43:
31:
435:, a member of the diplomatic corps of Tsar Nicholas II, sponsored more than forty collecting expeditions to Central Asia in search of rare Lepidoptera. He personally undertook arduous expeditions to Russian Turkestan and the Pamir in 1908 and through India and Kashmir in 1914, as well as to Ladakh and Chinese Turkestan before those regions were open to explorers. Prior to the political upheaval of 1917, he was awarded the Imperial Russian Geographical Society's prestigious gold medal. The Soviet government appropriated his collection and placed it in the
2265:
1537:
198:
452:
1561:
1549:
1193:
860:) Avinoff's groundbreaking research on the biogeography of speciation demonstrated how members of the genus Karanasa evolved into separate species in isolated mountain valleys in the Pamir Range. He collaborated with his colleague Walter Sweadner, a curator of entomology at the Carnegie Museum, on a monograph, The Karanasa Butterflies, A Study in Evolution.
807:
As the chief mode of study of butterflies was through pinned specimen collections, it was difficult to catalogue and communicate names and descriptions widely. Books on butterflies with plates that were either hand-painted, lithographed and printed have been a major tool in lepidopterology. These
868:
Lepidopterists are served by a number of national and international scientific societies. They promote research in lepidopterology and dissemination of the findings through conferences such as the biennial
European Congresses of Lepidopterology or the TILS Leps Talk. These societies include:
857:. Avinoff discovered several new species: in Central Asia, the Parnassius Maharaja Avinoff and in Jamaica the Shoumatoff Hairstreak, Nesiostrymon shoumatoffi, named after his nephew, Nicholas Shoumatoff who joined him on three expeditions to the wild Cockpit Country in the late 1930s. (
637:
853:
According to Kurt
Johnson, the lepidopterist author of Nabokov's Blues, Nabokov's novel Dar (The Gift), featured a lepidopterist, the father of the émigré protagonist, based on a fictionalization of
604:
In the nineteenth century, large ,collections of
Lepidoptera were amongst the natural history specimens then flooding into Europe. Most of the largest and most specimens of new species are in
371:
Collection iconographique et historique des chenilles; ou, Description et figures des chenilles (larvae) d'Europe, avec l'histoire de leurs métamorphoses, et des applications à l'agriculture
381:(General history and illustrations of the Lepidoptera and caterpillars of Northern America) which was published in Paris. Boisduval also described Lepidoptera from the expedition ship
42:
470:
1067:
1514:
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838:
was a noted lepidopterist, having discovered the passion at the age of seven. He would later write about butterflies, collect, and illustrate them. Nabokov volunteered at
386:
268:
123:, the rise of the "lepidopterist" can be attributed to the expanding interest in science, nature and the surroundings. When Linnaeus wrote the tenth edition of the
1467:
649:
496:
343:
352:
Systematische
Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, Zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jacob Hubner’s Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge
559:
30:
1039:. Volume 4, Part 35 of Handbuch der Zoologie:Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches. Arthropoda: Insecta. Walter de Gruyter. p. 1.
439:. After Avinoff emigrated to America, he was able to collect a near-duplicate of his original Asiatic butterfly collection, donating it to the
929:
492:
2245:
1462:
1044:
1472:
1225:
886:
641:
436:
1426:
1457:
1431:
878:
960:
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explored the Botany, Zoology and
Ethnography of Brazil. It was organized and financed for Austrian Empire and ran from 1817 to 1835.
1599:
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245:
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1385:
820:
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families helped finance the collection and acquisition of butterfly collections through their investments into the newly created
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547:
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455:
1488:
1008:
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461:
129:
in 1758, there was already "a substantial body of published work on
Lepidopteran natural history" (Kristensen, 1999).
1400:
208:
1416:
301:
Systematische
Verzeichnis der Schmetterlinge der Wienergegend herausgegeben von einigen Lehrern am k. k. Theresianum
1197:
873:
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366:
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67:
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264:
709:
73:
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1913:
1284:
828:
747:
374:
160:
1309:
2250:
2179:
2080:
1972:
1955:
1541:
1211:
732:
563:
362:
276:
324:
316:
2171:
2065:
1619:
982:
839:
786:
580:
82:
1068:"Carnegie Magazine | Spring 2009 | Recollecting Andrey Avinoff - by Louise Lippincott"
831:
made use of butterfly wing-prints where the illustrations incorporated the scales of the wings.
538:
and/or some of his benefactors also financed numerous expeditions from approximately 1906–1940.
379:
Histoire général et iconographie des lepidoptérès et des chenilles de l’Amerique septentrionale
2152:
2031:
1962:
1950:
1120:
1040:
555:
551:
504:
35:
2268:
2194:
1930:
1585:
1090:
835:
780:
759:
726:
704:
425:
2157:
2092:
1889:
1864:
1324:
771:
585:
413:
125:
331:
2189:
2184:
2026:
1945:
1825:
1683:
1663:
1640:
1319:
1269:
1033:
Kristensen, Niels P. (1999). "Historical
Introduction". In Kristensen, Niels P. (ed.).
1003:
854:
809:
789:
of
England: Europe, South Africa, India, Tibet, America, Australia and the West Indies.
765:
753:
694:
633:
575:
571:
535:
432:
417:
491:
had nine zoologists and botanists on board. They brought back to France, according to
2283:
2209:
2204:
2107:
2019:
1987:
1940:
1879:
1800:
1739:
1720:
1689:
1635:
1289:
609:
589:
519:
421:
180:
140:
2075:
2014:
2009:
1869:
1815:
1810:
1729:
1710:
1705:
645:
1034:
522:
amassed a huge entomological collection from the Novara that is deposited in the
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2002:
1992:
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1805:
1789:
1745:
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1673:
1654:
1644:
1314:
1304:
1299:
1274:
792:
197:
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1094:
299:
wrote a systematic catalogue of the butterflies of the districts around Vienna
2214:
2045:
1935:
1884:
1849:
1795:
1779:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1659:
1234:
847:
742:
738:
714:
339:
92:
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Department, where he would organize specimens for as much as 14 hours a day.
17:
2070:
1922:
1784:
1765:
1734:
1648:
1329:
451:
100:
1036:
Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies: Evolution, Systematics and
Biogeography
1192:
2112:
1997:
1899:
1894:
1874:
1859:
1854:
1844:
1774:
1769:
1715:
775:
170:
408:
published in Vienna. In the mid-century period, the expert knowledge of
163:(1705), whose work included illustrated accounts of European Lepidoptera
1909:
1608:
825:
Moths and Butterflies of the United States East of the Rocky Mountains
1982:
1835:
797:
A Classification of the Lepidoptera based on characters of the pupae
532:
Reise Fregatte Novara: Zoologischer Theil., Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera
46:
Another Lepidoptera specimen drawer in a museum collection in Poland
499:
had ever received including 44 crates of zoological specimens. The
2129:
2117:
2102:
2097:
534:(Journey of the Frigate Novara...) in three volumes (1865–1867).
450:
87:
41:
29:
697:
of Russia and the U.S.A: butterflies of Central Asia and Jamaica
96:
1581:
1346:
1258:
1207:
1083:
Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History
191:
1203:
292:
described very many more species in a series of major works.
475:
Expeditions continued to be major sources of specimens. The
1577:
373:, Paris, Librairie encyclopédique de Roret, 1832 and with
750:
of the Dutch Republic: butterflies and moths of Surinam
471:
European and American voyages of scientific exploration
27:
Branch of entomology that studies moths and butterflies
1427:
Indian Society for the Advancement of Insect Science
2233:
2170:
2145:
2053:
2044:
1971:
1921:
1908:
1834:
1628:
1515:
International Union for the Study of Social Insects
1502:
1481:
1440:
1409:
1378:
1357:
1432:Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology
762:of Germany: world butterflies, but especially Java
479:(1800 to 1803) with two laboratory-equipped ships
974:McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity
596:headed up by Andrey Avinoff from 1926 to 1945.
1468:Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut
1171:"Un quart de segle d'estudi de les papallones"
1028:
1026:
684:Some notable lepidopterists are or have been:
1593:
1219:
1081:Cowan, C.F. (1968). "Butterfly wing-prints".
530:in London. The butterflies were described in
514:, made a voyage of exploration in 1857–1859.
346:. During the years of 1806–1824 Hübner added
8:
387:Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse
137:Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum
650:Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven
226:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2050:
1918:
1600:
1586:
1578:
1354:
1343:
1255:
1226:
1212:
1204:
1145:"Lepidoptera Love: Nabokov's Untold Story"
723:of Russia: butterflies of Siberia and Amur
560:Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia
34:A Lepidoptera specimen drawer in a museum
1113:"Vladimir Nabokov, Butterfly Illustrator"
1106:
1104:
915:Study Group of Hessian Lepidopterologists
246:Learn how and when to remove this message
103:. Someone who studies in this field is a
1370:Entomological Society of Southern Africa
546:Wealthy collectors played a major role:
344:Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer
994:
906:Sicilian Lepidopterological Association
756:of Italy: butterflies of the Palearctic
648:). Museum lepidopterists have included
930:Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera
348:Geschichte europäischer Schmetterlinge
157:Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium
1463:Royal Entomological Society of London
912:Societat Catalana de Lepidopterologia
900:Lepidopterological Society of Finland
897:Lepidopterological Society of Denmark
7:
1548:
891:Association for Tropical Lepidoptera
887:North American Butterfly Association
642:Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie
614:Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
501:Österreichische Brasilien-Expedition
497:Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
350:. Herrich-Schäffer expanded this as
224:adding citations to reliable sources
1560:
1510:International Entomological Society
1494:Entomological Society of Queensland
1458:Royal Belgian Entomological Society
966:Lepidoptera in the 10th edition of
903:Lepidopterological Society of Japan
879:Societas Europaea Lepidopterologica
638:Zoological Museum in St. Petersburg
493:Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy
437:Zoological Museum of St. Petersburg
95:concerning the scientific study of
1365:The Egyptian Entomological Society
961:The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
774:of the U.S.A.: butterflies of the
594:Carnegie Museum of Natural History
524:Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna
441:Carnegie Museum of Natural History
336:Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge
25:
1453:Netherlands Entomological Society
918:Lepidopterists' Society of Africa
606:Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale
510:, under the command of Commodore
2264:
2263:
1983:Mammalian anatomy and morphology
1559:
1547:
1536:
1535:
1489:Australian Entomological Society
1386:Entomological Society of America
1191:
909:Southern Lepidopterists' Society
894:International Lepidoptera Survey
834:The illustrious Russian writer,
821:Lionel Gilbert Ollyett Woodhouse
729:of England: butterflies of China
691:of Sweden: butterflies of Africa
689:Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius
630:British Museum (Natural History)
321:Die ausländischen Schmetterlinge
196:
1473:Société entomologique de France
1401:Entomological Society of Brasil
1391:Entomological Society of Canada
883:Lepidoptera Research Foundation
741:of Austria: butterflies of the
512:Bernhard von Wüllerstorf-Urbair
313:Die europäischen Schmetterlinge
305:Eugenius Johann Christoph Esper
1448:Amateur Entomologists' Society
1422:Entomological Society of Japan
1417:Entomological Society of China
783:of Malta: butterflies of Malta
735:of Japan: butterflies of Japan
477:Baudin expedition to Australia
1:
1169:Masó, Albert (5 March 2013).
844:Museum of Comparative Zoology
808:include the massive works by
803:Collections and illustrations
568:Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères
263:1758–1900 was the era of the
99:and the two superfamilies of
1396:Kansas Entomological Society
1111:Batuman, Elif (2016-03-23).
864:Lepidopterological societies
768:of England: Microlepidoptera
177:Papilionum Brittaniae icones
1009:Online Etymology Dictionary
923:Lepidopterological journals
274:and with Boas Johansson in
2311:
1095:10.3366/jsbnh.1968.4.7.368
712:of France: specialized in
658:Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer
574:provided opportunities to
468:
428:contributed to the field.
367:Adolphe Hercule de Graslin
290:Johann Christian Fabricius
269:Linnaeus' descriptions in
2259:
1615:
1531:
1353:
1342:
1265:
1254:
1241:
817:Butterfly Fauna of Ceylon
662:František Antonín Nickerl
558:in England and in Russia
548:Aimée Fournier de Horrack
495:, the largest collection
338:(2 vols.), Augsburg with
282:Nikolaus Poda von Neuhaus
79: 'wing' and
1348:Entomology Organisations
516:Baron Cajetan von Felder
402:Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
354:(6 Volumes, 1843–1856).
309:Toussaint de Charpentier
286:Insecta Musei Graecensis
2295:Subfields of entomology
1696:Biological anthropology
1149:library.mcz.harvard.edu
874:Lepidopterists' Society
815:Unusual works like the
721:Otto Vasilievich Bremer
634:British colonial Empire
359:Jean Baptiste Boisduval
147:Metamorphosis Naturalis
1260:Branches of Entomology
948:Nota Lepidopterologica
701:Henry Tibbats Stainton
680:Notable lepidopterists
674:Arthur Gardiner Butler
626:German colonial empire
618:French colonial empire
528:Natural History Museum
466:
406:Entomologia Carniolica
395:Louis Isidore Duperrey
330:Between 1806 and 1834
315:(European butterflies
307:in collaboration with
47:
39:
2225:Alfred Russel Wallace
2135:Water vascular system
978:University of Florida
670:Carl Heinrich Hopffer
622:Museum für Naturkunde
454:
45:
33:
2086:Cellular respiration
1200:at Wikimedia Commons
942:The Taxonomic Report
748:Maria Sibylla Merian
375:John Eatton Le Conte
297:Ignaz Schiffermüller
295:During this period,
220:improve this section
107:or, archaically, an
2251:Timeline of zoology
2180:Karl Ernst von Baer
2081:Respiratory pigment
1956:Mineralized tissues
666:Lionel de Nicéville
410:Lepidoptera dealers
363:Jules Pierre Rambur
323:(World butterflies
303:(1775). In Germany
277:Centuria Insectorum
265:gentleman scientist
167:Historia Insectorum
2066:Respiratory system
2054:General physiology
1951:Connective tissues
983:Butterfly watching
787:Margaret Fountaine
710:Jules Léon Austaut
581:Lepidoptera Indica
467:
91:)) is a branch of
48:
40:
2277:
2276:
2220:Jakob von Uexküll
2166:
2165:
2153:Insect physiology
2046:Animal physiology
2040:
2039:
2032:Insect morphology
1963:Molecular anatomy
1936:Epithelial tissue
1914:Animal morphology
1575:
1574:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1338:
1337:
1196:Media related to
1151:. 8 December 2012
1046:978-3-11-015704-8
1002:Harper, Douglas.
829:Sherman F. Denton
556:James John Joicey
552:Walter Rothschild
256:
255:
248:
16:(Redirected from
2302:
2267:
2266:
2195:Jean-Henri Fabre
2051:
1919:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1579:
1563:
1562:
1551:
1550:
1539:
1538:
1355:
1344:
1256:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1205:
1195:
1179:
1178:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1030:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
999:
836:Vladimir Nabokov
823:(1888–1965) and
781:Anthony Valletta
760:Hans Fruhstorfer
733:Shōnen Matsumura
727:John Henry Leech
705:Microlepidoptera
564:Sergei Alphéraky
251:
244:
240:
237:
231:
200:
192:
132:These included:
21:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2290:Lepidopterology
2280:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2255:
2229:
2162:
2158:Fish physiology
2141:
2093:Vascular system
2036:
1974:
1967:
1941:Muscular tissue
1912:
1904:
1890:Platyhelminthes
1865:Xenacoelomorpha
1830:
1669:Lepidopterology
1624:
1611:
1606:
1576:
1571:
1519:
1498:
1477:
1436:
1405:
1374:
1349:
1334:
1325:Trichopterology
1295:Lepidopterology
1285:Heteropterology
1280:Ethnoentomology
1261:
1250:
1237:
1232:
1198:Lepidopterology
1188:
1183:
1182:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1154:
1152:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1129:
1127:
1110:
1109:
1102:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1014:
1012:
1001:
1000:
996:
991:
968:Systema Naturae
957:
925:
866:
805:
772:Herman Strecker
682:
602:
544:
473:
449:
426:Peter Godeffroy
414:Otto Staudinger
280:, the Austrian
271:Systema Naturae
261:
252:
241:
235:
232:
217:
201:
190:
161:Maria S. Merian
126:Systema Naturae
117:
51:Lepidopterology
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2308:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2282:
2281:
2275:
2274:
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2271:
2260:
2257:
2256:
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2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2190:Charles Darwin
2187:
2185:Georges Cuvier
2182:
2176:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2147:
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2142:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2105:
2100:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2057:
2055:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2027:Spider anatomy
2024:
2023:
2022:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1979:
1977:
1975:and morphology
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1946:Nervous tissue
1943:
1938:
1927:
1925:
1916:
1910:Animal anatomy
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1826:Zooarchaeology
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1763:
1757:
1748:
1743:
1737:
1732:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1687:
1684:Orthopterology
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1664:Coleopterology
1657:
1652:
1641:Arthropodology
1638:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1604:
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1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
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1479:
1478:
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1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1320:Orthopterology
1317:
1312:
1310:Neuropterology
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1270:Coleopterology
1266:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1252:
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1186:External links
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1177:. No. 35.
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1136:
1117:The New Yorker
1100:
1089:(7): 368–369.
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865:
862:
855:Andrey Avinoff
810:Adalbert Seitz
804:
801:
800:
799:
790:
784:
778:
769:
766:Edward Meyrick
763:
757:
754:Ruggero Verity
751:
745:
736:
730:
724:
718:
707:
698:
695:Andrey Avinoff
692:
681:
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654:Francis Walker
601:
598:
576:Frederic Moore
572:British Empire
543:
540:
536:Andrey Avinoff
448:
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433:Andrey Avinoff
418:Emile Deyrolle
260:
257:
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204:
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141:Thomas Mouffet
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2210:Konrad Lorenz
2208:
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2205:Carl Linnaeus
2203:
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2200:William Kirby
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2108:Blood vessels
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2020:Shark anatomy
2018:
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2011:
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1880:Aschelminthes
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1801:Neuroethology
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1740:Testudinology
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1721:Helminthology
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1717:
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1690:Myriapodology
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1636:Anthrozoology
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1290:Hemipterology
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1004:"lepidoptera"
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938:
937:Metamorphosis
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610:Belgian Congo
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583:
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569:
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541:
539:
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533:
529:
525:
521:
520:Rudolf Felder
517:
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498:
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489:
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478:
472:
465:
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429:
427:
423:
422:Orazio Querci
419:
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229:
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221:
215:
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210:
205:This section
203:
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194:
193:
187:
182:
181:James Petiver
178:
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168:
165:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
145:
142:
138:
135:
134:
133:
130:
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127:
122:
114:
112:
110:
106:
105:lepidopterist
102:
98:
94:
90:
89:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
56:
55:Ancient Greek
52:
44:
37:
32:
19:
18:Lepidopterist
2076:Gas exchange
2015:Fish anatomy
2010:Bird anatomy
1870:Ambulacraria
1816:Paleozoology
1811:Parasitology
1730:Batrachology
1711:Ethnozoology
1706:Cnidariology
1668:
1564:
1552:
1540:
1294:
1174:
1164:
1153:. Retrieved
1148:
1139:
1128:. Retrieved
1116:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1062:
1050:. Retrieved
1035:
1013:. Retrieved
1007:
997:
967:
946:
941:
936:
928:
867:
852:
833:
824:
816:
814:
806:
796:
713:
703:of England:
683:
646:Dutch Empire
603:
579:
567:
545:
531:
518:and his son
506:
486:
480:
474:
462:
456:
430:
405:
399:
390:
382:
378:
377:, 1829–1837
370:
356:
351:
347:
335:
332:Jacob Hübner
329:
320:
312:
300:
294:
285:
275:
270:
267:. Following
262:
242:
233:
218:Please help
206:
176:
166:
156:
146:
136:
131:
124:
118:
108:
104:
85:
80:
76:
71:
63:
58:
50:
49:
2246:Post-Darwin
2123:Capillaries
2061:Respiration
1821:Planktology
1806:Ornithology
1790:Primatology
1746:Ichthyology
1726:Herpetology
1701:Bryozoology
1679:Myrmecology
1674:Melittology
1655:Carcinology
1645:Arachnology
1566:WikiProject
1315:Odonatology
1305:Myrmecology
1300:Melittology
1275:Dipterology
1052:30 November
795:of Canada:
793:Edna Mosher
566:and edited
562:who funded
488:Naturaliste
463:Naturaliste
431:In Russia,
393:, that of
325:online here
317:online here
288:(1761) and
151:Jan Goedart
121:Renaissance
101:butterflies
2284:Categories
2241:Pre-Darwin
2215:Thomas Say
2172:Zoologists
2146:By species
1885:Arthropoda
1850:Ctenophora
1796:Nematology
1780:Felinology
1760:Teuthology
1755:Conchology
1751:Malacology
1660:Entomology
1235:Entomology
1155:2017-12-18
1130:2017-12-18
1015:8 February
989:References
848:Entomology
827:(1900) by
819:(1942) by
743:Palearctic
739:Hans Rebel
715:Parnassius
578:author of
550:in Paris,
542:Collectors
469:See also:
400:In Italy,
357:In France
340:Carl Geyer
311:published
236:March 2018
153:(1662–67 )
93:entomology
53:(from
36:collection
2071:Breathing
1923:Histology
1785:Hippology
1766:Mammalogy
1735:Ophiology
1649:Acarology
1330:Vespology
1125:0028-792X
933:1962-2017
505:SMS
482:Géographe
457:Géographe
447:Explorers
383:Astrolabe
207:does not
64:(lepídos)
38:in Poland
2269:Category
2113:Arteries
1998:Elephant
1973:Anatomy
1900:Annelida
1895:Mollusca
1875:Chordata
1860:Cnidaria
1855:Placozoa
1845:Porifera
1775:Cynology
1770:Cetology
1716:Ethology
1629:Branches
1542:Category
1379:Americas
1246:Timeline
955:See also
776:Americas
586:Carnegie
526:and the
412:such as
391:Coquille
389:and the
259:Scholars
171:John Ray
109:aurelian
77:(pterón)
2234:History
1931:Tissues
1620:Outline
1609:Zoology
1554:Commons
1482:Oceania
846:in the
840:Harvard
600:Museums
584:. The
228:removed
213:sources
188:History
115:Origins
66: '
61:λεπίδος
1838:groups
1836:Animal
1503:Global
1441:Europe
1358:Africa
1175:Mètode
1123:
1043:
640:, and
590:Mellon
570:. The
507:Novara
424:, and
404:wrote
369:wrote
334:wrote
319:) and
284:wrote
183:(1717)
173:(1710)
143:(1634)
88:-logia
83:-λογία
74:πτερόν
70:'
2130:Heart
2118:Veins
2103:Lymph
2098:Blood
1988:Human
119:Post-
97:moths
68:scale
57:
1410:Asia
1121:ISSN
1054:2010
1041:ISBN
1017:2011
672:and
588:and
554:and
485:and
460:and
365:and
342:and
211:any
209:cite
2003:Cat
1993:Dog
1091:doi
842:'s
636:),
628:),
620:),
612:),
385:of
327:).
222:by
2286::
1173:.
1147:.
1119:.
1115:.
1103:^
1085:.
1025:^
1006:.
976:,
812:.
676:.
668:,
664:,
660:,
656:,
652:.
443:.
420:,
416:,
397:.
361:,
179:–
169:–
159:–
149:–
139:–
111:.
1792:)
1768:(
1762:)
1753:(
1742:)
1728:(
1692:)
1686:)
1662:(
1651:)
1647:(
1643:(
1601:e
1594:t
1587:v
1227:e
1220:t
1213:v
1158:.
1133:.
1097:.
1093::
1087:4
1070:.
1056:.
1019:.
644:(
632:(
624:(
616:(
608:(
249:)
243:(
238:)
234:(
230:.
216:.
86:(
20:)
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