182:, who was in Detroit visiting his brother, to accept the position. In August 1830, Badin arrived to establish a mission to serve the Pokagon Potawatomi. Badin employed a translator as he considered himself too old to learn the language. He unsuccessfully tried to found a school and an orphanage, and then in 1832 he purchased 524 acres of land around South Bend, half from the government and half from two landowners. He then built a log chapel to serve as chapel and residence, and later gave the land to the bishop on condition that an orphanage and school be built. In 1836, given his advanced age, Badin decided to leave his Indian mission to his successor, Father Louis Desaille. By converting to Catholicism, the Potawatomi of the St. Joseph River Valley affirmed a new identity as the
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community. A majority of the residents living at Silver Creek moved to Brush Creek, Rush Lake and elsewhere in southwest
Michigan and northwest Indiana. The Potowatomi worked to secure the annuities and other promises owed them under the terms of the many treaties they had signed with the United States.
269:, a federally recognized Indian Nation, with an excess of 4300 citizens and a ten-county service area in northwest Indiana and southwest Michigan. Tribal headquarters are located in Dowagiac, Michigan, with a satellite office in South Bend, Indiana. The Tribal Police force operates a substation in
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to halt US military attempts to remove the
Catholic Potawatomi in violation of the 1833 Treaty. After Pokagon’s death on July 8, 1841, disputes between his heirs, the Potowatomi, and the Catholic Church over ownership of the Silver Creek lands resulted in legal battles that painfully disrupted the
178:. That same year, Pokagon and his wife Elizabeth were baptized by Father Frederick Rese, the vicar general of the Detroit Diocese, along with numerous fellow band members. In response to Pokagon's request for a priest to come administer to the Potawatomi, church authorities asked Father
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emerged as a very successful tribal leader after 1825. In the last decade of his life, Pokagon sought to protect and promote the unique position of the
Potawatomi communities living in the St. Joseph River Valley. He traveled to Detroit in July 1830, where he visited
174:, literally "dressed in black," referring to the black robe (cassock) traditionally worn by priests). He believed that affiliation with the Catholic Church represented an important political alliance in the struggle to avoid
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John N.Low, Ph.D., citizen
Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians. “Imprints: The Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians & the City of Chicago,” Michigan State University Press, 2016.
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land of the crooked tree, literally where the crooked tree is). Pokagon ultimately used the monies paid pursuant to the Treaty to purchase lands for his people in
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186:. With the leadership of Pokagon and the help of Badin and other anti-removal Catholic missionaries, the Pokagon Potawatomi were able to avoid removal.
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The
Catholic Potawatomi throughout southwest Michigan and northwest Indiana acknowledged Pokagon as their leader. Ever since, the Indian villages from
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Pokagon's early life is surrounded by legend, and many details are known only in the oral histories of the tribe. Stories suggest that he was born an
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that allowed
Pokagon's Band to remain on the land of their ancestors in Michigan. Nearly all the rest of the Potawatomi were to be moved west of the
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A sculpture of Chief
Pokagon is located on the south facade of the Knute Rockne Memorial on the campus of the University of Notre Dame.
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means "the rib," but literally means "something used to shield". As the ribs shield the heart, so too did
Pokagon shield his people.
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417:"Memorializing Knute Rockne at the University of Notre Dame: Collegiate Gothic Architecture and Institutional Identity"
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In 1841, Pokagon obtained the assistance of
Associate Michigan Supreme Court Justice
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The
Pokagons, 1683-1983, Catholic Potawatomi Indians of the St. Joseph River Valley
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327:(wise people/ those who know) and Clifton, James A.,
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in Indiana have been united under a common identity,
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331:, Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1984.
289:Pokagon State Park in Indiana was named for him.
189:In 1833, Pokagon negotiated an amendment to the
112:, who became the head of the Potawatomi of the
385:"Events Today, Saturday Celebrate Sovereignty"
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170:to request the services of a "black robe" (
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197:by the federal government following the
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254:(Pokagon Potawatomies they belong to).
415:Lindquist, Sherry C. M. (March 2012).
358:Fletcher, Matthew L. M. (2007-11-20).
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308:Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians
273:to cover the tribal-owned casino,
267:Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians
265:Today, the tribe continues as the
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501:People from Cass County, Michigan
252:Pokégan Bodwéwadmik dbéndagwzéwad
122:a band that later took his name
486:Pokagon Band Potawatomi people
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506:Converts to Roman Catholicism
360:"Pokagon Band and Notre Dame"
108:(leader). Taking over from
52:1841 (aged 65–66)
496:Native Americans in Indiana
383:Mumford, Lou (2011-09-23).
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199:Indian Removal Act of 1830
184:Pokagon Band of Potawatomi
150:Pokagon converted to the
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128:Early life and education
491:Native American leaders
471:Official tribal website
345:Atlas of Berrien County
286:The band took his name.
101:(c. 1775 – 1841) was a
275:Four Winds New Buffalo
191:1833 Treaty of Chicago
168:Father Gabriel Richard
271:New Buffalo, Michigan
217:Silver Creek Township
152:Roman Catholic Church
74:Native American chief
421:Winterthur Portfolio
259:Epaphroditus Ransom
390:South Bend Tribune
313:Pokagon State Park
221:Dowagiac, Michigan
114:Saint Joseph River
281:Legacy and honors
195:Mississippi River
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55:United States
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511:1770s births
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516:1841 deaths
427:(1): 1–24.
364:Turtle Talk
203:Catholicism
61:Nationality
480:Categories
401:2011-09-27
369:2022-07-21
319:References
248:South Bend
145:poké-igan,
116:Valley in
103:Potawatomi
71:Occupation
65:Potawatomi
449:146612474
441:0084-0416
232:Rush Lake
325:Bwakajig
297:See also
244:Buchanan
236:Dowagiac
228:Hartford
142:Pokagon,
118:Michigan
110:Topinbee
87:Children
219:, near
176:removal
163:Pokagon
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347:, p. 4
158:Career
138:Ojibwe
445:S2CID
240:Niles
134:Odawa
106:Wkema
82:Chief
79:Title
437:ISSN
49:Died
38:1775
35:Born
429:doi
136:or
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