48:
284:
overall survival of 8 months. A 2009 study on 91 patients found a median overall survival for erythroleukemia patients of 36 weeks, with no statistically significant difference to other AML patients. AEL patients did have a significantly shorter disease-free survival period, a median of 32 weeks, but
234:
and early basophilic erythroblasts. These cells may constitute 90% or more of the marrow elements. Despite this lack of myeloblasts, these cases should be considered acute leukemias. In a WHO proposal the blastic leukemias that are limited to the erythroid series are designated pure erythroid
279:
Information on prognosis is limited by the rarity of the condition. Prognosis appears to be no different from AML in general, taking into account other risk factors. Acute erythroid leukemia (M6) has a relatively poor prognosis. A 2010 study of 124 patients found a
324:). Di Guglielmo was the first to recognize the leukemic nature of the condition, and it is sometimes referred to as Di Guglielmo's syndrome in recognition of his work. Ernst Neumark was widely credited for introducing Di Guglielmo's syndrome to English pathology.
949:
934:
1712:
289:. Prognosis is worse in elderly patients, those with a history of myelodysplastic syndrome, and in patients who had previously received chemotherapy for the treatment of a different neoplasm.
964:
1192:
1633:
1343:
1296:
1197:
1121:
1492:
285:
this effect was explained by other prognostic factors. That is, AEL is often associated with other risk factors, like monosomal karyotypes and a history of
1202:
1081:
1613:
268:
1032:"Diagnosis and characterization of acute erythroleukemia subsets by determining the percentages of myeloblasts and proerythroblasts in 69 cases"
1269:
846:
Di
Guglielmo G. (1917). "Richerche di ematologia. I. Un caso di eritroleucemia. Megacariociti in circolo e loro funzione piastrinopoietico".
732:
584:
557:
530:
503:
476:
1778:
301:
of 0.077 cases per 100,000 people each year. 64–70% of people with this condition are male, and most are elderly, with a median age of 65.
799:"Acute erythroid leukemia as defined in the World Health Organization classification is a rare and pathogenetically heterogeneous disease"
1628:
975:
1090:
1353:
1114:
1835:
1618:
1529:
1358:
1702:
1470:
1331:
1229:
1048:
1031:
1810:
1745:
1281:
1207:
797:
Kasyan A, Medeiros LJ, Zuo Z, Santos FP, Ravandi-Kashani F, Miranda R, Vadhan-Raj S, Koeppen H, Bueso-Ramos CE (2010).
573:
Raghavan, Derek; Brecher, Martin L.; Johnson, David H.; Meropol, Neal J.; Moots, Paul L.; Rose, Peter G. (2006-07-11).
297:
Acute erythroid leukemia is rare, accounting for only 3–5% of all acute myeloid leukemia cases. One study estimated an
1795:
1576:
1512:
1460:
1448:
1219:
1187:
1107:
168:
251:
Treatment for erythroleukemia generally follows that for other types of AML, not otherwise specified. It consists of
672:
Hasserjian RP, Zuo Z, Garcia C, Tang G, Kasyan A, Luthra R, Abruzzo LV, Kantarjian HM, Medeiros LJ, Wang SA (2010).
1707:
1474:
93:
1522:
1413:
160:
1598:
1264:
1134:
986:
298:
286:
164:
1291:
230:; a myeloblast component is not apparent. The erythroid component consists predominantly or exclusively of
1768:
1554:
1438:
1403:
1321:
1254:
1177:
1076:
181:
81:
1805:
317:
47:
1727:
1717:
1623:
1072:
309:
The first known case of acute erythroid leukemia was described in 1912 by M. Copelli under the name
953:
1672:
1061:
445:
85:
674:"Acute erythroid leukemia: a reassessment using criteria refined in the 2008 WHO classification"
420:
Santos FP, Bueso-Ramos CE, Ravandi F (2010). "Acute erythroleukemia: diagnosis and management".
363:
493:
17:
1722:
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109:
60:
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685:
641:
633:
429:
375:
148:
1099:
1783:
600:
231:
622:"Adult acute erythroleukemia: an analysis of 91 patients treated at a single institution"
320:(1886–1962), expanded on the description, coining the name "eritroleucemia" (Italian for
1085:
969:
889:
823:
798:
774:
749:
698:
673:
646:
621:
958:
865:
1829:
1378:
1310:
1030:
Kowal-Vern A, Mazzella FM, Cotelingam JD, Shrit MA, Rector JT, Schumacher HR (2000).
117:
1065:
469:
Hematopathology: Morphology, Immunophenotype, Cytogenetics, and
Molecular Approaches
1693:
1682:
449:
327:
314:
260:
252:
207:
172:
144:
132:
105:
1015:
991:
689:
1662:
1148:
334:, died from complications related to acute erythroid leukemia on June 27, 2015.
124:
89:
943:
814:
331:
264:
256:
226:
In rare cases the erythroid lineage is the only obvious component of an acute
215:
140:
65:
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113:
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707:
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441:
389:
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227:
214:
is prominent and 20% or more of the remaining cells (non- erythroid) are
120:
69:
926:
1501:
1427:
1130:
159:
The causes of AEL are unknown. Prior to a 2008 reclassification by the
748:
Wells AW, Bown N, Reid MM, Hamilton PJ, Jackson GH, Taylor PR (2001).
433:
1608:
1157:
1142:
938:
281:
136:
750:"Erythroleukaemia in the north of England: a population based study"
721:
Orazi, Attilio; O'Malley, Dennis P.; Arber, Daniel A. (2006-07-20).
620:
Santos FP, Faderl S, Garcia-Manero G, et al. (December 2009).
1543:
128:
1049:
10.1002/1096-8652(200009)65:1<5::AID-AJH2>3.0.CO;2-U
980:
1103:
1713:
Adult type of generalized eruption of cutaneous mastocytosis
179:. These cases are now likely to instead be classified as
135:
at the time of diagnosis. Almost all people with AEL are
198:
Acute erythroid leukemias can be classified as follows:
175:
for other cancers or exposure to toxins were defined as
498:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 1313.
525:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 764.
916:
243:
Myeloblast- and proerythroblast-rich mixed variant.
108:(a shortage of all types of blood cells), including
1792:
1765:
1758:
1736:
1691:
1659:
1650:
1595:
1573:
1551:
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1509:
1500:
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1457:
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1426:
1400:
1391:
1371:
1340:
1318:
1309:
1278:
1251:
1242:
1216:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1141:
1001:
920:
206:50% or more of all nucleated bone marrow cells are
59:
37:
32:
552:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 148.
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
667:
665:
239:M6c (Erythroleukemia and Pure erythroid leukemia)
92:precursors. It is defined as type "M6" under the
1634:Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia
362:Zuo Z, Polski JM, Kasyan A, Medeiros LJ (2010).
55:Bone marrow smear from a case of erythroleukemia
519:Cheng, Liang; Bostwick, David G. (2011-03-18).
104:The most common symptoms of AEL are related to
1297:Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia
890:"Yes bass guitarist Chris Squire dies aged 67"
1115:
8:
615:
613:
151:are found in about half of people with AEL.
1762:
1656:
1548:
1506:
1497:
1432:
1397:
1315:
1248:
1171:
1162:
1153:
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727:. Cambridge University Press. p. 59.
330:, bassist from the progressive rock group
46:
29:
1047:
822:
773:
697:
645:
379:
357:
355:
353:
351:
349:
347:
123:. Almost half of people with AEL exhibit
724:Illustrated Pathology of the Bone Marrow
1614:Refractory anemia with excess of blasts
343:
579:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 546.
84:(less than 5% of AML cases) where the
871:. British Medical Journal. 1967-07-29
7:
1779:Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis
1629:Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
184:with myelodysplasia-related changes
25:
1354:Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
522:Essentials of Anatomic Pathology
1619:Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome
1530:Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
1359:Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
1270:Myeloid dendritic cell leukemia
471:. Academic Press. p. 236.
18:Leukemia, erythroblastic, acute
1703:Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis
492:Schwab, Manfred (2011-09-23).
1:
1471:Chronic eosinophilic leukemia
1230:Chronic neutrophilic leukemia
222:M6b (Pure erythroid leukemia)
1811:Biphenotypic acute leukaemia
1746:Xanthelasmoidal mastocytosis
690:10.1182/blood-2009-09-243964
549:Atlas of Clinical Hematology
169:myeloproliferative neoplasms
1188:Acute myeloblastic leukemia
576:Textbook of Uncommon Cancer
546:Armitage, James O. (2004).
269:bone marrow transplantation
255:, frequently consisting of
1852:
1708:Erythrodermic mastocytosis
1475:Hypereosinophilic syndrome
601:Erythroleukemia ~treatment
364:"Acute erythroid leukemia"
163:, cases that evolved from
78:Acute erythrocyte leukemia
33:Acute erythrocyte leukemia
1523:Essential thrombocythemia
815:10.1038/modpathol.2010.96
165:myelodysplastic syndromes
161:World Health Organization
54:
45:
1135:hematological malignancy
465:"Acute Myeloid Leukemia"
463:Naiem F, Rao PN (2009).
287:myelodysplastic syndrome
1292:Philadelphia chromosome
143:level under 10.0 g/dl.
1836:Acute myeloid leukemia
1077:University of Virginia
495:Encyclopedia of Cancer
381:10.5858/2009-0350-RA.1
368:Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med
267:. It can also involve
182:acute myeloid leukemia
82:acute myeloid leukemia
1806:Primary myelofibrosis
1738:Systemic mastocytosis
1683:Systemic mastocytosis
318:Giovanni Di Guglielmo
202:M6a (Erythroleukemia)
41:Di Guglielmo syndrome
1728:Solitary mastocytoma
1718:Urticaria pigmentosa
1624:Sideroblastic anemia
848:Folia Medica (Pavia)
766:10.1136/jcp.54.8.608
638:10.1038/leu.2009.181
313:. In 1917, Italian
188:therapy-related AML
1673:Mast cell leukemia
1565:Erythroleukemia/M6
1449:Acute eosinophilic
1002:External resources
866:"Obituary Notices"
422:Expert Rev Hematol
100:Signs and symptoms
94:FAB classification
86:myeloproliferation
80:is a rare form of
1823:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1754:
1753:
1723:Mast cell sarcoma
1678:Mast cell sarcoma
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1609:Refractory anemia
1587:Polycythemia vera
1538:
1537:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1422:
1421:
1387:
1386:
1367:
1366:
1305:
1304:
1238:
1237:
1095:Nagoya University
1025:
1024:
734:978-1-139-45552-7
586:978-0-470-03055-4
559:978-0-7817-5128-5
532:978-1-4419-6043-6
505:978-3-642-16482-8
478:978-0-08-091948-5
434:10.1586/ehm.10.62
212:dyserythropoiesis
139:, and 77% have a
75:
74:
27:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
1843:
1799:
1772:
1763:
1759:Multiple/unknown
1739:
1696:
1666:
1657:
1602:
1580:
1558:
1549:
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1507:
1498:
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1414:Acute basophilic
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232:proerythroblasts
149:thrombocytopenia
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1784:Myeloid sarcoma
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754:J. Clin. Pathol
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684:(10): 1985–92.
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632:(12): 2275–80.
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322:erythroleukemia
307:
299:occurrence rate
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196:
157:
102:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1104:
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1086:Marist College
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1036:Am. J. Hematol
1023:
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922:
921:Classification
914:
913:External links
911:
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896:. 28 June 2015
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809:(8): 1113–26.
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374:(9): 1261–70.
342:
341:
339:
336:
311:erythromatosis
306:
303:
294:
291:
276:
273:
248:
245:
240:
237:
235:malignancies.
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1390:
1380:
1379:Histiocytosis
1377:
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1374:
1370:
1360:
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1345:
1339:
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1311:Myelomonocyte
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1080:
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793:
790:
785:
781:
776:
771:
767:
763:
760:(8): 608–12.
759:
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741:
736:
730:
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428:(6): 705–18.
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177:secondary AEL
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118:mucocutaneous
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31:
19:
1794:
1767:
1694:Mastocytosis
1661:
1597:
1575:
1564:
1553:
1511:
1459:
1437:
1402:
1342:
1320:
1280:
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1218:
1176:
1149:granulocytes
1039:
1035:
1009:
985:
974:
963:
948:
933:
898:. Retrieved
893:
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873:. Retrieved
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541:
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468:
458:
425:
421:
371:
367:
328:Chris Squire
326:
321:
315:hematologist
310:
308:
296:
293:Epidemiology
278:
261:daunorubicin
253:chemotherapy
250:
242:
225:
205:
197:
187:
180:
176:
173:chemotherapy
158:
133:night sweats
106:pancytopenia
103:
90:erythrocytic
77:
76:
1663:Mastocytoma
1042:(1): 5–13.
900:22 February
803:Mod. Pathol
216:myeloblasts
125:weight loss
38:Other names
1147:and other
875:2022-03-03
338:References
265:idarubicin
257:cytarabine
141:hemoglobin
114:infections
66:Hematology
1167:Myelocyte
1133:-related
1073:Histology
1011:eMedicine
606:eMedicine
275:Prognosis
247:Treatment
194:Diagnosis
61:Specialty
1830:Category
1652:CFU-Mast
1393:CFU-Baso
1244:Monocyte
1082:Overview
1066:12060278
1058:10936857
894:BBC News
833:20473273
784:11477115
708:20040759
656:19741728
626:Leukemia
442:21091147
390:20807044
228:leukemia
121:bleeding
70:oncology
1502:CFU-Meg
1428:CFU-Eos
1265:AMoL/M5
1131:Myeloid
1016:med/729
992:D004915
970:M9840/3
824:5846338
775:1731487
699:2942006
647:4217206
450:8987729
305:History
110:fatigue
1208:APL/M3
1158:CFU-GM
1143:CFU-GM
1091:Images
1064:
1056:
981:133180
854:: 386.
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282:median
263:, and
155:Causes
137:anemic
116:, and
88:is of
1544:CFU-E
1372:Other
1344:MD-MP
1062:S2CID
965:ICD-O
959:207.0
944:C94.0
869:(PDF)
678:Blood
446:S2CID
145:Signs
129:fever
1054:PMID
987:MeSH
976:OMIM
954:9-CM
902:2020
829:PMID
780:PMID
729:ISBN
704:PMID
652:PMID
581:ISBN
554:ISBN
527:ISBN
500:ISBN
473:ISBN
438:PMID
386:PMID
190:. +
131:and
1769:AML
1555:AML
1493:MEP
1439:AML
1404:AML
1322:AML
1282:CML
1255:AML
1178:AML
1093:at
1084:at
1075:at
1044:doi
950:ICD
935:ICD
819:PMC
811:doi
770:PMC
762:doi
694:PMC
686:doi
682:115
642:PMC
634:doi
604:at
430:doi
376:doi
372:134
332:Yes
186:or
147:of
1832::
1796:MP
1599:MD
1577:MP
1513:MP
1461:MP
1332:M4
1220:MP
1203:M2
1198:M1
1193:M0
1060:.
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1040:65
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