203:
persuasion. To judge from the wording of his letter, there may have been
Orthodox archbishops and bishops within his diocese at that time. Although the Latin church in the Crusader states always claimed authority over the Orthodox church, it did not always enforce conformity with Latin practices and
124:
to defend the cathedral in exchange for ecclesiastical privileges. In the agreement with the
Templars, the bishop reserved for himself only the church of Maraclea and the churches of Tortosa and its port, with the exception of the castle chapel. In all other churches in the diocese, save those that
187:
reversed
Alexander's decision and united the diocese of Raphanea to Tortosa, allowing the bishop to claim tithes from what lands of the former remained under Crusader control. As a restul of Urban's decision, the Hospitallers reached an agreement whereby they paid 1,500 bezants in arrears and
245:, the only such cathedral shrine in the patriarchate of Antioch. It was the only centre of pilgrimage in the northern Crusader states, and gifts from pilgrims were an important source of revenue. By the 13th century, it had even acquired property at
215:, escaped the sack. He was appointed bishop of Tortosa when that see fell vacant in 1272. This created an awkward situation, since the patriarchal vicar chose to reside in the most important city left in the patriarchate,
133:
to the bishop. This control, however, was limited to rural areas and was probably lesser in fact than it appears in the surviving agreement. The
Templars successfully held out in the citadel against the attacks of
188:
promised 1,000 bezants yearly in lieu of tithes. The bishops of
Tortosa, through successful lawsuits, sound estate management and the Marian shrine, retained solid finances throughout the 13th century.
160:
In 1251, the bishop complained to the pope that the
Hospitallers were not paying tithes on certain properties. The bishop may have been claiming the tithes of properties in the vacant diocese of
650:
129:, the Templars were to exercise parochial rights. From this point on, most of the diocese was effectively controlled by the Templars, staffed by its priests and not paying
655:
168:
exempted the
Hospitallers from paying tithes on those lands. Alexander also ruled on the practice of the bishop of Tortosa of paying his
105:
absolved the bishop of
Tortosa of his oath of obedience to the patriarch of Antioch and ordered him to submit to the archbishop of Tyre,
195:
communities under his charge and make sure that their churches were built according to appropriate Greek plans. In that year, Bishop
578:
236:
50:
250:
609:(1969). "The Templars and the Castle of Tortosa in Syria: An Unknown Document concerning the Acquisition of the Fortress".
192:
90:
227:. Tortosa ceased to be a residential bishopric in 1291. On 3 August, the Templars and Bartholomew evacuated the city.
106:
294:
196:
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in 1127 or 1128 under his direct jurisdiction, which caused a lengthy dispute with the archbishops of Tyre. In 1138,
288:
282:
117:
69:
see of
Tortosa. The diocese was formed by combining three Orthodox sees that had existed in the 10th century:
199:
asked the
Hospitallers to help him enforce the Roman obedience on the Greek churches, evidently those of the
254:
146:
113:
606:
157:. In 1225, the bishop complained to the pope that the Templars had violated the agreement of 1152.
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46:
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By 1267 at the latest, the bishop of Tortosa had appointed vicars to oversee the
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in November 1215, he sent the bishop of Tripoli in his stead. That same year, he
242:
570:
La Syrie du nord à l'époque des croisades et la principauté franque d'Antioche
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82:
70:
599:
The Carmelites and Antiquity: Mendicants and their Pasts in the Middle Ages
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78:
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630:
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42:
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captured Antioch. The archdeacon and patriarchal vicar at the time,
444:
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112:
In 1152, Tortosa was briefly occupied by the troops of Emir
590:
The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church
330:
328:
519:
517:
417:
415:
573:. Études arabes, médiévales et modernes. P. Geuthner.
49:. It had a resident bishop between 1128 and 1291. The
241:
The cathedral was the site of a major shrine to the
97:. The first Latin bishop was appointed by Patriarch
153:an ecclesiastical estate to the Templars for 1,500
176:. He allowed the policy except in the case of the
27:Roman Catholic diocese in Syria (c. 1128-c. 1291)
651:Roman Catholic dioceses in the Crusader states
180:, who was to be given control of his prebend.
81:. Traditionally, these were the northernmost
8:
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93:. Under Crusader rule, it fell within the
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172:salaries while retaining control their
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31:Latin Diocese of Tortosa in Syria
237:Cathedral of Our Lady of Tortosa
219:. This led to conflict with the
623:10.1093/ehr/LXXXIV.CCCXXXI.278
1:
656:Catholic titular sees in Asia
611:The English Historical Review
361:, pp. 47–48 & 108.
253:, the eldest son of Prince
37:diocese established in the
672:
601:. Oxford University Press.
597:Jotischky, Andrew (2002).
588:Hamilton, Bernard (1980).
234:
145:was too ill to attend the
279:anonymous (February 1128)
125:already belonged to the
65:There had not existed a
91:patriarchate of Antioch
18:Latin Diocese of Tartus
257:, was murdered by the
255:Bohemond IV of Antioch
147:Fourth Lateran Council
116:. In response, Bishop
607:Riley-Smith, Jonathan
53:became the site of a
51:cathedral of Tortosa
463:, pp. 359–360.
451:, pp. 285–286.
249:in Italy. In 1213,
127:Knights Hospitaller
87:archdiocese of Tyre
301:Bartholomew Mansel
261:in the cathedral.
213:Bartholomew Mansel
99:Bernard of Valence
337:, pp. 27–28.
303:(c. 1272–c. 1292)
221:bishop of Tripoli
166:Pope Alexander IV
95:County of Tripoli
16:(Redirected from
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634:
617:(331): 278–288.
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593:
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207:In 1268, Sultan
143:Peter of Lucedio
103:Pope Innocent II
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265:List of bishops
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141:When Patriarch
122:Knights Templar
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579:
560:
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550:, p. 236.
540:
536:Jotischky 2002
528:
526:, p. 408.
513:
511:, p. 221.
501:
499:, p. 143.
489:
487:, p. 240.
477:
475:, p. 237.
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453:
438:
436:, p. 226.
426:
424:, p. 285.
411:
409:, p. 223.
399:
397:, p. 212.
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385:, p. 111.
375:
363:
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297:(1263–c. 1268)
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235:Main article:
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193:Greek Catholic
67:Greek Orthodox
62:
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35:Roman Catholic
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2:
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565:Cahen, Claude
562:
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549:
548:Hamilton 1980
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541:
538:, p. 15.
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525:
524:Hamilton 1980
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509:Hamilton 1980
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497:Hamilton 1980
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485:Hamilton 1980
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359:Hamilton 1980
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55:Marian shrine
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47:First Crusade
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557:Bibliography
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64:
30:
29:
295:William III
285:(1142–1152)
243:Virgin Mary
204:doctrines.
197:William III
164:. In 1255,
89:within the
645:Categories
592:. Ashgate.
289:William II
270:Dates are
178:archdeacon
120:hired the
114:Nur al-Din
83:suffragans
45:after the
283:William I
259:Assassins
231:Cathedral
209:Baybars I
183:In 1263,
138:in 1188.
118:William I
71:Antarados
567:(1940).
272:floruits
201:Orthodox
174:prebends
162:Raphanea
79:Maraclea
41:city of
251:Raymond
247:Treviso
217:Tripoli
155:bezants
151:pledged
136:Saladin
85:of the
61:History
631:564521
629:
577:
291:(1247)
170:canons
131:tithes
75:Arados
43:Tartus
39:Syrian
33:was a
627:JSTOR
308:Notes
575:ISBN
107:Fulk
77:and
619:doi
647::
625:.
615:84
613:.
516:^
441:^
414:^
327:^
223:,
109:.
73:,
57:.
633:.
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583:.
373:.
274:.
20:)
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