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268:. The subterranean part, which can weigh several kilograms, consists of white stems covered with fleshy scales. The flowers are 40 to 50 mm, with long pedicels; they appear near to the ground in April−May. The normal colour of the flowers is purple or purplish-violet, but rarely colonies with paler, pink or even wholly white flowers may be encountered.
282:
Mature fruits can project their 4 to 5 large seeds some distance into the surrounding area. The plant then disappears from the surface until the following spring. Seedlings grown from seed will take about ten years to produce their first flowers. The total absence of green indicates the parasitic
283:
nature of the species which, free of chlorophyll, attaches to the roots of the host to harvest the nutrients necessary for its growth. Given that it flowers and produces fruits during the rise of the sap in the spring, the hosts appear to suffer very little from this parasitism.
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Populations found far from the Franco-Iberian continuous area suggests that they may originally be the result of deliberate or accidental introductions of parasitised trees. The plant can be found elsewhere in France
343:, in the absence of well-known hosts, it grows on the roots of a variety of ornamental trees and shrubs; in the same garden cats are frequently seen to roll in the flowers and to eat them.
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grows preferentially in damp woodlands of valley bottoms, usually near streams where it parasitizes the roots of various plants: especially the deciduous trees
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Purple toothwort grows mainly in the West and South of Europe, especially
Western and Central France, from Western Belgium, where it is locally abundant in the
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339:), the Netherlands, Italy, Germany and the British Isles, where the plant is locally naturalized in parks and old gardens. At Arduaine Garden in
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Nouvelle flore de la
Belgique, du G.-D. de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (Ptéridophytes et Spermatophytes)
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295:, as far as Northern Spain, with localised populations in Central Italy. In France, it is found almost exclusively southwest of the
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is a holoparasite that has neither leaves nor chlorophyll and draws its food from the roots of its hosts via suckers known as
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366:(poplars and willows). Purple toothwort also has been recorded as parasitising a wide range of other plants, including:
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315:. It is protected in some departments, but is relatively common in the wetlands of the department of
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La
Clandestine ou Lathraea clandestina, une fleur remarquable de nos campagnes...
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Pauwels I (1999) La clandestine, un parasite superbe – Le crocus en concurrence?
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river to the
Pyrenees, with an extension north of the Loire to the south-east of
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583:(6th Ed.), Meise, Jardin botanique national de Belgique, 1195 pp. (
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where it is not protected. In Spain, it occurs mainly in the
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612:National Center for Biotechnology Information
8:
662:
31:
20:
558:
539:"Biological flora of the British Isles:
537:Atkinson A, M.D.; Atkinson, E. (2020).
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7:
847:23e0133d-d92c-4c00-9706-1aa489be554d
630:La lathrée clandestine en Belgique
253:. It is native to western Europe.
14:
922:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:662042-1
649:
637:
509:Maurice Wilkins, Head Gardener,
49:
1:
455:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
997:
579:Lambinon J. et al. (2012)
453:Plants of the World Online
621:Pierre-Olivier Templier,
450:"Lathraea clandestina L."
198:
191:
173:
166:
46:Scientific classification
44:
39:
30:
23:
208:Clandestina penduliflora
560:10.1111/1365-2745.13473
303:and the departments of
201:Clandestina clandestina
279:
325:Cantabrian Cordillera
274:
706:Lathraea clandestina
676:Lathraea clandestina
656:Lathraea clandestina
646:at Wikimedia Commons
644:Lathraea clandestina
605:Lathraea clandestina
541:Lathraea clandestina
524:Lathraea clandestina
491:Lathraea clandestina
476:Lathraea clandestina
352:Lathraea clandestina
331:, where it is rare.
277:Lathraea clandestina
262:Lathraea clandestina
228:Lathraea clandestina
215:Clandestina purpurea
177:Lathraea clandestina
40:Close-up of flowers
25:Lathraea clandestina
159:L. clandestina
576:, 10 : 68–69.
574:Les Jardins d’Eden
547:Journal of Ecology
497:2015-09-24 at the
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958:
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881:Open Tree of Life
668:Taxon identifiers
642:Media related to
589:978-90-72619-88-4
321:Charente-Maritime
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981:Parasitic plants
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293:Flemish Ardennes
241:in France, is a
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327:: extending to
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247:flowering plant
245:species in the
243:parasitic plant
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235:also known as
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553:: 2145–2168.
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168:Binomial name
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135:Orobanchaceae
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457:. Retrieved
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287:Distribution
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909:kew-2497818
780:iNaturalist
700:Wikispecies
511:pers. comm.
405:Metasequoia
257:Description
238:clandestine
89:Angiosperms
965:Categories
904:Plant List
633:(in Dutch)
436:References
204:(L.) Huth
426:and even
275:Fruit of
266:haustoria
153:Species:
59:Kingdom:
935:50218232
930:Tropicos
798:662042-1
691:Q2248907
685:Wikidata
495:Archived
387:Carpinus
317:Charente
301:Brittany
193:Synonyms
146:Lathraea
131:Family:
125:Lamiales
115:Asterids
102:Eudicots
759:3738544
459:21 June
429:Gunnera
411:Quercus
399:Juglans
393:Corylus
357:Populus
347:Habitat
329:Galicia
305:Mayenne
249:family
141:Genus:
121:Order:
63:Plantae
886:178174
844:NZOR:
811:115141
772:417528
746:183602
614:(NCBI)
587:
489:GRIN.
341:Argyll
337:Alsace
313:Sarthe
231:, the
186:(1753)
893:PFI:
855:NZPCN
837:41911
785:60082
741:EUNIS
733:LATCL
720:6P399
474:IPNI
423:Taxus
381:Buxus
375:Alnus
363:Salix
297:Loire
211:Lam.
109:Clade
96:Clade
83:Clade
70:Clade
917:POWO
896:5021
873:6952
860:4689
832:NCBI
793:IPNI
767:GRIN
754:GBIF
728:EPPO
625:(Fr)
585:ISBN
461:2024
369:Acer
360:and
319:and
311:and
309:Orne
218:Hill
943:WFO
819:NBN
806:ISC
715:CoL
555:doi
551:108
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526:L.
478:L.
432:.
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307:,
184:L.
111::
98::
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335:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
