530:
436:
52:
68:
444:
367:..the oldest form of feudal land tenure, viz. by military service, with various attendant rights and obligations, esp. that of the superior to uphold and draw the rents of the lands of a deceased vassal while the heir was uninfeft or remained a minor, as an equivalent for the loss of military services during such period, the usage being termed simple ward. Later commutation was admitted for a monetary payment in lieu of the drawing of rents.
382:
590:
75:
549:
In 1606 two servants of George
Craufurd of Lefnoreis, George and Andrew McCubene, claimed that John and George Hervie of Skellingtoun Mill attacked them at the Cumnock Market, putting them in fear of their lives. The court took the view that the McCubenes were the aggressors even though the McCubenes
565:
and
Auchincors were not to meet at Cumnock Church as violence was foreseen. The families were in dispute and elsewhere murders had taken place on the sabbath at churches. William Cunninghame of Caprington and his son and the laird of Lefnoreis and his son were to refrain from meeting with their men
467:
The estate belonged to the family until 1635 when it was purchased by
William, 2nd Earl of Dumfries. His heiress, Penelope, married the second son of the 1st Earl of Stair and the Dumfries title passed into the Dalrymple family. The Crichton-Stuarts, Marquesses of Bute inherited Dumfries House and
278:
The name of the fortification is commonly recorded as variations of both
Lefnoreis and Lochnorris with the former version more widely used on maps and many other variations in spelling and title, such as the Ward of Lefnorris, Tower of Lefnoreis, Lefnoreise, Ward of Lochnoris, Lochnoreis, Tower of
389:
Paterson records that
Lefnoreis was a tower known as the 'Ward'. Lord Bute in 1897 carried out extensive excavations at the castle's site and discovered part of the walls of a fortification of considerable strength and also a causeway composed using water-worn stones. In 1885 the foundations had
408:. 1756 is the first date recorded for the well although the well's name suggests a pre-reformation date that would make it contemporary with Leifnorris Castle. Until 1944 the well designed by Robert Adam stood as a small square structure with four arched openings and a pyramidal roof.
401:(NS 53951 20350) is the oldest dated building on the estate and is contemporary with Lefnoreis Castle. Another date of 1851 implies a restoration date. The armorial panel above the doorway is of the McDoualls of Freugh who in 1720 married into the Crichton family.
464:. On the third of October 1528 the laird of Leiffnoris was at Mauchline Castle in the company of the bailie of the Barony of Kylesmuir, Hugh Campbell and the lairds of Ardgowan, Haining, Caprington and Ochiltree. It was the eve of the annual Mauchline Fair.
525:
In 1550 Agnes
Craufurd, the Lady of Lefnoreis, was abducted and carried away for some time by fellow Craufurds. It seems that her husband had died without an heir and following the abduction a George Craufurd inherited the lands and castle.
537:
In 1578 George
Craufurd of Lefnoreis was fined £2000 for allowing James Elliot, an infamous border's reiver, to escape from his custody at the castle. In 1609 another George Craufurd of Lefnoreis was imprisoned in
542:
for bearing arms and assisting fugitives. In 1560 and 1572 George
Craufurd sat in the Scottish parliament and in 1589 William Craufurd was appointed as a commissioner to ensure that all
390:
still been visible above ground, the building being demolished circa 1759. The old
Lefnoreis walled garden stood near the recently restored Lady's Well (2018) that drains into the
321:
in documents until around 1800 in printed documents and well into the 19th century for written documents. The convention previously being to use a letter similar to an elongated
475:" This translates from heraldic terminology as a shield with a red background with a band of ermine running horizontally across and two gold stars above the horizontal band.
1188:
270:
was built with its foundations still evident in 1885 and another that stood elsewhere on the estate that was abandoned before 1635 and of which no remains survive.
266:
One recorded suggestion in regard of the occupied castle or fortified mansion is that two castles existed, one near the present day stables that was occupied until
1268:
529:
404:
To the west of the castle site and close to the site of the old
Lefnoreis walled garden lies the recently restored Lady's Well (2018) that drains into the
487:
from the Kennedy Clan. In 1512 the same William was involved in the murder of the laird of Corsintoune (sic) at Cumnock Church. This may refer to
67:
41:
1109:
1223:
256:
98:
856:"A mape of the west of Scotland containing Clydsdail, Nithsdail, Ranfrew, Shyre of Ayre, & Galloway / authore Jo. Adair. 1650-1722"
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William Dalrymple, 5th Earl of Dumfries, was responsible for commissioning John, Robert and James Adam to design and build
51:
37:
345:
had a short horizontal stroke to differentiate it. The intended pronunciation of the name might therefore be closer to
1273:
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1218:
522:'s and his supporters. In 1566 Knox records that the new Craufurd laird was a supporter of Protestantism.
461:
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The first recorded lairds of Lefnoreis were the Craufurds in 1440, a branch of the Craufurd family of
1283:
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Considerable confusion has arisen in the writing of the castle's name arising from the use of the
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Lefnoreis is recorded as being the most important of the three castles in the parish of
1318:
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at the church or suffer a large fine, the order remaining in force until 1 April 1609.
515:
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216:
1383:
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518:, later a Protestant martyr, from preaching in Ayr. In doing so he stood against the
416:
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31:
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Loch Doon Castle was taken from the Kennedy Clan by William Craufurd of Lefnoreis.
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405:
391:
228:
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between 1754–59, the old castle then being abandoned and the stone removed.
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215:(NS 53908 20515) lies about 100 yards north-west of the old stable block of
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Reformation and joined the Bishop of Glasgow in attempting to prevent
314:
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The 1671 Lefnoreis dovecote on the estate pre-dates Dumfries House.
227:, Scotland. The old castle stood on a natural rise overlooking the
835:"Coila Provincia (The province of Kyle). Timothy Pont. Blaeu 1654"
528:
380:
439:
The site of the Lefnoreis Tower from near Dumfries House stables.
373:
only applied to periods in which the male heir was a minor, etc.
499:
in the ambush that led to the death of the Earl of Cassillis at
1170:
510:
records that George Craufurd of Lefnoreis opposed the Scottish
483:
William Craufurd in 1510 was involved in the taking back of
361:
to be applied to a fortification's name. In Scottish Law a
1023:
The Mauchline Account Books of Melrose Abbey 1527 - 1528.
1131:
History of the Counties of Ayr and Wigton. Vol.1. Kyle.
495:. In 1527 George Craufurd accompanied the Campbells of
329:
being easily and often confused and interpreted as an
1009:
History of the counties of Ayr and Wigton. Vol.1 Kyle
944:
History of the counties of Ayr and Wigton. Vol.1 Kyle
656:
History of the counties of Ayr and Wigton. Vol.1 Kyle
557:
of Scotland issued an order that the Cunninghames of
471:
The coat of arms of the Craufurds of Lefnoreis was "
197:
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20:
550:had suffered physical injuries during the affray.
473:Gules, a Fess Ermine, and in Chief, two Stars. Or.
56:The site of Lefnoreis or Ward of Lochnorris Castle
1140:. 1992 Edition. Cumnock : Carn Publishing.
616:A cadet branch of the Craufurds of Craufurdland
1157:Video of the Leifnorris or Lochnorris Dovecote
1002:
1000:
998:
937:
935:
746:"Canmore - Dumfries House, Ward of Lochnorris"
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649:
647:
645:
643:
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8:
877:"Roy Military Survey of Scotland, 1747-1755"
829:
827:
450:Gules, a fess ermine, in chief two stars or.
790:
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768:
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337:for example apparently having the spelling
1189:
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333:. On the above mentioned maps this led to
17:
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442:
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369:" This implies that the use of the name
74:
961:"Canmore - Dumfries House, Lady's Well"
955:
953:
637:
546:were to leave the country for a month.
231:, built and held for many years by the
1162:The Craufurds of Lefnoreis family tree
279:Leifnorris, Liffnoris, Leifnoreis and
427:were part of the lands of Lefnoreis.
302:in 1747-1755. It is also recorded as
7:
1118:. Glasgow : The Grimsay Press.
1116:The Castles and Mansions of Ayrshire
982:"Canmore - Dumfries House, Dovecote"
729:The Castles and Mansions of Ayrshire
689:The Castles of Glasgow and the Clyde
811:"Robert Gordon 1636-52. Cunningham"
447:Arms of the Craufurds of Lefnoreis:
377:Description of the castle and lands
1104:. Musselburgh : Goblinshead.
919:"Dictionary of the Scots Language"
14:
1021:Sanderson, Margaret H.B. (1975).
411:The Craufurds also held lands in
731:. The Grimsay Press. p. 70.
620:List of castles in East Ayrshire
588:
73:
66:
50:
1133:Edinburgh : James Stillie.
235:. For consistency the spelling
146:Great Steward of Scotland Trust
286:It is recorded on old maps as
1:
1011:. James Stillie. p. 327.
946:. James Stillie. p. 331.
658:. James Stillie. p. 326.
274:The spelling of the placename
239:will be used throughout and
1136:Warrick, Rev. John (1899).
1084:. Goblinshead. p. 141.
1039:. Goblinshead. p. 558.
898:"Clan Crawford Association"
691:. Goblinshead. p. 118.
676:. Goblinshead. p. 130.
397:The 1671 dated dovecote at
357:It is unusual for the term
1416:
1138:The History of Old Cumnock
1067:The History of Old Cumnock
1052:The History of Old Cumnock
797:The History of Old Cumnock
775:The History of Old Cumnock
709:The History of Old Cumnock
325:, leading to a lower case
317:to represent a lower case
193:13th to early 17th century
1204:
1100:Coventry, Martin (2010).
1065:Rev John Warrick (1899).
1050:Rev John Warrick (1899).
795:Rev John Warrick (1899).
773:Rev John Warrick (1899).
707:Rev John Warrick (1899).
290:in the mid 17th century,
61:
49:
25:
1400:Tower houses in Scotland
1395:Castles in East Ayrshire
1390:History of East Ayrshire
1198:Castles in East Ayrshire
1152:Video of the Lady's Well
1129:Paterson, James (1863).
1080:Martin Coventry (2010).
1035:Martin Coventry (2010).
687:Gordon W. Mason (2013).
672:Martin Coventry (2010).
1114:Millar, A. H., (1885).
1007:James Paterson (1863).
942:James Paterson (1863).
654:James Paterson (1863).
604:Hugh Crawford (sheriff)
431:The Lairds of Lefnoreis
298:in 1685 and finally as
114:55.456614°N 4.3118274°W
534:
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255:, the other two being
1359:Templehouse Fortalice
614:Giffordland, Ayrshire
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119:55.456614; -4.3118274
1102:Castles of the Clans
1082:Castles of the Clans
1037:Castles of the Clans
674:Castles of the Clans
479:Historical incidents
207:The site of the old
1284:Kingencleugh Castle
1254:Craufurdland Castle
1214:Auchencloigh Castle
1069:. Carn. p. 49.
1054:. Carn. p. 50.
799:. Carn. p. 20.
777:. Carn. p. 21.
727:A.H.Millar (1885).
711:. Carn. p. 19.
110: /
1364:Terringzean Castle
1334:Ravenscraig Castle
535:
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308:Terringzean Castle
306:as is the near by
261:Terringzean Castle
213:Ward of Lochnorris
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1344:Robertland Castle
1234:Caprington Castle
1110:978-1-899874-36-1
520:Earl of Glencairn
205:
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1339:Riccarton Castle
1319:Martnaham Castle
1314:Mauchline Castle
1304:Loch Doon Castle
1299:Lefnoreis Castle
1249:Corsehill Castle
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138:Site information
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223:, Parish of
212:
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177:13th century
169:Site history
151:Open to
15:
1354:Sorn Castle
1289:Kyle Castle
1259:Dean Castle
1219:Barr Castle
1025:AANHS. p.93
489:Coursington
406:Lugar Water
392:Lugar Water
253:Old Cumnock
229:Lugar Water
225:Old Cumnock
190:In use
164:No remnants
117: /
93:Coordinates
1384:Categories
626:References
559:Caprington
512:Protestant
493:Motherwell
421:Blackettle
339:Liffnorris
335:Lissnorris
300:Lissnorris
102:55°27′24″N
34:, Scotland
987:27 August
966:27 August
924:28 August
903:27 August
882:27 August
861:27 August
840:27 August
816:27 August
751:27 August
508:John Knox
501:Prestwick
413:Ochiltree
347:Lesnories
294:in 1654,
281:Lefnoryis
241:Lefnoreis
198:Materials
185:Craufurds
161:Condition
105:4°18′43″W
582:See also
563:Dalkeith
506:In 1544
468:estate.
296:Lesnoris
237:Craufurd
1094:Sources
544:Jesuits
497:Loudoun
462:Galston
247:History
28:Cumnock
1122:
1108:
425:Beauch
315:Long s
631:Notes
491:near
460:near
288:Lesno
201:Stone
174:Built
143:Owner
133:Tower
1120:ISBN
1106:ISBN
989:2018
968:2018
926:2018
905:2018
884:2018
863:2018
842:2018
818:2018
753:2018
423:and
415:and
371:Ward
365:is "
363:Ward
359:Ward
353:Ward
259:and
130:Type
219:in
211:or
156:Yes
36:UK
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