422:
113:
17:
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373:
249:
152:(鬼, "spirit" or "ghost") on Lei Ting curse charms at both extremes of the inscription to be written in Taoist Fuwen as opposed to with Hanzi characters, and although the religious sects and orders of Taoism usually wish for the meaning of Fuwen characters to remain a secret the Fu characters used for these terms are actually well known.
216:
and fear seeing them as ghosts are once living people who have died, the ancient
Chinese people believed that ghosts themselves feared "dead ghosts" and would be equally startled in the same way humans feared regular ghosts and that charms and amulets that had the Chinese or Fuwen character for "dead
185:
The ancient
Chinese people believed that decrees and mandates issued by the government had absolutely authoritative power over them which expanded their belief that Hanzi characters somehow had magical properties. Taoist exorcists and priests claimed that they could use Hanzi characters and Fu script
163:
would roam the streets and throw spears into the air to scare evil spirits away, at the same time human prisoners would have their limbs dismembered and would be openly displayed outside the city gates to scare evil spirits away proclaiming that the same fate shall fall upon them if they dare go into
198:
whose job it is to punish people guilty of moral crimes such as unfilial sons or daughter as well as evil entities using the Taoist magic to harm others. The reason why Laozi was selected to be the one decreeing the order was because he was a prestigious figure who had the power needed to enforce
211:
in the year 1013 AD. Like government decrees inscriptions on Lei Ting curse charms would carry phrases such as "quickly, quickly, this is an order" or "respect this command" to emulate them. Some curse charms contain the
Chinese character for "dead ghost" as living people are startled to see a
737:
Taoist
Transcendence and Thunder Magic, As seen in the Great Rituals of Heavenly Ting of Metal and Fire in the Divine Empyrean (神霄金火天丁大法) by Florian C. Reiter. (Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft Vol. 161, No. 2 (2011), pp. 415-444) Published by: Harrassowitz
389:
God of
Thunder use your thunderbolts, God of Thunder use your thunderbolts to kill malicious ghosts and send purity down to the world. Separate the heads from the demons, expel that which is malicious and keep us safe from harm forever more. Receive this edict from
136:(霆) meaning "thunderbolts" as these thunderbolts would be used for the destruction of malicious spirits as it is the noise of the thunder produced by the drums hold by Leigong that causes death of the wrong doers. It is not uncommon for the characters
235:
These amulets were traditionally bought from Taoist masters and because they were often written in an exotic style and using Taoist "magic" writing, it was not uncommon for the inscriptions to be only readable by the Taoist masters who issued them.
367:
God of
Thunder vanquish and exterminate the malicious ghosts and bring us purity. Separate the heads from the demons, expel that which is malicious and keep us safe from harm forever more. Let this decree from Tai Shang Lao Jun (Laozi) be executed
158:
Lei Ting curse charms are an evolution of the ancient
Chinese belief that everything is controlled by spirits and evil spirits should be dealt with in the same manner as human adversaries should be treated, in Ancient China a large number of
172:
and after "the millet fell from the heavens and the spirits cried at night", this was because legends describe spirits of being afraid of being controlled by "the magical properties of
Chinese characters" as described in the
181:
Chinese numismatic charms started to be worn as pendants to protect its wearers from the influence of bogies and evil spirits. Leigong became one of the most commonly requested Taoist Gods to request for protection.
199:
said decree. In some cases rather than
Leigong Laozi himself was used to either scare away or kill bogies and malicious spirits. Laozi is often referred to as "Taishang Laojun" (
186:
to make decrees that influence the spiritual world, for this reason the inscriptions of Lei Ting curse charms resemble official decrees and documents issued by the government of
224:, a type of secret script used by Taoist priests which ancient Chinese people assigned magical properties to, charms containing images of various other Taoist deities such as
421:
1208:
888:
112:
132:" (雷公) or "Leishen" (雷神) who is the god of thunder and one of the officials in the celestial Ministry of Thunder and Storm who could punish on behalf of Heaven, and
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417:(which in this context refers to 符文, Fu script) will destroy the ten thousand ghosts everywhere, let this decree be acted upon as fast as Lü Ling.
1201:
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curses by saying that the Heaven is round and the earth is square, and exclaims the Nine Songs of the Six
Temperaments. The spirit of the
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1194:
515:
465:
Léi Tíng bā bù, zhū guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié, yǒng bǎo shén qīng, fèng Tài Shàng Lǎo Jūn, jí jí rú Lǜ Lìng, chì. (reverse)
839:
607:
553:
but has a four character obverse inscription and a four character reverse inscription, both of which the obverse is written in
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386:
léi tíng { léi tíng } shā guǐ xiáng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié yǒng bǎo shén qīng, fèng tài shàng lǎo jūn jí { jí } rú lǜ lìng chì
36:
865:
John Ferguson (www.sportstune.com), Vladimir Belyaev (www.charm.ru), Tan Kuan Yang Gilbert, and Sergey N. Shevtsov (1996).
44:
336:
Léi Tíng bā bù, zhū guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié, yǒng bǎo shén qīng, fèng Tài Shàng Lǎo Jūn, jí jí rú Lǜ Lìng, chì.
1253:
1238:
256:
70:
177:. As Hanzi characters were used on amulets magical powers were prescribed to them by the superstitious, during the
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978:
520:
104:
himself. In some cases these coin charms request that Leigong should act "with the speed of the law" - “急急如律令.”
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648:
66:
220:
Lei Ting curses appear on a wide variety of Chinese and Vietnamese numismatic charms such as those containing
1248:
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813:
407:
tài shàng zhòu yuē tiān yuán dì fāng, liù lǜ jiǔ, zhāng, fú shén dào chù wàn guǐ, miè wáng jí rú lǜ lìng
16:
364:
léi zǒu shā guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo chū xié yǒng bǎo, shén qíng fèng, tài shàng lǎo jūn jí jí zhī lìng
100:
incantation which usually calls upon Leigong by claiming that the inscription is in fact an order from
473:
O Thunder God, destroy devils, subdue bogies, and drive away evil influences. Receive this command of
468:
155:
The term "Lei Ting curse charm" is a term used primarily by Chinese collectors for these coin charms.
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207:: Tàishàng Lǎojūn) on Lei Ting curse charms, this title was posthumously given to him by the
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343:, destroy devils, subdue bogies, and drive away evil influences. Receive this command of
1065:
595:
List of illustrations wanted for F.A. Turk’s - INTRODUCTION TO CHINESE COIN-LIKE CHARMS
291:. Usually these curse charms request Leigong to fight malicious spirits and bogies but
228:, and other Lei Ting curse charms can have Taoist symbols on their reverse such as the
187:
169:
1268:
1161:
682:
Kainz, C. Chinesischen Tempelmünzen. Published in 1895. Pages 8, 19, 21, and 25. (in
673:
Edgar J.Mandel. Metal Charms and Amulets of China. Chapter: Magic spell incantations.
280:
97:
1013:
314:
225:
82:
840:"Amulette à l'invocation de Taishang Laojun - 太上老君 - Taishang Laojun prayer charm"
81:
but can also have round holes instead of square ones and may also be shaped like
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117:
25:
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by Scott Semans, Vladimir Belyaev, and Steve Young. Retrieved: 02 August 2018.
525:
792:
Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)
788:"Daoist (Taoist) Charms - 道教品壓生錢 - Introduction and History of Daoist Charms"
174:
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1175:
160:
74:
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279:
The inscriptions of Lei Ting curse charms are read up to down and then
195:
129:
93:
20:
Modern machine-made Lei Ting curse charms containing Taoist imagery in
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To protect (us) eternally and to (let us) enjoy a long life. (reverse)
204:
89:
52:
867:"Magic Spell combined with Eight Trigram - Section 6.1: Round shape"
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970:
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351:(a demon in the Taoist pantheon who is said to the fastest runner).
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Feng Shui Trader (Chinese Mythology - A Blog on Chinese Mythology)
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The following inscriptions are found on Lei Ting curse charms:
243:
608:"Amulette à invocation de Leiting - Leiting invocation charm"
557:, while the reverse is written in Taoist "Magic" writing (or
88:
Lei Ting curse charms contain inscriptions that request the
762:"Taoist Deities / Gods § The Thunder God ( 雷 公, Lei Gong )"
394:
himself and let this order be executed as fast as Lü Ling.
747:
Thierry, François Amulettes de Chine et du Viet-Nam. (in
240:
List of magic incantations found on Lei Ting curse charms
699:
by Yi and Ralf Thomann. Retrieved: 04 August 2018. (in
260:
631:
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96:
to expel evil spirits and maleficent bogies through a
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499:Thunder thunder thunder thunder thunder (obverse)
869:. Sportstune.com - Chinese coin and charm images
444:Thunderbolts of Leigong be commanded. (obverse)
1202:
986:
697:alte und antike chinesische Amulette (charms)
8:
887:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
549:This Lei Ting curse charm resembles regular
477:and execute it as fast as Lü Ling. (reverse)
718:"Amulets of Viet Nam (Bùa Việt-Nam - 越南符銭)"
460:雷霆八部，诛鬼降精，斩妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕 (reverse)
455:雷霆八部，誅鬼降精，斬妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕 (reverse)
1209:
1195:
1187:
993:
979:
971:
937:Cast Chinese Coins: A Historical Catalogue
844:François Thierry de Crussol (TransAsiart)
612:François Thierry de Crussol (TransAsiart)
581:
915:Amulette Chinas und seiner Nachbarländer
300:
295:may also be called upon for this task.
901:
574:
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164:the city. According to Chinese legends
880:
635:
593:Chinese Coinage Website (Charm.ru) –
561:) and are read top-bottom-right-left.
73:, these charms can be described as a
7:
124:The name "Lei Ting" (雷霆) comes from
128:(雷) which is an abbreviation for "
14:
383:雷霆{雷霆}杀鬼降精，斩妖辟邪永保神清，奉太上老君急{急}如律令敕
380:雷霆{雷霆}殺鬼降精，斬妖辟邪永保神清，奉太上老君急{急}如律令敕
333:雷霆八部，诛鬼降精，斩妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕
330:雷霆八部，誅鬼降精，斬妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕
194:and the person being decreed was
1027:
516:Chinese spiritual world concepts
420:
371:
283:. Inscriptions can contain both
247:
217:ghost" would scare ghosts away.
77:coin as they are often based on
168:characters were created by the
846:(in French). 14 September 2015
614:(in French). 14 September 2015
57:
48:
40:
1:
1038:Numismatic charms and amulets
494:Léi léi léi léi léi (obverse)
404:太上咒曰天元地方，六律九，章，符神到处万鬼，灭亡急如律，令
401:太上咒曰天元地方，六律九，章，符神到處萬鬼，滅亡急如律，令
463:Xián fēng tōng bǎo (obverse)
71:Vietnamese numismatic charms
814:""太上老君急急如律令"什么意思?__解释说道(…)"
501:Immediate command (reverse)
441:yǒng bǎo shòu kǎo (reverse)
439:Léi Tíng hào lìng (obverse)
209:Emperor of the Song dynasty
1301:
954:Zheng, Yiwei, ed. (2004).
361:雷走杀鬼降精，斩妖出邪永保，神情奉，太上老君急汲之令
358:雷走殺鬼降精，斬妖出邪永保，神情奉，太上老君急汲之令
347:and execute it as fast as
1285:Chinese numismatic charms
1222:
1170:
1141:Consumer voucher (Taiwan)
1025:
820:(in Chinese). 24 May 2009
716:Greenbaum, Craig (2006).
521:Ghosts in Chinese culture
649:"Chinese God of Thunder"
1217:Asian numismatic charms
1146:Triple Stimulus Voucher
935:Hartill, David (2005).
1007:Alternative currencies
960:Classic Chinese Charms
289:Taoist "magic" writing
222:Taoist "magic" writing
121:
29:
115:
63:Lôi Đình curse charms
33:Lei Ting curse charms
19:
1113:Vault protector coin
1088:Lei Ting curse charm
1061:Confucian coin charm
962:] (in Chinese).
261:adding missing items
148:(杀, "to kill"), and
1098:Marriage coin charm
1046:Buddhist coin charm
913:Grundmann, Horst -
655:. November 23, 2009
489:雷 雷 雷 雷 雷 (obverse)
484:雷 雷 雷 雷 雷 (obverse)
305:Traditional Chinese
232:(eight trigrams).
37:traditional Chinese
917:(2003). °382. (in
794:. 16 November 2016
496:chì lìng (reverse)
310:Simplified Chinese
285:Chinese characters
259:; you can help by
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79:Chinese cash coins
45:simplified Chinese
30:
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1133:Stimulus packages
1118:Taoist coin charm
946:978-1-4120-5466-9
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144:(令, "to order"),
116:A Lei ting curse
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966:: Wen Hua Press.
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434:雷霆号令 (obverse)
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429:雷霆號令 (obverse)
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902:Hartill 2005
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83:gourd charms
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58:fú zhòu qián
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818:Wuzhongzhan
555:seal script
341:Thunder God
322:translation
268:August 2018
179:Han dynasty
118:gourd charm
26:Netherlands
1269:Categories
1254:Vietnamese
1239:Indonesian
1232:Horse coin
1174:See also:
1103:Money tree
1093:Lock charm
1081:Hell money
1076:Joss paper
1071:Horse coin
1056:Coin-sword
636:Zheng 2004
569:References
551:cash coins
526:Horse coin
257:incomplete
75:talismanic
1280:Talismans
471:(obverse)
175:Huainanzi
161:exorcists
1244:Japanese
1176:Exonumia
883:cite web
873:7 August
850:4 August
824:1 August
798:1 August
772:2 August
659:2 August
618:4 August
510:See also
368:quickly.
203:: 太上老君;
108:Overview
1275:Amulets
1227:Chinese
929:Sources
738:Verlag.
723:3 March
349:Lü Ling
320:English
201:Chinese
196:Leigong
130:Leigong
94:Leigong
67:Chinese
1249:Korean
1155:Others
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919:German
768:. 2006
749:French
701:German
684:German
325:Image
226:Xuanwu
205:Pinyin
90:Taoist
61:), or
55::
53:pinyin
47::
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1019:Token
964:China
958:[
559:fuwen
537:Notes
411:Laozi
293:Laozi
230:Bagua
214:ghost
192:Laozi
166:Hanzi
140:(雷),
102:Laozi
22:Delft
956:花钱图典
941:ISBN
889:link
875:2020
852:2018
826:2018
800:2018
774:2018
725:2020
661:2018
620:2018
287:and
142:Ling
134:Ting
69:and
263:.
150:Gui
146:Sha
138:Lei
126:Lei
49:符咒钱
41:符咒錢
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