is determined by the type of violation committed relative to the laws the LEA enforces, who or what the violation affects, or the seriousness of the violation. For example, in the United States, the
1075:
1512:
Other responsibilities of LEAs are typically related to assisting subjects to avoid non-compliance with a law, assisting subjects to remain safe and secure, assisting subjects after a safety impacting event. These include:
1973:. Members of LEAs may be permitted to openly display firearms in places where this is typically prohibited to civilians, violate various traffic laws in the course of their duties, or detain persons against their will.
1599:
are law enforcement bodies that are owned or controlled by non-governmental entities. Private police are often utilized in places where public law enforcement is seen as being under-provided. For example, the
1355:
understood by society, it is recognized formally by scholars and academics. A police agency's jurisdiction for social order and public safety will normally be the same as its jurisdiction for law enforcement.
1694:. The significant majority of LEAs around the world are secular, and their governing bodies separating religious matters from the governance of their subjects. Religious law enforcement agencies, such as
1128:. This is a direct jurisdictional responsibility and is different from the situation when a governing body makes arrangements with another governing body's LEA to provide law enforcement for its subjects.
1670:
for the subject to operate, and operating without a licence is typically illegal. Also, the failure to apply codes of practice can impact other subjects' safety and life, which can also be illegal.
1979:
is an international organisation and is essentially stateless, but must operate from some physical location. Interpol is protected from certain laws of the country where it is physically located.
859:
Jurisdictionally, there can be an important difference between international LEAs and multinational LEAs, even though both are often referred to as "international", even in official documents. An
2212:
3003:
1732:
1197:
is a LEA in a country which does not have divisions capable of making their own laws. A national LEA has the combined responsibilities that federal LEAs and divisional LEAs would have in a
1051:
A federated approach to the organization of a country does not necessarily indicate the nature of the organization of law enforcement agencies within the country. Some countries, such as
1809:
1574:
Many LEAs have administrative and service responsibilities, often as their major responsibility, as well as their law enforcement responsibilities. This is typical of agencies such as
615:, but usually takes on complex serious matters referred to it by another agency, and the agency will undertake its own investigations of less serious or complex matters by consensus.
2288:
872:
827:
Sometimes, the one legal jurisdiction is covered by more than one LEA, again for administrative and logistical efficiency reasons, or arising from policy, or historical reasons. In
794:
1937:
when the communication medium is electronic in nature, e.g. the U.S. Federal Bureau of
Investigation by virtue of United States Code 18 Title 18 Part I Chapter 119 Section 2516.
2978:
English television documentary comprehensively depicting a major
European police force and its methods, investigations, and political activities during the early 20th century
2627:
1080:
596:
1215:
responsibilities of social order and public safety as well as national law enforcement responsibilities. Examples of countries with non-federal national police agencies are
1204:
To help avoid confusion over jurisdictional responsibility, some federal LEAs, such as the U.S. FBI, explicitly advise that they are not a national law enforcement agency.
773:
Often, a LEA's jurisdiction will be geographically divided into operations areas for administrative and logistical efficiency reasons. An operations area is often called a
607:, their jurisdiction does not cover specifically tobacco smuggling. In other cases, an LEA's involvement is determined based on whether their involvement is requested; the
2932:
2743:
1887:
it will help detect or prove non-compliance with a law by a specified subject. The judicial officer, if they agree, will then issue a legal instrument, typically called a
1793:
1104:
agency and has the legal power to enforce the laws enacted by any
Australian state, but will generally only enforce state law if there is a federal aspect to investigate.
2883:
1655:
1313:
2996:
1771:
Typically, a LEA is established and constituted by the governing body it is supporting, and the personnel making up the LEA are from the governing body's subjects.
618:
LEA jurisdictions for a country and its divisions can typically be at more than one level. The United States has five basic tiers of law enforcement jurisdiction:
87:
1462:, but usually only in contexts where they need to be distinguished from military police. However, they may still possess a military-like structure and protocol.
1151:
cases, regardless of whether it involves the crossing of state lines. Some countries provide law enforcement on land and in buildings owned or controlled by the
1156:
1636:, etc. The Canadian National Police Service and Canadian Pacific Kansas City Police Service operate in both countries while the others operate only in the US.
1059:, have a relatively unified approach to law enforcement, but still have operationally separate units for federal law enforcement and divisional policing. The
2030:
1922:
Allow and assist the illicit movement of licit and illicit substances and wares, sometimes partially substituted with benign materials, often referred to as
1064:
619:
2848:
1629:
693:
In some countries, national or federal police may be involved in direct policing as well, though what they focus on and what their duties are may vary. In
3362:
2989:
1494:
1026:
1883:
These powers are not available to subjects other than LEAs within the LEA's jurisdiction and are typically subject to judicial and civil overview.
3369:
1747:
1718:, because their primary responsibility is for social order within their jurisdiction and the relevant social order being highly codified as laws.
754:
729:, the Federal Police performs various police duties across the country and does investigate crimes, while the National Public Security Force is a
580:
321:
218:
164:
49:
2430:
1079:
American federal law enforcement agents working together. Each federal LEA in the U.S. has a different focus and jurisdiction; for example, the
3405:
3395:
1736:
631:
1321:
871:
will typically operate in only one country, or one division of a country, but is made up of personnel from several countries, such as the
3342:
2025:
2020:
1784:
1601:
1113:
2460:
1797:
1760:
1756:
1727:
265:
3410:
3244:
2042:
933:
416:
398:
339:
284:
182:
121:
63:
2638:
237:
1582:
agencies, which provide services and facilities to allow subjects to comply with relevant laws as their primary responsibilities.
3023:
2820:
2483:
2014:
2004:
1625:
683:
2377:
1876:
arrest and detain subjects, depriving them of their liberty, but not incarcerate subjects, for alleged non-compliance with a law
2514:
2381:
2163:
1752:
1633:
1309:
1139:
1040:
1022:
810:
702:
667:
600:
2940:
2887:
515:
Jurisdictions are traditionally restricted to a geographic area and territory. LEA might be able to apply its powers within a
244:
3400:
1182:
710:
222:
1948:
to typically collect information about and evidence of non-compliance with a law and identify other non-complying subjects.
1142:
facility. The FBI Police is responsible for protecting, and has jurisdiction over, facilities owned and operated by the FBI.
86:
deal primarily with countries with federal governments, particularly
Australia and the United States and do not represent a
2345:
1481:
criminal acts. A county prosecutor or district attorney is considered to be the chief law enforcement officer of a county.
2714:
1842:
1833:
1776:
1370:
1109:
992:
750:
466:
2349:
2316:
1965:
search and rescue, drug search, explosives search, chase and arrest, etc. This type of exemption is not unique to LEAs.
929:
584:
544:
251:
2634:
2281:
1821:
1380:
Military organizations often have law enforcement units. These units within armed forces are generally referred to as
936:
887:
When a LEA's jurisdiction is for the whole country, it is usually one of two broad types, either federal or national.
380:
313:
99:
55:
2111:
1108:
typically happens when the division does not have its own independent status and is dependent on the federation. The
1308:
LEAs can be responsible for the enforcement of laws affecting the behavior of people or the general community (e.g.
3326:
2710:
2690:
2237:
2037:
1056:
734:
560:
548:
233:
2159:
1332:
3352:
3301:
3096:
2855:
2666:
2589:
2565:
2541:
2192:
2115:
2091:
1764:
1400:
1336:
1030:
972:
655:
608:
532:
155:
3390:
3171:
2859:
1430:
1281:
1052:
1002:
982:
962:
899:
718:
714:
698:
520:
376:
103:
713:—but the Highway Police, Railroad Police, and Penal Police are restricted to specific area jurisdictions (the
1620:
In Canada and the United States, many railroad companies have private railroad police. Examples include the
3269:
2912:
2410:
1953:
1416:
706:
528:
450:
211:
2971:
895:
745:
3197:
2739:
2487:
2470:
2406:
1621:
1012:
726:
627:
3347:
1817:
1527:
1473:
is often used in the United States to refer to police agencies, however, it also includes agencies with
1117:
687:
663:
508:
LEAs which have their ability to apply their powers restricted in some way are said to operate within a
1363:
3259:
3111:
3076:
2534:
2437:
1645:
1609:
1423:
1186:
730:
639:
635:
258:
3066:
2139:
1412:
1367:
1232:
1175:
802:
766:
671:
588:
497:
368:
3276:
1178:
2908:
1063:
has a highly fractured approach to law enforcement agencies generally, and this is reflected in
2967:
2834:
1422:
a section of the military solely responsible for policing the civilian population (such as the
3136:
2067:
1911:
Create and operate false identities and personalities and organisations, often referred to as
1907:
To deceive a subject and carry out its activities, a LEA may be lawfully allowed to secretly:
1112:(RCMP) is one such federal agency that also acts as the sole police agency for Canada's three
722:
592:
438:
150:
2806:
2792:
3141:
3101:
3046:
2009:
1808:
may directly establish and constitute a LEA on behalf of the country, as occurred under the
1663:
805:
has been divided into 12 Basic
Command Units, each consisting of two, three, or four of the
675:
17:
2686:
1489:
3357:
3291:
3264:
3156:
3131:
3126:
3056:
2324:
1707:
1382:
806:
651:
564:
516:
474:
458:
442:
2233:
863:
has jurisdiction and or operates in multiple countries and across state borders, such as
1864:
intrusively search for information and evidence related to the non-compliance with a law
1131:
3306:
3296:
3286:
3176:
3161:
3121:
3091:
3071:
3061:
3041:
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2047:
1888:
1805:
1801:
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1340:
1317:
1084:
798:
758:
647:
643:
604:
572:
489:
2385:
1171:
816:
3384:
3222:
3217:
3151:
3116:
3081:
3051:
1683:
1659:
1612:, and presently still exists to protect locations on the request of private clients.
1605:
1474:
1289:
1060:
1034:
951:
925:
786:
556:
493:
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2087:
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officers with their police cars. Japanese police are managed and coordinated by the
3212:
3181:
3166:
2052:
1849:
1695:
1408:
1395:
1264:
913:
848:
509:
478:
457:, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific
446:
2561:
2464:
1919:, e.g. the Australian Federal Police by virtue of Part 1AC of the Crimes Act 1914.
1804:
is already providing an administrative support capability within the country, the
3321:
3316:
3254:
3234:
3146:
3106:
3086:
2585:
2353:
1990:
1845:
1838:
1451:
1248:
1240:
1216:
924:
national infrastructure, national security, and the protection of the country's
762:
200:
1873:
direct subjects to provide information related to the non-compliance with a law
1469:
when used formally includes agencies other than only police agencies. The term
3281:
3229:
2662:
1996:
1986:
1813:
1679:
1651:
1374:
1293:
1285:
1198:
1152:
1148:
1135:
910:
903:
623:
2768:
3239:
3207:
2292:
2257:
1970:
1966:
1498:
1478:
1252:
1224:
976:
966:
678:, and leave municipalities to municipal police departments; and the rest of
612:
462:
2188:
1891:, to the LEA, which must be presented to the relevant subject if possible.
453:
and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the
1714:
has not occurred, and are generally considered police agencies, typically
591:. If, hypothetically, a Postal Inspection Service investigation uncovered
2936:
2535:"ACT Policing – Media Release – Joint Drug Operation a Success"
2320:
1976:
1940:
Intrusively observe, listen to, and track subjects, often referred to as
1929:
Listen to and copy communications between subjects, often referred to as
1711:
1699:
1391:
1244:
864:
679:
2718:
2167:
2112:"Australian Federal Police Case Categorisation and Prioritisation Model"
583:
primarily investigates crimes affecting or misusing the services of the
3311:
3249:
3202:
2057:
1796:
which has a
Participating Police Force working in conjunction with the
1691:
1667:
1575:
1506:
1429:
the preventative police, with military status, of a state (such as the
1297:
1121:
1088:
1006:
853:
828:
659:
568:
552:
536:
160:
Unusual formatting, repetition and overuse of terms like "for example".
2628:"Borough Support Management Information Main Report – March 2007"
1944:, e.g. Australian LEAs by virtue of the Surveillance Devices Act 2004.
697:, there are five federal police forces with national jurisdiction—the
3033:
2511:"Federal Bureau of Investigation About Us Frequently Asked Questions"
2062:
1926:, e.g. Australia's LEAs by virtue of Part 1AB of the Crimes Act 1914.
1780:
1755:
vehicle. The Camden County Police
Department was formed in 2013 as a
1687:
1502:
1347:
1228:
1092:
1016:
996:
986:
694:
540:
524:
501:
470:
454:
2213:"Information Rights Unit - A list of MPS BCUs (Basic Command Units)"
1159:
is responsible for some aspects of federal property law enforcement
2769:"United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET)"
2747:
1458:
Non-military law enforcement agencies are sometimes referred to as
1312:), the behavior of commercial organizations and corporations (e.g.
1201:
country. National LEAs are usually divided into operational areas.
1837:
1746:
1488:
1362:
1331:
1236:
1220:
1170:
1130:
1125:
1074:
1044:
894:
847:
832:
815:
744:
488:
2510:
2135:
670:
has jurisdiction over Cook County, for the most part they patrol
2484:"United States Code Title 40 Subtitle I Chapter 13 Section 1315"
2261:
1703:
1650:
Many LEAs are also involved in the monitoring or application of
916:, an LEA responsible for the entire country is referred to as a
2985:
1350:
agencies that have a broad range powers and responsibilities.
1579:
351:
296:
194:
133:
70:
29:
2974:(warning: graphic depiction of murder and other violence), a
2821:"US Government Printing Office - FDsys - Browse Publications"
543:), within a division of an administrative division (e.g. the
27:
Government agency responsible for the enforcement of the laws
1861:
collect information about subjects in the LEA's jurisdiction
928:
and of other designated very important persons, such as the
2436:. Government of Yukon Department of Justice. Archived from
2586:"Referring Matters to the AFP – Information Required"
1710:, exist where full separation of government and religious
1163:
are sworn in as special members of the host jurisdiction.
958:
Examples of federal law enforcement agencies include the:
1733:
New South Wales Independent Commission Against Corruption
1810:
United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
1779:(RCMP) is a federal agency and is contracted by most of
1411:
responsible for policing in the armed forces and in the
1316:), or for the interests of the country as a whole (e.g.
844:
International and multinational law enforcement agencies
757:
Police Station. The LAPD operates approximately 21 such
559:), or across a collection of states typically within an
2289:
European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina
2160:"Federal Bureau of Investigation Your Local FBI Office"
873:
European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina
95:
1071:
Relationship between federal and federated divisions
3190:
3032:
1081:
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
597:
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
473:to allow them to perform their duties, such as the
225:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2884:"Controlled Operations Inspections Report 2005-06"
2744:Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands
2088:"Australian Federal Police Investigation Services"
1794:Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands
2346:"United States Secret Service Protective Mission"
1852:to conduct arrests and quell violence and unrest.
1656:Australian Commercial Television Code of Practice
1185:, and divided into agencies for their respective
1314:Australian Securities and Investments Commission
1083:(agent in center) investigates crimes involving
852:Non executive powers jurisdictional coverage of
2612:Cole, George F.; Smith, Christopher E. (2004).
316:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
2663:"About the AFP – Feedback and Complaints"
2997:
2849:"Controlled Operations Annual Report 2006-07"
2562:"Airport Security – Joint Airport Teams"
1820:, which helps provide law enforcement during
883:Federal and national law enforcement agencies
611:, for instance, has jurisdiction over all of
84:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
2282:"Establishment of EUPM personnel by country"
1763:, and has jurisdiction over the entirety of
1211:is a national LEA that also has the typical
379:. There might be a discussion about this on
2505:
2503:
2031:List of specialist law enforcement agencies
1867:seize evidence of non-compliance with a law
1630:Canadian Pacific Kansas City Police Service
946:is a federal LEA that also has the typical
603:would not, as even though they investigate
461:, or are organized and overseen by certain
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3004:
2990:
2982:
1848:in 2014. Among the powers of LEAs are the
2607:
2605:
1654:and codes of practice. See, for example,
1437:The exact usage and meaning of the terms
1155:by using a federal LEA; for example, the
1065:American federal law enforcement agencies
449:through the employment and deployment of
417:Learn how and when to remove this message
399:Learn how and when to remove this message
340:Learn how and when to remove this message
285:Learn how and when to remove this message
183:Learn how and when to remove this message
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
2886:. Commonwealth Ombudsman. Archived from
2740:"RAMSI's Program Areas: Law and Justice"
2258:"Annex 11 of the Dayton/Paris Agreement"
2965:Berlin: Metropolis of crime 1918 - 1933
2614:The American System of Criminal Justice
2136:"Metropolitan Police Local Information"
2079:
1870:seize property and assets from subjects
1678:A LEA can be responsible for enforcing
2234:"New York Police Department Precincts"
2372:
2370:
950:responsibilities of social order and
7:
2909:"Australian Federal Police Act 1979"
1394:solely responsible for policing the
1157:U.S. Department of Homeland Security
869:multinational law enforcement agency
861:international law enforcement agency
709:, the Federal Penal Police, and the
686:, are under the jurisdiction of the
223:adding citations to reliable sources
2026:List of secret police organizations
2021:List of protective service agencies
1737:Ontario Special Investigations Unit
1731:of laws by law enforcers, like the
1604:was formed to increase security in
1602:San Francisco Patrol Special Police
1895:Lawful deception and law exemption
1816:from 1999 to 2002; related is the
1726:Often, a LEA will have a specific
1559:education and awareness campaigns
1346:Many law enforcement agencies are
785:. Colloquially, they are known as
765:; this one covers policing in the
662:, but not necessarily the rest of
25:
3013:Types of law enforcement agencies
2933:"Interpol Headquarters Agreement"
2687:"NYPD Frequently Asked Questions"
2043:Specialist law enforcement agency
1969:are also typically exempted from
1322:His Majesty's Revenue and Customs
795:frontline or territorial policing
793:LEA. For example, since 2019 the
45:This article has multiple issues.
2189:"State and Regional AFP Offices"
2015:List of law enforcement agencies
2005:List of anti-corruption agencies
1989:
1626:Canadian National Police Service
1532:dangerous event public logistics
1495:National Bureau of Investigation
500:, the law enforcement agency of
356:
301:
199:
138:
75:
34:
2835:"SURVEILLANCE DEVICES ACT 2004"
2515:Federal Bureau of Investigation
2407:"Australian Federal Police Act"
2382:Federal Bureau of Investigation
2164:Federal Bureau of Investigation
1931:telecommunications interception
1753:Camden County Police Department
1634:Union Pacific Police Department
1562:victim prevention and avoidance
1497:(NBI) headquarters building in
1310:New York City Police Department
1195:national law enforcement agency
1140:Federal Bureau of Investigation
1041:Central Bureau of Investigation
1023:Federal Bureau of Investigation
811:New York City Police Department
601:Drug Enforcement Administration
210:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
1743:Establishment and constitution
1556:disaster victim identification
1455:vary from country to country.
1284:found in nations organized as
1259:State law enforcement agencies
918:federal law enforcement agency
821:English law enforcement agency
813:is divided into 77 precincts.
711:National Public Security Force
465:. They typically have various
1:
3406:Port law enforcement agencies
3396:Law enforcement organizations
3245:Criminal investigation agency
2715:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
2616:. Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
2431:"Policing in the Territories"
1843:Albuquerque Police Department
1834:Law enforcement agency powers
1800:. In circumstances where the
1777:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
1110:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
993:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
751:Los Angeles Police Department
2350:United States Secret Service
1798:Solomon Islands Police Force
1465:In most countries, the term
668:Cook County Sheriff's Office
585:United States Postal Service
545:Miami-Dade Police Department
18:Law enforcement organization
2635:Metropolitan Police Service
2317:"Interpol member countries"
1822:United Nations peacekeeping
1212:
947:
937:Diplomatic Security Service
599:would be involved, but the
158:. The specific problem is:
98:, discuss the issue on the
3427:
2711:"Organization of the RCMP"
2691:New York Police Department
2468:
2238:New York Police Department
2038:Outline of law enforcement
1960:Other exemptions from laws
1831:
1643:
1589:
1407:a separate section of the
1280:are a type of subnational
1262:
1027:Federal Protective Service
561:international organization
3335:
3302:Protective security units
3019:
2856:Australian Federal Police
2667:Australian Federal Police
2590:Australian Federal Police
2566:Australian Federal Police
2542:Australian Federal Police
2378:"Internal Investigations"
2193:Australian Federal Police
2116:Australian Federal Police
2092:Australian Federal Police
1879:lawfully deceive subjects
1828:Powers and law exemptions
1765:Camden County, New Jersey
1540:general search and rescue
1523:public incident mediation
1477:status or agencies which
1431:Brazilian Military Police
1337:Chicago Police Department
1031:United States Park Police
973:Australian Federal Police
725:respectively) and do not
656:Chicago Police Department
609:Australian Federal Police
581:Postal Inspection Service
533:Ontario Provincial Police
3411:Law enforcement agencies
2017:grouped by sub category
1788:same geographical area.
1761:Camden Police Department
1282:territorial police force
983:Federal Police of Brazil
963:Argentine Federal Police
934:U.S. Department of State
715:Brazilian Highway System
699:Federal Police of Brazil
451:law enforcement officers
234:"Law enforcement agency"
2913:Parliament of Australia
2411:Parliament of Australia
1954:Parliament of Australia
1553:services and facilities
909:When the country has a
707:Federal Railroad Police
529:administrative division
3358:Law enforcement agency
3198:Anti-corruption agency
2488:United States Congress
2471:Federal Kidnapping Act
1853:
1768:
1622:BNSF Police Department
1509:
1471:law enforcement agency
1467:law enforcement agency
1377:
1343:
1209:national police agency
1190:
1183:National Police Agency
1143:
1096:
1013:Mexican Federal Police
906:
856:
824:
770:
703:Federal Highway Police
658:has jurisdiction over
505:
496:, headquarters of the
431:law enforcement agency
3401:Law enforcement units
1924:controlled operations
1841:
1818:United Nations Police
1750:
1528:anti-social behaviour
1492:
1386:. This may refer to:
1366:
1335:
1174:
1134:
1118:Northwest Territories
1078:
944:federal police agency
898:
851:
823:territorial divisions
819:
748:
688:Illinois State Police
492:
3260:Intelligence officer
3077:Conservation officer
1942:technical operations
1812:, which operated in
1646:Regulatory authority
1610:California gold rush
1424:Romanian Gendarmerie
1417:Żandarmeria Wojskowa
1373:officers with their
1371:Military Gendarmerie
902:officers with their
749:The exterior of the
731:rapid reaction force
636:special jurisdiction
523:for the entirety of
369:confusing or unclear
219:improve this article
165:improve this article
154:to meet Knowledge's
104:create a new article
96:improve this article
3370:Intelligence agency
3067:Cathedral constable
2890:on December 4, 2008
2140:Metropolitan Police
1971:access restrictions
1413:ministry of defence
930:U.S. Secret Service
803:Metropolitan Police
767:San Fernando Valley
733:deployed to assist
672:unincorporated area
589:mail and wire fraud
498:Metropolitan Police
377:clarify the article
3277:Neighborhood watch
3172:Territorial police
2388:on January 9, 2008
1917:assumed identities
1854:
1769:
1510:
1378:
1344:
1191:
1179:Prefectural Police
1144:
1097:
907:
857:
825:
771:
727:investigate crimes
506:
445:within a specific
320:You can assist by
3378:
3377:
3137:Regimental police
2807:"CRIMES ACT 1914"
2793:"CRIMES ACT 1914"
2750:on August 2, 2007
2068:Police foundation
1967:Sight assist dogs
1902:covert operations
1390:a section of the
1274:provincial police
741:Operational areas
735:state authorities
593:tobacco smuggling
549:Miami-Dade County
439:government agency
427:
426:
419:
409:
408:
401:
350:
349:
342:
295:
294:
287:
269:
193:
192:
185:
156:quality standards
147:This article may
132:
131:
124:
106:, as appropriate.
68:
16:(Redirected from
3418:
3142:Religious police
3102:Municipal police
3047:Auxiliary police
3006:
2999:
2992:
2983:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2939:. Archived from
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2864:
2858:. Archived from
2853:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2746:. Archived from
2736:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:on June 11, 2007
2717:. Archived from
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2643:
2637:. Archived from
2632:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2609:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2539:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2480:
2474:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2442:
2435:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2384:. Archived from
2374:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2352:. Archived from
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2323:. Archived from
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2297:
2291:. Archived from
2286:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2166:. Archived from
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2084:
2010:Code enforcement
1999:
1994:
1993:
1722:Internal affairs
1716:religious police
1664:code enforcement
1398:(referred to as
755:West Valley Area
682:, primarily its
676:Cook County Jail
441:responsible for
422:
415:
404:
397:
393:
390:
384:
360:
359:
352:
345:
338:
334:
331:
325:
305:
304:
297:
290:
283:
279:
276:
270:
268:
227:
203:
195:
188:
181:
177:
174:
168:
142:
141:
134:
127:
120:
116:
113:
107:
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3391:Law enforcement
3381:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3331:
3292:Posse comitatus
3265:Law enforcement
3250:Customs service
3186:
3157:Security police
3132:Regional police
3127:Railroad police
3112:Police tactical
3097:Military police
3057:Cantonal police
3028:
3015:
3010:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2946:
2944:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2917:
2915:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2893:
2891:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2753:
2751:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2724:
2722:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2695:
2693:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2671:
2669:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2611:
2610:
2603:
2594:
2592:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2568:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2546:
2544:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2519:
2517:
2509:
2508:
2501:
2492:
2490:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2459:
2455:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2415:
2413:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2391:
2389:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2359:
2357:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2330:
2328:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2266:
2264:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2242:
2240:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2218:
2216:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2197:
2195:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2173:
2171:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2144:
2142:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2120:
2118:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2096:
2094:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2076:
1995:
1988:
1985:
1962:
1897:
1836:
1830:
1745:
1724:
1708:Guidance Patrol
1676:
1648:
1642:
1618:
1616:Railroad police
1594:
1588:
1487:
1460:civilian police
1447:security forces
1439:military police
1383:military police
1361:
1330:
1306:
1288:, typically in
1278:regional police
1267:
1261:
1169:
1138:cars outside a
1073:
893:
885:
846:
807:London boroughs
761:divided across
743:
565:political union
521:National Police
487:
475:power of arrest
459:legal violation
443:law enforcement
423:
412:
411:
410:
405:
394:
388:
385:
374:
361:
357:
346:
335:
329:
326:
319:
306:
302:
291:
280:
274:
271:
228:
226:
216:
204:
189:
178:
172:
169:
162:
143:
139:
128:
117:
111:
108:
93:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3424:
3422:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3383:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3307:Security guard
3304:
3299:
3297:Prison officer
3294:
3289:
3287:Police officer
3284:
3279:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3177:Transit police
3174:
3169:
3164:
3162:Special police
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3122:Private police
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3092:Highway patrol
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3072:Company police
3069:
3064:
3062:Capitol police
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Airport police
3038:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2976:Deutsche Welle
2960:
2959:External links
2957:
2954:
2953:
2924:
2900:
2875:
2840:
2826:
2812:
2798:
2784:
2773:United Nations
2760:
2731:
2702:
2678:
2654:
2619:
2601:
2577:
2553:
2526:
2499:
2475:
2461:18 U.S.C.
2453:
2422:
2398:
2366:
2337:
2308:
2273:
2249:
2225:
2204:
2180:
2151:
2127:
2103:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2048:Traffic police
2045:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2012:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1984:
1981:
1961:
1958:
1946:
1945:
1938:
1927:
1920:
1915:operations or
1896:
1893:
1889:search warrant
1881:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1832:Main article:
1829:
1826:
1806:United Nations
1802:United Nations
1744:
1741:
1723:
1720:
1675:
1672:
1644:Main article:
1641:
1638:
1617:
1614:
1597:Private police
1592:Private police
1590:Main article:
1587:
1584:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:law compliance
1563:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1537:public safety
1535:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1486:
1483:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1405:
1360:
1357:
1329:
1326:
1318:United Kingdom
1305:
1302:
1263:Main article:
1260:
1257:
1168:
1165:
1072:
1069:
1049:
1048:
1038:
1020:
1010:
1000:
990:
980:
970:
892:
889:
884:
881:
845:
842:
837:constabularies
835:, LEAs called
799:United Kingdom
742:
739:
684:state highways
605:drug smuggling
573:European Union
486:
483:
425:
424:
407:
406:
364:
362:
355:
348:
347:
309:
307:
300:
293:
292:
207:
205:
198:
191:
190:
146:
144:
137:
130:
129:
90:of the subject
88:worldwide view
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3423:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3223:Bail bondsman
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:Bounty hunter
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3152:Secret police
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3117:Postal police
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3082:County police
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3052:Campus police
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3007:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2943:on 2001-12-11
2942:
2938:
2934:
2928:
2925:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2901:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2865:on 2009-05-19
2861:
2857:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2644:on 2008-02-28
2640:
2636:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2615:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2554:
2543:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2454:
2443:on 2008-02-28
2439:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2356:on 2002-08-06
2355:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2327:on 2012-08-02
2326:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2298:on 2006-05-12
2294:
2290:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2263:
2259:
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3182:Water police
3167:State police
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479:use of force
471:legal rights
447:jurisdiction
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366:
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312:may require
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3348:Coast guard
3322:Vigilantism
3317:Thief-taker
3255:Gendarmerie
3235:Coast guard
3147:Riot police
3107:Park police
3087:Fire police
2465:§ 1201
2215:. June 2019
1935:wiretapping
1814:Timor-Leste
1757:reformation
1652:regulations
1608:during the
1452:gendarmerie
1286:federations
1249:Philippines
1241:Netherlands
1217:New Zealand
1187:prefectures
1114:territories
763:Los Angeles
664:Cook County
463:authorities
167:if you can.
3385:Categories
3339:Templates:
3282:Parapolice
3230:City guard
2947:2008-02-01
2918:2008-02-05
2894:2008-02-05
2869:2008-02-04
2778:2008-01-31
2754:2008-02-05
2725:2008-02-05
2696:2008-02-12
2672:2008-02-12
2648:2008-02-12
2595:2008-02-05
2571:2008-02-05
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2493:2008-02-05
2469:See also:
2447:2008-02-05
2416:2008-02-05
2392:2008-02-12
2360:2008-02-05
2331:2008-02-07
2302:2008-02-07
2267:2008-02-07
2243:2008-02-04
2219:2021-06-24
2198:2008-02-05
2174:2008-02-04
2145:2008-02-04
2121:2008-02-01
2097:2008-02-01
2074:References
1997:law portal
1913:undercover
1824:missions.
1640:Regulatory
1550:regulation
1294:South Asia
1153:federation
1149:kidnapping
1136:FBI Police
904:police car
587:, such as
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519:(e.g. the
371:to readers
322:editing it
275:March 2024
245:newspapers
173:March 2024
50:improve it
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3208:Bodyguard
1785:provinces
1674:Religious
1517:policing
1499:Tikkurila
1479:prosecute
1341:horseback
1253:Nicaragua
1225:Indonesia
1199:federated
977:Australia
967:Argentina
613:Australia
504:, England
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100:talk page
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3327:Watchman
2937:Interpol
2321:Interpol
1983:See also
1977:Interpol
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779:division
759:stations
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652:railroad
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477:and the
389:May 2024
330:May 2024
149:require
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3312:Sheriff
3270:Officer
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1759:of the
1735:or the
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1682:law or
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1576:customs
1507:Finland
1443:provost
1375:vehicle
1298:Oceania
1233:Ireland
1122:Nunavut
1089:tobacco
1085:alcohol
1057:Belgium
1053:Austria
1007:Germany
932:or the
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660:Chicago
648:transit
644:airport
620:federal
569:Europol
553:Florida
537:Ontario
367:may be
259:scholar
151:cleanup
3034:Police
2972:Part 2
2968:Part 1
2463:
2063:Police
1781:Canada
1688:Sharia
1662:, and
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1485:Other
1304:Types
1276:, or
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1126:Yukon
1045:India
833:Wales
787:beats
781:, or
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