394:, flushing potential prey from narrow crannies in a reef the same way some moray eels do. Sea kraits are capable of diving up to 80 m deep in a single hunting trip. They also have a very large hunting range, with at least 615 and perhaps up to 1660 km2 surface area for the Blue-lipped sea krait; 1380 and potentially up to 4500 km2 for the New Caledonian sea krait. They have a remarkable ability to climb up vertical rocks of their coastal limestone habitats.
64:
42:
382:"), children play with them. Bites are rare, but must be treated immediately. Bites are more likely to occur under low light conditions (night), and when the snake is roughly handled (e.g. grabbed "hard") while in the water, or having been abruptly taken from the water. When these snakes are on land, bites are extremely rare.
674:
Pyron, R. Alexander; Burbrink, Frank T.; Colli, Guarino R.; de Oca, Adrian Nieto Montes; Vitt, Laurie J.; Kuczynski, Caitlin A.; Wiens, John J. (2011-02-01). "The phylogeny of advanced snakes (Colubroidea), with discovery of a new subfamily and comparison of support methods for likelihood trees".
413:
around the female, twitching their bodies in what is termed "caudocephalic waves". Though these animals can occur in high densities in suitable locations, nests of eggs are very rarely encountered, suggesting specific nesting conditions need to be met.
298:
intermediate between those of sea snakes and terrestrial elapids. They have a vertically flattened and paddle-shaped tail (similar to sea snakes) and laterally positioned nostrils and broad, laterally expanded
935:
801:
Brischoux, François; Kato, Akiko; Ropert-Coudert, Yan; Shine, Richard (2010-10-30). "Swimming speed variation in amphibious seasnakes (Laticaudinae): A search for underlying mechanisms".
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species are found throughout the South and
Southeast Asian islands spreading from India in the west, north as far as Japan, and southeast to Fiji. They occasionally wander south to the
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species are often active at night, which is when they prefer to hunt. Though they possess highly toxic venom, these snakes are usually shy and reclusive, and in
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being the most common example in New
Zealand), however no known locally breeding populations are known to exist in these areas. Sea kraits typically live in the
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scales (similar to terrestrial elapids). Their body has a striped pattern, nasal scales are separated by inter-nasals scales, and the
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Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austriacorum
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of coastal waters and are semi-terrestrial, spending time ashore and in shallow waters, as well as around coral reefs.
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typical of terrestrial snakes for moving on land, but also have paddle-shaped tails for swimming. Unlike fully aquatic
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n.sp. from
Vanuato and New Caledonia (Serpentes: Elapidae: Laticaudinae) – a new lineage of sea kraits?"
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1187:(2006). "A new revision of the sea kraits of family Laticaudidae Cope, 1879 (Serpentes: Colubroidea)".
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754:; Shetty, S. (2001-03-01). "Moving in two worlds: aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in sea snakes (
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into aquatic habitats within the
Hydrophiinae snakes. Sea kraits are also often confused with
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720:"Molecular phylogeny of elapid snakes and a consideration of their biogeographic history"
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in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than
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Shine, Richard; Shetty, Sohan (2002). "Activity
Patterns of Yellow-Lipped Sea Kraits (
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and must come to land to digest prey and lay eggs. They also have independent
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1057:"Foraging ecology of sea kraits Laticauda spp. in the Neo-Caledonian Lagoon"
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origins into aquatic habitats, with sea kraits diverging earlier from other
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859:"Records of sea-kraits (Serpentes: Laticaudidae: Laticauda) in New Zealand"
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1207:. Tropical Research and Conservation Centre. 8 March 2011. Archived from
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Notes du Centre d'Études
Biologiques de Chizé (UPR1934 CNRS) (CNRS DR15)
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409:, and they return to land to mate and lay eggs. Several males form a
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1239:. Vienna: "Joan. Thom. Nob. de Trattnern". 214 pp. + Plates I-V. (
1055:
Brischoux, François; Bonnet, Xavier; Shine, Richard (2007-11-22).
642:. Chatswood, New South Wales: New Holland Publishers. p. 564.
216:
125:
973:"Black-banded sea krait photo - Laticauda semifasciata - G78940"
614:
546:
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1159:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp.
1108:
complex (Serpentes: Elapidae: Hydrophiinae: Laticaudini)".
386:, numbering in the hundreds, form hunting alliances with
422:
Eight species are currently recognised as being valid.
307:
extends forwards beyond the palatine bone. Members of
256:. Thus, sea kraits and sea snakes are an example of
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1104:(2005). "Geographic variation in sea kraits of the
907:
803:Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
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846:
844:
914:. London & New York: Dorling Kindersley.
906:Wilson, Don E.; Burnie, David, eds. (2005) .
663:. Sydney, NSW: Reed New Holland. p. 722.
8:
1259:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAe69AlIvR4
311:can grow to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) long.
1264:
40:
31:
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735:
724:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
640:A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia
351:species feed in the ocean, mostly eating
1592:Taxa named by Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti
638:Wilson, Stephen K.; Swan, Gerry (2013).
617:, occasionally with heavy infestations.
1257:Sea krait slithering on coastal rocks.
998:"BBC Earth - Programmes - Planet Earth"
625:
677:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
1410:9dae3265-f09f-47ba-b9e2-1e422c1e8f8d
661:Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia
651:
649:
633:
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1024:"The Evolution of Marine Reptiles"
25:
1157:The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles
1134:Records of the Australian Museum
1124:Cogger HG, Heatwole HF (2006). "
938:La Lettre de la Délégation n°202
772:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2001.00265.x
62:
1243:, new genus, p. 109). (in
1022:Motani, Ryosuke (19 May 2009).
760:Journal of Evolutionary Biology
1189:Russian Journal of Herpetology
1061:Marine Ecology Progress Series
864:Records of the Auckland Museum
718:Keogh, J. Scott (1998-02-01).
613:Sea snakes can have parasitic
583:have been placed in the genus
1:
950:. 2016-03-29. Archived from
1155:; Grayson, Michael (2011).
815:10.1016/j.jembe.2010.08.001
689:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.11.006
520:Cogger & Heatwole, 2006
241:sea snakes, sea kraits are
223:(subfamily: Laticaudinae),
1608:
324:Eastern coast of Australia
1205:"Sea snake parasites – 1"
1110:Herpetological Monographs
1041:10.1007/s12052-009-0139-y
438:– yellow-lipped sea krait
268:, which are not aquatic.
203:
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181:
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59:Scientific classification
57:
48:
39:
34:
531:Laticauda schistorhyncha
374:, where they are called
831:) on a Fijian Island".
511:– blue-lipped sea krait
384:Black-banded sea kraits
1130:Laticauda saintgironsi
737:10.1006/bijl.1997.0178
570:black-banded sea krait
554:Laticauda semifasciata
516:Laticauda saintgironsi
287:to both land and sea.
233:, and retain the wide
497:Laticauda laticaudata
452:– Crocker's sea snake
184:Laticauda laticaudata
418:Species and taxonomy
258:convergent evolution
1128:(de Vis, 1905) and
1126:Laticauda frontalis
1106:Laticauda colubrina
829:Laticauda colubrina
756:Laticauda colubrina
457:Laticauda frontalis
428:Laticauda colubrina
333:Laticauda colubrina
262:land kraits (genus
51:Laticauda colubrina
758:, Laticaudidae)".
599:binomial authority
443:Laticauda crockeri
1564:
1563:
1536:Open Tree of Life
1418:Open Tree of Life
1270:Taxon identifiers
1169:Laticauda guineai
1165:978-1-4214-0135-5
1073:10.3354/meps07133
921:978-0-7894-7764-4
589:by some authors.
577:L. schistorhyncha
471:Laticauda guineai
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1587:Snake genera
1488:Laticaudinae
1458:Laticaudinae
1457:
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1213:. Retrieved
1209:the original
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1185:Czeblukov VP
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146:Laticaudinae
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18:Laticaudinae
1497:iNaturalist
1482:Wikispecies
1369:iNaturalist
1302:Wikispecies
1233:Laurenti JN
1149:Beolens, Bo
1067:: 145–151.
838:(1): 77-85.
657:Cogger, Hal
411:mating ball
376:tricot rayé
357:conger eels
328:New Zealand
285:adaptations
278:semiaquatic
272:Description
231:semiaquatic
229:. They are
142:Subfamily:
1582:Sea snakes
1571:Categories
1194:: 227-241.
1171:, p. 112).
1139:: 245-256.
1094:Heatwole H
1008:2015-08-18
983:2011-07-30
958:2017-03-23
621:References
378:("striped
280:, so have
213:Sea kraits
150:Cope, 1876
122:Suborder:
35:Sea krait
1577:Laticauda
1473:Q11753180
1335:Laticauda
1322:Laticauda
1308:Laticauda
1278:Laticauda
1241:Laticauda
1215:9 October
1181:Kharin VE
1081:0171-8630
893:Q58629017
877:1174-9202
871:: 39–42.
780:1420-9101
752:Shine, R.
697:1095-9513
609:Parasites
603:Laticauda
594:Nota bene
560:Reinwardt
549:sea krait
526:sea krait
492:sea krait
434:Schneider
407:oviparous
403:Laticauda
368:Laticauda
349:Laticauda
320:Laticauda
309:Laticauda
289:Laticauda
243:oviparous
226:Laticauda
161:Laticauda
126:Serpentes
82:Kingdom:
76:Eukaryota
1467:Wikidata
1287:Wikidata
1235:(1768).
1115:: 1-136.
1102:Cogger H
1098:Busack S
889:Wikidata
885:43264621
857:(2014).
788:82676695
705:21074626
659:(2000).
564:Schlegel
503:Linnaeus
490:Guinea's
476:Heatwole
398:Breeding
363:Behavior
264:Bungarus
199:Species
191:Linnaeus
167:Laurenti
136:Elapidae
132:Family:
116:Squamata
106:Reptilia
96:Chordata
92:Phylum:
86:Animalia
72:Domain:
1515:1057567
1433:4214990
1361:2450145
1293:Q210597
566:, 1837)
543:katuali
539:, 1874)
537:Günther
465:, 1905)
436:, 1799)
380:sweater
301:ventral
292:species
254:elapids
193:, 1758)
156:Genus:
112:Order:
102:Class:
1554:413302
1541:937565
1502:492347
1446:343612
1430:uBio:
1423:109057
1407:NZOR:
1387:174349
1163:
1079:
918:
910:Animal
891:
883:
875:
833:Copeia
786:
778:
703:
695:
486:, 2005
484:Cogger
482:&
480:Busack
463:De Vis
450:, 1934
448:Slevin
296:traits
215:are a
169:, 1768
1549:WoRMS
1528:42169
1441:WoRMS
1374:35236
1245:Latin
881:JSTOR
784:S2CID
615:ticks
353:moray
294:show
217:genus
1523:NCBI
1510:ITIS
1400:8627
1395:NCBI
1382:ITIS
1356:GBIF
1348:5BBV
1217:2017
1161:ISBN
1077:ISSN
916:ISBN
873:ISSN
836:2002
776:ISSN
701:PMID
693:ISSN
597:: A
579:and
547:Niue
507:1758
390:and
355:and
344:Diet
326:and
1343:CoL
1330:AFD
1317:ADW
1167:. (
1069:doi
1065:350
1036:doi
948:202
811:doi
807:394
768:doi
732:doi
685:doi
562:in
545:or
219:of
1573::
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488:–
478:,
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