1673:
1481:
500:
645:
989:
752:
1139:
244:
1077:
2002:
561:
730:
614:
1048:
1208:
915:
685:
76:
2185:
1170:
1099:
1237:
2824:
240:, taking on the appearance of leaves. They do this so accurately that predators often are not able to distinguish them from real leaves. In some species, the edge of the leaf insect's body has the appearance of bite marks. To further confuse predators, when the leaf insect walks, it rocks back and forth, mimicking a real leaf being blown by the wind.
50:
2580:
Pigafetta, Antonio. "Anthony
Pigapheta, Patrician of Vincenza, and King of Rhodes, to the very illustrious and very excellent Lord Philip de Villers Lisleaden, the famous Grand Master of Rhodes, his most respected Lord." Alderley, Lord Stanley of.
2681:
374:
of
Phylliidae. Their results show the general relationship between the genera, but when comparing female and male representatives, they do not yet provide a clear phylogenetic picture of the recent genera.
2540:
2644:
Cryptophyllium, the hidden leaf insects – descriptions of a new leaf insect genus and thirteen species from the former celebicum species group (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)
3206:
2502:, a prehistoric ancestor of Phylliidae, displays many of the same characteristics of modern leaf insects, indicating that this family has changed little over time.
3376:
3219:
381:
of the
Phylliidae species determined on the basis of molecular genetics analysis and morphological investigations according to Cumming and Le Tirant (2022):
2596:
Resolving a century-old case of generic mistaken identity: polyphyly of
Chitoniscus sensu lato resolved with the description of the endemic New Caledonia
3437:
3350:
3180:
1682:
2697:
Walaphyllium subgen. nov., the dancing leaf insects from
Australia and Papua New Guinea with description of a new species (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)
301:
short and pointed, and near the leaf stalk they have on each side two feet. If they are touched they escape, but if crushed they do not give out
2682:
Review of the
Phyllium Illiger, 1798 of Wallacea, with description of a new subspecies from Morotai Island (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae: Phylliinae)
228:. Earlier sources treat Phylliidae as a much larger taxon, containing genera in what are presently considered to be several different families.
2663:
Description of
Phyllium (Phyllium) conlei, new species, and a first look at the Phylliidae (Phasmatodea) of the Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia
2861:
2662:
261:
was probably the first
Western person to document the creature, though it was known to people in the tropics for a long time. Sailing with
2565:
1418:
1907:
1672:
3427:
3311:
3141:
3118:
1697:
333:, the subfamily distinguishes thirteen recent genera, eight of which have been described since 2017. Within the genus
1822:
75:
3381:
2478:
2022:
1901:
1879:
1812:
1432:
1370:
3224:
2052:
2006:
2854:
2484:
2424:
2317:
2307:
2250:
2218:
2106:
2083:
1890:
1747:
1677:
1608:
2016:
2418:
2240:
1656:
1582:
1572:
1480:
2347:
2260:
1751:
3404:
3260:
2748:
1495:
1485:
2337:
2297:
2189:
2143:
2042:
1960:
1646:
1527:
1426:
1399:
499:
363:
two more subgenera became in 2019 and 2020. As of 2021, all three subgenera are considered separate genera.
305:. I kept one for nine days in a box. When I opened it the leaf went round the box. I believe they live upon
2371:
2133:
1950:
1517:
644:
3071:
2460:
2442:
2395:
2357:
2153:
1769:
1729:
988:
751:
3146:
2828:
2472:
2385:
2327:
1800:
1413:
1277:
801:
3245:
2634:
2287:
1405:
1138:
225:
2657:
2067:
1076:
931:
451:
243:
2626:
2618:
2206:
1549:
1465:
1071:
591:
344:
3337:
3167:
2847:
2774:
2711:
A tree of leaves: Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the leaf insects (Phasmatodea: Phylliidae)
2630:
2466:
1553:
367:
2001:
1459:
1042:
560:
555:
353:
3432:
2744:
2519:
2363:
2178:
1734:
1627:
1260:
784:
729:
613:
2638:
1931:
1557:
1047:
909:
420:
2676:
2454:
2448:
2436:
2430:
1966:
1759:
1742:
1721:
1716:
1639:
1469:
323:
262:
70:
3250:
2622:
1207:
914:
684:
293:, the leaves of which, when they fall, are animated, and walk. They are like the leaves of the
2763:"The first fossil leaf insect: 47 million years of specialized cryptic morphology and behavior"
2733:
3389:
3324:
3232:
3154:
3043:
2802:
2561:
2184:
1775:
1169:
258:
3302:
3211:
3394:
3237:
3020:
2792:
2782:
2730:
Three new genera and one new species of leaf insect from
Melanesia (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)
2603:
1614:
1098:
266:
3109:
2997:
2980:
2076:
1991:
1849:
1355:
1236:
1133:
983:
639:
494:
339:
319:
249:
58:
370:, molecular genetic studies have also increasingly been included in clarification of the
2778:
3030:
2797:
2762:
1588:
1542:
1202:
724:
221:
2520:"The taxonomic arrangement of the Phasmatodea with keys to the subfamilies and tribes"
3421:
2940:
2932:
1633:
371:
294:
137:
63:
2834:
2709:
Bank, S.; Cumming, R. T.; Li, Y.; Henze, K.; Le Tirant, S. & Bradler, S. (2021)
3329:
3316:
3159:
2914:
2554:
2275:
2121:
1439:
1164:
1093:
679:
608:
359:
197:
3123:
2666:. Insecta mundi. Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc., Gainesville, FL USA. 2018
1386:
3287:
3363:
3296:
3193:
3103:
3002:
2989:
2871:
1943:
1475:
1380:
957:
468:
127:
2607:
2556:
Over the Edge of the World: Magellan's
Terrifying Circumnavigation of the Globe
855:
Relationships of the Phylliidae genera after examining females from 27 species
3025:
2839:
2498:
1939:
1858:
298:
237:
217:
209:
3094:
2710:
2696:
2643:
1340:
Relationships of the Phylliidae genera after examining males from 28 species
3012:
2902:
2890:
2787:
1866:
1703:
1362:
378:
278:
107:
87:
2806:
281:
as the fleet hauled ashore for repairs. During this time he documented the
17:
3133:
2823:
3281:
3088:
2908:
2694:
Cumming, R. T.; Thurman, J. H.; Youngdale, S. & Le Tirant, S. (2020)
1707:
1691:
1231:
746:
1563:
1392:
213:
49:
3368:
3198:
2255:(Cumming, Le Tirant, Teemsma, Hennemann, Willemse & BĂĽscher, 2020)
2966:
2958:
2896:
2884:
274:
117:
97:
39:
3355:
3185:
3065:
2332:
Cumming, Le Tirant, Teemsma, Hennemann, Willemse & BĂĽscher, 2020
2183:
2000:
1862:
1671:
1479:
327:
302:
270:
242:
1870:
322:
since 2003. This classification is not confirmed by more recent
290:
3069:
2843:
2413:
306:
3342:
3172:
2761:
Wedmann, Sonja; Bradler, Sven; Rust, Jens (9 January 2007).
2594:
Cumming, R. T.; Le Tirant, S. & BĂĽscher, T. H. (2021)
2524:
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington
3271:
3078:
3011:
2988:
2979:
2957:
2931:
2749:
Phasmida Species File (Version 5.0/5.0): Phylliidae
2138:(Cumming, Thurman, Youngdale & Le Tirant, 2020)
318:The subfamily Phylliinae has been divided into two
2553:
2127:Cumming, Thurman, Youngdale & Le Tirant, 2020
2685:, Faunitaxys, 7(4), Saint-Etienne, 2019: 1 – 25.
2767:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2724:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2283:(Southern Indonesia, New Guinea, NE Australia)
287:
179:
216:in the entire animal kingdom. They occur from
2855:
2583:The First Voyage Round the World, by Magellan
2412:Several species have gained in popularity as
8:
208:, which include some of the most remarkably
3066:
2985:
2954:
2928:
2924:
2862:
2848:
2840:
2728:Cumming, R. T. & Le Tirant, S. (2022)
1522:(Cumming, Le Tirant & Hennemann, 2019)
383:
326:investigations. In addition to the fossil
269:expedition, he studied and chronicled the
48:
31:
2796:
2786:
2193:, female from the collection of D. Größer
2010:, female from the collection of D. Größer
2585:. New York: Burt Franklin, n.d. 35-163.
2510:
1827:(Rehn, J.A.G. & Rehn, J.W.H., 1934)
1489:, male from the collection of D. Größer
2312:Cumming, Le Tirant & Teemsma, 2018
1997:Cumming, Le Tirant & BĂĽscher, 2021
297:, but not so long; they have the leaf
289:In this island are also found certain
2747:; BĂĽscher, T. H. & Baker, E. W.:
1683:The Children's Museum of Indianapolis
347:in 1898, has been distinguished from
7:
2675:Cumming, R. T.; Le Tirant, S. &
285:species with the following passage:
2600:gen. nov. (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)
2518:Bradley, J.C.; Galil, B.S. (1977).
1532:(van de Kamp & Hennemann, 2014)
1252:
1223:
1194:
1063:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
901:
894:
887:
880:
872:
776:
716:
709:
583:
576:
547:
540:
533:
443:
436:
412:
405:
397:
1354:lists the following genera in two
25:
3438:Taxa named by Ludwig Redtenbacher
2822:
2732:, ZooKeys 1110: 151–200 (2022),
2496:A 47-million-year-old fossil of
1235:
1206:
1168:
1137:
1097:
1075:
1046:
987:
913:
750:
728:
683:
643:
612:
559:
498:
74:
2835:Phasmid Study Group: Phylliidae
1681:in the permanent collection of
1556:, Le Tirant, Dong, Soner &
253:species) in Pakke Tiger Reserve
2734:doi:10.3897/zookeys.1110.80808
2148:(Brock & Hasenpusch, 2002)
1823:Pseudomicrophyllium pusillulum
1808:(Northern Philippine Islands)
1352:Phasmida Species File (V. 5.0)
1:
3402:Phasmida Species File (old):
3258:Phasmida Species File (old):
2602:, ZooKeys 1055: 1–41 (2021),
2212:Cumming & Le Tirant, 2022
2111:Cumming & Le Tirant, 2022
2073:Cumming & Le Tirant, 2022
1936:Cumming & Le Tirant, 2022
1902:Pulchriphyllium pulchrifolium
1835:Pseudomicrophyllium faulkneri
2637:; Dong, Z.; Sonet, G. &
2053:Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense
2007:Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense
2552:Bergreen, Laurence (2003).
2318:Nanophyllium chitoniscoides
2251:Acentetaphyllium miyashitai
2219:Acentetaphyllium brevipenne
2107:Vaabonbonphyllium rafidahae
2084:Vaabonbonphyllium groesseri
1764:Cumming & Teemsma, 2018
366:Since 2021, in addition to
166:Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
152:Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
3454:
2751:, (accessdate 7 July 2022)
2647:ZooKeys 1018: 1–179 (2021)
2608:10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796
2479:Pulchriphyllium bioculatum
2292:Zompro & Grösser, 2003
2199:Zompro & Grösser, 2003
2017:Trolicaphyllium brachysoma
1880:Pulchriphyllium bioculatum
1813:Pseudomicrophyllium geryon
866:Cladogram of Phylliidae ♂
391:Cladogram of Phylliidae ♀
314:Tribes, genera and species
2953:
2927:
2923:
2879:
2485:Pulchriphyllium giganteum
2425:Cryptophyllium westwoodii
2390:Brock & Grösser, 2008
2352:Brock & Grösser, 2008
2308:Nanophyllium australianum
2241:Acentetaphyllium larssoni
1977:Pulchriphyllium schultzei
1891:Pulchriphyllium giganteum
1678:Pulchriphyllium giganteum
1657:Microphyllium spinithorax
1609:Cryptophyllium westwoodii
1274:
1257:
1250:
1228:
1221:
1199:
1192:
1161:
1130:
1090:
1068:
1061:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
1011:
980:
954:
928:
906:
899:
892:
885:
878:
798:
781:
774:
743:
721:
714:
707:
676:
636:
605:
588:
581:
574:
552:
545:
538:
531:
491:
465:
448:
441:
434:
417:
410:
403:
176:
171:
71:Scientific classification
69:
56:
47:
34:
2660:& Valero, P. (2018)
2541:Hidden Beauty (Archived)
2419:Cryptophyllium celebicum
2348:Nanophyllium hasenpuschi
2261:Acentetaphyllium stellae
1583:Cryptophyllium celebicum
1573:Cryptophyllium athanysus
3046:(striped walkingsticks)
2788:10.1073/pnas.0606937104
2461:Phyllium philippinicum
1496:Comptaphyllium caudatum
1486:Comptaphyllium caudatum
1427:Chitoniscus lobiventris
2499:Eophyllium messelensis
2338:Nanophyllium frondosum
2298:Nanophyllium asekiense
2194:
2190:Nanophyllium asekiense
2144:Walaphyllium monteithi
2043:Trolicaphyllium erosus
2011:
1961:Rakaphyllium schultzei
1918:Phyllium pulchrifolium
1730:Phyllium hausleithneri
1706:, Philippine Islands,
1685:
1647:Microphyllium haskelli
1528:Comptaphyllium riedeli
1490:
1400:Chitoniscus feejeeanus
311:
254:
236:Leaf insects are well
27:Family of leaf insects
3246:Paleobiology Database
2372:Nanophyllium pygmaeum
2187:
2134:Walaphyllium lelantos
2004:
1951:Rakaphyllium exsectum
1675:
1518:Comptaphyllium regina
1483:
1371:Brunner von Wattenwyl
246:
3428:Phasmatodea families
2831:at Wikimedia Commons
2700:ZooKeys 939:5 (2020)
2443:Phyllium siccifolium
2396:Nanophyllium suzukii
2358:Nanophyllium keyicum
2342:(Redtenbacher, 1906)
2231:Phyllium brevipennis
2154:Walaphyllium zomproi
2047:(Redtenbacher, 1906)
1770:Phyllium siccifolium
1500:(Redtenbacher, 1906)
2779:2007PNAS..104..565W
2473:Phyllium tobeloense
2386:Nanophyllium rentzi
2328:Nanophyllium daphne
2033:Phyllium brachysoma
1896:Hausleithner, 1984)
1801:Pseudomicrophyllium
1786:Gryllus siccifolius
1445:Phyllium lobiventre
1414:Chitoniscus lobipes
1278:Pseudomicrophyllium
802:Pseudomicrophyllium
3044:Pseudophasmatidae
2560:. William Morrow.
2455:Phyllium monteithi
2449:Phyllium letiranti
2437:Phyllium ericoriai
2431:Phyllium jacobsoni
2376:Redtenbacher, 1906
2288:Nanophyllium adisi
2281:Redtenbacher, 1906
2195:
2097:Phyllium groesseri
2012:
1875:Selected species:
1817:(Gray, G.R., 1843)
1760:Phyllium letiranti
1743:Phyllium jacobsoni
1717:Phyllium bilobatum
1712:Selected species:
1686:
1640:Philippine Islands
1599:Phyllium celebicum
1568:Selected species:
1491:
1468:, Le Tirant &
324:molecular genetics
267:circumnavigational
263:Ferdinand Magellan
255:
192:(often misspelled
3415:
3414:
3390:Open Tree of Life
3233:Open Tree of Life
3072:Taxon identifiers
3063:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3047:
3039:
2975:
2974:
2949:
2948:
2827:Media related to
2068:Vaabonbonphyllium
1885:Gray, G.R., 1832)
1508:Phyllium caudatum
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1307:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1181:
1180:
1150:
1149:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1000:
999:
969:
968:
943:
942:
932:Vaabonbonphyllium
859:
858:
849:
848:
840:
839:
831:
830:
822:
821:
813:
812:
763:
762:
696:
695:
665:
664:
656:
655:
625:
624:
520:
519:
511:
510:
480:
479:
452:Vaabonbonphyllium
351:since 1898. With
259:Antonio Pigafetta
186:
185:
167:
153:
16:(Redirected from
3445:
3408:
3407:
3398:
3397:
3385:
3384:
3372:
3371:
3359:
3358:
3346:
3345:
3333:
3332:
3320:
3319:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3264:
3263:
3254:
3253:
3241:
3240:
3228:
3227:
3215:
3214:
3202:
3201:
3189:
3188:
3176:
3175:
3163:
3162:
3150:
3149:
3137:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3067:
3045:
3037:
3021:Aschiphasmatidae
2986:
2955:
2929:
2925:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2841:
2826:
2811:
2810:
2800:
2790:
2758:
2752:
2742:
2736:
2726:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2692:
2686:
2673:
2667:
2656:Cumming, R. T.;
2654:
2648:
2616:
2610:
2592:
2586:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2559:
2549:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2515:
2401:
2391:
2377:
2367:
2353:
2343:
2333:
2323:
2313:
2303:
2293:
2282:
2266:
2256:
2246:
2235:
2224:
2213:
2207:Acentetaphyllium
2200:
2170:
2166:Phyllium zomproi
2159:
2149:
2139:
2128:
2112:
2101:
2090:
2075:(New Guinea and
2074:
2058:
2048:
2037:
2026:
1998:
1981:
1970:
1956:
1937:
1922:
1911:
1897:
1886:
1856:
1839:
1828:
1818:
1807:
1790:
1779:
1765:
1755:
1738:
1725:
1701:
1662:
1652:
1637:
1618:
1603:
1592:
1578:
1561:
1533:
1523:
1512:
1501:
1473:
1449:
1436:
1422:
1409:
1390:
1374:
1253:
1239:
1224:
1210:
1195:
1172:
1141:
1101:
1079:
1072:Acentetaphyllium
1064:
1050:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
991:
917:
902:
895:
888:
881:
873:
863:
862:
777:
754:
732:
717:
710:
687:
647:
616:
592:Acentetaphyllium
584:
577:
563:
548:
541:
534:
502:
444:
437:
413:
406:
398:
388:
387:
384:
345:Achille Griffini
214:mimics (mimesis)
165:
151:
79:
78:
52:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3403:
3401:
3393:
3388:
3380:
3375:
3367:
3362:
3354:
3349:
3341:
3336:
3328:
3323:
3315:
3310:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3267:
3259:
3257:
3249:
3244:
3236:
3231:
3223:
3218:
3210:
3205:
3197:
3192:
3184:
3179:
3171:
3166:
3158:
3153:
3145:
3140:
3132:
3130:
3122:
3117:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3074:
3064:
3051:
3007:
2998:Diapheromeridae
2981:Verophasmatodea
2971:
2945:
2919:
2875:
2868:
2819:
2814:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2743:
2739:
2727:
2716:
2708:
2704:
2693:
2689:
2677:Hennemann F. H.
2674:
2670:
2655:
2651:
2617:
2613:
2598:Trolicaphyllium
2593:
2589:
2579:
2575:
2568:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2535:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2494:
2492:Extinct species
2467:Phyllium rubrum
2410:
2400:(Grösser, 2008)
2399:
2389:
2375:
2361:
2351:
2341:
2331:
2322:(Grösser, 1992)
2321:
2311:
2301:
2291:
2280:
2265:(Cumming, 2016)
2264:
2254:
2245:(Cumming, 2017)
2244:
2233:
2223:(Grösser, 1992)
2222:
2211:
2198:
2182:
2168:
2158:(Grösser, 2001)
2157:
2147:
2137:
2126:
2110:
2099:
2088:
2077:Solomon Islands
2072:
2056:
2046:
2035:
2020:
1996:
1992:Trolicaphyllium
1979:
1964:
1954:
1935:
1920:
1905:
1895:
1884:
1874:
1854:
1850:Pulchriphyllium
1837:
1826:
1816:
1805:
1788:
1773:
1763:
1746:
1733:
1720:
1711:
1710:, Australasia).
1696:
1660:
1650:
1632:
1612:
1601:
1586:
1576:
1567:
1548:Cumming, Bank,
1547:
1531:
1521:
1510:
1499:
1464:
1447:
1430:
1417:
1403:
1385:
1369:
1366:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1182:
1151:
1134:Trolicaphyllium
1120:
1111:
1001:
984:Pulchriphyllium
970:
944:
850:
841:
832:
823:
814:
764:
697:
666:
657:
640:Trolicaphyllium
626:
521:
512:
495:Pulchriphyllium
481:
340:Pulchriphyllium
337:, the subgenus
316:
250:Pulchriphyllium
234:
232:Characteristics
196:) contains the
164:
150:
73:
59:Pulchriphyllium
43:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3451:
3449:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3420:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3399:
3386:
3373:
3360:
3347:
3334:
3321:
3308:
3293:
3277:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3255:
3242:
3229:
3216:
3203:
3190:
3177:
3164:
3151:
3138:
3128:
3115:
3100:
3084:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3038:(leaf insects)
3033:
3031:Heteronemiidae
3028:
3023:
3017:
3015:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2818:
2817:External links
2815:
2813:
2812:
2753:
2737:
2714:
2702:
2687:
2668:
2658:Teemsma, S. N.
2649:
2619:Cumming, R. T.
2611:
2587:
2573:
2566:
2544:
2533:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2493:
2490:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2392:
2382:
2368:
2354:
2344:
2334:
2324:
2314:
2304:
2294:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2257:
2247:
2237:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2150:
2140:
2129:(Australasia)
2116:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2103:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2057:Grösser, 2008)
2049:
2039:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1957:
1955:(Zompro, 2001)
1927:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1898:
1887:
1869:, continental
1855:Griffini, 1898
1844:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1819:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1766:
1756:
1739:
1726:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1653:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1605:
1579:
1577:Westwood, 1859
1543:Cryptophyllium
1537:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1524:
1514:
1460:Comptaphyllium
1454:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1423:
1410:
1365:
1360:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1256:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1203:Cryptophyllium
1198:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1043:Comptaphyllium
1038:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
997:
994:
993:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
967:
966:
963:
962:
953:
950:
949:
946:
945:
941:
940:
937:
936:
927:
924:
923:
920:
919:
905:
900:
898:
893:
891:
886:
884:
879:
877:
871:
868:
867:
860:
857:
856:
852:
851:
847:
846:
843:
842:
838:
837:
834:
833:
829:
828:
825:
824:
820:
819:
816:
815:
811:
810:
807:
806:
797:
794:
793:
790:
789:
780:
775:
773:
770:
769:
766:
765:
761:
760:
757:
756:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
725:Cryptophyllium
720:
715:
713:
708:
706:
703:
702:
699:
698:
694:
693:
690:
689:
675:
672:
671:
668:
667:
663:
662:
659:
658:
654:
653:
650:
649:
635:
632:
631:
628:
627:
623:
622:
619:
618:
604:
601:
600:
597:
596:
587:
582:
580:
575:
573:
570:
569:
566:
565:
556:Comptaphyllium
551:
546:
544:
539:
537:
532:
530:
527:
526:
523:
522:
518:
517:
514:
513:
509:
508:
505:
504:
490:
487:
486:
483:
482:
478:
477:
474:
473:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:
447:
442:
440:
435:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
416:
411:
409:
404:
402:
396:
393:
392:
354:Comptaphyllium
315:
312:
233:
230:
222:Southeast Asia
206:walking leaves
184:
183:
174:
173:
169:
168:
159:
155:
154:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
67:
66:
54:
53:
45:
44:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3450:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3406:
3400:
3396:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3294:
3289:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3262:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2941:Agathemeridae
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2933:Agathemerodea
2930:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2873:
2865:
2860:
2858:
2853:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2635:Le Tirant, S.
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2574:
2569:
2567:0-06-621173-5
2563:
2558:
2557:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2537:
2534:
2530:(2): 176–208.
2529:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:Grösser, 2002
2300:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2214:(New Guinea)
2210:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2179:Nanophylliini
2177:
2167:
2163:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2089:Zompro, 1998)
2086:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1806:Cumming, 2017
1804:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1666:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1651:Cumming, 2017
1649:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1628:Microphyllium
1624:
1623:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1339:
1338:
1330:
1329:
1321:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1261:Microphyllium
1255:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:
996:
995:
992:
990:
986:
985:
978:
977:
974:
973:
965:
964:
961:
960:
959:
952:
951:
948:
947:
939:
938:
935:
934:
933:
926:
925:
922:
921:
918:
916:
912:
911:
904:
903:
897:
896:
890:
889:
883:
882:
875:
874:
870:
869:
865:
864:
861:
854:
853:
845:
844:
836:
835:
827:
826:
818:
817:
809:
808:
805:
804:
803:
796:
795:
792:
791:
788:
787:
786:
785:Microphyllium
779:
778:
772:
771:
768:
767:
759:
758:
755:
753:
749:
748:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
731:
727:
726:
719:
718:
712:
711:
705:
704:
701:
700:
692:
691:
688:
686:
682:
681:
674:
673:
670:
669:
661:
660:
652:
651:
648:
646:
642:
641:
634:
633:
630:
629:
621:
620:
617:
615:
611:
610:
603:
602:
599:
598:
595:
594:
593:
586:
585:
579:
578:
572:
571:
568:
567:
564:
562:
558:
557:
550:
549:
543:
542:
536:
535:
529:
528:
525:
524:
516:
515:
507:
506:
503:
501:
497:
496:
489:
488:
485:
484:
476:
475:
472:
471:
470:
463:
462:
459:
458:
455:
454:
453:
446:
445:
439:
438:
432:
431:
428:
427:
424:
423:
422:
415:
414:
408:
407:
400:
399:
395:
394:
390:
389:
386:
385:
382:
380:
376:
373:
369:
368:morphological
364:
362:
361:
356:
355:
350:
346:
342:
341:
336:
332:
329:
325:
321:
313:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
295:mulberry tree
292:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
252:
251:
247:Leaf insect (
245:
241:
239:
231:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
182:
181:
175:
170:
163:
160:
157:
156:
149:
146:
144:Superfamily:
143:
142:
139:
138:Euphasmatodea
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
77:
72:
68:
65:
64:Western Ghats
61:
60:
55:
51:
46:
41:
33:
30:
19:
3272:
3079:
3035:
2915:Orthopterida
2913:Superorder:
2907:Infraclass:
2773:(2): 565–9.
2770:
2766:
2756:
2745:Brock, P. D.
2740:
2729:
2705:
2695:
2690:
2680:
2671:
2661:
2652:
2642:
2627:Bresseel, J.
2614:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2582:
2576:
2555:
2547:
2536:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2497:
2495:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2394:
2384:
2380:type species
2379:
2370:
2356:
2346:
2336:
2326:
2316:
2306:
2296:
2286:
2276:Nanophyllium
2274:
2273:
2259:
2249:
2239:
2230:
2227:type species
2226:
2217:
2205:
2204:
2196:
2188:
2165:
2162:type species
2161:
2152:
2142:
2132:
2122:Walaphyllium
2120:
2119:
2105:
2096:
2093:type species
2092:
2082:
2066:
2065:
2051:
2041:
2032:
2029:type species
2028:
2015:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1976:
1973:type species
1972:
1959:
1949:
1932:Rakaphyllium
1930:
1917:
1914:type species
1913:
1900:
1889:
1878:
1848:
1847:
1834:
1831:type species
1830:
1821:
1811:
1799:
1798:
1785:
1782:type species
1781:
1768:
1758:
1752:Rehn, J.W.H.
1748:Rehn, J.A.G.
1741:
1728:
1715:
1690:
1689:
1676:
1665:type species
1664:
1661:Zompro, 2001
1655:
1645:
1626:
1625:
1607:
1598:
1595:type species
1594:
1581:
1571:
1541:
1540:
1526:
1516:
1511:Redtenbacher
1507:
1504:type species
1503:
1494:
1484:
1458:
1457:
1444:
1440:type species
1438:
1425:
1419:Redtenbacher
1412:
1398:
1379:
1378:
1367:
1351:
1349:
1276:
1275:
1259:
1258:
1230:
1229:
1201:
1200:
1165:Walaphyllium
1163:
1162:
1132:
1131:
1094:Nanophyllium
1092:
1091:
1070:
1069:
1041:
1040:
982:
981:
956:
955:
930:
929:
910:Rakaphyllium
908:
907:
800:
799:
783:
782:
745:
744:
723:
722:
680:Walaphyllium
678:
677:
638:
637:
609:Nanophyllium
607:
606:
590:
589:
554:
553:
493:
492:
467:
466:
450:
449:
421:Rakaphyllium
419:
418:
377:
365:
360:Walaphyllium
358:
352:
348:
343:, set up by
338:
334:
330:
317:
288:
282:
257:The scholar
256:
248:
235:
205:
202:leaf insects
201:
193:
189:
187:
177:
161:
147:
57:
35:Leaf insects
29:
3364:iNaturalist
3317:Phyllioidea
3303:Phyllioidea
3297:Wikispecies
3273:Phyllioidea
3194:iNaturalist
3104:Wikispecies
3036:Phylliidae
3003:Phasmatidae
2990:Anareolatae
2967:Timematidae
2959:Timematodea
2872:Phasmatodea
2639:Bradler, S.
2631:Constant, J
1944:Ayu Islands
1602:Haan, W. de
1476:Australasia
1381:Chitoniscus
958:Chitoniscus
876:Phylliidae
469:Chitoniscus
401:Phylliidae
238:camouflaged
210:camouflaged
188:The family
148:Phyllioidea
128:Phasmatodea
18:Leaf insect
3433:Phylliidae
3422:Categories
3124:Phylliidae
3110:Phylliidae
3080:Phylliidae
3026:Bacillidae
2901:Subclass:
2891:Arthropoda
2829:Phylliidae
2506:References
2416:including
1980:Giglio-Tos
1967:Giglio-Tos
1940:New Guinea
1865:, Western
1859:Seychelles
1722:Gray, G.R.
1638:(Northern
1615:Wood-Mason
379:Cladograms
331:Eophyllium
218:South Asia
190:Phylliidae
162:Phylliidae
134:Suborder:
108:Arthropoda
3288:Q15240868
3013:Areolatae
2903:Pterygota
2883:Kingdom:
2408:Captivity
1999:(Pacific)
1867:Indonesia
1704:Sundaland
1470:Hennemann
1448:Blanchard
1433:Blanchard
1363:Phylliini
372:phylogeny
279:Cimbonbon
226:Australia
194:Phyllidae
94:Kingdom:
88:Eukaryota
62:from the
3282:Wikidata
3131:BioLib:
3089:Wikidata
2909:Neoptera
2889:Phylum:
2885:Animalia
2874:families
2807:17197423
2623:Bank, S.
1921:Serville
1908:Serville
1789:Linnaeus
1776:Linnaeus
1708:Wallacea
1692:Phyllium
1554:Constant
1550:Bresseel
1406:Westwood
1232:Phyllium
747:Phyllium
349:Phyllium
335:Phyllium
283:Phyllium
220:through
158:Family:
104:Phylum:
98:Animalia
84:Domain:
42:- Recent
3405:1200438
3261:1200439
3095:Q282198
2897:Insecta
2895:Class:
2870:Extant
2798:1766425
2775:Bibcode
2679:(2019)
2366:, 1914)
2234:Grösser
2169:Grösser
2025:, 1898)
1969:, 1912)
1910:, 1838)
1838:Cumming
1778:, 1758)
1698:Illiger
1617:, 1875)
1591:, 1842)
1589:De Haan
1564:SE Asia
1558:Bradler
1466:Cumming
1435:, 1853)
1408:, 1864)
1393:Pacific
273:on the
172:Genera
124:Order:
118:Insecta
114:Class:
3395:392273
3382:213548
3369:121496
3251:192769
3238:277529
3212:100723
3199:121497
3147:173324
3134:142343
2805:
2795:
2564:
2197:Auth.
2100:Zompro
1754:, 1934
1750:&
1737:, 1999
1724:, 1843
1700:, 1798
1636:, 2001
1634:Zompro
1560:, 2021
1472:, 2019
1421:, 1906
1389:, 1875
1373:, 1893
1368:Auth.
1356:tribes
320:tribes
275:island
198:extant
40:Eocene
3330:8NKJ7
3225:58555
3207:IRMNG
3160:8NKPB
2364:Karny
2036:Sharp
2023:Sharp
1863:India
1735:Brock
328:genus
303:blood
299:stalk
291:trees
271:fauna
212:leaf
200:true
3377:NCBI
3356:1685
3351:GBIF
3220:NCBI
3186:9461
3181:GBIF
3142:BOLD
2803:PMID
2562:ISBN
2482:and
2414:pets
2229:(as
2164:(as
2095:(as
2031:(as
1975:(as
1942:and
1916:(as
1871:Asia
1833:(as
1784:(as
1597:(as
1506:(as
1443:(as
1387:StĂĄl
1350:The
357:and
180:text
178:see
3343:653
3338:EoL
3325:CoL
3312:AFD
3173:654
3168:EoL
3155:CoL
3119:AFD
2793:PMC
2783:doi
2771:104
2604:doi
307:air
277:of
265:'s
224:to
204:or
3424::
3392::
3379::
3366::
3353::
3340::
3327::
3314::
3299::
3284::
3248::
3235::
3222::
3209::
3196::
3183::
3170::
3157::
3144::
3121::
3106::
3091::
2801:.
2791:.
2781:.
2769:.
2765:.
2717:^
2641::
2633:;
2629:;
2625:;
2621:;
2528:79
2526:.
2522:.
2488:.
2476:,
2470:,
2464:,
2458:,
2452:,
2446:,
2440:,
2434:,
2428:,
2422:,
2378:–
2225:–
2160:-
2091:–
2079:)
2027:-
1971:–
1946:)
1912:-
1861:,
1829:-
1780:-
1663:-
1642:)
1593:-
1566:).
1552:,
1502:-
1478:)
1437:-
1395:)
1358::
2863:e
2856:t
2849:v
2809:.
2785::
2777::
2606::
2570:.
2362:(
2236:)
2171:)
2102:)
2087:(
2038:)
2021:(
1982:)
1965:(
1938:(
1923:)
1906:(
1894:(
1883:(
1873:)
1857:(
1840:)
1791:)
1774:(
1702:(
1613:(
1604:)
1587:(
1562:(
1513:)
1474:(
1450:)
1431:(
1404:(
1391:(
309:.
20:)
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