366:), with Lyuh Woon-hyung from the People's Party of Korea, as well as the provisional government, gathered and discussed the trusteeship. They recognized that the Moscow Conference had secured the independence of Korea. Thus, trusteeship should be solved by the government to be established in the future. This meeting was significant, since it not only saw agreement between the major parties of the left and right wings after independence, but also a formal agreement between the left and right regarding the decisions of the Moscow Conference. However, this agreement was revoked less than a day later, because of the opposition to it by the conservatives of the Korea Democratic Party and moderate politicians of the provisional government. It now seemed to be impossible to find a compromise between the supporters and opponents of the trusteeship,.
325:
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which was led by Kim Ku and
Syngman Rhee. On 27 December, the day after the conference ended, Kim Kyu-sik stated his disapproval of the trusteeship, but he eventually admitted the inevitability of the trusteeship. Ahn Chai-hong was also initially against the trusteeship but later acquiesced. Within the Korea Democratic Party, Song Jin-woo insisted on being prudent about the trusteeship and met with the KPG at
405:
573:, some progressive officers of the US Department of State were imprisoned and accused of being communist sympathizers; and the US's Korea policies rapidly changed to favoring an anti-communist stance. Moreover, reacting to the presence of communist-occupied Joseon (North Korea) influenced the US military government, and political moderates faced several assassination attempts by terrorists.
97:
36:
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In
December 1947, the Left–Right Coalition Committee confronted its failure and officially disbanded. Thus, the Left–Right Coalition Movement to establish a "unified provisional government" faced frustration, failed its attempt, and the Korean Peninsula saw the establishment of a separate government
605:
At this point, the US military government reinforced suppression of the left, such as
Communist Party of Korea, and supported the Left–Right Coalition Movement. As the Cold War intensified, however, the US military government retracted its promise to support the coalition in March 1947 and supported
576:
Under these circumstances, on May 21, 1947, the 2nd US-Soviet Joint
Committee was resumed. Political parties and organization of the Right, which opposed trusteeship before the meeting of the US-Soviet Joint Committee, refused to cooperate with the Joint Committee. Some moderate members of the Korea
471:
In the process of discussion for the seven principles, the United States Army
Military Government in Korea would support the Left–Right Coalition indirectly because its support for the Right had reached an impasse. Having lost its faith in Syngman Rhee and Ku Kim, the US military government returned
416:
As the conflict between the left and right intensified, the moderates feared that the South and North would be divided and that the US-Soviet Joint
Commission would not be resumed. The moderates—including Lyuh, Kim Kyu-sik, and Ahn—took the lead in establishing the Left–Right Coalition Committee in
609:
For a while, the coalition, led by the moderates—Kim Kyu-sik, Lyuh, and Ahn—desired the establishment of a unified provisional government. As the conflicts between the left and right intensified, the moderates experienced several incidents of terror and threats against their lives from the radical
463:
The seven principles had significant meaning beyond ideology and ideas since it was the precious fruit of concession by the left and right in a chaotic, divided political situation. Of the seven principles, the
Article 3 (concerning land reform) and Article 4 (suppressing pro-Japanese groups) were
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Regarding land reform, with confiscation with conditions or confiscation and sales of land with degression, to distribute land to tenant farmers free of charge, to handle bases and large buildings of towns appropriately, to nationalize major industries, to establish autonomous regional governments
431:
The Left–Right
Coalition Movement's ultimate goal was to unify Korea, with a unified government that had a moderate ideology. The Committee discussed five issues brought up by the left and eight issues brought up by the right and agreed upon seven principles in October 1946, three months after its
388:
In March 1946, the first US-Soviet Joint
Commission was held. The Soviet Union agreed to "give the right to participate in the united provisional government to those who would support the Moscow Conference", but the United States stated that they should "give the right to participate in the united
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On the other hand, the moderates and communists, including Pak and the
Communist Party of Korea, never had a positive opinion of the coalition. In May 1946, after the occurrence involving counterfeit money of Jeongpansa, suppression of communists and arrest orders against executives of communist
343:
of December 1945, conflict between the left and right intensified over the issue of the proposed four-power trusteeship. From the left-wing, Pak Hon-yong announced a statement in support of the trusteeship, while the right-wing censored Pak's statement and initiated an anti-trusteeship movement,
589:
trusteeship should be opposed by national unity after establishing a new provisional government". Along with the successful promotion of the US-Soviet Joint Committee, the Left–Right Coalition Committee was concerned even more than the moderates in establishing a unified provisional government.
467:
The Korea Democratic Party opposed these principles while stating that, among the methods proposed for land reform (confiscation with payment and free distribution), free distribution would induce a financial catastrophe. On the other hand, the Communist Party of Korea opposed confiscation with
613:
Following this, on July 19, 1947, Lyuh, the central figure of the moderate left and right and a central figure of Left–Right Coalition Movement, was assassinated; and the Left–Right Coalition Movement itself lost its ability to proceed further. Soon, in October 1947, the second US-Soviet Joint
588:
In the turn of events, for the left, moderates, and most of the Right, participation in the US-Soviet Joint Committee became inevitable in establishing a unified provisional government; and they decided to take part in the US-Soviet Joint Committee under conditions such as that "issues with
334:
on December 27, 1945. The article reads, "The issue of Joseon independence was discussed at the Moscow Conference (1945). The Soviet Union claims trusteeship; the Soviet Union's rationale is the divisional occupation of the 38th parallel north, and the United States' immediate claim of
513:, they had a head-on collision with the US military government. Therefore, communists called the activists of the Left–Right Coalition Movement as "opportunists seeking for a connection with the US military government", and adopted an extremely negative opinion of the coalition.
580:
On May 23, 1947, the moderates of the Left–Right Coalition Committee issued a statement to say that their greatest goal, resumption of the joint committee, had been achieved and that they should "establish a unified democratic provisional government as soon as possible", under
223:
that brought together Korean politicians from across the political spectrum. It eventually failed in its goal due to increasing political polarization and the loss of the support of the United States, which adopted a firmer anti-communist stance around the beginning of the
549:, stated that "opportunists were found in the radical left and right" and that although Kim Kyu-sik, Ahn, Lyuh, and Jo So-ang, etc., had received death threats, they decided that the risk was worth taking for the establishment of a unified nation-state.
476:(to an interim legislative body of the US military government) in December 1946. Hence, in 1946, the Left–Right Coalition, unifying the left and right of the reasonable and moderate, with its center led by Lyuh and Kim Kyu-sik, made its sudden rise.
532:
According to a survey of 8,000 participants conducted by the military government in August 1946, responses indicating preferred forms of government were as follows: popular politics (representative politics), 85%; class dictatorship, 3%;
451:
Regarding the unification of the South and North, to attempt to release political activists, arrested under the current political authority, and to prevent any terroristic actions of the Left and Right of the South and North
472:
to supporting moderate politicians, such as Lyuh and Kim Kyu-sik, in seeking another way. With such intervention and indirect support of the military government, the movement gained momentum and constituted and enacted the
484:
Regarding the Left–Right Coalition Movement, the Korea Independence Party and Shinhan-major Party, led by Kim Ku, officially stated its endorsement. While internally agreeing to the establishment of a sole government of
528:
During the period of US military governments after independence, Kim Kyu-sik's and Lyuh's calls for the "Establishment of a democratic state by the coalition of the left and right" received widespread public support.
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parties by the United States Army Military Government in Korea became even more serious. As communist parties become radicalized and responded to the US military government with a general strike in September and the
437:
According to the decision of the Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers, which had secured the democratic independence of Joseon, to establish a democratic provisional government with a coalition of the Left and
315:– prudent regarding the issue of trusteeship and desired to establish a unified government of the South and North with the Left–Right Coalition Movement, as well as resumption of the US-Soviet Joint Commission.
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To propose ordinances to hand pro-Japanese groups and traitors to the country to the legislative body of the Coalition Committee for the committee to reach a decision via a hearing and to execute its decision.
445:
based on labor regulations and political liberty, to handle issues, such as currency and public welfare, quickly, and to strive for accomplishment of tasks for the establishment of a democratic state.
489:, there were many of those who opposed the coalition. The opinion of the chairman of Korea Independence Party, Kim Ku, had a rather indifferent attitude, rather than participating enthusiastically.
455:
Regarding the legislative body, for the Coalition Committee to file an alternative draft for its authority, methods of the constitution, and operation of it, and to execute it promptly.
497:
opposed the idea. The Korea Independence Party appeared to be passive about the Left–Right Coalition, as there was much criticism of the coalition in relation to how to deal with the
597:
468:
payment as benefiting landlords, and also opposed that the decision of a legislative body could not overrule the veto of the United States Army Military Government in Korea.
114:
60:
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The committee consisted of the moderates from the right, including Kim Kyu-sik, Ahn, Won Sehun, Choi Dongoh, Kim Bungjun, and Kim Yaksu; and from the left, including Lyuh,
283:
252:
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743:그러나, 정작 좌우합작운동에 가장 강경하게 반대를 했던것은 박헌영의 조선공산당을 비롯한 극좌파 세력이었다. (이는 북조선에서도 강하게 비판하였다.) 그들 입장에서 좌우합작운동은 '미제에 의해 떠밀리다시피 추진된 것이고, 좌익세력을 분열시키려는 미제의 술책이라 보았기 때문이었다.
493:, an insider of Korea Independence Party, was critical of the coalition, since an "agenda of trusteeship should guarantee anti-trusteeship." Meanwhile,
849:
501:(collaborators). Syngman Rhee also had a rather ambiguous opinion of the coalition, while Chinilpa groups and the Korea Democratic Party, including
161:
396:. He wanted to establish a sole government, and a rally "to establish a sole government" was held by the National Front for Democracy Commission.
133:
389:
provisional government to all the political parties". When it was not possible to find a compromise, the commission was postponed indefinitely.
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that reported Syngman Rhee's statement, in Jeongeup on June 3, 1946, that claimed the establishment of an independent South Korean government.
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By 1947, the politicians of the US had failed in their attempt to cooperate with the Soviet Union. Following this and facing the rise of
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the most important. Some on the committee strongly opposed the principles and even criticized the Left–Right Coalition Movement itself.
362:
On January 8, the leaders of the four Korean political parties (Korea Democratic Party, National Association, Communist Party of Korea,
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in South Korea. Though the Left–Right Coalition Movement had failed, its aim was carried into south–north negotiations by Kim Kyu-sik.
147:
839:
259:
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78:
129:
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300:– left-wing party that supported the agreement of the Moscow Conference and desired a unified government of the South and North.
780:은 언필칭 탁치절대 반대 법통존중성등을 내세우는듯하나 우리가 의외이리만치 의혹을 느끼는것은 친일파소청을 위해서 하등 이렇다할 구호나 행동도 실지에 있어없다는 사실이다.'라면서 한독당의 좌우합작에 대한 소극적 태도를 비판했다.
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with Kim Seong-su, had a pretty negative opinion of the coalition, as it could mean the fall of the Korea Democratic Party.
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Democratic Party, however, insisted on participating, without pre-condition; and some moderates defected from the party.
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In June 1946, the conflict between the left and right severely intensified, due to the statement of Syngman Rhee in
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Committee disbanded; and the United States transferred its authority over issues with the Korean Peninsula to the
51:
280:– right-wing party that opposed the trusteeship and desired the establishment of a sole government in the South.
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May 1947. Picture of 2nd US–Soviet Joint Commission. From the right, Lyuh, Kim Kyu-sik, Lee Myomuk, Maleek,
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in establishing a unified, peninsula-wide government after Japanese occupation. To this end, it formed a
412:, where the US–Soviet Joint Commission sat and the conference of Left–Right Coalition Movement was held.
290:– right-wing party that opposed the trusteeship and desired a united government of the South and North.
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458:
To attempt to guarantee freedom of journalism, assembly, publication, transportation, and elections.
732:이나 극우 반공주의 노선으로 활동한 친일파 출신들이 대부분이었다. 오늘날 일부 보수세력들은 좌우합작운동에 대해 이부분을 '결국은 적화통일로 이어진다.'며 맹렬히 비판하고 있다.
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To issue a joint communique to requesting quick resumption of US-Soviet Joint Committee
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and Korea Democratic Party opposed the coalition and were absent from its events.
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at 10 p.m. on 29 December. However, the following day, Song was assassinated by
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359:, a member of the right-wing terrorist organization the White Shirts Society.
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in 1946. It sought to promote cooperation between the left and right-wing of
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751:등 극좌 세력이 원하는 통일은 '폭력혁명 혹은 전쟁을 통해 미군을 쫓아내어 통일하자는 것'이었다. 때문에 좌우합작운동 참여는 오히려
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424:, Seong Jusik, Jang Geonsang, Lee Young, Jeong Nosik, Jeong Baek, and
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December 1947, disbanding ceremony of Left–Right Coalition Movement
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565:(Commander of the Soviet Union military government), and Heo Heon
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July 1946 and elected Kim Kyu-sik as chairman of the committee.
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545:, 7%. Regarding this, Suh Jung-seok, a history professor at
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First US-Soviet Joint Commission and Statement in Jeongeup
585:, as stated in the Seven Principles of the Coalition.
251:, there were a number of political movements in the
266:– for the Rapid Realization of Korean Independence.
121:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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253:United States Army Military Government in Korea
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432:establishment. The seven principles were:
56:Prose; grammar, concision, and formatting.
181:Learn how and when to remove this message
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803:이정식, <여운형 - 시대와 사상을 초월한 융화주의자> 참고.
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474:1946 South Korean legislative election
7:
719:<<여운형 평전>>- 이기형 지음. p458
696:<지배자의 국가/민중의 나라>, 서중석 지음. p159
119:adding citations to reliable sources
824:<여운형 평전>,이기형 지음. 실천문학사. p470
815:<여운형 평전>,이기형 지음. 실천문학사. p469
516:Thus, the left and right from the
328:A front-page article published in
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537:in relation to the system, 70%;
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850:1946 in international relations
130:"Left–Right Coalition Movement"
106:needs additional citations for
677:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
221:Left–Right Coalition Committee
203:
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518:Workers' Party of South Korea
284:Korean Provisional Government
195:Left–Right Coalition Movement
18:Left-Right Coalition Movement
378:A front-page article in the
207:) was a movement during the
54:. The specific problem is:
27:Political movement in Korea
871:
855:Allied occupation of Korea
235:
840:Aftermath of World War II
674:[Song Jin-woo].
652:Korea Independence Party
294:Communist Party of Korea
647:People's Party of Korea
593:Failure and dissolution
547:Sungkyunkwan University
511:Autumn Uprising of 1946
364:People's Party of Korea
642:Korea Democratic Party
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320:1945 Moscow Conference
270:Korea Democratic Party
759:등 온건우파 세력들이 많이 참여했었다.
606:the political right.
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400:Development and goals
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260:National Association
115:improve this article
61:improve this article
50:to meet Knowledge's
734:"좌우합작하느니 시골서 닭키우겠다"
303:Moderates, such as
249:liberation of Korea
793:"해방정국 좌우합작 지지 많았다"
739:2010-03-09 at the
632:First United Front
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346:their headquarters
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243:Political factions
709:몽양의 죽음으로 좌절된 좌우합작
341:Moscow Conference
238:Division of Korea
209:division of Korea
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776:의 사설에 따르면, '
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681:. Retrieved
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452:immediately.
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350:Han Hyeon-wu
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298:Pak Hon-yong
278:Kim Seong-su
274:Song Jin-woo
264:Syngman Rhee
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113:Please help
108:verification
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59:Please help
55:
44:
672:"송진우 (宋鎭禹)"
583:Kim Kyu-sik
571:McCarthyism
541:, 14%; and
426:Yi Kang-guk
353: [
339:During the
309:Kim Kyu-sik
201::
63:if you can.
834:Categories
772:사설 내용 발췌.
683:2023-07-24
658:References
553:Solidarity
539:capitalism
495:Sin Ik-hui
410:Deoksugung
247:After the
236:See also:
232:Background
141:newspapers
543:communism
535:socialism
491:Jo So-ang
480:Reactions
296:, led by
272:, led by
262:, led by
213:centrists
69:July 2023
737:Archived
626:See also
499:Chinilpa
394:Jeongeup
226:Cold War
45:require
670:송, 남헌.
211:led by
155:scholar
47:cleanup
438:Right.
422:Ho Hon
288:Kim Ku
204:좌우합작운동
199:Korean
157:
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128:
357:]
217:Korea
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778:한독당
757:김병로
755:이나
753:안재홍
749:박헌영
745:김일성
730:한민당
117:by
836::
808:^
785:^
747:,
701:^
618:.
428:.
355:ko
311:,
307:,
255:.
228:.
686:.
197:(
184:)
178:(
173:)
169:(
159:·
152:·
145:·
138:·
111:.
82:)
76:(
71:)
67:(
20:)
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