435:
1684:
589:
1527:
1804:
1744:
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1515:
600:(BSM) in February 1944, the Legion of Merit was awarded almost exclusively to senior officers in the rank of lieutenant colonel (Army, Marine Corps and Air Force) or commander (Navy and Coast Guard) (O-5), and above. Beginning in the 1980s, the Legion of Merit began to be awarded more frequently to senior-ranking warrant officers (W-4 and W-5), as well as to senior enlisted service members (E-8 and E-9), usually as a retirement award. When not awarded as a retirement award, it is most commonly awarded to officers in pay grade O-6 and higher.
1551:
677:
1660:
1563:
1732:
1575:
1624:
1539:
607:(MSM) was established in 1969 as a "junior" version of the Legion of Merit and prior to 2003 was only awarded for non-combat service. The MSM is awarded more frequently, and to more lower-ranking military personnel, than the Legion of Merit. Recipients of the MSM are usually in pay grades E-7 thru E-9, W-3 thru W-5 (Army Only), and O-4 thru O-6 for the Army, Air Force, and Space Force; for the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard the MSM is usually presented to those in pay grades E-9, W-4, W-5, O-5 and O-6.
1768:
686:
1816:
1792:
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1708:
634:
1636:
1587:
661:
56:
695:
1696:
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1648:
643:
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704:
137:
1612:
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of the Legion of Merit Medal is, on a wreath of green laurel joined at the bottom by a gold bow-knot (rosette), a domed five-pointed white star bordered crimson, points reversed with v-shaped extremities tipped with a gold ball. In the center, a blue disk encircled by gold clouds, with 13 white stars
503:
in both its design, a five-armed cross, and in that it is awarded in multiple degrees. Unlike the Legion of Honor, however, the Legion of Merit is only awarded to military personnel. In addition, it is the only award in the world with multiple degrees of which the higher degrees cannot be awarded to
458:
The
Assistant Chief of Staff (G-1), Brigadier General John H. Hilldring, in a response to the QMG on April 3, 1942, indicated the Secretary of War had approved the design recommended by the QMG. The design of the Legion of Merit (change of name) would be ready for issue immediately after legislation
397:
When the Legion of Merit is awarded to members of the uniformed services of the United States, it is awarded without reference to degree. The criteria are "for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements" and is typically reserved for senior officers
778:
inches (49 mm) in width. The reverse of the five-pointed star is enameled in white, and the border is crimson. In the center, a disk for engraving the name of the recipient surrounded by the words "ANNUIT COEPTIS MDCCLXXXII": a combination of the motto from the Great Seal, "He Has
Favored Our
454:
In a letter to the
Quartermaster General (QMG) dated December 24, 1941, the Adjutant General formally requested action be initiated to create a meritorious service medal, and provide designs in the event the decoration was established. Proposed designs prepared by Bailey, Banks, and Biddle, and the
466:
An act of
Congress (Public Law 671, 77th Congress, Chapter 508, 2d Session) on July 20, 1942, established the Legion of Merit and provided that the medal "shall have suitable appurtenances and devices and not more than four degrees, and which the President, under such rules and regulations as he
745:
of the Legion of Merit Medal is, on a wreath of green laurel joined at the bottom by a gold bow-knot (rosette), a five-pointed white star bordered crimson, points reversed with v-shaped extremities tipped with a gold ball. In the center, a blue disk encircled by gold clouds, with 13 white stars
328:
The degrees of Chief
Commander, Commander, Officer, and Legionnaire are awarded only to members of armed forces of foreign nations under the criteria outlined in Army Regulation 672-7 and is based on the relative rank or position of the recipient as follows:
474:(b) personnel of the armed forces of friendly foreign nations who, since the proclamation of an emergency by the President on 1939-09-08, shall have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services."
568:
The U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, unlike the Army and later the Air Force, provided for the Legion of Merit to be awarded with a "V" device indicating awards for participation in combat operations.
1498:
1861:
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738:
inches (75 mm). The words "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" are engraved in the center of the reverse. A miniature of the decoration in gold on a horizontal gold bar is worn on the service ribbon.
346:. However, this degree was awarded by President Roosevelt to some Allied World War II theater commanders, usually for joint amphibious landings or invasions. (The President had this power under
1866:
1851:
1365:
This is a detailed Home of Heroes combat biography of Lt. (j.g.), later, Capt. Ann
Bernatitus (USN) with sources and also containing a discussion of Legion of Merit itself with sources.
489:
Following the invasion of North Africa in
November 1942, a number of United States officers were awarded the Legion of Merit in the degree of Officer. One of the recipients was future
1432:
496:. Soon after, regulations for the award of the Legion of Merit were revised so that it would not be awarded in the degrees above Legionnaire to United States military personnel.
1489:
218:
188:
408:
For service not related to actual war, the term "key individual" applies to a narrower range of positions than in time of war and requires evidence of significant achievement.
1182:
Note: National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps Amendments Act of 2012 amended the Legion of Merit to be awarded to any uniformed service.
1881:
1102:
1056:
411:
In peacetime, service should be in the nature of a special requirement or of an extremely difficult duty performed in an unprecedented and clearly exceptional manner.
565:
1121. As a result, awarding authority for the Legion of Merit resides with general officers/flag officers at the
Lieutenant General / Vice Admiral level or higher.
783:. An outer scroll contains the words "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA." A miniature of the decoration in silver on a horizontal silver bar is worn on the service ribbon.
195:
that is given for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is issued to members of the eight
1530:
451:
Although recommendations for creation of a medal for meritorious service were initiated as early as
September 1937, no formal action was taken toward approval.
96:
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750:. Between each star point, within the wreath, are crossed war arrows pointing outwards, representing armed protection to the Nation. The overall width is
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226:
171:
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604:
460:
92:
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Performance of duties normal to the grade, branch, specialty, or assignment, and experience of an individual is not an adequate basis for this award.
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From 1942 to 1944, the Legion of Merit was awarded for a fairly wide range of achievements. This was because it was, until the establishment of the
546:
278:
1348:
1406:
398:
at O-6 level and above, typically in connection with senior leadership/command positions or other senior positions of significant responsibility.
196:
107:
245:
occupying senior command or very senior staff positions in their respective services. It may also be awarded to officers of lesser rank, senior
455:
Office of the Quartermaster General were provided to the Assistant Chief of Staff for Personnel (Colonel Heard) by the QMG on January 5, 1942.
270:
262:
1759:
1376:
490:
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229:. In contemporary use in the U.S. Armed Forces, the Legion of Merit is typically awarded to Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force
88:
84:
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249:(typically in command positions at the rank of chief warrant officer 5), and to very senior enlisted personnel (typically in the rank of
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1518:
305:
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inches (48 mm) and the pendant has a suspension ring instead of the wreath for attaching the ribbon. A gold replica of the medal,
764:
inches (57 mm). A gold laurel wreath in the v-shaped angle at the top connects an oval suspension ring to the neck ribbon that is
434:
285:
in the Marine Corps), but these instances are less frequent, typically by exception, and the circumstances vary by branch of service.
282:
414:
However, justification of the award may accrue by virtue of exceptionally meritorious service in a succession of important positions.
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1320:
990:
402:
The performance must have been such as to merit recognition of key individuals for service rendered in a clearly exceptional manner.
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and the first woman to receive the Legion of Merit. She received the award for her service during the defense of the Philippines.
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977:(in the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard). Until 2017, the sea services (the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard) awarded the
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246:
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in 1944, the only decoration below the Silver Star which could be awarded for combat valor, and the only decoration below the
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309:
222:
161:
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381:) for service in assignments equivalent to those normally held by a general or flag officer in U.S. military service; or
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442:(as used by USN and USMC) denoting combat bravery; the "V" device ceased being awarded with the Legion of Merit in 2017.
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577:
378:
242:
1755:
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1795:
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for wear on the LOM. The Army, Air Force, and Space Force do not authorize the "V" device for the Legion of Merit.
516:
258:
254:
192:
35:
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214:
or certain Orders of Merit), although the degrees including a neck ribbon are only awarded to non-U.S. nationals.
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1457:
676:
471:(a) personnel of the Armed Forces of the United States and of the Government of the Commonwealth Philippines and
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202:
The Legion of Merit (Commander degree) is one of only two United States military decorations to be issued as a
31:
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became the first person awarded the Legion of Merit (Commander) and a week later, Lieutenant, junior grade
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483:
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486:, established the rules for the Legion of Merit, and required the President's approval for the award.
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558:
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is the same as the degree of Officer, except the suspension ribbon does not have the medal replica.
724:. Between each point, within the wreath are crossed arrows pointing outwards. The overall width is
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of the Legion of Merit Medal is similar to the degree of Commander except the overall width is
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Medals for Soldiers and Airmen: Awards and Decorations of the United States Army and Air Force
1082:
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597:
573:
535:
512:
359:: Equivalent of a U.S. military chief of staff or higher position, but not to a head of state.
210:), and the only United States military decoration that may be issued in degrees (much like an
978:
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439:
76:
Exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements
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inch (1.6 mm) white. The reverse of all of the medals has the motto taken from the
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250:
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207:
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136:
66:
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was presented the Legion of Merit by President Roosevelt while he was en route to the
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17:
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Bernatitus was also the first recipient of the Legion of Merit authorized to wear a
949:
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301:
293:
561:, again revised approval authority. Current provisions are contained in Title 10,
1310:
478:
The medal was announced in War Department Bulletin No. 40, dated August 5, 1942.
30:
This article is about the United States decoration. For the Chilean order, see
203:
1221:
1429:"Pentagon implements 'C' and 'R' awards devices, removes 'V' from 2 awards"
418:
The degrees and the design of the decoration were influenced by the French
312:
level and above, or equivalent secretary-level civilian personnel with the
952:. The ribbon design also follows the pattern of the Purple Heart ribbon.
779:
Undertakings", with the date for the first award of a US decoration, the
374:
199:
as well as to military and political figures of foreign governments.
1349:"Ann Bernatitus - Angel of Bataan, First Legion of Merit recipient"
587:
515:, a U.S. Navy Nurse Corps officer, became the first member of the
459:
authorizing it was enacted into law. (A separate medal called the
433:
898:
inches (35 mm) wide and consists of the following stripes:
802:
inches (49 mm) wide and consists of the following stripes:
520:
1471:
944:" (1782), which is the date of America's first decoration, the
1499:
Joint awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces
869:
inch (19 mm) wide, is centered on the suspension ribbon.
553:, approval authority for U.S. personnel was delegated to the
1245:
http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/134833vol3.pdf
702:
693:
684:
675:
659:
650:
641:
632:
557:. Executive Order 10600, dated March 15, 1955, by President
580:
which could be awarded for meritorious noncombat service.
1862:
Awards and decorations of the United States Marine Corps
960:
Additional awards of the Legion of Merit are denoted by
373:
below the equivalent of a U.S. military chief of staff;
1872:
Awards and decorations of the United States Space Force
1857:
Awards and decorations of the United States Coast Guard
1315:. Jefferson: McFarland & Company Inc. p. 124.
288:
Authority to award the Legion of Merit is reserved for
1847:
Awards and decorations of the United States Air Force
1291:
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=58838
940:" ("He has favored our undertakings") and the date "
1842:
Military awards and decorations of the United States
110:
and political and military leaders of allied states.
1600:
1505:
167:
157:
152:
130:
122:
114:
102:
80:
72:
62:
48:
1458:Legion of Merit – Criteria, Background, and Images
964:(in the Army, Air Force, and Space Force), and by
507:In October 1942, Brazilian Army Brigadier General
221:of all U.S. military awards and is worn after the
1867:Awards and decorations of the United States Navy
1852:Awards and decorations of the United States Army
1222:"Types of the Medal of Honor: 1862 To Present."
788:The neck ribbon for the degree of Commander is
504:citizens of the country of the award's origin.
878:Legion of Merit Medal issued to U.S. personnel
377:or equivalent rank (e.g., Navy or Coast Guard
1483:
499:The Legion of Merit is similar to the French
97:United States Department of Homeland Security
8:
746:arranged in the pattern that appears on the
720:arranged in the pattern that appears on the
308:personnel at assistant service secretary or
614:
482:9260, dated October 29, 1942, by President
1490:
1476:
1468:
45:
1289:Executive Order 9260 of October 29, 1942
1243:Department of Defense Manual 1348.33-V3.
884:The ribbon for all of the decorations is
93:United States Department of the Air Force
1882:1942 establishments in the United States
279:Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force
1531:Homeland Security Distinguished Service
1463:Order of precedence, United States Navy
1403:"November 26th, 1943 - FDR: Day by Day"
1199:. Institute of Heraldry. Archived from
1002:
812:inch (1.6 mm) white 67101; center
197:uniformed services of the United States
108:Uniformed Services of the United States
1271:from the original on November 12, 2008
1155:from the original on September 4, 2017
1087:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1080:
1041:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1034:
271:Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force
263:Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy
217:The Legion of Merit is seventh in the
1748:Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary
1254:. Retrieved Assistant 20 August 2014.
876:of the Legion of Merit Medal and the
491:Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
27:Military award of the US Armed Forces
7:
1435:from the original on January 1, 2018
1329:from the original on October 3, 2022
1232:Congressional Medal of Honor Society
391:: All recipients not included above.
89:United States Department of the Navy
85:United States Department of the Army
1409:from the original on April 18, 2016
353:of October 29, 1942, paragraph 3b.)
592:Legion of Merit award certificates
283:Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps
25:
1392:New York Times. December 7, 1945.
991:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
922:inches (32 mm) crimson; and
908:inch (1.6 mm) white; center
1814:
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1351:. Home of Heroes. Archived from
826:inches (46 mm) crimson and
259:fleet master chief petty officer
135:
54:
1760:Global War on Terrorism Service
934:Great Seal of the United States
748:Great Seal of the United States
722:Great Seal of the United States
596:After the establishment of the
545:In 1943, at the request of the
314:Department of Homeland Security
34:. For the Rhodesian order, see
467:shall prescribe, may award to
310:Assistant Secretary of Defense
223:Defense Superior Service Medal
162:Defense Superior Service Medal
1:
1808:Outstanding Volunteer Service
1519:Defense Distinguished Service
975:inch (7.9 mm) gold stars
316:with direct oversight of the
275:command chief master sergeant
267:command chief master sergeant
438:Legion of Merit with golden
1555:Defense Meritorious Service
1309:Borch III, Fred L. (2013).
1234:. Retrieved: July 23, 2006.
578:Distinguished Service Medal
237:, and Navy and Coast Guard
1898:
1877:Awards established in 1942
1664:Armed Forces Expeditionary
1567:Joint Service Commendation
1506:Joint military decorations
1110:static.e-publishing.af.mil
517:United States Armed Forces
463:was established in 1969.)
255:Sergeant Major of the Army
227:Distinguished Flying Cross
193:United States Armed Forces
172:Distinguished Flying Cross
36:Legion of Merit (Rhodesia)
29:
1736:Inherent Resolve Campaign
1579:Joint Service Achievement
1178:January 12, 2014, at the
836:inch (1.6 mm) white.
669:
605:Meritorious Service Medal
461:Meritorious Service Medal
148:
134:
53:
1628:National Defense Service
1543:Defense Superior Service
1296:October 4, 2012, at the
1103:"Production publication"
542:, on November 26, 1943.
509:Amaro Soares Bittencourt
296:in pay grade O-9 (i.e.,
281:in the Space Force, and
32:Legion of Merit of Chile
946:Badge of Military Merit
1688:Southwest Asia Service
1591:Joint Meritorious Unit
1379:April 5, 2016, at the
1250:March 3, 2016, at the
1227:July 18, 2006, at the
717:Chief Commander Degree
707:
698:
689:
680:
664:
655:
646:
637:
593:
443:
304:) and above, civilian
251:command sergeant major
1772:Korea Defense Service
1069:on September 18, 2010
706:
697:
688:
679:
663:
654:
645:
636:
591:
484:Franklin D. Roosevelt
437:
306:Department of Defense
206:(the other being the
18:Legion of Merit Medal
1820:Armed Forces Reserve
1796:Humanitarian Service
1784:Armed Forces Service
1712:Afghanistan Campaign
559:Dwight D. Eisenhower
532:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1023:on January 11, 2018
948:, now known as the
547:Army Chief of Staff
219:order of precedence
1640:Antarctica Service
1119:on October 9, 2018
874:Legionnaire Degree
708:
699:
690:
681:
665:
656:
647:
638:
594:
584:After World War II
563:United States Code
551:George C. Marshall
444:
298:lieutenant general
273:in the Air Force,
158:Next (higher)
1829:
1828:
1265:"Legion of Merit"
1203:on March 31, 2012
1193:"Legion of Merit"
1146:media.defense.gov
962:oak leaf clusters
956:Additional awards
943:
939:
712:
711:
598:Bronze Star Medal
574:Bronze Star Medal
555:Department of War
536:Tehran Conference
513:Ann A. Bernatitus
383:military attachés
212:order of chivalry
177:
176:
168:Next (lower)
118:Currently awarded
16:(Redirected from
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743:Commander Degree
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618:Chief Commander
615:
527:with the medal.
424:LĂ©gion d'honneur
420:Legion of Honour
318:U.S. Coast Guard
290:general officers
247:warrant officers
231:general officers
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1437:. Retrieved
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389:Legionnaire
103:Eligibility
73:Awarded for
1836:Categories
1333:August 29,
997:References
979:Combat "V"
942:MDCCLXXXII
621:Commander
549:, General
525:Combat "V"
440:"V" device
344:government
204:neck order
153:Precedence
1413:March 30,
1359:April 29,
1207:April 26,
357:Commander
1433:Archived
1407:Archived
1377:Archived
1327:Archived
1294:Archived
1275:June 26,
1269:Archived
1248:Archived
1225:Archived
1176:Archived
1150:Archived
1148:. 2017.
1083:cite web
1037:cite web
985:See also
624:Officer
611:Insignia
530:General
324:Criteria
243:captains
235:colonels
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670:Ribbon
430:History
379:captain
375:colonel
367:General
363:Officer
191:of the
187:) is a
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1197:Awards
1139:"Data"
115:Status
1601:Joint
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538:, in
43:Award
1441:2017
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1361:2007
1335:2015
1317:ISBN
1277:2011
1209:2010
1161:2018
1125:2018
1089:link
1075:2018
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1029:2018
872:The
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741:The
715:The
603:The
521:LTJG
351:9260
292:and
277:and
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233:and
179:The
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