1036:. Le Duan, the secretary-general of the Vietnamese Workers' Party, decided to follow up this victory with an offensive to seize all of the Central Highlands and sent Thọ down to monitor operations. Following the Communist victory at the Battle of Ban Me Thuot which ended on 11 March 1975, Thọ approved the plans of the North Vietnamese commander, General Van Tien Dung, to take Pleiku and push further south. Thọ also reported to Hanoi that the South Vietnamese Army were suffering from low morale and fighting poorly, which led him to suggest that all of South Vietnam might be taken that year, instead of 1976 as originally planned. The name of the campaign to take Saigon would be the Ho Chi Minh campaign. The principal problem for the North Vietnamese was that operations had to be completed before the monsoons arrived in June, giving them a very short period of two months to win the war in 1975. Thọ sent Le Duan a poem that began "You warned: Go out and come back in victory...The time of opportunity has arrived". By April 1975, the North Vietnamese had advanced within striking distance of Saigon with what would prove to be the last major battle of the Vietnam war taking place at Phan Rang between 13 and 16 April 1975.
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and discipline who defended the position he represented with dedication". Thọ told
Kissinger at their first meeting that "Vietnamization" was doomed, dismissively saying in French: "Previously, with over one million U.S and Saigon troops, you have failed. Now how can you win if you let the South Vietnamese Army fight alone and if you only give them military support?". Kissinger took the fact that Thọ began his activism working for Vietnamese independence at the age of 16 as a proof that he was a "fanatic", portraying Thọ to Nixon as an unreasonable, uncompromising man, but one was also a well mannered, cultured and polite. Kissinger found Thọ's air of superiority exasperating as Thọ took the viewpoint that North Vietnam was the real Vietnam, and regarded the Americans as "barbarians" who were merely trying to delay the inevitable by supporting South Vietnam. In April 1970, Thọ broke off his meetings with Kissinger, saying that there was nothing to discuss. An attempt by Kissinger to talk to Thọ again in May 1970 was rejected with a note reading "The U.S. words of peace are just empty ones".
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October to accommodate Thiệu, which led Thọ to accuse him of negotiating in bad faith. Thọ stated: "We have been deceived by the French, the
Japanese and the Americans. But the deception has never been so flagrant as of now". Kissinger insisted the changes he wanted were only minor, but in effect he wanted to renegotiate almost the entire agreement. Thọ rejected Kissinger's terms, saying he would abide by the terms agreed to on 8 October. Putting more pressure, Nixon told Kissinger to break off the talks if Thọ would not agree to the changes he wanted. Kissinger told Nixon: "While we have a moral case for bombing North Vietnam when it does not accept our terms, it seems to be really stretching the point to bomb North Vietnam when it has accepted our terms and when South Vietnam has not". By December 1972, the talks had broken, and Nixon decided to resume bombing North Vietnam.
897:, Kissinger arrived to find nobody at the door to greet him. When Kissinger entered the conference room, nobody spoke to him. Sensing the hostile mood, Kissinger speaking in French said: "It was not my fault about the bombing". Before Kissinger could say anymore, Thọ exploded in rage, saying in French: "Under the pretext of interrupted negotiations, you resumed the bombing of North Vietnam, just at the moment when I reached home. You have 'greeted' my arrival in a very courteous manner! You action, I can say, is flagrant and gross! You and no one else strained the honor of the United States". Thọ shouted at Kissinger for over an hour, and despite Kissinger's requests not to speak so loudly because the reporters outside the room could hear what he was saying, he did not relent. Thọ concluded: "For more than ten years, America has used violence to beat down the Vietnamese people-
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that the United States had to unconditionally cease bombing all of the DRV first. After the meeting, Harriman thanked Thọ for his "straight talk", but disputed a number of Thọ's claims, saying that the
Vietnam war was not the most costly war in American history. Thọ was unhappy when Hanoi demanded that the National Liberation Front take part in the peace talks as the lead negotiating team above the North Vietnamese, which he knew would cause complications. He flew back to Hanoi in an attempt to change the instructions, in which he was successful, but was also told to tell Harriman that an expanded four-party talks involving the Americans, the South Vietnamese, the North Vietnamese and the NLF would begin "as early as possible" without settling a firm date. However, the four party talks did not take place as planned as South Vietnamese President
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guarantees about Viet Cong prisoners being held in South
Vietnam. Thọ stated: "I cannot accept your proposal. I completely reject it". Thọ wanted the release of all prisoners once a peace agreement was signed, which led Kissinger to say this was an unreasonable demand. Thọ, who had been tortured as a young man by the French colonial police for advocating Vietnamese independence, shouted: "You have never been a prisoner. You don't understand suffering. It's unfair". Kissinger finally offered that the United States would use "maximum influence" to pressure the South Vietnamese government to release all Viet Cong prisoners within sixty days of a peace agreement being signed. On 23 January 1973, at 12:45 pm, Kissinger and Thọ signed the peace agreement.
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immediately set about giving orders to ensure that the water works and electricity grid of Saigon was still functioning; that food would continue to arrive from the countryside; to make arrangements to deal with the one million soldiers of the South
Vietnamese Army that he ordered dissolved; and appointing administrators to replace the South Vietnamese officials. On behalf of the Politburo he gave General Dung a telegram from Hanoi that simply read: "Political Bureau is most happy". On 1 May 1975, a parade was held in Saigon to celebrate both May Day and the victory with Thọ watching the victorious soldiers march down the streets of Saigon, which was soon renamed Ho Chi Minh City.
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679:) in the South China Sea. Poulo Condore with its "tiger cage" cells was regarded as the harshest prison in all of French Indochina. During his time in the "tiger cage", Thọ suffered from hunger, heat, and humiliation. Together with other Vietnamese Communist prisoners, Thọ studied literature, science, and foreign languages and acted in Molière plays. Despite being imprisoned by the French, France was still regarded as the "land of culture", and the prisoners paid a "peculiar tribute" to French culture by putting on Molière plays.
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more important. Using bulldozers from the Soviet Union and China, over the course of 1974, General Thai transformed the Ho Chi Minh Trail into a paved, four lane highway that ran 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from North
Vietnam through Laos and Cambodia into South Vietnam. He also laid down a 3,000-mile (4,800 km) pipeline to carry oil. The paving of the Ho Chi Minh Trail allowed North Vietnam to not only send more troops to South Vietnam, but to keep them well supplied.
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established in South
Vietnam. In these circumstances it is impossible for me to accept the 1973 Nobel Prize for Peace which the committee has bestowed on me. Once the Paris accord on Vietnam is respected, the arms are silenced and a real peace is established in South Vietnam, I will be able to consider accepting this prize. With my thanks to the Nobel Prize Committee please accept, madame, my sincere respects.
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all of
Vietnam was one country while Kissinger insisted that only civilians be allowed to cross the DMZ that divided the two Vietnams. After much argument, Kissinger agreed to take the issue of the DMZ out of the peace agreement and inserted the phrase "among the questions to be negotiated there is the question of the modalities for civilian movement across the provisional military demarcation line".
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continued ceasefire violations by all sides, Kissinger and Thọ met in Paris in May and June 1973 for the purpose of getting the implementation of the peace agreement back on track. On 13 June 1973, the United States and North
Vietnam signed a joint communique pledging mutual support for full implementation of the Paris Accords.
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825:, telling him that the days when the North Vietnamese could count of the supply of Chinese arms were coming to close. Thọ showed no emotion, saying: "That is your affair. Our fighting is our preoccupation, and that will decide the outcome for our country. What you have told us will have no influence on our fighting".
837:. It was initially successful and led to warnings that the United States would start bombing North Vietnam again. Thọ sent a message, saying if the bombing was resumed, it would be "a very serious step of escalation, aimed at stopping the collapse of the situation in South Vietnam and putting pressure on us".
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he could not leave to take up a command in South
Vietnam as he had expected, saying that the Politburo had assigned Thọ another, more important task. General Thai begged Thọ to let him go win glory on the battlefield, but he was unyielding, saying that turning the Ho Chi Minh Trail into a highway was
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began. On 26 December 1972, North Vietnam announced a willingness to resume peace talks in Paris again in January. Though Nixon had decided after all to accept the peace terms of 8 October, the bombings allowed him to portray himself as having forced North Vietnam to the table. The American historian
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On 20 November 1972, Kissinger met Thọ again in Paris. Kissinger no longer aimed at secrecy and was followed by paparazzi as he went to a house owned by the French Communist Party where Thọ was waiting for him. Kissinger announced that the Americans wanted major changes to the peace agreement made in
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to resign if only Thọ would agree to make a peace deal before the presidential elections of that year. Thọ told Kissinger that the timetable for Thiệu's departure was no longer an immediate concern, and instead he wanted some $ 8 billion in reparations for the war damage. Kissinger also told Thọ that
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might take part in the talks provided that the South Vietnamese were also allowed to join. At another meeting with Harriman on 12 September, Thọ made the concession that South Vietnam could continue as an independent state provided the National Liberation Front could join the government, but demanded
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On 22 April 1975, General Dung showed Thọ his plan to take Saigon, which he approved, saying as he signed off on Dung's plan that this was the death sentence for the regime of "reactionary traitors" in Saigon. On 30 April 1975, the North Vietnamese took Saigon and Thọ entered the city in triumph. He
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A paragraph was inserted calling for the withdraw of all foreign forces from South Vietnam, which Kissinger claimed was a commitment from Thọ to pull out North Vietnamese forces. Thọ did not share this view, as he argued that the North Vietnamese troops were not foreign. Thọ told Kissinger that if a
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When Kissinger was finally able to speak, he argued that it was Thọ who by being unreasonable had forced Nixon to order the Christmas bombings, a claim that led Thọ to snap in fury: "You've spent billions of dollars and many tons of bombs when we had a text ready to sign". Kissinger replied: "I have
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was criticizing the Nixon administration, leading Kissinger to say: "Our domestic discussions are no concern of yours". Thọ snapped back: "I'm giving an example to prove that Americans share our views". When Kissinger asked Thọ why North Vietnam had not responded on a proposal he sent via the Soviet
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decided to stall talks after receiving messages from Anna Chennault that the Republican candidate Richard Nixon would be more supportive. On 18 January 1969, Thọ told Harriman that he regretted his departure, saying: "If you had stopped bombing after two or three months of talks, the situation would
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However, since the signing of the Paris agreement, the United States and the Saigon administration continue in grave violation of a number of key clauses of this agreement. The Saigon administration, aided and encouraged by the United States, continues its acts of war. Peace has not yet really been
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On 7 October 1972, Kissinger and Thọ agreed to a government of national reconciliation in Saigon that was to include the National Liberation Front. Kissinger told Thọ that he expected a peace agreement to be signed in Paris on 25 or 26 October 1972, saying that all was needed now as the approval of
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When the talks finally began, Kissinger put forward the demand that North Vietnam pull out all of its troops out of South Vietnam, a demand that Thọ rejected out of hand. Thọ stated the only issues remaining were the demilitarized zone (DMZ), which he wanted to see abolished under the grounds that
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Thọ first met Kissinger in a secret meeting in a modest house in Paris on the night of 21 February 1970, marking the beginning of a test of wills that was to last three years. Kissinger was later to say of Thọ: "I don't look back on our meetings with any great joy, yet he was a person of substance
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On the night of 9 January 1973, Kissinger phoned Nixon in Washington to say that a peace agreement would be signed very soon. On 10 January 1973, the negotiations broke down when Kissinger demanded the release of all American POWs in North Vietnam once a peace agreement was signed, but offered no
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After the Christmas bombings of 1972, Thọ was in particularly savage mood towards Kissinger. The relationship between Kissinger and Thọ was antagonistic and condescending, angering Kissinger. After one meeting, Kissinger asked "Allow me to ask you one question: do you scold your colleagues in the
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On 28 March 1973, the last of the American forces left South Vietnam. While 23 January is generally recognized as the enactment date of the Peace Accords, the talks continued out of necessity. Sporadic fighting continued in some regions, while U.S. ground forces were removed by 29 March. Due to
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Unfortunately, the Nobel Peace Prize Committee put the aggressor and the victim of aggression on the same par. ... That was a blunder. The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the greatest prizes in the world. But the United States conducted a war of aggression against Vietnam. It is we, the Vietnamese
1237:. 2008– Page 73 "This resolution unleashed a terror campaign against the "revisionist antiparty clique." Lê Đức Thọ, head of the Party Central Organization Committee, announced to party cadres: "The theoretical front to counter contemporary revisionism we ..."
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heard many adjectives in your comments. I propose that you should not use them". Thọ answered: "I have used those adjectives with a great deal of restraint already. The world opinion, the U.S. press and U.S. political personalities have used harsher words".
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By May 1971, Thọ started to change tactics in the talks, insisting that the main issue now was removing President Thiệu after the Americans departed. In July 1971, Kissinger taunted Thọ with the news that President Nixon would be visiting China soon to meet
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Thọ next met Kissinger on 19 July 1972. Kissinger asked: "If the United States can accept governments in large that are not pro-American, why should it insist on a pro-U.S government in Saigon?" Thọ stated that Kissinger were not offering anything new.
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he wanted to tell the world about their secret meetings since 1970 in order to give the impression that Nixon was making progress on peace in Vietnam, a suggestion that Thọ rejected, saying it was not his job to assist Nixon's reelection campaign.
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Thiệu and Nixon. However, when Kissinger arrived in Saigon, Thiệu refused to sign the peace agreement. Nixon had initially agreed to the peace agreement, but, upon hearing of Thiệu's claims of betrayal, started to change his mind.
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On 15 September 1972, Kissinger told Thọ: "We wish to end before October 15-if sooner, all the better". Thọ told Hanoi that Kissinger wanted a peace agreement before the election and now was the best time to settle.
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A.J. Langguth wrote the Christmas bombings were "pointless" as the final peace agreement of 23 January 1973 was essentially the same as that of 8 October 1972 as Thọ refused to make any substantial concessions.
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997:. However, Thọ declined to accept the award, claiming that peace had not yet been established, and that the United States and the South Vietnamese governments were in violation of the Paris Peace Accords:
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In December 1974, the North Vietnamese launched an offensive in the Central Highlands of South Vietnam that proved more successful than expected and on 6 January 1975 took the provincial capital of
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Union, Thọ replied: "We have on many occasions said that if you have any question, you should talk to directly to us, and we shall talk directly to you. We don't speak through a third person".
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671:. French colonial authorities imprisoned him from 1930 to 1936 and again from 1939 to 1944. The French imprisoned him in one of the "tiger cage" cells on the prison located on the island of
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was a fanatical Khmer nationalist with a hatred of the Vietnamese. After the meeting, Kissinger told Thọ: "We must forget all that has happened. When we walk out, we must be smiling".
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773:, the head of the American delegation, in a villa in the town of Vitry-sur-Seine. At the meeting, Harriman conceded that in "serious talks" the National Liberation Front (
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799:, a former French colonial official who served in Vietnam and was sympathetic towards Vietnamese nationalism. However, Thọ did not appear as expected and instead
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a letter reading: "My colleagues and I believe and have grounds to believe that an end to the bombing would lead to a breakthrough in the peace talks".
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in South Vietnam, which led Nixon to tell Kissinger "No nonsense. No niceness. No accommodations". During the meeting, Thọ mentioned that Senator
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prisons, an experience that hardened him. Thọ's nickname was "the Hammer" on account of his severity. In 1930, Lê Đức Thọ helped found the
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On 2 May 1972, Thọ had his 13th meeting with Kissinger in Paris. The meeting was hostile, as the North Vietnamese had just taken
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was the official head of the North Vietnamese delegation, but Thọ arrived in Paris in June 1968 to take effective control. While
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Lê Đức Thọ died on 13 October 1990, the evening before his 79th birthday, having reportedly suffered from cancer, in Hanoi.
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peace agreement was signed, that within 15 days a peace agreement would be signed for Laos. But he stated, that unlike the
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people, who made peace by defeating the American war of aggression against us, by regaining our independence and freedom.
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during the early 1960s. Several rounds of Paris Peace Talks (some public, some secret) were held between 1968 and 1973.
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were signed in 1954. In 1948, he was in South Vietnam as Deputy Secretary, Head of the Organization Department of
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of the American delegation at a "safe house" in the Paris suburb of Sceaux. On 8 September 1968, Thọ first met
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from 1982 to 1986 and later as an Advisor to the Party's Central Committee from 1986 until he died in 1990.
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Lê Đức Thọ became active in Vietnamese nationalism as a teenager and spent much of his adolescence in
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since February 1970 engaged in secret conversations that eventually led to a cease-fire in the
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of 23 January 1973. On his way to Paris, Thọ stopped in Moscow to meet the Soviet Premier
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1798:"Personality Spotlight: Le Duc Tho: Vietnam's poet-revolutionary - UPI Archives"
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government. In 1963 Thọ supported the purges of the Party surrounding Resolution 9.
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905:. But you don't draw any lessons from your failures. You continue the same policy.
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42:. In accordance with Vietnamese custom, this person should be referred to by the
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in Cambodia. Kissinger did not believe Thọ's claims that the Khmer Rouge leader
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From 1978 to 1982 Lê Đức Thọ was named by Hanoi to act as chief advisor to the
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general, diplomat, and politician. He was the first Asian to be awarded the
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The People's Republic of Kampuchea, 1979–1989: The revolution after Pol Pot
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Alternates of the 1st Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party
1948:
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The Ironies of Freedom: Sex, Culture, and Neoliberal Governance in Vietnam
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17:
1936:
October 1968 Conversation between Le and Chinese Foreign Minister Chen Yi
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Members of the 1st Standing Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party
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Members of the 1st Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party
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In February 1969, Kissinger asked the Soviet ambassador in Washington,
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Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician (1911–1990)
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Members of the 5th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 4th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam
686:, the Vietnamese independence movement, against the French, until the
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Members of the 3rd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam
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At their meeting on 8 January 1973 in a house in the French town of
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By August 1972, Kissinger was promising Thọ that he would pressure
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Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration
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Members of the 5th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 4th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 3rd Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 5th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 4th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 3rd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam
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Members of the 2nd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam
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Permanent Member of the Party Central Committee's Secretariat
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meant in Vietnamese, the translator refused to translate, as
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Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, vol. 42,
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International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
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free and democratic elections to be held in South Vietnam;
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International Commission of Control and Supervision (ICC)
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Secretary for Theoretical, Internal and Foreign Affairs
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Seattle : University of Washington Press, c2008.
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North Vietnamese troops could remain in South Vietnam.
921:: 愚蠢) roughly means that a person is grossly stupid.
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Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
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3616:
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3460:
3429:
3398:
3368:
3344:
3319:
2958:
2707:
2464:
2241:
2001:
1768:"Tho Rejects Nobel Prize, Citing Vietnam Situation"
730:led the official negotiating team representing the
588:
572:
562:
545:
514:
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487:
450:
432:
404:
394:
382:
359:
347:
329:
293:
270:
3175:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
937:in Laos, North Vietnam had no influence over the
833:In March 1972, the North Vietnamese launched the
473:Chair of the Special Political Affairs Commission
1682:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 619-620
1565:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 606-607
1526:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 604-605
1474:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 598-599
1383:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 562-563
1331:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 523-527
1305:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 519-520
1279:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 518-519
1263:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 510-511
3926:National Political Publishing House – The Truth
1012:
999:
698:of the Vietnam Workers' Party in 1955, now the
214:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
1943:Vietnam: The Kissinger-Le Duc Tho Negotiations
1050:Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation
682:After his release in 1945, he helped lead the
3567:
3295:
2765:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
2498:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1975:
694:Committee Party. He then joined the Lao Dong
467:Vice Chair of the National Defense Commission
122:. Consider transferring direct quotations to
8:
1892:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 668
1879:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 655
1866:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 651
1853:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 650
1840:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 646
1827:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 644
1814:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 634
1734:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 622
1716:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 621
1700:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 620
1669:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 619
1656:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 626
1643:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 614
1630:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 613
1617:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 612
1604:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 610
1591:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 609
1578:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 607
1552:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 606
1539:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 605
1513:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 604
1500:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 601
1487:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 600
1461:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 598
1448:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 592
1435:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 582
1422:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 569
1409:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 563
1396:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 562
1370:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 550
1357:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 541
1344:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 530
1318:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 522
1292:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 519
1250:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 509
1179:, New York: Simon & Schuster 2000 p. 250
890:Central Committee the way you scold us?"
625:; 14 October 1911 – 13 October 1990), born
307:18 December 1986 – 13 October 1990
89:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4526:
4524:
4411:
4090:
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3302:
3288:
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1982:
1968:
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1952:
1726:
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1271:
1269:
1060:would not override Vietnam's interests in
1056:. Lê Đức Thọ's mission was to ensure that
749:. On Thọ's behalf, Kosygin sent President
267:
3053:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1154:
1152:
969:U.S. aid to South Vietnam would continue;
952:The basic facts of the Accords included:
418:30 April 1980 – 18 December 1986
331:Head of the Central Organizing Commission
256:Learn how and when to remove this message
238:Learn how and when to remove this message
3906:Commission for Information and Education
2568:International Committee of the Red Cross
2400:International Committee of the Red Cross
2357:Nansen International Office for Refugees
2163:International Committee of the Red Cross
479:Chair of the Southern Affairs Commission
2917:International Campaign to Ban Landmines
1200:
1198:
1091:
1010:, Thọ also explained for his decision:
457:
4547:Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization
718:The United States actively joined the
295:Advisor to the Party Central Committee
1117:Bruce M. Lockhart, William J. Duiker
993:for their efforts in negotiating the
612:
406:Standing Secretary of the Secretariat
7:
4713:Vietnamese people of the Vietnam War
3153:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet
3019:International Atomic Energy Agency
2432:American Friends Service Committee
1024:In January 1974, Thọ told General
25:
4582:Socialist-oriented market economy
4542:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union
3891:Commission for External Relations
2634:International Labour Organization
1052:(FUNSK) and later to the nascent
959:ceasefire to be monitored by the
70:This article has multiple issues.
3595:
3583:
1766:Lewis, Flora (24 October 1973).
1119:Historical Dictionary of Vietnam
646:United States Secretary of State
278:
199:
151:
100:
59:
2833:Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)
2046:Institut de Droit International
1921:Lê Đức Thọ at www.biography.com
956:release of POWs within 80 days;
761:On 26 June 1968, Thọ first met
734:at the talks in Paris, Thọ and
706:that began in 1956 against the
78:or discuss these issues on the
4708:People's Republic of Kampuchea
1890:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1877:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1864:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1851:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1838:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1825:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1812:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1732:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1714:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1698:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1680:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1667:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1654:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1641:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1628:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1615:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1602:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1589:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1576:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1563:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1550:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1537:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1524:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1511:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1498:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1485:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1472:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1459:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1446:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1433:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1420:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1407:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1394:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1381:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1368:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1355:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1342:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1329:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1316:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1303:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1290:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1277:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1261:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1248:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1208:, New York: Viking 1983 p. 623
1192:, New York: Viking 1983 p. 125
1177:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1160:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975
1054:People's Republic of Kampuchea
736:U.S. National Security Advisor
732:Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1:
4618:People from Nam Định province
4552:Vietnam People's Armed Forces
3875:Central Inspection Commission
2572:League of Red Cross Societies
2098:Paul Estournelles de Constant
1121:2006 entry p. 202: Lê Đức Thọ
907:Ngu xuẩn! Ngu xuẩn! Ngu xuẩn!
3901:Mass Mobilization Commission
1745:"The Nobel Peace Prize 1973"
1132:"The Nobel Peace Prize 1973"
909:" When Kissinger asked what
4718:Nobel Peace Prize laureates
3870:Central Military Commission
669:Indochinese Communist Party
582:Indochinese Communist Party
4739:
4723:Vietnamese Nobel laureates
4693:Vietnamese revolutionaries
3591:Communist Party of Vietnam
3246:Center for Civil Liberties
2106:International Peace Bureau
1229:(pbk. : alk. paper).
783:have been different now".
700:Communist Party of Vietnam
577:Communist Party of Vietnam
29:
3479:
989:were jointly awarded the
876:On 17 December 1972, the
655:, but refused the award.
599:
505:
494:
439:
434:Member of the Secretariat
411:
371:
336:
300:
289:
277:
2941:Médecins Sans Frontières
1006:In the interview by the
120:summarize the quotations
4703:Vietnamese nationalists
3939:The Communist Newspaper
3911:Organisation Commission
2428:Friends Service Council
659:Communist revolutionary
489:Member of the Politburo
162:is written like a story
3853:Decision-making bodies
3485:Nobel Prize recipients
3431:Physiology or Medicine
2825:UN Peacekeeping Forces
2674: (declined award)
2583:Martin Luther King Jr.
1923:Retrieved 5 July 2017.
1105:Nobel Peace Prize List
1017:
1004:
991:1973 Nobel Peace Prize
803:represented the DRV.
4325:Inspection Commission
3420:Brian David Josephson
3097:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
2777:Alfonso García Robles
2757:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel
2729:Amnesty International
2341:Carlos Saavedra Lamas
1071:Lê Đức Thọ served as
714:Peace-making in Paris
614:[lēɗɨ̌ktʰɔ̂ˀ]
454:Secretariat Positions
420:Serving with
309:Serving with
176:neutral point of view
4424:Provisional: 1930–35
3212:World Food Programme
1217:Thu-Hương Nguyễn-Võ
1164:Simon & Schuster
704:Communist insurgency
168:rewrite this article
4572:Ho Chi Minh Thought
4247:Military Commission
4078:Leadership sittings
3949:Steering committees
3916:Theoretical Council
2893:Pugwash Conferences
1101:"Nobel Peace Prize"
995:Paris Peace Accords
771:W. Averell Harriman
743:Paris Peace Accords
113:too many quotations
4698:Cold War diplomats
4521:Wider organisation
4504:13th: 2021–present
4393:13th: 2021–present
4169:13th: 2021–present
3451:Nikolaas Tinbergen
3335:Geoffrey Wilkinson
3329:Ernst Otto Fischer
3164:Juan Manuel Santos
2490:George C. Marshall
2333:Carl von Ossietzky
2228:Austen Chamberlain
2094:A. M. F. Beernaert
2062:Theodore Roosevelt
2054:Bertha von Suttner
1951:on Nobelprize.org
1901:Margaret Slocomb,
1772:The New York Times
1747:. Nobel Foundation
878:Christmas bombings
702:. Thọ oversaw the
218:You can assist by
172:encyclopedic style
4595:
4594:
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4525:
4516:
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4511:
4416:Central Committee
4401:
4400:
4087:Central Committee
4073:
4072:
3997:National Congress
3989:National meetings
3984:
3983:
3961:Central Highlands
3759:Nguyễn Thanh Bình
3618:General Secretary
3608:Central Committee
3549:
3548:
3462:Economic Sciences
3277:
3276:
3138:Kailash Satyarthi
3023:Mohamed ElBaradei
2841:Mikhail Gorbachev
2536:Philip Noel-Baker
2520:Lester B. Pearson
2482:Albert Schweitzer
2263:Ferdinand Buisson
2255:Gustav Stresemann
2134:Henri La Fontaine
1995:Nobel Peace Prize
1910:978-974-9575-34-5
1778:on 1 January 2011
1235:978-0-295-98865-8
1206:Vietnam A History
1190:Vietnam A History
1058:Khmer nationalism
981:Nobel Peace Prize
846:William Fulbright
751:Lyndon B. Johnson
642:Nobel Peace Prize
631:Nam Dinh Province
603:
602:
593:Nobel Peace Prize
536:Nam Định Province
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16:(Redirected from
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4577:Marxism–Leninism
4527:
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3993:
3797:(Apr.–Jul. 2001)
3789:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
3749:(June–Dec. 1986)
3723:Nguyễn Duy Trinh
3715:Permanent Member
3698:Nguyễn Phú Trọng
3670:(Jul.–Dec. 1986)
3614:
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3470:Wassily Leontief
3453:(United Kingdom)
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3304:
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3270:
3259:
3257:Narges Mohammadi
3248:
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3155:
3144:
3142:Malala Yousafzai
3129:
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3077:
3066:
3064:Martti Ahtisaari
3055:
3040:
3025:
3010:
2999:
2988:
2977:
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2943:
2935:
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2911:
2909:José Ramos-Horta
2899:
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2857:Rigoberta Menchú
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2849:Aung San Suu Kyi
2843:
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2721:Mairead Corrigan
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2552:Dag Hammarskjöld
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2325:Arthur Henderson
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2282:Frank B. Kellogg
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1774:. Archived from
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1204:Karnow, Stanley
1202:
1193:
1188:Karnow, Stanley
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1173:
1167:
1156:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1128:
1122:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1096:
1068:was overthrown.
858:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
835:Easter Offensive
793:Anatoly Dobrynin
780:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
708:South Vietnamese
624:
623:
622:
616:
611:
552:
540:French Indochina
528:
526:
510:Personal details
499:
480:
474:
468:
462:
444:
422:Nguyễn Duy Trinh
416:
397:
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4173:
4086:
4069:
3980:
3966:Judicial Reform
3956:Anti-corruption
3944:
3879:
3848:
3825:Trần Quốc Vượng
3807:Trương Tấn Sang
3747:Nguyễn Văn Linh
3709:
3674:Nguyễn Văn Linh
3607:
3601:
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3584:
3582:
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3483:
3475:
3472:(United States)
3456:
3439:Karl von Frisch
3425:
3416:(United States)
3394:
3385:(United States)
3383:Henry Kissinger
3364:
3340:
3315:
3308:
3278:
3273:
3268:to be announced
3262:
3251:
3238:Ales Bialiatski
3232:
3217:
3206:
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3180:
3169:
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3147:
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3110:
3105:Tawakkol Karman
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3008:Wangari Maathai
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2790:
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2770:
2762:
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2714:
2703:
2698:Andrei Sakharov
2695:
2683:
2678:Henry Kissinger
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2251:Aristide Briand
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2198:Christian Lange
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1888:Langguth, A.J.
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1522:Langguth, A.J.
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1517:
1509:Langguth, A.J.
1508:
1504:
1496:Langguth, A.J.
1495:
1491:
1483:Langguth, A.J.
1482:
1478:
1470:Langguth, A.J.
1469:
1465:
1457:Langguth, A.J.
1456:
1452:
1444:Langguth, A.J.
1443:
1439:
1431:Langguth, A.J.
1430:
1426:
1418:Langguth, A.J.
1417:
1413:
1405:Langguth, A.J.
1404:
1400:
1392:Langguth, A.J.
1391:
1387:
1379:Langguth, A.J.
1378:
1374:
1366:Langguth, A.J.
1365:
1361:
1353:Langguth, A.J.
1352:
1348:
1340:Langguth, A.J.
1339:
1335:
1327:Langguth, A.J.
1326:
1322:
1314:Langguth, A.J.
1313:
1309:
1301:Langguth, A.J.
1300:
1296:
1288:Langguth, A.J.
1287:
1283:
1275:Langguth, A.J.
1274:
1267:
1259:Langguth, A.J.
1258:
1254:
1246:Langguth, A.J.
1245:
1241:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1196:
1187:
1183:
1175:Langguth, A.J.
1174:
1170:
1158:Langguth, A.J.
1157:
1150:
1140:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1116:
1112:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1081:
1046:
1022:
1020:Winning the war
987:Henry Kissinger
983:
887:
831:
818:
809:
789:
759:
747:Aleksei Kosygin
739:Henry Kissinger
716:
665:French colonial
661:
649:Henry Kissinger
644:, jointly with
619:
618:
617:
609:
580:
573:Political party
554:
550:
549:13 October 1990
530:
529:14 October 1911
524:
522:
521:
520:
500:
495:
483:
478:
472:
466:
460:
456:
455:
445:
440:
428:
417:
412:
395:
383:
377:
372:
360:
348:
342:
337:
325:
319:Nguyễn Văn Linh
306:
301:
285:
273:
262:
251:
250:
249:
244:
233:
227:
224:
217:
204:
200:
189:
183:
180:
165:
156:
152:
141:
135:
132:
126:or excerpts to
117:
105:
101:
64:
60:
51:
32:Vietnamese name
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4736:
4734:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4600:
4599:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4522:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4495:
4490:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4420:
4418:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4329:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4137:8th: 1996–01 (
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4099:
4097:
4088:
4085:Elected by the
4079:
4075:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4001:
3999:
3990:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3896:Central Office
3893:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3845:(2024–present)
3840:
3837:Trương Thị Mai
3834:
3828:
3822:
3819:Đinh Thế Huynh
3816:
3810:
3804:
3798:
3795:Trần Đình Hoan
3792:
3786:
3783:Phạm Thế Duyệt
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3744:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3719:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3706:(2024–present)
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3671:
3665:
3659:
3653:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3629:
3622:
3620:
3611:
3603:
3602:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3556:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3417:
3411:
3404:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3386:
3379:
3377:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3355:
3353:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3332:
3325:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3284:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3260:
3249:
3230:
3227:Dmitry Muratov
3215:
3204:
3193:
3178:
3167:
3156:
3145:
3130:
3119:
3116:European Union
3108:
3089:
3078:
3067:
3056:
3041:
3038:Muhammad Yunus
3026:
3011:
3000:
2989:
2978:
2971:United Nations
2962:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2944:
2936:
2924:
2912:
2900:
2897:Joseph Rotblat
2888:
2872:
2869:F. W. de Klerk
2865:Nelson Mandela
2860:
2852:
2844:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2768:
2760:
2752:
2744:
2741:Menachem Begin
2732:
2724:
2717:Betty Williams
2711:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2681:
2666:
2659:
2648:
2645:Norman Borlaug
2637:
2626:
2615:
2606:
2597:
2586:
2575:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2544:Albert Luthuli
2539:
2531:
2523:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2493:
2485:
2477:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2435:
2423:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2305:
2293:
2285:
2277:
2270:
2258:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2201:
2189:
2186:Léon Bourgeois
2181:
2178:Woodrow Wilson
2173:
2166:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2109:
2101:
2089:
2082:Klas Arnoldson
2077:
2070:Ernesto Moneta
2065:
2057:
2049:
2041:
2033:
2021:
2018:Frédéric Passy
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1946:
1938:
1931:
1930:External links
1928:
1926:
1925:
1913:
1894:
1881:
1868:
1855:
1842:
1829:
1816:
1803:
1789:
1758:
1736:
1718:
1702:
1684:
1671:
1658:
1645:
1632:
1619:
1606:
1593:
1580:
1567:
1554:
1541:
1528:
1515:
1502:
1489:
1476:
1463:
1450:
1437:
1424:
1411:
1398:
1385:
1372:
1359:
1346:
1333:
1320:
1307:
1294:
1281:
1265:
1252:
1239:
1210:
1194:
1181:
1168:
1148:
1136:NobelPrize.org
1123:
1110:
1099:Jain, Chelsi.
1090:
1088:
1085:
1080:
1077:
1045:
1042:
1026:Hoàng Văn Thái
1021:
1018:
982:
979:
974:
973:
970:
967:
964:
957:
895:Gif-sur-Yvette
886:
883:
842:Quang Tri City
830:
827:
817:
814:
808:
805:
788:
785:
758:
755:
715:
712:
688:Geneva Accords
677:Côn Sơn Island
660:
657:
627:Phan Đình Khải
601:
600:
597:
596:
590:
586:
585:
574:
570:
569:
564:
560:
559:
553:(aged 78)
547:
543:
542:
519:Phan Đình Khải
518:
516:
512:
511:
507:
506:
503:
502:
492:
491:
485:
484:
482:
481:
475:
469:
463:
453:
452:
451:
448:
447:
437:
436:
430:
429:
419:
409:
408:
402:
401:
398:
392:
391:
386:
380:
379:
369:
368:
366:Nguyễn Đức Tâm
363:
357:
356:
351:
345:
344:
334:
333:
327:
326:
308:
298:
297:
291:
290:
287:
286:
283:
275:
274:
271:
264:
263:
246:
245:
207:
205:
198:
191:
190:
159:
157:
150:
143:
142:
108:
106:
99:
94:
68:
67:
65:
58:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4735:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4523:
4519:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4484:12th: 2016–21
4482:
4480:
4479:11th: 2011–16
4477:
4475:
4474:10th: 2006–11
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4404:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4388:12th: 2016–21
4386:
4384:
4383:11th: 2011–16
4381:
4379:
4378:10th: 2006–11
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4232:12th: 2016–21
4230:
4228:
4227:11th: 2011–16
4225:
4223:
4222:10th: 2006–11
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4164:12th: 2016–21
4162:
4160:
4159:11th: 2011–16
4157:
4155:
4154:10th: 2006–11
4152:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4076:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3940:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3831:Võ Văn Thưởng
3829:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3735:Lê Thanh Nghị
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3692:Nông Đức Mạnh
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3644:Nguyễn Văn Cừ
3642:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3632:Lê Hồng Phong
3630:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3604:
3593:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3565:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3445:Konrad Lorenz
3443:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3360:
3359:Patrick White
3357:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3305:
3300:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3187:
3186:Denis Mukwege
3183:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3101:Leymah Gbowee
3098:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2934:
2933:David Trimble
2930:
2925:
2922:
2921:Jody Williams
2918:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2886:
2885:Yasser Arafat
2882:
2881:Yitzhak Rabin
2878:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2858:
2853:
2850:
2845:
2842:
2837:
2834:
2829:
2826:
2821:
2818:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2769:
2766:
2761:
2758:
2753:
2750:
2749:Mother Teresa
2745:
2742:
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426:Lê Thanh Nghị
423:
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19:
4537:Constitution
4530:Other organs
4469:9th: 2001–06
4464:8th: 1996–01
4459:7th: 1991–96
4454:6th: 1986–91
4449:5th: 1982–86
4444:4th: 1976–82
4439:3rd: 1960–76
4434:2nd: 1951–60
4429:1st: 1935–51
4373:9th: 2001–06
4368:8th: 1996–01
4363:7th: 1991–96
4358:6th: 1986–91
4353:5th: 1982–86
4348:4th: 1976–82
4343:3rd: 1960–76
4338:2nd: 1951–60
4333:1st: 1948–51
4217:9th: 2001–06
4212:7th: 1991–96
4207:6th: 1986–91
4202:5th: 1982–86
4197:4th: 1976–82
4192:3rd: 1960–76
4187:2nd: 1951–60
4149:9th: 2001–06
4133:7th: 1991–96
4128:6th: 1986–91
4123:5th: 1982–86
4118:4th: 1976–82
4113:3rd: 1960–76
4108:2nd: 1951–60
4103:1st: 1935–51
3937:
3930:
3777:Lê Khả Phiêu
3771:Đào Duy Tùng
3728:
3686:Lê Khả Phiêu
3668:Trường Chinh
3650:Trường Chinh
3515:
3414:Ivar Giaever
3388:
3267:
3244: /
3240: /
3225: /
3188: /
3140: /
3103: /
3099: /
3075:Barack Obama
3051: /
3036: /
3034:Grameen Bank
3021: /
2997:Shirin Ebadi
2986:Jimmy Carter
2973: /
2959:2001–present
2949:Kim Dae-jung
2931: /
2919: /
2907: /
2895: /
2883: /
2879: /
2877:Shimon Peres
2867: /
2793:Desmond Tutu
2775: /
2739: /
2719: /
2688: /
2676: /
2671:
2670:
2656:Willy Brandt
2570: /
2528:Georges Pire
2474:Léon Jouhaux
2455:Ralph Bunche
2430: /
2418: /
2408:Cordell Hull
2349:Robert Cecil
2300: /
2265: /
2253: /
2230: /
2196: /
2118:Alfred Fried
2116: /
2114:Tobias Asser
2096: /
2084: /
2072: /
2028: /
2016: /
2014:Henry Dunant
1942:
1916:
1902:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1832:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1776:the original
1771:
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1739:
1731:
1713:
1697:
1679:
1674:
1666:
1661:
1653:
1648:
1640:
1635:
1627:
1622:
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1609:
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1583:
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1549:
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1536:
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1523:
1518:
1510:
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1484:
1479:
1471:
1466:
1458:
1453:
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1427:
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1401:
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1260:
1255:
1247:
1242:
1218:
1213:
1205:
1189:
1184:
1176:
1171:
1162:, New York:
1159:
1139:. Retrieved
1135:
1126:
1118:
1113:
1104:
1094:
1082:
1070:
1047:
1038:
1031:
1023:
1013:
1005:
1000:
984:
975:
951:
947:
931:
927:
923:
914:
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906:
892:
888:
875:
871:
867:
863:
855:
851:
839:
832:
819:
810:
790:
767:Philip Habib
760:
717:
681:
662:
626:
605:
604:
551:(1990-10-13)
496:
441:
413:
400:Lê Văn Lương
396:Succeeded by
389:Lê Văn Lương
373:
361:Succeeded by
354:Lê Văn Lương
338:
311:Trường Chinh
302:
252:
234:
228:October 2023
225:
212:copy editing
210:may require
209:
184:October 2023
181:
166:Please help
161:
136:October 2023
133:
118:Please help
110:
86:
79:
73:
72:Please help
69:
52:
47:
39:
4613:1990 deaths
4608:1911 births
4237:13th: 2021–
4179:Secretariat
4065:13th (2021)
4060:12th (2016)
4055:11th (2011)
4050:10th (2006)
3865:Secretariat
3843:Lương Cường
3839:(2023–2024)
3833:(2021–2023)
3813:Lê Hồng Anh
3741:Võ Chí Công
3700:(2011–2024)
3658:(1956–1960)
3656:Hồ Chí Minh
3361:(Australia)
3312:Nobel Prize
3223:Maria Ressa
3190:Nadia Murad
2905:Carlos Belo
2817:Óscar Arias
2809:Elie Wiesel
2785:Lech Wałęsa
2773:Alva Myrdal
2737:Anwar Sadat
2690:Eisaku Satō
2623:René Cassin
2416:Emily Balch
2298:Jane Addams
1751:31 December
1166:2000 p. 510
1066:Khmer Rouge
939:Khmer Rouge
763:Cyrus Vance
720:Vietnam War
692:Cochinchina
610:Vietnamese:
584:(1930–1945)
579:(1945–1990)
563:Nationality
477:1976–1980:
471:1980–1982:
465:1983–1986:
459:1983–1986:
384:Preceded by
349:Preceded by
323:Võ Chí Công
284:Thọ in 1973
4602:Categories
4493:Alternates
4406:Elected by
4045:9th (2001)
4040:8th (1996)
4035:7th (1991)
4030:6th (1986)
4025:5th (1982)
4020:4th (1976)
4015:3rd (1960)
4010:2nd (1951)
4005:1st (1935)
3765:Lê Đức Anh
3729:Lê Đức Thọ
3638:Hà Huy Tập
3389:Lê Đức Thọ
3346:Literature
3201:Abiy Ahmed
3086:Liu Xiaobo
2975:Kofi Annan
2672:Lê Đức Thọ
2126:Elihu Root
1949:Le Duc Tho
1227:0295988509
1087:References
1064:after the
1044:Later life
1034:Phước Long
935:Pathet Lao
823:Mao Zedong
635:Vietnamese
606:Lê Đức Thọ
567:Vietnamese
525:1911-10-14
272:Lê Đức Thọ
220:editing it
128:Wikisource
75:improve it
44:given name
18:Le Duc Tho
4498:Apparatus
4095:Politburo
3976:Southwest
3971:Northwest
3884:Apparatus
3860:Politburo
3827:(2018–21)
3821:(2016–18)
3815:(2011–16)
3809:(2006–11)
3803:(2002–06)
3801:Phan Diễn
3791:(1999–01)
3785:(1998–01)
3779:(1996–97)
3773:(1991–96)
3767:(1991–92)
3761:(1988–91)
3755:(1986–88)
3743:(1982–86)
3737:(1980–82)
3731:(1980–82)
3725:(1976–82)
3694:(2001–11)
3688:(1997–01)
3682:(1991–97)
3676:(1986–91)
3664:(1960–86)
3652:(1940–56)
3646:(1938–40)
3640:(1936–38)
3634:(1931–36)
3628:(1930–31)
3447:(Austria)
3441:(Germany)
3408:Leo Esaki
3391:(Vietnam)
3331:(Germany)
3321:Chemistry
3314:laureates
2929:John Hume
2708:1976–2000
2465:1951–1975
2420:John Mott
2242:1926–1950
2002:1901–1925
1991:Laureates
728:Xuân Thuỷ
724:Xuân Thuỷ
696:Politburo
684:Viet Minh
558:, Vietnam
501:1955–1986
497:In office
446:1960–1986
442:In office
414:In office
378:1956–1973
374:In office
343:1976–1980
339:In office
303:In office
124:Wikiquote
111:contains
81:talk page
4565:Ideology
4408:Congress
4143:Standing
4139:Enlarged
3932:Nhân Dân
3626:Trần Phú
3242:Memorial
1062:Cambodia
985:Thọ and
915:ngu xuẩn
911:ngu xuẩn
675:(modern
633:, was a
532:Nam Trực
30:In this
4587:Đổi Mới
4488:Members
4315:2020–25
4310:2015–20
4305:2010–15
4300:2005–10
4295:2000–05
4290:1995–00
4285:1990–95
4280:1985–90
4275:1980–85
4270:1976–82
4265:1960–76
4260:1952–60
4255:1946–48
3753:Đỗ Mười
3680:Đỗ Mười
3662:Lê Duẩn
3410:(Japan)
3400:Physics
3049:Al Gore
1993:of the
1782:30 June
1141:25 June
943:Pol Pot
919:Chữ Nôm
36:surname
4141:&
3704:Tô Lâm
2947:2000:
2939:1999:
2927:1998:
2915:1997:
2903:1996:
2891:1995:
2875:1994:
2863:1993:
2855:1992:
2847:1991:
2839:1990:
2831:1989:
2823:1988:
2815:1987:
2807:1986:
2799:1985:
2791:1984:
2783:1983:
2771:1982:
2763:1981:
2755:1980:
2747:1979:
2735:1978:
2727:1977:
2715:1976:
2696:1975:
2684:1974:
2669:1973:
2594:UNICEF
2566:1963:
2558:1962:
2550:1961:
2542:1960:
2534:1959:
2526:1958:
2518:1957:
2496:1954:
2488:1953:
2480:1952:
2472:1951:
2453:1950:
2445:1949:
2426:1947:
2414:1946:
2406:1945:
2398:1944:
2355:1938:
2347:1937:
2339:1936:
2331:1935:
2323:1934:
2315:1933:
2296:1931:
2288:1930:
2280:1929:
2261:1927:
2249:1926:
2226:1925:
2204:1922:
2192:1921:
2184:1920:
2176:1919:
2161:1917:
2132:1913:
2124:1912:
2112:1911:
2104:1910:
2092:1909:
2080:1908:
2068:1907:
2060:1906:
2052:1905:
2044:1904:
2036:1903:
2024:1902:
1908:
1233:
1225:
899:napalm
595:(1973)
589:Awards
174:and a
34:, the
3516:1973
3370:Peace
3310:1973
1079:Death
903:B-52s
556:Hanoi
3541:1978
3536:1977
3531:1976
3526:1975
3521:1974
3511:1972
3506:1971
3501:1970
3496:1969
3491:1968
3374:1973
3350:1973
3264:2024
3253:2023
3234:2022
3219:2021
3208:2020
3197:2019
3182:2018
3171:2017
3160:2016
3149:2015
3134:2014
3123:2013
3112:2012
3093:2011
3082:2010
3071:2009
3060:2008
3045:2007
3030:2006
3015:2005
3004:2004
2993:2003
2982:2002
2967:2001
2663:1972
2652:1971
2641:1970
2630:1969
2619:1968
2611:1967
2602:1966
2590:1965
2579:1964
2512:1956
2505:1955
2439:1948
2392:1943
2385:1942
2378:1941
2371:1940
2364:1939
2309:1932
2274:1928
2220:1924
2213:1923
2170:1918
2155:1916
2148:1915
2141:1914
2010:1901
1906:ISBN
1784:2013
1753:2006
1231:ISBN
1223:ISBN
1143:2024
917:(in
885:1973
829:1972
816:1971
807:1970
801:Thuỷ
787:1969
775:NLF)
765:and
757:1968
653:1973
546:Died
515:Born
424:and
1008:UPI
651:in
629:in
48:Thọ
38:is
4604::
3266::
3255::
3236::
3221::
3210::
3199::
3184::
3173::
3162::
3151::
3136::
3125::
3114::
3095::
3084::
3073::
3062::
3047::
3032::
3017::
3006::
2995::
2984::
2969::
2654::
2643::
2632::
2621::
2592::
2581::
2012::
1770:.
1721:^
1705:^
1687:^
1268:^
1197:^
1151:^
1134:.
1103:.
901:,
538:,
534:,
321:,
317:,
313:,
84:.
46:,
40:Lê
4500:)
4486:(
4145:)
3575:e
3568:t
3561:v
3376:)
3372:(
3352:)
3348:(
3303:e
3296:t
3289:v
1983:e
1976:t
1969:v
1800:.
1786:.
1755:.
1145:.
1107:.
963:;
608:(
527:)
523:(
259:)
253:(
241:)
235:(
230:)
226:(
222:.
216:.
186:)
182:(
178:.
164:.
138:)
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50:.
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