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When we reached land, those men had formed in three divisions to the number of more than one thousand five hundred persons. When they saw us, they charged down upon us with exceeding loud cries.... The musketeers and crossbowmen shot from a distance for about a half-hour, but uselessly; for the shots only passed through the shields.... Recognizing the captain, so many turned upon him that they knocked his helmet off his head twice.... An Indian hurled a bamboo spear into the captain's face, but the latter immediately killed him with his lance, which he left in the Indian's body. Then, trying to lay hand on sword, he could draw it out but halfway, because he had been wounded in the arm with a bamboo spear. When the natives saw that, they all hurled themselves upon him. One of them wounded him on the left leg with a large cutlass, which resembles a scimitar, only being larger. That caused the captain to fall face downward, when immediately they rushed upon him with iron and bamboo spears and with their cutlasses, until they killed our mirror, our light, our comfort, and our true guide.
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478:. The accusations were proven false, but he received no further offers of employment after 15 May 1514. Later in 1515, he was offered employment as a crew member on a Portuguese ship, but rejected this. In 1517, after a quarrel with Manuel I of Portugal, who denied his persistent requests to lead an expedition to reach the Spice Islands from the east (i.e., while sailing westwards, thus avoiding the need to sail around the tip of Africa), he left for Spain. In
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1040:, inviting him to bring two guests. He brought sailors Francisco Albo and Hernándo de Bustamante, pointedly not including Antonio Pigafetta, the expedition's chronicler. Under questioning by Valladolid's mayor, the men claimed that Magellan refused to follow the king's orders (and gave this as the cause for the mutiny at Saint Julian), and that he unfairly favoured his relatives among the crew, and disfavoured the Spanish captains.
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702:, deserted the fleet, returning east to Spain. The fleet reached the Pacific by the end of November 1520. Based on the incomplete understanding of world geography at the time, Magellan expected a short journey to Asia, perhaps taking as little as three or four days. In fact, the Pacific crossing took three months and twenty days. The long journey exhausted their supply of food and water, and around 30 men died, mostly of
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679:. Magellan barely managed to quell the mutiny, despite at one point losing control of three of his five ships to the mutineers. Mendoza was killed during the conflict, and Magellan sentenced Quesada and Cartagena to being beheaded and marooned, respectively. Lower-level conspirators were made to do hard labor in chains over the winter, but were later freed.
654:. Magellan and the crew stayed onshore for two weeks, replenishing their provisions and peacefully interacting with the locals. Despite the pleasantries, the first fatal casualty of the expedition occurred. Two months earlier, during the Atlantic crossing, a member of the crew, Antonio Salomon, was caught raping a cabin boy. Tried and found guilty, he was
1060:) around 1524. Scholars have come to view Pigafetta's diary as the most thorough and reliable account of the circumnavigation, and its publication helped to eventually counter the misinformation spread by Elcano and the other surviving mutineers. In an often-cited passage following his description of Magellan's death in the Battle of Mactan, Pigafetta
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725:. The Chamorro people may have thought they were participating in a trade exchange (as they had already given the fleet some supplies), but the crew interpreted their actions as theft. Magellan sent a raiding party ashore to retaliate, killing several Chamorro men, burning their houses, and recovering the stolen goods.
1018:, which deserted the fleet in the Strait of Magellan and returned to Seville 6 May 1521. The deserters were put on trial, but eventually exonerated after producing a distorted version of the mutiny at Saint Julian, and depicting Magellan as disloyal to the king. The expedition was assumed to have perished. The
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Even though
Magellan did not survive the trip, he has received more recognition for the expedition than Elcano has. Since Magellan was the one who began it, Portugal wanted to recognize a Portuguese explorer, although Spain wanted to recognize the role of Elcano and the funding of the Spanish King in
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on the shorelines of the kingdom. Magellan set about converting the locals, including the king and his wife, Queen
Humamay, to Christianity. Rajah Humabon was renamed "Carlos" and Queen Humamay was renamed "Juana" after the king and queen of Spain. After her baptism, the queen asked the Spaniards for
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Magellan's fleet consisted of five ships carrying supplies for two years of travel. The crew consisted of about 270 men of different origins, though the numbers may vary downwards among scholars based on contradicting data from the many documents available. About 60 percent of the crew were
Spaniards
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and Duarte
Barbosa (with a series of other officers later leading). The fleet left the Philippines (following a bloody betrayal by former ally Rajah Humabon, who had poisoned many Spanish soldiers on a banquet ruse on the night after the battle for being easily defeated by Lapulapu and the people of
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with them. Magellan and his men insisted that they did not need to pay tribute as they were sent by the king of Spain, "the most powerful king in the world", and that they were willing to give peace to them if they wanted peace and war if they wanted war. Humabon then decided not to ask for any more
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King Manuel saw all of this as an insult and did everything in his power to disrupt
Magellan's arrangements for the voyage. The Portuguese king allegedly ordered that Magellan's properties be vandalized as it was the coat of arms of the Magellan displayed at the family house's façade in Sabrosa, his
1006:
In the immediate aftermath of the circumnavigation, few celebrated
Magellan for his accomplishments, and he was widely discredited and reviled in Spain and his native Portugal. In Portugal, some regarded Magellan as a traitor for having sailed for Spain. In Spain, Magellan's reputation suffered due
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When morning came forty-nine of us leaped into the water up to our thighs, and walked through water for more than two crossbow flights before we could reach the shore. The boats could not approach nearer because of certain rocks in the water. The other eleven men remained behind to guard the boats.
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Magellan's main virtues were courage and perseverance, in even the most difficult situations; for example he bore hunger and fatigue better than all the rest of us. He was a magnificent practical seaman, who understood navigation better than all his pilots. The best proof of his genius is that he
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One of the few survivors loyal to
Magellan was Antonio Pigafetta. Though not invited to testify with Elcano, Pigafetta made his own way to Valladolid and presented Charles with a hand-written copy of his notes from the journey. He would later travel through Europe giving copies to other royals
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Nothing of
Magellan's body survived; that afternoon the grieving rajah-king, hoping to recover his remains, offered Mactan's victorious chief a handsome ransom of copper and iron for them, but Datu Lapulapu refused. He intended to keep the body as a war trophy. Since his wife and child died in
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The
Spaniards went to the island of Mactan just as Rajah Humabon told them to. However, they did not initially come by force and wanted to Christianize them. Unlike the people of Cebu who accepted the new religion readily, the King of Mactan, Datu Lapulapu, and the rest of the island of Mactan
694:, was lost in a storm while surveying nearby waters, though no men were killed. Following the winter, the fleet resumed their search for a passage to the Pacific in October 1520. Three days later, they found a bay which eventually led them to a strait, now known as the
935:, the leader of Mactan, resisted conversion. In order to gain the trust of Rajah Humabon, Magellan sailed to Mactan with a small force on the morning of 27 April 1521. During the resulting battle against Lapulapu's troops, Magellan was struck by a "bamboo" spear (
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to "prove" that the islands were so far east that they would fall within the
Spanish sphere of influence if the world were truly to be divided in half. (The details of the eastern division implicit in the Tordesillas treaty would later be formalized in the 1529
428:, his friend and possibly cousin. In September, after arriving at Malacca, the expedition fell victim to a conspiracy and ended in retreat. Magellan had a crucial role, warning Sequeira and risking his life to rescue Francisco Serrão and others who had landed.
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he befriended his countryman Diogo Barbosa and soon married the daughter of Diogo's second wife, Maria Caldera Beatriz Barbosa. They had two children: Rodrigo de Magallanes and Carlos de Magallanes, both of whom died at a young age. His wife died in
618:. Portuguese and Italian followed with 28 and 27 seamen respectively, while mariners from France (15), Greece (8), Flanders (5), Germany (3), Ireland (2), England and Malaysia (one each) and other people of unidentified origin completed the crew.
1093:", and even "the most important maritime voyage ever undertaken". Appreciation of Magellan's accomplishments may have been enhanced over time by the failure of subsequent expeditions which attempted to retrace his route, beginning with the
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in Southeast Asia on previous voyages traveling east (from 1505 to 1511–1512). By visiting this area again but now traveling west, Magellan achieved a nearly complete personal circumnavigation of the globe for the first time in history.
2564:, edited by Texeira de Carvalho e Lopes (4 vols., Coimbra, 1926; originally published 1556), IV, 83–84, who considered Magellan "a disgruntled man who planned the voyage for Castile principally to spite the Portuguese sovereign Manuel".
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Mactan and failing to kill Lapulapu) and eventually made their way to the Moluccas in November 1521. Laden with spices, they attempted to set sail for Spain in December, but found that only one of their remaining two ships, the
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1480. His father, Pedro de Magalhães, was a minor member of Portuguese nobility and mayor of the town. His mother was Alda de Mezquita. Magellan's siblings included Diogo de Sousa and Isabel Magellan. He was brought up as a
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two months later on the shore of Guanabara Bay. From there, they sailed south along the coast, searching for a way through or around the continent. After three months of searching (including a false start in the estuary of
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home town, and may have even requested the assassination of the navigator. When Magellan eventually sailed to the open seas in August 1519, a Portuguese fleet was sent after him, though it failed to capture him.
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in September 1522 were also largely unfavourable to Magellan. Many, including the captain, Juan Sebastián Elcano, had participated in the mutiny at Saint Julian. On the ship's return, Charles summoned Elcano to
306:, commanded by Elcano, sailed west across the Indian Ocean and north along the Atlantic coast of Africa, finally returning to Spain in September 1522 and achieving the first complete circuit of the globe.
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The Boxer Codex Transcription and Translation of an Illustrated Late Sixteenth-Century Spanish Manuscript Concerning the Geography, History and Ethnography of the Pacific, South-East and East Asia
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After several weeks in the Philippines, Magellan had converted as many as 2,200 locals to Christianity, including Rajah Humabon of Cebu and most leaders of the islands around Cebu. However,
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787:("Calagan"). The rulers were on a hunting expedition on Limasawa. They received Magellan as their guest and told him of their customs and of the regions they controlled in northeastern
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791:. The tattooed rulers and the locals also wore and used a great amount of golden jewelry and golden artifacts, which piqued Magellan's interest. On 31 March, Magellan's crew held the
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Magellan's voyages; the double line represents Magellan's trip from Portugal to the Moluccas. The single line traces his long, continuous voyage from Spain to the Philippines.
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in Africa. Magellan instead proposed to seek a southwestern passage around South America to reach the Spice Islands by a western route, a feat never before accomplished.
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withheld Magellan's salary from his wife, Beatriz, "considering the outcome of the voyage", and she was placed under house arrest with their young son on the orders of
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828:), which she was drawn to, and begged them for the image in contrition, amidst her tears. Magellan then gave the image of the Child Jesus, along with an image of the
1539:
255:, Magellan was appointed an admiral of the Spanish fleet and given command of the expedition—the five-ship "Armada of Molucca." He was also made a Commander of the
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902:, finally returned to Spain by 6 September 1522, completing the circumnavigation. Of the 270 men who left with the expedition, only 18 or 19 survivors returned.
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Seville before any member of the expedition could return to Spain, it seemed that every evidence of Ferdinand Magellan's existence had vanished from the earth.
740:("Humunu"), where they would remain for a week while their sick crew members recuperated. Magellan befriended the tattooed locals of the neighboring island of
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natives, having already engaged with Portuguese and French loggers, were familiar with Europeans, and the encounter was cordial. In December, they arrived at
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Magellan has come to be renowned for his navigational skill and tenacity. The first circumnavigation has been called "the greatest sea voyage in the
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tribute and welcomed them instead to the Kingdom of Cebu (Sugbo). To mark the arrival of Christianity in the Far East, Magellan then planted a
298:, the expedition finally reached the Spice Islands. The fleet's two remaining ships then split ways, one attempting, unsuccessfully, to reach
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with Magellan in order to cement the allegiance of the Spaniards and the Cebuanos. The king then told the Spaniards to go to the island of
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The fleet left Spain on 20 September 1519, sailing west across the Atlantic toward South America. In late November, they made landfall at
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After taking a leave without permission, Magellan fell out of favour. In mid-1513 he was sent to fight against the Moroccan stronghold of
663:), weather conditions forced the fleet to stop their search to wait out the winter. They found a sheltered natural harbor at the port of
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the expedition. In 2019, the 500th anniversary of the voyage, Spain and Magellan's native Portugal submitted a new joint application to
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667:, and remained there for five months. Shortly after landing at St. Julian, there was a mutiny attempt led by the Spanish captains
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in 1525 (which featured Juan Sebastián Elcano as second-in-command). The next expedition to complete a circumnavigation, led by
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Salonia, Matteo (2022), "Encompassing the Earth: Magellan's Voyage from Its Political Context to Its Expansion of Knowledge",
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1988:"Ferdinand Magellan | Biography, Voyage, Map, Accomplishments, Route, Discoveries, Death, & Facts | Britannica"
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Bergreen, Laurence (2003), Over the Edge of the World: Magellan's Terrifying Circumnavigation of the Globe, William Morrow.
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and there, in August, he sustained a leg wound resulting in a permanent limp. He was accused of trading illegally with the
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698:, which allowed them passage through to the Pacific. While exploring the strait, one of the remaining four ships, the
274:. Despite a series of storms and mutinies, the expedition successfully passed through the Strait of Magellan into the
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further states that Magellan claimed to Charles that his Malaccan or Sumatran slave Enrique had been a native of the
439:. After the conquest their ways parted: Magellan was promoted, with a rich plunder. In the company of a Malay he had
243:, or Spice Islands, by sailing westwards around the American continent. Magellan then proposed the same plan to King
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resisted. On 27 April, Magellan and members of his crew attempted to subdue the Mactan natives by force, but in the
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1562:"Ferdinand Magellan | Biography, Voyage, Map, Accomplishments, Route, Discoveries, Death, & Facts | Britannica"
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744:("Zuluan") and traded goods and supplies and learned of the names of neighboring islands and local customs.
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832:, and a small cross to the queen as a gesture of goodwill for accepting the new faith. The king then had a
467:. His letters to Magellan later proved decisive, giving information about the spice-producing territories.
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A negative evaluation of Magellan by a contemporary Portuguese historian is that given by Damião de Goes,
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377:. Although his name does not appear in the chronicles, it is known that he remained there eight years, in
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2773:"King and Queen of Spain open commemorative exhibition on first circumnavigation by Magellan and Elcano"
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779:, and one of his sons. They went ashore to Limasawa where they met Kulambo's brother, another leader,
251:, he married, fathered two children, and organized the expedition. In 1518, for his allegiance to the
235:, Magellan became a skilled sailor and naval officer in service of the Portuguese Crown in Asia. King
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447:, he returned to Portugal in 1512 or 1513. Serrão departed in the first expedition sent to find the "
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The Cambridge World History: The Construction of a Global World, 1400–1800 CE, Part 1: Foundations
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The original image of Santo Niño de Cebú, an image of the Child Jesus given by Magellan to the
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Fernández-Armesto, Felipe (2022). Straits: Beyond the Myth of Magellan. Bloomsbury Publishing.
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1964:"Between East and West: The Moluccas and the Traffic in Spices up to the Arrival of Europeans"
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to the largely unflattering accounts of his actions given by the survivors of the expedition.
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Zweig, Stefan, "Conqueror of the Seas – The Story of Magellan", pp. 44–45, Read Books, 2007,
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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533:, the sole ship of Magellan's fleet to complete the circumnavigation. Detail from a map by
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Magellan (Francis Guillemard, Antonio Pigafetta, Francisco Albo, Gaspar Correa) Viartis
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Zweig, Stefan, "Conqueror of the Seas – The Story of Magellan", p. 51, Read Books, 2007,
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Castro, Xavier de (dir.); Carmen Bernand; Hamon, Jocelyne et Thomaz, Luiz Filipe (2010).
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An exhibition titled "The Longest Journey: the first circumnavigation" was opened at the
706:. Magellan himself remained healthy, perhaps because of his personal supply of preserved
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southwest across the Atlantic Ocean, to the eastern coast of South America, and south to
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Le voyage de Magellan (1519–1522). La relation d'Antonio Pigafetta et autres témoignages
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The life of Ferdinand Magellan, and the first circumnavigation of the globe, 1480–1521
2383:"Battle of Mactan Marks Start of Organized Filipino Resistance Vs. Foreign Aggression"
2334:"It's Lapulapu: Gov't committee weighs in on correct spelling of Filipino hero's name"
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to honour the circumnavigation route. Commemorations of the circumnavigation include:
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3311:, translated by Carla Rahn Phillips, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press,
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2436:"[Opinion] The anger toward the 'Elcano & Magellan' film is unjustified"
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882:, the Europeans were overpowered and Magellan was killed by Lapulapu and his men.
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2006:
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803:, accompanied by the balangays of Rajah Kulambo and reached its port on 7 April.
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Spain's Men of the Sea: Daily Life on the Indies Fleets in the Sixteenth Century
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Over the Edge of the World: Magellan's Terrifying Circumnavigation of the Globe
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Bentley, Jerry H.; Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E.; Subrahmanyam, Sanjay, eds. (2015),
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3192:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 302–304.
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Producing the Pacific: Maps and Narratives of Spanish Exploration (1567–1606)
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1856:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 302–304.
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in Madrid. It gave prominence to Pigafetta, the chronicler of the expedition.
581:) and became one of his subjects and navigators. Under the terms of the 1494
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Algumas Observações sobre a Naturalidade e a Família de Fernão de Magalhães
1589:"Dire Straits: the story of Ferdinand Magellan's fatal voyage of discovery"
1134:-era US Navy project to circumnavigate the world by submarine), and NASA's
1056:. After returning to his home of Venice, Pigafetta published his diary (as
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2936:(in Portuguese). Coimbra: Biblioteca Genealogica de Lisboa. Archived from
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1126:(two dwarf galaxies visible in the night sky of the southern hemisphere),
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provided written documents of the events culminating in Magellan's death:
585:, Portugal was to control the eastern routes to Asia that went around the
334:, Portugal. In the region, there is a belief that Magellan was born there.
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Granted special powers and privileges by the king, he led the Armada from
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Magellan named the Pacific Ocean (which was sometimes referred to as the
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2116:
721:
who came aboard the ships and took items such as rigging, knives, and a
3929:
3796:
3364:
2440:
1475:
1160:
937:
885:
Following his death, Magellan was initially succeeded by co-commanders
764:
484:
479:
460:
421:
331:
248:
3520:
2795:"Pigafetta: cronista de la primera vuelta al mundo Magallanes Elcano"
1148:
1083:
942:
837:
741:
707:
703:
639:
409:
386:
382:
94:
89:
3356:
3041:"Fernão de Magalhães: Acasos e desgraças da primeira volta ao mundo"
2930:
Noronha, Dom José Manoel de (1921). Imprensa da Universidade (ed.).
2755:"Who First Circled the Globe? Not Magellan, Spain Wants You to Know"
810:, who asked them for tribute as a trade, thinking they were traders
713:
On 6 March 1521, the exhausted fleet made landfall at the island of
2969:"Sabrosa inaugura percurso pedestre dedicado a Fernão de Magalhães"
1616:(in French). Paris: Éditions Chandeigne, collection " Magellane ".
1184:
Pigafetta: cronista de la primera vuelta al mundo Magallanes Elcano
200:
of Earth in history. During the expedition, he also discovered the
1471:
1114:, in his honor, until the 18th century) and lends his name to the
1077:
986:
915:
747:
After resting and resupplying, Magellan sailed on deeper into the
729:
523:
475:
399:
325:
152:
1470:
The exact birth location is disputed. Possible locations include
50:
Ferdinand Magellan, in a 16th- or 17th-century anonymous portrait
855:
800:
736:. They weighed anchor in the small (then uninhabited) island of
714:
490:
Meanwhile, Magellan devoted himself to studying the most recent
283:
3933:
3524:
3143:
Magellan's Voyage around the World: Three Contemporary Accounts
1754:
991:
A 1561 map of America showing Magellan's name for the Pacific,
286:
after an arduous crossing of the Pacific, and then reached the
3410:, vol. V, University Research Extension, pp. 41–57,
3235:
The Columbus and Magellan Concepts of South American Geography
378:
3159:, London: Hakluyt, – six contemporary accounts of his voyage
945:), and later surrounded and finished off with other weapons.
3243:
So Noble a Captain: The Life and Times of Ferdinand Magellan
686:
Ferdinand Magellan and his crew meeting the Bruneian Sultan.
1390:
1384:
1375:
1346:
1340:
1331:
1010:
The first news of the expedition came from the crew of the
224:, and his crew completed the return trip to Spain in 1522.
1381:
1337:
3883:
Elcano & Magellan: The First Voyage Around the World
1188:
Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation
759:("boloto"). After talking with the crew of the boat via
799:("Zubu"), because it was the largest. They set off for
763:(Magellan's slave-interpreter who was originally from
365:
In March 1505, at the age of 25, Magellan enlisted in
3903:
BalikBayan #1: Memories of Overdevelopment, Redux VII
3818:
2021 Quincentennial Commemorations in the Philippines
3494:
Magellan's untimely demise on Cebu in the Philippines
3066:"A viagem de circum-navegação de Fernão de Magalhães"
1402:
1393:
1358:
1349:
2878:
Magellan and the first circumnavigation of the world
2277:
Nowell, C.E. (1962). "Antonio Pigafetta's account".
1387:
1343:
1171:
of Spain. It was scheduled to be transferred to the
1069:
circumnavigated the world, none having preceded him.
1031:
The 18 survivors who eventually returned aboard the
389:. He participated in several battles, including the
4619:
4559:
4498:
4402:
4395:
3972:
3965:
3826:
3768:
3738:
3692:
3685:
3643:
3567:
3343:Schurz, William L. (May 1922), "The Spanish Lake",
1378:
1372:
1334:
1328:
923:, the site of the Battle of Mactan, in present-day
290:. There, in April 1521, Magellan was killed in the
188:explorer best known for having planned and led the
161:
122:
114:
106:
77:
55:
36:
2855:
2486:"Cebuano Weapons Used During the Battle of Mactan"
212:and perform the first European navigation to Asia
2729:"500th Anniversary Of The First Circumnavigation"
2158:
1101:, was not until 58 years after the return of the
690:During the winter, one of the fleet's ships, the
2916:, Camden, Me.: International Marine Publishing,
1466:
1464:
941:, which are actually metal-tipped fire-hardened
239:refused to support Magellan's plan to reach the
21:"Magellan" redirects here. For the railcar, see
2281:. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
2061:"That small superpower where Magellan was born"
1888:A Splendid Exchange: How Trade Shaped the World
969:
957:
751:. On 28 March, they anchored off the island of
459:and became a military advisor to the Sultan of
4808:Portuguese military personnel killed in action
2229:George Bryan Souza, Jeffrey S. Turley (2016).
2088:Magellan and the First Voyage Around the World
1968:Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society,
1743:Bentley, Wiesner-Hanks & Subrahmanyam 2015
3945:
3536:
3500:Expedición Magallanes – Juan Sebastian Elcano
3458:Conqueror of the Seas – The Story of Magellan
3152:The First Voyage Round the World, by Magellan
1274:List of things named after Ferdinand Magellan
728:On 16 March, the fleet sighted the island of
541:After having his proposed expeditions to the
455:, where he remained. He married a woman from
313:'s service, Magellan had already reached the
282:, or Pacific Ocean. The expedition landed at
8:
4798:People from the Spanish colonial Philippines
3489:PBS Secrets of the Dead: Magellan's Crossing
3275:, Berkeley: University of California Press,
3072:(in European Portuguese), 4 September 2019,
2461:
2459:
1540:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
1118:. His name has also since been applied to a
1058:Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo
259:, one of the highest military ranks of the
4399:
3969:
3952:
3938:
3930:
3823:
3689:
3543:
3529:
3521:
3516:Ferdinand Magellan (Bibliotheca Augustana)
2408:"Lapu-Lapu, Magellan and blind patriotism"
2181:"Ferdinand Magellan – Allegiance to Spain"
1284:Chronology of European exploration of Asia
755:("Mazaua") where they encountered a small
435:, Magellan and Serrão participated in the
44:
33:
3415:
3385:
3374:International Journal of Maritime History
3039:Simões, Pedro Olavo (20 September 2019),
2591:
2272:
2270:
2091:, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 39,
2827:"Introduction (Debates and differences)"
2702:
2690:
2678:
2666:
2642:
2630:
2618:
2606:
2536:
2319:
2261:
2216:
2137:
2046:
1778:
1702:"Circumnavigations of the Globe to 1800"
860:
846:
681:
625:
4773:16th century in the Spanish East Indies
3197:Guillemard, Francis Henry Hill (1890),
2654:
2548:
2307:
2204:
2034:
1499:
1460:
1316:
393:in 1506, where he was wounded, and the
144:First documented Pacific Ocean crossing
3219:, New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co,
3002:
2991:
2943:
2562:Crónica do felicissimo rei Dom Emanuel
2484:Monteclar, Arthur Paul (25 May 2021).
1934:
1922:
1813:
1766:
204:, allowing his fleet to pass from the
3461:(2007 reprint ed.), Read Books,
2981:from the original on 21 December 2022
2880:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
2753:Minder, Raphael (20 September 2019).
1730:
1448:
1439:
1422:
983:Reputation following circumnavigation
494:, investigating, in partnership with
7:
3155:, full text, English translation by
3019:"Magellan's last will and testament"
2905:Straits: Beyond the Myth of Magellan
1870:, p. 787, Marshall Cavendish, 2007,
1803:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1755:Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo 2019
1672:Voyages: To the New World and Beyond
806:Magellan met with the King of Cebu,
557:, Magellan proposed his project to
404:Effigy of Ferdinand Magellan in the
358:. In 1495 he entered the service of
302:by sailing east across the Pacific.
4818:Portuguese people with disabilities
4803:Portuguese explorers of the Pacific
3404:"Magellan's Voyage Round the World"
3345:Hispanic American Historical Review
3215:Hildebrand, Arthur Sturges (1924),
2580:Hispanic American Historical Review
2434:Mojarro, Jorge (10 November 2019).
2059:Galván, Javier (7 September 2020).
1294:Military history of the Philippines
420:in the first Portuguese embassy to
147:Leading the main part of the first
3107:Magellan's Voyage around the World
3076:from the original on 31 March 2023
2903:Fernández-Armesto, Felipe (2022).
2469:Magellan's Voyage Around the World
2279:Magellan's Voyage Around the World
1890:, pp. 183–185, Grove Press, 2009,
767:), they were met by the two large
597:and used Enrique and letters from
14:
4768:16th-century Portuguese explorers
4455:José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta
3402:Thatcher, Oliver J., ed. (1907),
3307:Pérez-Mallaína, Pablo E. (1998),
3053:from the original on 30 June 2023
1706:University of Wisconsin-Green Bay
3141:Nowell, Charles E., ed. (1962),
1826:
1797:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
1424:[fɨɾˈnɐ̃w̃dɨmɐɡɐˈʎɐ̃j̃ʃ]
1368:
1324:
1257:
1243:
1229:
1215:
1201:
1054:Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
431:In 1511, under the new governor
167:
3408:The Library of Original Sources
3114:Primer viaje en torno del globo
3070:Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo
2113:"T. Elcano, Journey to History"
2085:Levinson, Nancy Smiler (2001),
1633:Hartig, Otto (1 October 1910).
1587:Kinsella, Pat (27 April 2021).
1450:[feɾˈnandoðemaɣaˈʝanes]
1441:[feɾˈnandoðemaɣaˈʎanes]
294:. Under the command of captain
16:Portuguese explorer (1480–1521)
4753:15th-century Portuguese people
4684:Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva
3264:The Discovery of South America
1677:University of Washington Press
871:Basilica Minore del Santo Niño
650:, the location of present-day
614:from virtually all regions of
338:Magellan was born in northern
1:
4709:Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho
3781:First Mass in the Philippines
3329:, London: Faber & Faber,
2516:. Little, Brown and Company.
2474:tr. James Alexander Robertson
2370:Doubleday & Company, Inc.
2111:Serrano, Tomás Mazón (2020).
1186:opened at the library of the
1157:General Archive of the Indies
793:first Mass in the Philippines
553:—repeatedly rejected by King
342:
278:, which Magellan renamed the
228:
181:
63:
4788:Maritime history of Portugal
4763:16th-century Roman Catholics
4758:15th-century Roman Catholics
4506:Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira
2510:Manchester, William (1993).
1700:Dutch, Steve (21 May 1997).
231:1480 into a family of minor
184:1480 – 27 April 1521) was a
23:Ferdinand Magellan (railcar)
3291:The Spanish Seaborne Empire
3179:"Magellan, Ferdinand"
2466:Pigafetta, Antonio (1906).
2332:ABS-CBN News (1 May 2019).
2011:, Capstone Press, pp.
1868:Renaissance and Reformation
520:Background and preparations
406:Monument of the Discoveries
196:, which achieved the first
4834:
4813:Portuguese Roman Catholics
4704:Pedro Fernandes de Queirós
3873:Over the Edge of the World
3049:(in European Portuguese),
2950:: CS1 maint: postscript (
2835:Cambridge University Press
2005:Mervyn D. Kaufman (2004),
1794:"Ferdinand Magellan"
1513:Collins English Dictionary
1289:History of the Philippines
909:
771:warships ("balanghai") of
512:
509:Voyage of circumnavigation
190:1519–22 Spanish expedition
20:
4717:
4108:
3730:Maximilianus Transylvanus
3705:Juan Rodríguez de Fonseca
3558:
3387:10.1177/08438714221123468
3241:Parr, Charles M. (1953),
3131:Maximilianus Transylvanus
2714:Camino, Mercedes Maroto.
2593:10.1215/00182168-51.2.313
2576:"Magellan Historiography"
2574:Torodash, Martin (1971).
2364:David, Hawthorne (1964).
2065:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1643:. Vol. 9. New York:
1120:variety of other entities
732:("Zamal") in the eastern
166:
43:
27:Magellan (disambiguation)
4415:Alexandre de Serpa Pinto
3985:Afonso Gonçalves Baldaia
3325:Roditi, Edouard (1972),
3273:The Discovery of the Sea
3233:Nunn, George E. (1932),
3174:Beazley, Charles Raymond
3157:Lord Stanley of Alderley
3117:Retrieved on 2009-04-08)
2907:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
2513:A World Lit Only by Fire
1840:Beazley, Charles Raymond
1082:Monument to Magellan in
373:as the first viceroy of
141:Naming the Pacific Ocean
4679:Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo
4639:Antonio Díaz de Cardoso
4621:In foreign service
4420:André Álvares de Almada
4303:João Fernandes Lavrador
4278:João Afonso do Estreito
4243:Fernão Pires de Andrade
4193:Diogo Lopes de Sequeira
4188:Diogo Fernandes Pereira
3510:Encyclopædia Britannica
3417:2027/nyp.33433067371306
3327:Magellan of the Pacific
3189:Encyclopædia Britannica
2287:2027/mdp.39015008001532
2185:Encyclopedia Britannica
1970:Diane Publishing, 2003
1966:, p. 29, Volume 248 of
1853:Encyclopædia Britannica
1669:Miller, Gordon (2011).
1645:Robert Appleton Company
1182:An exhibition entitled
869:, now enshrined at the
717:and were met by native
636:Cabo de Santo Agostinho
418:Diogo Lopes de Sequeira
218:died in the Philippines
4722:Portuguese discoveries
4654:Gaspar Castaño de Sosa
4511:António Raposo Tavares
4213:Duarte Pacheco Pereira
4030:Diogo de Melo Coutinho
3843:First Mass at Limasawa
2233:. Brill. p. 303.
2159:Fernández-Armesto 2022
1886:William J. Bernstein,
1433:Fernando de Magallanes
1432:
1415:
1086:
1071:
1003:
980:
968:
928:
874:
858:
687:
631:
538:
416:He later sailed under
413:
335:
322:Early life and travels
247:, who approved it. In
25:. For other uses, see
4531:Diogo Álvares Correia
4283:João Álvares Fagundes
4158:Cristóvão de Mendonça
4113:Afonso de Albuquerque
4015:Bartolomeu Perestrelo
3686:Non-expedition people
3580:Juan Sebastián Elcano
3266:, New York: Taplinger
3245:, New York: Crowell,
2876:Cameron, Ian (1974).
1800:Catholic Encyclopedia
1791:Hartig, Otto (1913).
1640:Catholic Encyclopedia
1081:
1066:
1064:the captain-general:
990:
919:
910:Further information:
900:Juan Sebastián Elcano
894:, was seaworthy. The
864:
850:
685:
629:
583:Treaty of Tordesillas
527:
503:Treaty of Tordesillas
433:Afonso de Albuquerque
403:
367:the fleet of 22 ships
329:
296:Juan Sebastian Elcano
268:Sanlucar de Barrameda
4546:Martim Soares Moreno
4536:Domingos Jorge Velho
4470:Paulo Dias de Novais
4435:Francisco de Lacerda
4363:Pedro Álvares Cabral
4100:Tristão Vaz Teixeira
4085:Lançarote de Freitas
4080:João Gonçalves Zarco
4065:Gonçalo Velho Cabral
4010:Antoniotto Usodimare
3960:Portuguese explorers
3615:Andrés de San Martín
3289:Parry, J.H. (1970),
3271:Parry, J.H. (1981),
3145:, Evanston: NU Press
2977:, 19 December 2022,
2912:Joyner, Tim (1992),
2406:(13 November 2019).
1635:"Ferdinand Magellan"
1593:BBC History Magazine
1251:South America portal
1046:John III of Portugal
1021:Casa de Contratación
555:Manuel I of Portugal
371:Francisco de Almeida
362:, John's successor.
4793:People from Sabrosa
4783:Magellan expedition
4699:Ñuño Fernández Lobo
4567:António da Madalena
4445:Hermenegildo Capelo
4440:Gonçalo da Silveira
4343:Lourenço de Almeida
4323:João Vaz Corte-Real
4238:Fernão Mendes Pinto
4138:António de Saldanha
3715:Christopher de Haro
3552:Magellan expedition
3433:, New York: Knopf,
3425:Wilford, John Noble
3293:, New York: Knopf,
3135:De Moluccis insulis
2645:, pp. 403–405.
2633:, pp. 399–402.
2344:ABS-CBN Corporation
2264:, pp. 224–231.
1844:Magellan, Ferdinand
1416:Fernão de Magalhães
1136:Magellan spacecraft
1050:Francis I of France
638:, near present day
515:Magellan expedition
437:conquest of Malacca
391:battle of Cannanore
311:Kingdom of Portugal
233:Portuguese nobility
131:Magellan expedition
60:Fernão de Magalhães
4778:Explorers of Chile
4689:Luís Vaz de Torres
4674:Juan Díaz de Solís
4649:Ferdinand Magellan
4572:António de Andrade
4516:Baltasar Fernandes
4050:Fernando de Castro
3813:Strait of Magellan
3808:Santo Niño de Cebú
3635:Enrique of Malacca
3595:Martín de Ayamonte
3575:Ferdinand Magellan
3505:Ferdinand Magellan
3496:from History House
3483:Ferdinand Magellan
3447:on 9 December 2012
3103:Pigafetta, Antonio
3046:Jornal de Notícias
3001:Unknown parameter
2862:, William Morrow,
2852:Bergreen, Laurence
2801:on 22 October 2019
2759:The New York Times
2366:Ferdinand Magellan
2008:Ferdinand Magellan
1992:www.britannica.com
1866:James A. Patrick,
1712:on 23 October 2014
1568:. 28 December 2023
1566:www.britannica.com
1237:Philippines portal
1116:Strait of Magellan
1087:
1026:Archbishop Fonseca
1004:
997:Strait of Magellan
929:
875:
859:
840:to kill his enemy
761:Enrique of Malacca
734:Philippine Islands
696:Strait of Magellan
688:
632:
604:Treaty of Zaragoza
539:
445:Enrique of Malacca
414:
336:
245:Charles I of Spain
202:Strait of Magellan
178:Ferdinand Magellan
137:Strait of Magellan
38:Ferdinand Magellan
4730:
4729:
4694:Manuel de Mederos
4629:Alberto del Canto
4615:
4614:
4430:Francisco Barreto
4425:Francisco Álvares
4391:
4390:
4368:Pedro Mascarenhas
4348:Miguel Corte-Real
4263:Gomes de Sequeira
4253:Gaspar Corte-Real
4223:Fernão de Loronha
4178:Diogo de Azambuja
4163:Cristóvão Jacques
4060:Gonçalo de Sintra
3927:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3916:
3908:
3898:
3888:
3878:
3868:
3858:
3848:
3838:
3803:Puerto San Julián
3797:Patagonian giants
3764:
3763:
3610:Gaspar de Quesada
3600:Juan de Cartagena
3585:Antonio Pigafetta
3468:978-1-4067-6006-4
3440:978-0-375-70850-3
3336:978-0-571-08945-1
3318:978-0-8018-5746-1
3300:978-0-520-07140-7
3282:978-0-520-04236-0
3252:978-0-8371-8521-7
3226:978-1-4179-1413-5
3166:Secondary sources
3126:978-1-906421-00-7
3109:, Arthur A. Clark
2923:978-0-07-033128-0
2869:978-0-06-093638-9
2523:978-0-316-54556-3
2240:978-90-04-29273-4
2098:978-0-395-98773-5
2049:, pp. 30–33.
2022:978-0-7368-2487-3
1925:, pp. 42–43.
1686:978-0-295-99115-3
1480:Vila Nova de Gaia
1299:Portuguese Empire
1124:Magellanic Clouds
1095:Loaísa expedition
965:Antonio Pigafetta
949:Antonio Pigafetta
820:the image of the
797:Rajahnate of Cebu
673:Gaspar de Quesada
669:Juan de Cartagena
587:Cape of Good Hope
579:Holy Roman Empire
315:Malay Archipelago
257:Order of Santiago
253:Hispanic monarchy
175:
174:
85:(aged 40–41)
4825:
4622:
4465:Lourenço Marques
4400:
4333:Jorge de Menezes
4298:João de Santarém
4248:Francisco Serrão
4208:Duarte Fernandes
4133:António de Faria
4128:António de Abreu
3995:Alvise Cadamosto
3990:Álvaro Fernandes
3978:
3970:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3931:
3914:
3906:
3897:(2022 TV series)
3896:
3886:
3876:
3866:
3856:
3846:
3836:
3824:
3791:Magellan's Cross
3776:Battle of Mactan
3690:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3522:
3471:
3448:
3443:, archived from
3420:
3419:
3398:
3389:
3368:
3339:
3321:
3303:
3285:
3267:
3255:
3237:
3229:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3193:
3181:
3160:
3146:
3110:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3010:
3004:
2999:
2997:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2955:
2949:
2941:
2940:on 7 March 2010.
2926:
2908:
2899:
2872:
2861:
2847:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2797:. Archived from
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2725:
2719:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2571:
2565:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2472:(1906 ed.).
2463:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2274:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2177:
2171:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2115:. Archived from
2108:
2102:
2101:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1984:
1978:
1960:
1954:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1904:
1898:
1884:
1878:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1708:. Archived from
1697:
1691:
1690:
1675:(1st ed.).
1666:
1660:
1659:
1653:
1651:
1630:
1624:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1504:
1487:
1468:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1426:
1421:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1321:
1279:Age of Discovery
1267:
1265:Biography portal
1262:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1173:San Telmo Museum
1128:Project Magellan
1122:, including the
1091:Age of Discovery
1001:Frenum Magaliani
978:
966:
912:Battle of Mactan
852:Magellan's Cross
576:
426:Francisco Serrão
375:Portuguese India
344:
292:Battle of Mactan
230:
198:circumnavigation
183:
171:
149:circumnavigation
84:
65:
48:
34:
4833:
4832:
4828:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4713:
4620:
4611:
4602:Galeote Pereira
4592:Estêvão Cacella
4555:
4494:
4485:Sancho de Tovar
4475:Pero da Covilhã
4410:Afonso de Paiva
4387:
4338:Lopes Gonçalves
4268:Gonçalo Álvares
4258:Gaspar de Lemos
4218:Estêvão da Gama
4198:Diogo Rodrigues
4153:Bartolomeu Dias
4123:André Gonçalves
4104:
4095:Pedro de Sintra
4035:Diogo de Silves
4005:António de Noli
4000:Antão Gonçalves
3973:
3961:
3958:
3928:
3919:
3847:(1965 painting)
3822:
3786:Magellan Shrine
3760:
3734:
3681:
3639:
3630:Luis de Mendoza
3563:
3554:
3549:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3451:
3441:
3423:
3401:
3371:
3357:10.2307/2506024
3342:
3337:
3324:
3319:
3306:
3301:
3288:
3283:
3270:
3258:
3253:
3240:
3232:
3227:
3214:
3206:
3204:
3196:
3172:
3163:
3149:
3140:
3101:
3095:Primary sources
3092:
3090:Further reading
3087:
3079:
3077:
3064:
3056:
3054:
3038:
3030:
3028:
3017:(5 July 2019),
3013:
3000:
2990:
2984:
2982:
2967:
2958:
2942:
2929:
2924:
2911:
2902:
2888:
2875:
2870:
2850:
2845:
2833:, vol. 6,
2824:
2820:
2815:
2814:
2804:
2802:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2737:
2735:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2713:
2709:
2701:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2677:
2673:
2665:
2661:
2653:
2649:
2641:
2637:
2629:
2625:
2617:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2559:
2555:
2547:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2492:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2465:
2464:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2416:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2318:
2314:
2306:
2302:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2260:
2256:
2241:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2215:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2157:
2153:
2148:
2144:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2119:on 12 June 2021
2110:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2047:Bergreen (2003)
2045:
2041:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1994:. 24 July 2024.
1986:
1985:
1981:
1961:
1957:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1905:
1901:
1885:
1881:
1865:
1861:
1838:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1812:
1808:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1777:
1773:
1765:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1715:
1713:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1687:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1649:
1647:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1545:
1543:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1518:
1516:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1445:
1436:
1419:
1404:
1371:
1367:
1360:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1263:
1258:
1256:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1209:Portugal portal
1207:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1144:
1112:Sea of Magellan
1076:
985:
979:
976:
967:
964:
914:
908:
898:, captained by
854:in present-day
775:("Colambu") of
749:Visayan Islands
719:Chamorro people
677:Luis de Mendoza
661:Río de la Plata
624:
574:
522:
517:
511:
465:Bayan Sirrullah
324:
214:via the Pacific
157:
102:
92:
86:
82:
73:
67:
62:
61:
51:
39:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4831:
4829:
4821:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4735:
4734:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4664:Ginés de Mafra
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4551:Pedro Teixeira
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4502:
4500:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4460:José Sapateiro
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4406:
4404:
4397:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4353:Nicolau Coelho
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4273:Gonçalo Coelho
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4173:Diogo da Rocha
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4143:António Galvão
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4118:Álvaro Martins
4115:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4075:João Fernandes
4072:
4070:João de Trasto
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4040:Diogo de Teive
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3979:
3974:In service of
3967:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3934:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3909:
3899:
3889:
3879:
3869:
3859:
3849:
3839:
3830:
3828:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3700:King Charles I
3696:
3694:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3605:Ginés de Mafra
3602:
3597:
3592:
3590:Duarte Barbosa
3587:
3582:
3577:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3502:
3497:
3491:
3486:
3485:on history.com
3478:
3477:External links
3475:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3449:
3439:
3421:
3399:
3380:(4): 543–560,
3369:
3351:(2): 181–194,
3340:
3335:
3322:
3317:
3304:
3299:
3286:
3281:
3268:
3256:
3251:
3238:
3230:
3225:
3212:
3194:
3184:Chisholm, Hugh
3169:
3162:
3161:
3147:
3138:
3128:
3118:
3098:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3062:
3036:
3027:, INQUIRER.net
3015:Ocampo, Ambeth
3011:
2964:
2961:Online sources
2957:
2956:
2927:
2922:
2909:
2900:
2886:
2873:
2868:
2848:
2843:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2786:
2764:
2745:
2720:
2718:, p. 76. 2005.
2707:
2705:, p. 413.
2695:
2693:, p. 412.
2683:
2671:
2669:, p. 414.
2659:
2657:, p. 215.
2647:
2635:
2623:
2621:, p. 305.
2611:
2609:, p. 299.
2599:
2586:(2): 313–335.
2566:
2553:
2551:, p. 210.
2541:
2539:, p. 406.
2529:
2522:
2502:
2476:
2455:
2426:
2404:Ocampo, Ambeth
2395:
2374:
2356:
2324:
2322:, p. 271.
2312:
2310:, p. 209.
2300:
2266:
2254:
2239:
2221:
2219:, p. 215.
2209:
2207:, p. 145.
2197:
2172:
2163:
2161:, p. 142.
2151:
2142:
2130:
2103:
2097:
2077:
2051:
2039:
2027:
2021:
1997:
1979:
1955:
1939:
1927:
1915:
1899:
1879:
1859:
1848:Chisholm, Hugh
1818:
1806:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1747:
1735:
1723:
1692:
1685:
1679:. p. 30.
1661:
1625:
1622:978-2915540574
1605:
1579:
1553:
1526:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1484:Ponte da Barca
1459:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1304:Spanish Empire
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1254:
1240:
1226:
1212:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1180:
1143:
1140:
1075:
1072:
993:Mare pacificum
984:
981:
977:Ginés de Mafra
974:
962:
953:Ginés de Mafra
925:Lapu-lapu City
907:
904:
880:ensuing battle
757:outrigger boat
652:Rio de Janeiro
623:
620:
521:
518:
513:Main article:
510:
507:
443:and baptized,
323:
320:
261:Spanish Empire
173:
172:
164:
163:
159:
158:
156:
155:
145:
142:
139:
133:
126:
124:
123:Known for
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
87:
79:
75:
74:
68:
59:
57:
53:
52:
49:
41:
40:
37:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4830:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4716:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4644:Estêvão Gomes
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4634:Aleixo Garcia
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4618:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4577:Bento de Góis
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4541:Duarte Coelho
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4480:Roberto Ivens
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4450:Jerónimo Lobo
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4384:
4383:Vasco da Gama
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4358:Paulo da Gama
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4328:Jorge Álvares
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3971:
3968:
3964:
3955:
3950:
3948:
3943:
3941:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3913:
3910:
3905:
3904:
3900:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3854:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3757:
3756:Rajah Humabon
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3725:Diogo Ribeiro
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3620:Estêvão Gomes
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3557:
3553:
3546:
3541:
3539:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3453:Zweig, Stefan
3450:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3430:The Mapmakers
3426:
3422:
3418:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3341:
3338:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3320:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3302:
3296:
3292:
3287:
3284:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3248:
3244:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3228:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3202:
3201:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3052:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3003:|agency=
2995:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2953:
2947:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2928:
2925:
2919:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2871:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2844:9781316297919
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2749:
2746:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2703:Bergreen 2003
2699:
2696:
2692:
2691:Bergreen 2003
2687:
2684:
2680:
2679:Bergreen 2003
2675:
2672:
2668:
2667:Bergreen 2003
2663:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2643:Bergreen 2003
2639:
2636:
2632:
2631:Bergreen 2003
2627:
2624:
2620:
2619:Bergreen 2003
2615:
2612:
2608:
2607:Bergreen 2003
2603:
2600:
2594:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2537:Bergreen 2003
2533:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2506:
2503:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2444:. Rappler Inc
2443:
2442:
2437:
2430:
2427:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2357:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2320:Bergreen 2003
2316:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2262:Bergreen 2003
2258:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2232:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2217:Bergreen 2003
2213:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2143:
2140:, p. 61.
2139:
2138:Bergreen 2003
2134:
2131:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2078:
2066:
2062:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1976:0-87169-248-1
1973:
1969:
1965:
1962:R.A. Donkin,
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:1-4067-6006-4
1949:
1943:
1940:
1937:, p. 50.
1936:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1912:1-4067-6006-4
1909:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1896:0-8021-4416-0
1893:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1876:0-7614-7650-4
1873:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1835:public domain
1822:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1795:
1787:
1784:
1781:, p. 17.
1780:
1779:Bergreen 2003
1775:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1724:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1656:NewAdvent.org
1646:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1580:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1493:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1442:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1398:
1365:
1364:
1354:
1320:
1317:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1255:
1252:
1241:
1238:
1227:
1224:
1213:
1210:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1177:San Sebastian
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1142:Quincentenary
1141:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1099:Francis Drake
1096:
1092:
1085:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1016:Estêvão Gomes
1013:
1008:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
982:
973:
961:
956:
954:
950:
946:
944:
940:
939:
934:
926:
922:
921:Mactan Shrine
918:
913:
905:
903:
901:
897:
893:
888:
883:
881:
872:
868:
863:
857:
853:
849:
845:
843:
839:
835:
834:Blood Compact
831:
827:
823:
818:
813:
809:
808:Rajah Humabon
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
783:("Siaui") of
782:
778:
774:
773:Rajah Kulambo
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
743:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
684:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
657:
653:
649:
648:Guanabara Bay
645:
641:
637:
628:
621:
619:
617:
611:
607:
605:
600:
596:
595:Spice Islands
592:
588:
584:
580:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:Spice Islands
536:
532:
531:
526:
519:
516:
508:
506:
504:
500:
497:
493:
488:
487:around 1521.
486:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:Spice Islands
446:
442:
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
411:
407:
402:
398:
396:
395:Battle of Diu
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:sent to host
368:
363:
361:
357:
354:, consort of
353:
352:Queen Eleanor
349:
341:
333:
328:
321:
319:
316:
312:
309:While in the
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
210:Pacific Ocean
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
179:
170:
165:
160:
154:
150:
146:
143:
140:
138:
134:
132:
128:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
100:
96:
91:
81:27 April 1521
80:
76:
72:
58:
54:
47:
42:
35:
32:
28:
24:
19:
4669:Jean Alfonse
4648:
4597:Fernão Nunes
4587:Domingo Paes
4582:Diogo Veloso
4378:Pero Escobar
4313:João Infante
4293:João da Nova
4288:João da Gama
4233:Fernão Gomes
4228:Fernão do Pó
4203:Diogo Soares
4148:António Mota
4090:Nuno Tristão
4025:Diogo Afonso
3976:Prince Henry
3911:
3901:
3891:
3881:
3871:
3861:
3841:
3833:
3720:Jorge Reinel
3676:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3574:
3508:
3457:
3445:the original
3429:
3407:
3377:
3373:
3348:
3344:
3326:
3308:
3290:
3272:
3263:
3242:
3234:
3216:
3205:, retrieved
3199:
3187:
3165:
3164:
3150:
3142:
3137:, 1523, 1542
3134:
3112:
3106:
3094:
3093:
3078:, retrieved
3069:
3055:, retrieved
3044:
3029:, retrieved
3024:INQUIRER.net
3022:
2983:, retrieved
2972:
2960:
2959:
2938:the original
2932:
2913:
2904:
2877:
2857:
2830:
2803:. Retrieved
2799:the original
2789:
2777:. Retrieved
2767:
2758:
2748:
2736:. Retrieved
2732:
2723:
2715:
2710:
2698:
2686:
2681:, p. 2.
2674:
2662:
2655:Cameron 1974
2650:
2638:
2626:
2614:
2602:
2583:
2579:
2569:
2561:
2556:
2549:Cameron 1974
2544:
2532:
2512:
2505:
2493:. Retrieved
2489:
2479:
2468:
2446:. Retrieved
2439:
2429:
2417:. Retrieved
2413:Inquirer.net
2411:
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2377:
2365:
2359:
2347:. Retrieved
2339:ABS-CBN News
2337:
2327:
2315:
2308:Cameron 1974
2303:
2278:
2257:
2230:
2224:
2212:
2205:Cameron 1974
2200:
2188:. Retrieved
2184:
2175:
2166:
2154:
2145:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2117:the original
2106:
2087:
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2064:
2054:
2042:
2035:Noronha 1921
2030:
2007:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1967:
1958:
1942:
1930:
1918:
1902:
1887:
1882:
1867:
1862:
1851:
1821:
1809:
1798:
1786:
1774:
1762:
1750:
1738:
1726:
1714:. Retrieved
1710:the original
1695:
1671:
1664:
1654:– via
1648:. Retrieved
1638:
1628:
1613:
1608:
1596:. Retrieved
1592:
1582:
1570:. Retrieved
1565:
1556:
1544:. Retrieved
1538:
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1511:
1502:
1319:
1223:Spain portal
1183:
1145:
1111:
1109:
1102:
1088:
1067:
1057:
1042:
1032:
1030:
1019:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1000:
992:
970:
958:
947:
936:
930:
895:
891:
887:Juan Serrano
884:
876:
805:
746:
727:
712:
699:
691:
689:
665:Saint Julian
633:
612:
608:
561:, the young
540:
528:
496:cosmographer
489:
469:
430:
415:
364:
356:King John II
337:
308:
280:Mar Pacifico
279:
265:
226:
177:
176:
135:Finding the
107:Burial place
88:Chiefdom of
83:(1521-04-27)
31:
18:
4748:1521 deaths
4743:1480 births
4607:João Cabral
4490:Silva Porto
4318:João Serrão
4045:Diogo Gomes
3915:(2023 film)
3907:(2023 film)
3887:(2019 film)
3877:(2003 book)
3867:(2002 film)
3857:(1972 song)
3837:(1955 film)
3710:Rui Faleiro
3677:San Antonio
3625:João Serrão
3260:Parry, J.H.
3203:, G. Philip
2733:North Sails
2448:22 November
2419:22 November
2349:22 November
1935:Joyner 1992
1923:Joyner 1992
1814:Ocampo 2019
1767:Simões 2019
1572:31 December
1107:, in 1580.
1012:San Antonio
999:, labelled
830:Virgin Mary
822:Child Jesus
781:Rajah Siawi
723:ship's boat
700:San Antonio
499:Rui Faleiro
288:Philippines
276:Mar del Sur
216:. Magellan
194:East Indies
115:Nationality
110:Lost at war
99:Philippines
4737:Categories
4659:George Ura
4526:Brás Cubas
4521:Borba Gato
4308:João Grego
4183:Diogo Dias
4020:Dinis Dias
3751:Rajah Ache
3652:Concepción
2887:029776568X
2805:22 October
2779:22 October
2738:6 December
1731:Fugas 2022
1716:11 October
1650:31 October
1535:"Magellan"
1508:"Magellan"
1494:References
1412:Portuguese
1044:including
1038:Valladolid
995:, and the
826:Santo Niño
551:New Guinea
441:indentured
412:, Portugal
222:his voyage
186:Portuguese
118:Portuguese
4373:Pero Dias
4168:Diogo Cão
4055:Gil Eanes
3893:Boundless
3863:Lapu-Lapu
3834:Lapu-Lapu
3396:252451072
3005:ignored (
2249:932684337
1842:(1911). "
1546:8 October
1519:8 October
1062:eulogizes
1014:, led by
812:bartering
577:V of the
559:Charles I
451:" in the
397:in 1509.
330:House in
304:The other
300:New Spain
272:Patagonia
208:into the
162:Signature
69:Northern
4499:Americas
4396:Overland
3966:Maritime
3853:Magellan
3827:In media
3746:Lapulapu
3693:European
3672:Santiago
3666:Victoria
3659:Trinidad
3561:Timeline
3455:(1938),
3427:(2000),
3262:(1979),
3217:Magellan
3176:(1911).
3105:(1906),
3074:archived
3051:archived
2994:citation
2979:archived
2946:citation
2914:Magellan
2854:(2003),
2495:22 March
2490:Sugbo.ph
2190:31 March
1195:See also
1179:in 2020.
1132:Cold War
1104:Victoria
1033:Victoria
975:—
963:—
933:Lapulapu
896:Victoria
892:Victoria
867:Cebuanos
842:Lapulapu
789:Mindanao
769:balangay
753:Limasawa
738:Homonhon
692:Santiago
656:garroted
591:Bergreen
547:Moluccas
535:Ortelius
530:Victoria
472:Azemmour
453:Moluccas
360:Manuel I
340:Portugal
241:Moluccas
237:Manuel I
206:Atlantic
71:Portugal
3769:Related
3365:2506024
3207:8 April
3186:(ed.).
3111:(orig.
3080:30 June
3057:30 June
2985:30 June
2974:Público
2818:Sources
2441:Rappler
2388:9 April
2123:17 June
2070:23 July
1850:(ed.).
1837::
1598:23 July
1476:Sabrosa
1429:Spanish
1163:by the
1161:Seville
938:bangkaw
785:Surigao
765:Sumatra
616:Castile
573:Charles
571:emperor
569:(later
549:beside
537:, 1590.
485:Seville
480:Seville
461:Ternate
457:Amboina
424:, with
422:Malacca
332:Sabrosa
249:Seville
220:during
192:to the
151:of the
4403:Africa
3465:
3437:
3394:
3363:
3333:
3315:
3297:
3279:
3249:
3223:
3124:
3031:5 July
2920:
2896:842695
2894:
2884:
2866:
2841:
2775:. 2019
2520:
2295:347382
2293:
2247:
2237:
2095:
2019:
1974:
1950:
1910:
1894:
1874:
1846:". In
1831:
1683:
1620:
1149:UNESCO
1084:Lisbon
1074:Legacy
1052:, and
943:rattan
838:Mactan
777:Butuan
742:Suluan
708:quince
704:scurvy
642:. The
640:Recife
622:Voyage
599:Serrão
575:
492:charts
410:Lisbon
387:Quilon
383:Cochin
95:Mactan
90:Mactan
3739:Asian
3644:Ships
3392:S2CID
3361:JSTOR
3182:. In
1472:Porto
1311:Notes
1169:Queen
906:Death
817:Cross
730:Samar
567:Spain
545:—the
476:Moors
408:, in
227:Born
153:Earth
93:(now
4560:Asia
3912:1521
3568:Crew
3463:ISBN
3435:ISBN
3331:ISBN
3313:ISBN
3295:ISBN
3277:ISBN
3247:ISBN
3221:ISBN
3209:2009
3122:ISBN
3082:2023
3059:2023
3033:2019
3007:help
2987:2023
2952:link
2918:ISBN
2892:OCLC
2882:ISBN
2864:ISBN
2839:ISBN
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