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453:"At this point, as again in the mid-eleventh century, we come across elections in which problems of harmonizing historical criteria and those of theology and canon law make it impossible to decide clearly which side possessed the legitimacy whose factual existence guarantees the unbroken lawful succession of the Successors of Saint Peter. The uncertainty that in some cases results has made it advisable to abandon the assignation of successive numbers in the list of the Popes."
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462:(who chronicled the events of this period) wrote, and if, as seems certain, no further protest was made against Leo's position, it has been the consensus of historians that he may be regarded as a true pope from July 964 to his death in 965. The fact that no one else attempted to claim the papacy during this time and that the next pope to assume the name Leo was consecrated
321:
troops. Leo, hoping to reach out to the Roman nobility, persuaded Otto to release the hostages he had taken from the leading Roman families in exchange for their continued good behaviour. However, once Otto left Rome around 12 January 964, the Romans again rebelled, and caused Leo to flee Rome and take refuge with Otto sometime in
February 964.
320:
on 6 December 963. The deposed John, however, still had a large body of sympathisers within Rome; he offered large bribes to the Roman nobility if they would rise up and overthrow Otto and kill Leo, and so, in early
January 964, the Roman people staged an uprising that was quickly put down by Otto's
457:
Due to Leo's uncanonical original election, it is now accepted that, at least until the deposition of
Benedict V, he was almost certainly an antipope. The deposition of John XII was almost certainly invalid, as John did not acquiesce, so the election of Benedict V almost certainly was canonical.
347:
while Leo was still alive. Benedict responded, "If I have sinned, have mercy on me." Having received a promise from the emperor that his life would be spared if he submitted, Benedict threw himself at Leo's feet and acknowledged his guilt. Brought before a
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404:. Although Leo certainly granted various concessions to his imperial patron, it is now believed that the "investiture" bulls associated with Leo were, if not completely fabricated during the
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256:. His instructions were to reassure the emperor that the pope was determined to correct the abuses of the papal court, as well as protest Otto's actions in demanding that cities in the
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The former pope was brought before Leo with
Benedict's clerical and lay supporters and clad in his pontifical robes. Benedict was asked how he dared to assume the chair of
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was torn from him, and his pastoral staff was broken over him by Leo. However, through the intercession of Otto, Benedict was allowed to retain the rank of
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Having been crowned by Otto, the remainder of Leo's pontificate was reasonably trouble-free. He issued numerous
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described him as venerable, energetic, and honourable. He had some streets dedicated to him in and around the
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Leo in the process. Leo remained with Otto, and, with the death of John XII in May 964, the Romans elected
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The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal
Anarchy, 891–999
388:
from the emperor. In addition, Leo is also claimed to have relinquished to Otto all the territory of the
236:(or superintendent of the Roman public schools for scribes) in the papal court during the pontificate of
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in the space of a day by Sico, the cardinal-bishop of Ostia, who then proceeded to consecrate him as
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and the right to nominate the pope, and all popes, archbishops, and bishops were to receive
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228:, Leo came from an illustrious noble family. He was the son of John, who held the office of
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56:
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5305:
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3126:
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440:
289:
240:. In 963, he was included in a party that John sent to the newly crowned
190:
174:
78:
280:
convened by the emperor uncanonically deposed John XII (who had fled to
185:
and again from 23 June 964 to his death. Today, he is considered by the
17:
5820:
5434:
5056:
4628:
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364:. Then, after having the Roman nobility swear an oath over the Tomb of
357:
301:
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to obey and be faithful to Leo, Otto departed Rome in late June 964.
361:
317:
313:
309:
284:). It proceeded to elect Leo VIII, who was the emperor's nominee, as
253:
245:
201:
4879:
4047:
4011:
2867:
281:
4052:
3771:
731:
682:
285:
219:
204:, Leo VIII's pontificate occurred after the period known as the
194:
136:
82:
5986:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the
Immaculate Heart of Mary
4953:
2871:
2425:
704:
492:
Lives of the Popes: The
Pontiffs from St. Peter to Benedict XVI
658:
Opera Omnia by Migne
Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes
449:
makes the following point about the pontificate of Leo VIII:
260:
take an oath of fidelity to the emperor instead of the pope.
2421:
173:
915 – 1 March 965) was a Roman prelate who claimed the
443:
for many years, his current status is still confusing. The
5875:
Dechristianization of France during the French
Revolution
328:
which in turn deposed Leo on 26 February 964, with John
288:
on 4 December 963. Since Leo was still a layman, he was
458:
However, if
Benedict did consent to his deposition as
5906:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
93:
26 February 964 (as antipope); 1 March 965 (as pope)
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34:
411:Leo VIII died on 1 March 965 and was succeeded by
5976:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
477:The History of Rome in the Middle Ages, Vol. III
466:also seems to indicate that he is a true pope.
324:John XII returned, and in February convened a
4965:
2883:
2437:
716:
8:
272:, Leo had been appointed protonotary to the
193:during the first period and the legitimate
27:Head of the Catholic Church from 964 to 965
5991:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
5941:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5360:
5349:
5132:
4972:
4958:
4950:
4812:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3753:
3268:
2953:
2890:
2876:
2868:
2746:
2670:
2444:
2430:
2422:
2190:
723:
709:
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662:
55:
31:
268:By the time Otto entered Rome to depose
611:
505:
248:, who was besieging the deposed King
7:
177:from 963 until 964 in opposition to
5845:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
623:Mann, pg. 281; Gregorovius, pg. 356
232:. Although a layperson, he was the
197:during the second. An appointee of
5400:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
25:
6207:
6195:
5526:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5481:Second Council of Constantinople
4934:
4933:
4922:
4890:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4438:Criticism of the Catholic Church
2850:
2840:
2839:
2403:
2392:
2391:
6270:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
5496:Third Council of Constantinople
5420:First Council of Constantinople
3057:First seven ecumenical councils
439:Although Leo was considered an
88:
72:
5735:Dissolution of the monasteries
5001:History of the Catholic Church
3632:Separation of church and state
1:
5609:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5584:Second Council of the Lateran
5193:Apostles in the New Testament
2805:Conclavist/post-Sedevacantist
392:that had been granted to the
170:
130:
5723:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5589:Third Council of the Lateran
5579:First Council of the Lateran
5035:Catholic ecumenical councils
490:McBrien, Richard P. (2000).
352:convened by Leo, Benedict's
252:at the castle of St. Leo in
6286:
5069:History of the Roman Curia
4929:Catholic Church portal
6190:
5805:European wars of religion
5116:Eastern Catholic Churches
4917:
4855:Aid to the Church in Need
4476:Vatican Television Center
4121:Eastern Catholic Churches
2905:
2835:
2782:Apostles of Infinite Love
2387:
742:
689:
680:
672:
665:
575:Gregorovius, pgs. 350–351
222:in the region around the
157:
54:
47:
5936:Mary of the Divine Heart
5559:Clash against the empire
5511:Second Council of Nicaea
5405:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4797:Communion and Liberation
4261:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3426:Mystici Corporis Christi
3354:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
2663:Late Middle Ages /
530:Mann, pgs. 260 & 280
512:Mann, pgs. 255 & 280
475:Gregorovius, Ferdinand,
151:1 March 965 (aged c. 50)
6202:Vatican City portal
5554:Investiture Controversy
5410:First Council of Nicaea
3612:Philosophy of canon law
3542:Mariology of the saints
3122:Investiture Controversy
2205:During the Roman Empire
429:descensus Leonis Prothi
406:Investiture Controversy
6250:10th-century antipopes
6214:Catholicism portal
6025:Second Vatican Council
5911:Our Lady of La Salette
5718:Protestant Reformation
5705:Protestant Reformation
5624:Second Council of Lyon
5013:Ecclesiastical history
4865:Catholic Charities USA
4499:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4487:Vatican Polyglot Press
3537:Mariology of the popes
3175:Protestant Reformation
2857:Catholicism portal
2410:Catholic Church Portal
2270:Conflicts with the HRE
667:Catholic Church titles
455:
159:Other popes named Leo
5921:First Vatican Council
5619:First Council of Lyon
5383:Constantine the Great
5079:Christian monasticism
4619:Good Shepherd Sisters
4461:Holy See Press Office
3699:Doctors of the Church
3532:Immaculate Conception
3487:Anointing of the Sick
3022:History of the papacy
2634:Victor IV (1159–1164)
2186:History of the papacy
451:
6098:Sexual abuse scandal
6007:Mit brennender Sorge
5850:Age of Enlightenment
5629:Bernard of Clairvaux
5506:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5445:Council of Chalcedon
5225:Council of Jerusalem
5094:Role in civilization
5074:Religious institutes
5006:By country or region
4492:L'Osservatore Romano
4430:Role in civilisation
4156:Croatian and Serbian
3904:Episcopal conference
3866:St. Peter's Basilica
3224:Sexual abuse scandal
3180:Catholic Reformation
2348:Revolutionary Papacy
2342:Age of Enlightenment
584:Gregorovius, pg. 354
557:Gregorovius, pg. 349
548:Gregorovius, pg. 348
460:Liutprand of Cremona
354:episcopal ordination
250:Berengar II of Italy
5926:Papal infallibility
5916:Our Lady of Lourdes
5865:Shimabara Rebellion
5709:Counter-Reformation
4827:Neocatechumenal Way
4792:Charismatic Renewal
4506:Annuario Pontificio
4104:Particular churches
3780:Ecumenical councils
3552:Perpetual virginity
3387:Communitas perfecta
3331:Sermon on the Mount
2195:Antiquity and Early
1999:17th–21st centuries
1713:13th–16th centuries
633:Annuario Pontificio
446:Annuario Pontificio
264:Struggle for papacy
81:); 23 June 964 (as
77:6 December 963 (as
6255:10th-century popes
5971:Our Lady of Fátima
5760:Ignatius of Loyola
5684:Catherine of Siena
5652:Pope Boniface VIII
5471:Benedict of Nursia
5440:Council of Ephesus
5277:Ante-Nicene period
5230:Split with Judaism
5064:Crusading movement
4664:Premonstratensians
3047:Ante-Nicene period
2925:Lists of Catholics
2330:Reformation Papacy
2324:Renaissance Papacy
2266:(1012–1044 / 1048)
2219:Ostrogothic Papacy
1312:9th–12th centuries
539:Mann, pgs. 260–261
521:Mann, pgs. 255–256
424:Clivus Argentarius
418:Liber Pontificalis
242:Holy Roman emperor
225:Clivus Argentarius
199:Holy Roman Emperor
153:Rome, Papal States
6222:
6221:
6182:COVID-19 pandemic
6160:Pope Benedict XVI
6065:Pope John Paul II
5840:Pope Benedict XIV
5826:French Revolution
5810:Thirty Years' War
5800:Robert Bellarmine
5785:John of the Cross
5689:Pope Alexander VI
5674:Council of Vienne
5604:Francis of Assisi
5594:Pope Innocent III
5463:Early Middle Ages
5457:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5395:Arian controversy
5348:
5347:
5296:Apostolic Fathers
4947:
4946:
4357:
4356:
3750:
3573:
3572:
3265:
3242:
3241:
3234:COVID-19 pandemic
3204:French Revolution
3194:Thirty Years' War
3102:Islamic conquests
3015:Apostolic fathers
2950:
2865:
2864:
2831:
2830:
2729:
2728:
2506:Early Middle Ages
2419:
2418:
2383:
2382:
2275:Wandering Papacy
2238:Saeculum obscurum
2211:Under Constantine
1016:5th–8th centuries
810:1st–4th centuries
794:papal resignation
699:
698:
690:Succeeded by
482:Mann, Horace K.,
356:was revoked, his
207:saeculum obscurum
164:
163:
16:(Redirected from
6277:
6212:
6211:
6200:
6199:
6198:
6177:Patriarch Kirill
6050:Pope John Paul I
5855:Anti-clericalism
5835:Pope Innocent XI
5755:Society of Jesus
5740:Council of Trent
5694:Age of Discovery
5639:Late Middle Ages
5541:High Middle Ages
5531:East–West Schism
5415:Pope Sylvester I
5361:
5350:
5260:General epistles
5255:Pauline epistles
5188:John the Baptist
5171:Great Commission
5133:
5084:Catholic culture
4974:
4967:
4960:
4951:
4937:
4936:
4927:
4926:
4669:Redemptoristines
4517:Religious orders
4443:Anti-Catholicism
4393:Church buildings
4253:Catholic liturgy
3993:Consecrated life
3851:Apostolic Palace
3818:Synod of Bishops
3754:
3730:
3336:Ten Commandments
3269:
3251:
3152:Age of Discovery
2986:Great Commission
2954:
2938:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2869:
2855:
2854:
2843:
2842:
2747:
2671:
2629:Victor IV (1138)
2547:High Middle Ages
2446:
2439:
2432:
2423:
2407:
2395:
2394:
2315:Early Modern and
2225:Byzantine Papacy
2191:
725:
718:
711:
702:
673:Preceded by
663:
645:
642:
636:
630:
624:
621:
615:
609:
603:
600:
594:
593:Mann, pgs. 275-6
591:
585:
582:
576:
573:
567:
564:
558:
555:
549:
546:
540:
537:
531:
528:
522:
519:
513:
510:
495:
494:. HarperCollins.
427:, including the
382:Kingdom of Italy
234:protoscriniarius
189:to have been an
172:
132:
118:Personal details
59:
32:
21:
6285:
6284:
6280:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6274:
6225:
6224:
6223:
6218:
6206:
6196:
6194:
6186:
6108:World Youth Day
6086:
6075:World Youth Day
6019:Pacem in terris
6013:Pope John XXIII
5952:
5879:
5870:Edict of Nantes
5828:
5824:
5814:
5780:Teresa of Ávila
5775:Tridentine Mass
5711:
5707:
5698:
5679:Knights Templar
5633:
5535:
5491:Gregorian chant
5449:
5375:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5356:
5344:
5271:
5140:
5128:
5120:
4987:
4985:Catholic Church
4978:
4948:
4943:
4921:
4913:
4892:
4875:Relief Services
4841:
4787:Catholic Action
4777:Military orders
4714:Confraternities
4706:of the faithful
4705:
4698:
4520:
4511:
4447:
4353:
4247:
4106:
4098:
4031:Prior, Prioress
3987:
3880:
3876:Vatican Museums
3827:
3760:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3723:
3648:
3602:Social teaching
3569:
3508:
3453:
3408:One true church
3372:
3349:Sixtine Vulgate
3345:Official Bible
3259:
3255:
3250:
3238:
3156:
3088:
3033:
3003:Petrine primacy
2946:
2942:
2937:
2929:
2901:
2899:Catholic Church
2896:
2866:
2861:
2849:
2827:
2799:
2776:
2738:
2725:
2702:
2664:
2658:
2542:
2501:
2455:
2450:
2420:
2415:
2379:
2362:(1929–present)
2316:
2310:
2264:Tusculan Papacy
2256:
2250:
2231:Frankish Papacy
2196:
2180:
1994:
1708:
1307:
1011:
805:
738:
736:Catholic Church
729:
695:
686:
678:
654:
649:
648:
643:
639:
631:
627:
622:
618:
610:
606:
601:
597:
592:
588:
583:
579:
574:
570:
565:
561:
556:
552:
547:
543:
538:
534:
529:
525:
520:
516:
511:
507:
502:
489:
472:
437:
398:Pepin the Short
374:
330:excommunicating
266:
216:
187:Catholic Church
152:
143:
134:
129:
128:
68:Catholic Church
43:
40:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6283:
6281:
6273:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6227:
6226:
6220:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6204:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6105:
6100:
6094:
6092:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6082:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6015:
6010:
6003:
5998:
5996:Lateran Treaty
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5962:
5960:
5954:
5953:
5951:
5950:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5887:
5885:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5831:
5829:
5821:Baroque period
5819:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5790:Peter Canisius
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5765:Francis Xavier
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5729:Exsurge Domine
5725:
5720:
5714:
5712:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5669:Pope Clement V
5666:
5665:
5664:
5662:Avignon Papacy
5657:Western Schism
5654:
5649:
5647:Thomas Aquinas
5643:
5641:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5545:
5543:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5501:Saint Boniface
5498:
5493:
5488:
5486:Pope Gregory I
5483:
5478:
5473:
5467:
5465:
5459:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5425:Biblical canon
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5379:
5377:
5358:
5354:Late antiquity
5346:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5314:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5301:Pope Clement I
5291:Church Fathers
5288:
5282:
5280:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5147:
5145:
5130:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5054:
5052:Biblical canon
5047:Catholic Bible
5044:
5043:
5042:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5009:
5008:
4997:
4995:
4989:
4988:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4969:
4962:
4954:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4931:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4893:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4851:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4822:Legion of Mary
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4760:
4759:
4758:
4751:Lay Carmelites
4748:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4710:
4708:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4599:Conceptionists
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4534:Assumptionists
4530:
4528:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4379:
4378:
4367:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4257:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4236:Syro-Malankara
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4186:Italo-Albanian
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4118:
4112:
4110:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4074:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4040:
4035:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4004:
3997:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3913:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3895:
3893:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3856:Lateran Treaty
3853:
3848:
3843:
3837:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3782:
3777:
3768:
3766:
3751:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3617:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3592:Moral theology
3589:
3583:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3518:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3463:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3382:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3356:
3351:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3275:
3273:
3266:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3177:
3166:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3107:Pope Gregory I
3104:
3098:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3079:Biblical canon
3076:
3074:Late antiquity
3071:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3054:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3010:Church fathers
3007:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2962:
2960:
2951:
2944:Ecclesiastical
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2872:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2847:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2753:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2712:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2668:
2666:Western Schism
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2559:Anastasius III
2556:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2533:Constantine II
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2463:
2461:
2460:Late Antiquity
2457:
2456:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2401:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2369:
2357:
2354:Roman Question
2351:
2345:
2344:(c. 1640–1740)
2339:
2336:Baroque Papacy
2333:
2327:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2305:Western Schism
2302:
2299:Avignon Papacy
2296:
2295:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2273:
2267:
2260:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2245:Crescentii era
2242:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2201:
2199:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2051:Alexander VIII
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652:External links
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5947:Rerum novarum
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5235:New Testament
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5142:Apostolic Age
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3790:
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3764:
3763:List of popes
3759:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3726:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
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3677:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3643:
3640:
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3634:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3547:Mother of God
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
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3505:
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3500:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3456:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3432:People of God
3430:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3421:
3420:Infallibility
3418:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3379:
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3369:
3366:
3362:
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3357:
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3347:
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3344:
3342:
3339:
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3334:
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3329:
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3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Body and soul
3294:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Enlightenment
3197:
3195:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3170:Protestantism
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:Scholasticism
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Schism (1378)
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3117:Schism (1054)
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
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3063:
3060:
3059:
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3055:
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3048:
3045:
3044:
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3020:
3016:
3013:
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2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2888:
2886:
2881:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2846:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2768:Gregory XVIII
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:Benedict XIII
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2644:Callixtus III
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2447:
2442:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2255:High and Late
2253:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2071:Benedict XIII
2069:
2067:
2066:Innocent XIII
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2031:Alexander VII
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1900:Innocent VIII
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1880:Callixtus III
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1800:Boniface VIII
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1699:Celestine III
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1674:Alexander III
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1664:Anastasius IV
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1564:Sylvester III
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1549:Benedict VIII
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Anastasius II
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
814:
812:
808:
802:
799:
795:
792:
791:
790:
789:Pope emeritus
787:
785:
782:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
767:
765:
762:
758:
755:
753:
750:
749:
748:
747:List of popes
745:
744:
741:
737:
733:
726:
721:
719:
714:
712:
707:
706:
703:
694:
685:
684:
677:
671:
668:
664:
659:
656:
655:
651:
644:Mann, pg. 280
641:
638:
634:
629:
626:
620:
617:
613:
608:
605:
602:Mann, pg. 276
599:
596:
590:
587:
581:
578:
572:
569:
566:Mann, pg. 262
563:
560:
554:
551:
545:
542:
536:
533:
527:
524:
518:
515:
509:
506:
499:
493:
488:
485:
481:
478:
474:
473:
469:
467:
465:
461:
454:
450:
448:
447:
442:
434:
432:
430:
426:
425:
420:
419:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:Apostolic See
391:
387:
383:
379:
371:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
322:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
274:Apostolic See
271:
270:Pope John XII
263:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
226:
221:
213:
211:
209:
208:
203:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
168:
167:Pope Leo VIII
160:
156:
150:
146:
142:
138:
125:
121:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
92:
84:
80:
76:
69:
66:
62:
58:
53:
50:
46:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6169:
6165:Pope Francis
6091:21st century
6040:Pope Paul VI
6017:
6005:
5958:20th century
5945:
5896:Pope Pius IX
5884:19th century
5860:Pope Pius VI
5727:
5599:Latin Empire
5569:Universities
5521:Pope Leo III
5388:Christianity
5373:state church
5365:Great Church
5166:Resurrection
5129:(30–325/476)
5126:Early Church
5111:Latin Church
5106:Papal States
5101:Vatican City
4909:Universities
4741:Third orders
4704:Associations
4694:Visitandines
4689:Trinitarians
4639:Mercedarians
4624:Hieronymites
4569:Camaldoleses
4554:Benedictines
4544:Augustinians
4504:
4497:
4490:
4471:Vatican News
4425:Distinctions
4231:Syro-Malabar
4116:Latin Church
4038:Grand master
3936:Metropolitan
3833:Vatican City
3728:Organisation
3607:Philosophers
3472:Confirmation
3449:In canon law
3443:Subsistit in
3441:
3437:Three states
3424:
3385:
3378:Ecclesiology
3360:Nova Vulgata
3358:
3316:Original sin
3311:Nicene Creed
3301:Divine grace
3260:
3142:Universities
3112:Papal States
3039:Great Church
2981:Resurrection
2958:Early Church
2795:Gregory XVII
2758:Gregory XVII
2698:Benedict XIV
2693:Clement VIII
2649:Innocent III
2624:Anacletus II
2619:Celestine II
2614:Gregory VIII
2609:Sylvester IV
2569:Boniface VII
2408:
2396:
2366:World War II
2360:Vatican City
2236:
2207:(until 493)
2171:Benedict XVI
2166:John Paul II
2086:Clement XIII
2081:Benedict XIV
2056:Innocent XII
1990:Clement VIII
1965:Gregory XIII
1945:Marcellus II
1905:Alexander VI
1855:Innocent VII
1820:Benedict XII
1775:Nicholas III
1740:Alexander IV
1730:Celestine IV
1720:Honorius III
1704:Innocent III
1689:Gregory VIII
1649:Celestine II
1634:Callixtus II
1604:Alexander II
1529:Sylvester II
1509:Benedict VII
1493:
1469:Stephen VIII
1354:Benedict III
1208:Adeodatus II
1153:Boniface III
1007:Anastasius I
681:
640:
632:
628:
619:
612:McBrien 2000
607:
598:
589:
580:
571:
562:
553:
544:
535:
526:
517:
508:
491:
483:
476:
456:
452:
444:
438:
428:
422:
416:
410:
390:Papal States
375:
342:
323:
267:
258:Papal States
233:
223:
217:
205:
166:
165:
141:Papal States
90:Papacy ended
74:Papacy began
29:
6260:910s births
6171:Laudato si'
5966:Pope Pius X
5795:Philip Neri
5770:Pope Pius V
5745:Thomas More
5614:Inquisition
5516:Charlemagne
5476:Monasticism
5286:Persecution
5178:Holy Spirit
5161:Crucifixion
5040:First seven
4899:Health care
4885:Pax Christi
4837:Schoenstatt
4802:Sant'Egidio
4634:Legionaries
4614:Franciscans
4589:Cistercians
4584:Carthusians
4539:Annonciades
4398:Altarpieces
4291:West Syriac
4286:East Syriac
4266:Alexandrian
3890:Holy orders
3871:Swiss Guard
3811:Dicasteries
3806:Roman Curia
3704:Evangelists
3662:Holy Family
3597:Personalism
3587:Natural law
3565:Josephology
3499:Holy orders
3137:Inquisition
3094:Middle Ages
3084:Monasticism
3052:Constantine
2976:Crucifixion
2716:Alexander V
2683:Clement VII
2639:Paschal III
2594:Clement III
2589:Honorius II
2564:Christopher
2374:(1945–1991)
2368:(1939–1945)
2356:(1870–1929)
2350:(1775–1848)
2338:(1585–1689)
2332:(1534–1585)
2326:(1417–1534)
2307:(1378–1417)
2301:(1309–1378)
2293:, 1228–1304
2287:, 1262–1297
2281:, 1257–1281
2272:(1048–1257)
2257:Middle Ages
2197:Middle Ages
2161:John Paul I
2136:Benedict XV
2116:Gregory XVI
2091:Clement XIV
2076:Clement XII
2046:Innocent XI
1985:Innocent IX
1980:Gregory XIV
1930:Clement VII
1860:Gregory XII
1850:Boniface IX
1830:Innocent VI
1805:Benedict XI
1795:Celestine V
1790:Nicholas IV
1785:Honorius IV
1735:Innocent IV
1694:Clement III
1644:Innocent II
1639:Honorius II
1629:Gelasius II
1609:Gregory VII
1599:Nicholas II
1559:Benedict IX
1504:Benedict VI
1479:Agapetus II
1454:Stephen VII
1429:Sergius III
1419:Benedict IV
1409:Theodore II
1394:Boniface VI
1293:Stephen III
1273:Gregory III
1263:Constantine
1228:Benedict II
1163:Adeodatus I
1158:Boniface IV
1138:Pelagius II
1098:Boniface II
1038:Celestine I
977:Sylvester I
962:Marcellus I
957:Marcellinus
892:Callixtus I
877:Eleutherius
852:Telesphorus
842:Alexander I
764:Papal names
402:Charlemagne
386:investiture
372:Pontificate
366:Saint Peter
345:Saint Peter
230:protonotary
98:Predecessor
6265:965 deaths
6229:Categories
6044:coronation
5750:Pope Leo X
5335:Tertullian
5265:Revelation
5240:Background
4654:Oratorians
4609:Dominicans
4579:Carmelites
4574:Camillians
4522:institutes
4335:Tridentine
4271:Antiochian
4191:Macedonian
4136:Belarusian
4026:Provincial
3941:Archbishop
3861:Roman Rota
3823:Properties
3748:By country
3744:Precedence
3709:Confessors
3689:Archangels
3679:Patriarchs
3579:Philosophy
3557:Veneration
3522:Assumption
3492:Last rites
3459:Sacraments
3403:Four marks
3214:Vatican II
3162:Modern era
2998:Succession
2823:Michael II
2790:Clement XV
2743:Modern era
2721:John XXIII
2654:Nicholas V
2584:Benedict X
2579:Gregory VI
2513:Laurentius
2472:Hippolytus
2317:Modern Era
2247:(974–1012)
2151:John XXIII
2061:Clement XI
2036:Clement IX
2026:Innocent X
2021:Urban VIII
2016:Gregory XV
1940:Julius III
1875:Nicholas V
1840:Gregory XI
1825:Clement VI
1760:Innocent V
1750:Clement IV
1725:Gregory IX
1679:Lucius III
1659:Eugene III
1624:Paschal II
1614:Victor III
1594:Stephen IX
1579:Damasus II
1574:Clement II
1569:Gregory VI
1544:Sergius IV
1539:John XVIII
1489:Benedict V
1474:Marinus II
1399:Stephen VI
1379:Adrian III
1359:Nicholas I
1344:Sergius II
1339:Gregory IV
1319:Stephen IV
1283:Stephen II
1268:Gregory II
1188:Theodore I
1173:Honorius I
1168:Boniface V
1133:Benedict I
1123:Pelagius I
1108:Agapetus I
1068:Gelasius I
1058:Simplicius
1043:Sixtus III
1033:Boniface I
1023:Innocent I
887:Zephyrinus
801:Pope-elect
777:non-extant
676:Benedict V
470:References
334:Benedict V
214:Early life
183:Benedict V
102:Benedict V
6235:Antipopes
6060:Communism
6030:Ecumenism
5376:(380–451)
5368:(180–451)
5357:(313–476)
5279:(100–325)
4895:See also:
4847:Charities
4756:Discalced
4684:Trappists
4679:Theatines
4649:Olivetans
4594:Clarisses
4564:Blue nuns
4549:Basilians
4526:societies
4434:See also:
4320:Mozarabic
4310:Ambrosian
4296:Malankara
4281:Byzantine
4241:Ukrainian
4216:Ruthenian
4181:Hungarian
4166:Ethiopian
4141:Bulgarian
4108:sui iuris
4092:Postulant
4001:Religious
3956:Auxiliary
3951:Coadjutor
3921:Patriarch
3789:Cardinals
3736:Canon law
3732:Hierarchy
3714:Disciples
3637:Relations
3625:Evolution
3616:See also:
3561:See also:
3514:Mariology
3504:Matrimony
3477:Eucharist
3398:Ecumenism
3326:Salvation
3262:Catechism
3257:Tradition
3219:Communism
3067:Chalcedon
2818:Pius XIII
2813:Michael I
2773:Peter III
2751:Palmarian
2599:Theodoric
2554:John VIII
2518:Dioscorus
2492:Ursicinus
2482:Heraclius
2453:Antipopes
2241:(904–964)
2233:(756–857)
2227:(537–752)
2221:(493–537)
2213:(312–337)
2111:Pius VIII
2041:Clement X
1975:Urban VII
1925:Adrian VI
1915:Julius II
1895:Sixtus IV
1870:Eugene IV
1815:John XXII
1810:Clement V
1780:Martin IV
1755:Gregory X
1684:Urban III
1669:Adrian IV
1654:Lucius II
1589:Victor II
1534:John XVII
1524:Gregory V
1499:John XIII
1384:Stephen V
1374:Marinus I
1369:John VIII
1364:Adrian II
1334:Valentine
1329:Eugene II
1324:Paschal I
1258:Sisinnius
1243:Sergius I
1178:Severinus
1143:Gregory I
1113:Silverius
1083:Hormisdas
1078:Symmachus
1063:Felix III
997:Damasus I
972:Miltiades
947:Eutychian
937:Dionysius
932:Sixtus II
927:Stephen I
917:Cornelius
837:Evaristus
832:Clement I
827:Anacletus
757:canonised
752:graphical
693:John XIII
413:John XIII
340:as Pope.
306:subdeacon
294:ostiarius
112:John XIII
108:Successor
6070:HIV/AIDS
5564:Crusades
5318:Irenaeus
5311:Ignatius
5306:Polycarp
5156:Ministry
5144:(30–100)
5018:Timeline
4939:Category
4832:Opus Dei
4817:Scouting
4807:Focolare
4674:Servites
4659:Piarists
4604:Crosiers
4340:Anglican
4276:Armenian
4206:Romanian
4196:Maronite
4171:Georgian
4161:Eritrean
4146:Chaldean
4131:Armenian
4126:Albanian
4007:Superior
3966:Emeritus
3946:Diocesan
3799:Advisers
3758:Holy See
3684:Prophets
3642:Politics
3413:Catholic
3393:Councils
3248:Theology
3127:Crusades
3062:Nicaea I
2993:Apostles
2971:Ministry
2940:Timeline
2920:Glossary
2845:Category
2763:Peter II
2604:Adalbert
2574:John XVI
2523:Theodore
2497:Eulalius
2487:Felix II
2477:Novatian
2467:Natalius
2398:Category
2372:Cold War
2146:Pius XII
2126:Leo XIII
2101:Pius VII
1970:Sixtus V
1935:Paul III
1910:Pius III
1865:Martin V
1845:Urban VI
1770:John XXI
1765:Adrian V
1745:Urban IV
1619:Urban II
1554:John XIX
1514:John XIV
1494:Leo VIII
1484:John XII
1389:Formosus
1298:Adrian I
1253:John VII
1203:Vitalian
1198:Eugene I
1193:Martin I
1148:Sabinian
1128:John III
1118:Vigilius
1093:Felix IV
1053:Hilarius
1002:Siricius
992:Liberius
987:Julius I
967:Eusebius
922:Lucius I
882:Victor I
867:Anicetus
847:Sixtus I
784:Antipope
687:964–965
441:antipope
290:ordained
238:John XII
218:Born in
191:antipope
179:John XII
175:Holy See
79:antipope
42:Leo VIII
18:Leo VIII
6035:Judaism
5435:Vulgate
5245:Gospels
5220:Stephen
5137:Origins
5057:Vulgate
4993:General
4983:of the
4981:History
4904:Schools
4860:Caritas
4768:Secular
4734:Workers
4629:Jesuits
4415:Museums
4410:Library
4388:Writers
4383:Artists
4363:Culture
4330:Paul VI
4211:Russian
4201:Melkite
4043:Brother
4021:General
3961:Titular
3931:Primate
3909:Eparchy
3899:Diocese
3846:Outline
3785:College
3775:Francis
3719:Virgins
3694:Martyrs
3620:Science
3527:History
3482:Penance
3467:Baptism
3368:Worship
3341:Vulgate
3289:Kingdom
3284:Trinity
3272:General
3027:Primacy
2935:History
2915:Outline
2734:Felix V
2675:Avignon
2528:Paschal
2291:Perugia
2285:Orvieto
2279:Viterbo
2176:Francis
2156:Paul VI
2141:Pius XI
2121:Pius IX
2106:Leo XII
2096:Pius VI
1955:Pius IV
1950:Paul IV
1890:Paul II
1885:Pius II
1835:Urban V
1519:John XV
1464:Leo VII
1459:John XI
1414:John IX
1404:Romanus
1303:Leo III
1278:Zachary
1248:John VI
1183:John IV
1103:John II
1028:Zosimus
942:Felix I
907:Anterus
902:Pontian
897:Urban I
857:Hyginus
734:of the
358:pallium
302:acolyte
6001:Nazism
5823:to the
5430:Jerome
5340:Origen
5023:Papacy
4782:Fimcap
4724:Marian
4644:Minims
4376:Marian
4226:Syriac
4221:Slovak
4151:Coptic
4087:Oblate
4082:Master
4077:Novice
4072:Hermit
4060:Sister
4016:Abbess
3983:Deacon
3978:Priest
3973:Parish
3916:Bishop
3886:Polity
3672:Joseph
3654:Saints
3321:Saints
3209:Nazism
2538:Philip
2131:Pius X
2011:Paul V
2006:Leo XI
1960:Pius V
1584:Leo IX
1449:Leo VI
1444:John X
1349:Leo IV
1288:Paul I
1233:John V
1223:Leo II
1218:Agatho
1088:John I
912:Fabian
862:Pius I
772:extant
768:Tombs
635:, 2001
486:(1910)
479:(1895)
464:Leo IX
415:. The
362:deacon
318:bishop
314:priest
310:deacon
298:lector
254:Umbria
246:Otto I
202:Otto I
64:Church
6240:Popes
6103:Islam
5371:Roman
5330:Canon
5203:Peter
5151:Jesus
4880:CIDSE
4729:Youth
4453:Media
4420:Music
4345:Zaire
4325:Roman
4315:Braga
4305:Latin
4176:Greek
4048:Friar
4012:Abbot
3926:Major
3841:Index
3740:Laity
3306:Dogma
3253:Bible
3229:Islam
3185:Trent
2966:Jesus
2948:Legal
2910:Index
1920:Leo X
1439:Lando
1424:Leo V
1238:Conon
1213:Donus
1048:Leo I
952:Caius
872:Soter
822:Linus
817:Peter
732:Popes
500:Notes
378:bulls
350:synod
326:synod
282:Tibur
278:synod
6153:2023
6148:2019
6143:2016
6138:2013
6133:2011
6128:2008
6123:2005
6118:2002
6113:2000
6080:1995
5250:Acts
5213:Paul
5208:John
5183:Mary
4405:Folk
4053:Monk
3794:List
3772:Pope
3667:Mary
2708:Pisa
982:Mark
683:Pope
400:and
312:and
286:pope
276:. A
220:Rome
195:Pope
181:and
148:Died
137:Rome
123:Born
83:pope
37:Pope
5139:and
5089:Art
4719:Lay
4371:Art
4065:Nun
3787:of
3279:God
396:by
292:as
133:915
127:Leo
6231::
4524:,
4014:,
431:.
308:,
304:,
300:,
296:,
244:,
210:.
171:c.
139:,
131:c.
6046:)
6042:(
4973:e
4966:t
4959:v
4519:,
4003::
3892:)
3888:(
3765:)
3761:(
2891:e
2884:t
2877:v
2445:e
2438:t
2431:v
724:e
717:t
710:v
169:(
85:)
20:)
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