558:
procedures as short field landings and takeoffs over obstacles, low altitude navigation, first aid, day and night reconnaissance, aerial photography and aircraft maintenance. Unarmored and unarmed—except perhaps for a .45 pistol or .30 carbine—these men in 28 different squadrons flew low and slow with wheels, skis or floats. They flew varied and often hazardous missions in nearly every theater—medical evacuation from forward areas; delivering munitions, blood plasma, mail and other supplies to front lines; ferrying personnel; flying photographic or intelligence missions; serving as air observers for fighters or bombers; and other critical yet often unpublicized missions.
373:
was also four weeks long, with a further 30 hours on the same trainers as flown in the
Preliminary phase, but with emphasis on "dead-stick" landings. A Basic phase was introduced after Elementary, lasted another four weeks and included 30 hours on TG-5, TG-6 and/or TG-8 training gliders. The Advanced phase until 21 December 1942 was a four-week period of training, with a further 15 flying hours on training gliders mastering low-approach and "blitz" landings (as used in combat). Beginning 21 December 1942, this phase was reduced to two weeks in length and consisted of eight flying hours on CG-4 cargo gliders.
486:. In similar manner to the Glider Pilots, applicants in this category were required to have passed Primary phase and have logged at least 50 hours of student pilot time (dual, solo or a combination thereof) on military or naval aircraft. Individuals who had finished Primary but washed out from a later phase were often given the option to transition to the Liaison Pilot or Glider Pilot rating, depending upon needs of the service, hence both were often considered "second chance" ratings.
90:, medical standards for initial entry into the Glider Pilot, Liaison Pilot or Service Pilot ratings were less restrictive. As opposed to the USAAF Class I medical examination required of all prospective Aviation Cadets, prospective Glider and Liaison Pilots meeting only USAAF Class II standards were allowed into those respective training programs, while the still less restrictive Class III standards were permitted for entrants into the Service Pilot rating.
397:— then released directly overhead of their landing zones. Glider Pilots would execute a steep, rapid descent from the moment of tow release, arresting their descent rate and airspeed only in the final seconds prior to touchdown. Ingress on-tow into enemy airspace was typically executed at less than 1000 feet above ground level (AGL), often at night and/or in marginal weather, and frequently under severe enemy
497:. Those not possessing a private (or higher) pilot rating acquired in civil life or 50 hours of previous military or civilian pilot experience were given an elementary course of some 40 to 60 hours on L- or PT-series aircraft (similar to that given Class B students in the Glider Pilot program) before progressing to mission-specific Liaison Pilot training.
822:(FAC) role has its roots in the role of the Liaison Pilots of the WW2 era, and continues to be employed on modern airframes in the U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force and U.S. Marine Corps alike. In addition, many foreign military air arms developed their own FAC capability in similar fashion during and after the WW2 era.
123:
For Class II and III personnel, correction to 20/20 or better in each eye separately with ordinary spectacles was required in all cases, and no other visual or ocular deficiencies were allowed. Changes to the more permissive minimum uncorrected acuity requirements (listed in parentheses) were made in
372:
phases, with Class A and Class B students training together under a common syllabus from the commencement of the
Elementary phase. Preliminary was attended only by the Class B students, was four weeks in duration and included 30 hours dual and solo flying much the same as earlier classes. Elementary
335:
Class B students underwent a somewhat longer
Preliminary phase, itself divided into two further phases: Phase I, of five weeks' duration and consisting of 40 hours dual and solo flying on primary trainer (PT-series) or liaison (L-series) aircraft, emphasizing basic aircraft handling, and Phase II, a
209:
The success of German glider-borne forces early in World War II catapulted the Army Air Forces into a glider program in
February 1941. In December 1941, plans called for training 1,000 AAF glider pilots, but eventually about 5,500 received their wings. Most Glider Pilots came from the enlisted ranks
449:
of 175 horsepower or less for purposes of ferrying officers, taking observers on observation missions, or transporting small amounts of critical materiel. Inspects and performs minor maintenance on airplane to which assigned.", and usually assigned to
Liaison Squadrons of the USAAF and to Aviation
557:
Liaison units flew "...light single-engine liaison aircraft. Included were many enlisted aviation students who washed out of pilot training after having soloed and were given the opportunity to become
Liaison Pilots. Flight training consisted of about 60 hours of flying time and stressed such
77:
The individual awarded these ratings were selected on the basis of civil flying experience and pilot certificates gained prior to their induction into the U.S. Army. Further training tended to be focused within a narrowly-defined set of missions for which their previously-acquired skills and
409:
Commissioned officers holding the Glider Pilot rating were eligible to command flying units equipped with gliders only. Effective 4 February 1943, rated Glider Pilots were authorized to pilot liaison aircraft of 180 horsepower or less and to perform the same duties as
Liaison Pilots.
527:
of the Field
Artillery School at Ft. Sill, Oklahoma. The course placed particular emphasis on short-field and soft-/rough-field takeoffs and landings over obstacles, and low-altitude navigation. Their duties included transportation of troops and supplies,
100:. Distant and near: 20/20 or better uncorrected. Applied to applicants for the Aviation Cadet Training Program only (effective 1942, the Class II medical below was allowed for Aviation Cadets classified for Navigator and Bombardier training only).
507:
Direct assignment of USAAF personnel currently rated as Pilots (including
Service Pilots). This appears to have been a less commonplace source, and anecdotal indications from the relevant literature suggest they had usually volunteered for this
262:
Previously eliminated from military or naval pilot training, provided at least 50 hours had been logged as principal pilot (solo or performing duties of first-pilot under supervision)and/or as student pilot on military or naval
405:
fire. Wake turbulence generated by the tow-planes' wingtips and propellers coupled with low-level atmospheric turbulence typically resulted in an extremely rough ride, and many of the glider-borne troops suffered airsickness.
106:. Distant and near: 20/40 (later 20/100) uncorrected, correctable with spectacles to 20/20 or better. Applied to rated Pilots with less than 1500 hours flying time, Navigators, Bombardiers, Liaison Pilots and Glider Pilots.
575:"In the northwestern United States, some liaison pilots flew forest patrols (Project Firefly), watching for fires ignited by incendiary bombs carried across the Pacific beneath unmanned Japanese high-altitude balloons."
466:. Commissioned and flight officer Liaison Pilots performed substantially the same flying duties as their enlisted counterparts, and were eligible to command flying units equipped with L-series (liaison) aircraft only.
112:. Distant: 20/100 (later 20/200) uncorrected, correctable with spectacles to 20/20 or better. Near: correctable to 20/20 or better. Applied to Senior Pilots, Command Pilots, Service Pilots and Senior Service Pilots,
515:
certificate (or higher) and a minimum or 40 hours of flight time were required. Individuals falling short of the experience requirements demanded for the
Service Pilot rating were often accepted as Liaison Pilots
298:
acquired commercially. Extensive use was made of civilian instructors, and of facilities and aircraft at civilian soaring clubs and flight schools. The sailplanes used were optimized for long-duration, unpowered
688:
Cadet Soaring Instructor Pilots wear the Glider Pilot wings in honor of the WWII Glider Pilots, by permission of the National WW2 Glider Pilots' Association and the Superintendent of the U.S. Air Force Academy.
303:
flight however, and did not adequately simulate the flight characteristics of the cargo gliders under development. This resulted in several significant changes to the training program effective 15 June 1942.
572:"In another mission, an army officer wounded in the chest in New Guinea was evacuated in a liaison aircraft as the pilot pumped a portable respirator with one hand while he flew the aircraft with the other.
339:
Training for Class A and Class B students merged at the beginning of the Elementary-Advanced stage, consisting of one week and eight flight hours on two- or three-place training gliders — typically Aeronca
540:. Graduates received Liaison Pilot wings. Personnel trained in-grade, with enlisted students being promoted to Staff Sergeant until September 1942, after which graduates were appointed as Flight Officers.
676:
Following the close of World War II, these pilot badges fell into disuse and there were no further issuances. With the creation of the U.S. Air Force, these three aeronautical ratings became obsolete.
277:. Several critical changes were introduced into the training program during 1942-43 (as described in the next two paragraphs), however ground training included practical instruction in basic
269:
Effective 12 June 1942, individuals with no previous flying experience were also accepted into glider training. Individuals meeting the experience criteria listed above were classified as
1380:
Civil Air Patrol (23 January 2015). CAP Regulation 35-6 — Personnel Procedures — Operations Ratings, Awards and Badges. National Headquarters Civil Air Patrol, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL
454:
units at the Division level and above (e.g.: a Divisional Artillery HQ would include a small Aviation Section). A minority of Liaison Pilots held commissioned rank; these were normally
445:
was presented to enlisted military pilots of MOS 772 (officers holding the Liaison Pilot rating held the MOS Code 1981 - Air Observation Pilot): "Pilots and maintains a small
385:, and were tasked to deliver personnel and cargo deep into enemy-held territory aboard cargo gliders designed especially for that purpose. Gliders such as the U.S.-built
1389:
Civil Air Patrol (01 July 2015). CAP Manual 60-1G — Operations — CAP Glider Program Procedures Manual. National Headquarters Civil Air Patrol, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL
810:, the Liaison Pilots embedded with the U.S. Army's Field Artillery battalions remained part of the Army, forming the nucleus of what would evolve into today's U.S. Army
580:
Effective 4 February 1943, rated Glider Pilots were authorized to pilot liaison aircraft of 180 horsepower or less and to perform the same duties as Liaison Pilots.
186:(MOS 1026). The wings were issued initially during the Second World War. The final class of Glider Pilots ever to be trained received their wings in January 1945 at
952:"Aviation Cadet Training for the Army Air Forces" (p.7), War Department brochure LX-110-RPB-3-13-100M (March 1943), War Department, Washington, DC. Retrieved from
1326:
841:
222:, whereas those already in the grade of Staff Sergeant or higher retained their current grade. After Nov. 21, 1942, all enlisted graduates were appointed as
1313:
974:
348:
cargo gliders. Total training time was typically 46 flight hours (six weeks) for Class A students and 71 flight hours (nine weeks) for Class B students.
294:
The USAAF's Glider Pilot Training Program was in its embryonic stage. Several experimental courses were conducted during this period, using two-place
552:
units. Commissioned officers holding the Liaison Pilot Rating were eligible to command flying units equipped with liaison (L-series) aircraft only.
1186:
798:
pilot certificate (private or higher) with a glider category rating and have passed a CAP/USAF mandated written and flight examination on gliders.
655:
479:
87:
320:
stage. For Class A students, Preliminary lasted four weeks and included 30 hours of dual and solo training on liaison (L-series) aircraft (e.g.:
78:
experience were considered directly applicable. In addition, less-restrictive medical standards and broader age limits applied at initial entry.
134:
in purpose and scope from those in use within military and civil aviation today, and do not directly correspond to any current USAF, US Army or
1405:
1246:
504:. This course was considered to be equivalent in depth and scope to Elementary or Primary Flying Training under the USAAF and US Navy programs.
51:
in one of three specialized, limited-duty pilot categories whose selection and training differed from that of the traditional military pilot.
483:
846:
783:
simulator at NASA's Johnson Space Center have reportedly completed every simulated landing accurately and correctly on the first attempt.
811:
633:
48:
435:
332:
types), with particular emphasis on steep gliding descents, approaches and precision landings without power ("dead-stick" landings).
173:
1030:
p.150 in Grim, J. Norman (2009) "To Fly the Gentle Giants: The Training of U. S. WW II Glider Pilots" Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse
565:
aircraft in short 30-minute flights (Dec. 10-25, 1944) delivering supplies (including a 300-bed hospital) to the 6,000 men of the
1176:
Section 11 — Aeronautical Ratings, in U.S. Army Air Forces Pilots' Information File (PIF 1-11-2), War Department, 1 October 1943
919:
Section 11 — Aeronautical Ratings, in U.S. Army Air Forces Pilots' Information File (PIF 1-11-3), War Department, 1 October 1943
93:
The most significant difference in standards between each medical class was visual acuity (all values for each eye separately):
1338:
795:
685:
501:
227:
135:
150:
Age restrictions were also more lenient in the case of applicants for these ratings. For comparison (all limits inclusive):
790:
awards a Glider Pilot Badge of its own — having a somewhat differing wing and escutcheon design while retaining the letter
40:
700:
964:
TM 8-300 "Notes on Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat in Aviation Medicine", War Department, 26 November 1940, Washington, DC.
423:
55:
692:
The following NASA astronauts have been inducted by the National WW2 Glider Pilots' Association as Honorary Members:
836:
752:
742:
732:
722:
524:
187:
1410:
708:
589:
329:
953:
661:
Service pilots performed non-combat flying duties, including instruction, outside the theaters of operation.
1288:
402:
215:
1226:"Tip of The Spear: A Private Pilot - Armchair General - Armchair General Magazine - We Put YOU in Command!"
608:
819:
758:
639:
566:
256:
Held a lapsed airman certificate, provided that such certificate did not lapse prior to 1 January 1941, or
1153:
780:
616:
382:
250:
59:
1225:
869:
621:
704:
562:
325:
561:"During the campaign to recapture the Philippines, pilots of the 25th Liaison Squadron flew a dozen
243:
Score at least 110 on the Army AGCT Test, or at least 65 on the Aviation Cadet Mental Screening Test
1187:"ANY PLACE, ANY TIME, ANY WHERE: THE 1ST AIR COMMANDO GROUP IN WORLD WAR II. - Free Online Library"
892:
738:
549:
533:
529:
494:
463:
459:
451:
295:
1021:
TM 12-427, Military Occupational Classification of Enlisted Personnel, War Department, July 1944
393:
AS.51/58 were towed to their destinations by multi-engine cargo transports — most commonly the
1363:
1307:
1204:
629:
602:
814:. What was once the Liaison Pilot rating has long since evolved, further expanding into the
787:
748:
446:
1262:
654:
58:
with one of three upper-case letters superimposed upon the badge's shield (formally termed
490:
455:
183:
1121:
233:
Initially, applicants for Glider Pilot training had to meet the following requirements:
807:
768:
537:
390:
223:
219:
203:
191:
113:
218:
and above trained in-grade. Upon graduation, Sergeants and below would be promoted to
1399:
935:
643:
612:
598:
512:
419:
1342:
815:
696:
195:
44:
17:
998:
336:
further two weeks and 15 hours of flight time emphasizing "dead-stick" landings.
341:
493:
officers (and occasionally enlisted personnel) who had already been trained as
1067:
714:
398:
1135:
344:
and similar aircraft — followed by another week and a further eight hours on
281:
skills in addition to the normal aviation ground school subjects throughout.
210:— all were volunteers. Junior enlisted personnel trained in the pay grade of
728:
718:
593:
386:
345:
321:
246:
Have prior flying experience meeting one or more of the following criteria:
954:
http://history.cap.gov/files/original/e608b27f09bb897648ef5b7e3a348a95.pdf
434:
198:
which was created in 1944 to recognize glider-borne ground troops (mostly
172:
54:
The badges denoting these respective ratings were similar to the standard
1085:
831:
474:
Applicants for Liaison Pilot duty were drawn from the following sources:
278:
211:
199:
478:
Washouts from the Basic and Advanced phases of pilot training under the
300:
249:
Hold a currently effective civilian airman certificate in the grade of
548:
Liaison pilots flew light single-engine aircraft in direct support of
489:
The Field Artillery School, Fort Sill, Oklahoma. These were typically
1292:
1049:
422:, actor. Assistant Operations Officer for Glider Ground Operations,
182:
wings were awarded to soldiers who completed training as pilots of
772:
762:
206:) of U.S. Airborne Divisions, who rode into combat as passengers.
1247:"Two Steps from Glory, a World War II Liaison Pilot and His L-4H"
1103:
394:
1275:
America in WWII: The Magazine of a People At War, Vol. 7, No.2
356:
The Glider Pilot training syllabus followed a progression of
312:
Glider Pilot Training was divided into two principal stages:
668:) pending completion of new articles for all three ratings.
653:
433:
171:
592:, history teacher, destroyed six German tanks from a Piper
130:
USAAF medical examination Classes I, II and III differed
1273:
Sassaman, Richard (August 2011). "Pilots With Stripes".
1122:"IX Troop Carrier Command - Air Mobility Command Museum"
806:
Following the USAAF's separation in 1947 to become the
138:
standard titled under the same or similar terminology.
116:, Technical Observers, and most Aircrew Member ratings.
624:(Ph.D.), African-American microbiologist, author of
818:qualification of today's Army. The modern Airborne
664:
An image of the Service Pilot badge remains shown (
82:US Army Air Forces Flying Medical Classes Compared
259:Completed 200 or more previous glider flights, or
240:Pass AAF Class I or II flying medical examination
140:This information is for historical reference only
555:
194:. These wings should not be confused with the
1258:
1256:
842:Obsolete badges of the United States military
711:Docking Module Pilot, former Chief Astronaut)
8:
230:— upon completing Advanced Glider Training.
993:
991:
605:from Germany to Austria for interrogation.
779:WW2 era Glider Pilots invited to fly the
39:badges were qualification badges of the
893:"They Flew into Battle on Silent Wings"
858:
480:Aviation Cadet Training Program (USAAF)
1364:"The Space Shuttle and Shuttle Pilots"
1312:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1305:
975:"e608b27f09bb897648ef5b7e3a348a95.pdf"
611:, father of broadcasting personality
484:Aviation Cadet Training Program (USN)
381:Glider Pilots deployed under USAAF's
352:14 September 1942 to 26 February 1943
226:— equal to the then existing rank of
7:
1241:
1239:
1172:
1170:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
847:Military badges of the United States
569:isolated in the mountains of Leyte.
1017:
1015:
929:
927:
925:
915:
913:
911:
909:
887:
885:
883:
864:
862:
590:Charles "Bazooka Charlie" Carpenter
228:Warrant Officer Junior Grade (WO 1)
25:
308:15 June 1942 to 13 September 1942
62:) denoting the wearer's rating:
686:United States Air Force Academy
628:(2012, Winning Strategy Press,
502:Civilian Pilot Training Program
88:Aviation Cadet Training Program
154:Aviation Cadet: 18 to 26 years
1:
1406:United States military badges
1339:"94 Flying Training Squadron"
794:— to its members who hold an
584:Notable former Liaison Pilots
511:Civilian pilot volunteers. A
462:, fully trained as artillery
163:Service Pilot: 18 to 45 years
160:Liaison Pilot: 18 to 35 years
41:United States Army Air Forces
1327:Service Pilot Aviation Badge
940:www.airbornetroopcarrier.com
721:Lunar Module Pilot, Shuttle
414:Notable former Glider Pilots
157:Glider Pilot: 18 to 35 years
43:issued during the years of
1427:
837:Department of Air Training
753:Approach and Landing Tests
743:Approach and Landing Tests
733:Approach and Landing Tests
731:(X-15 test pilot, Shuttle
723:Approach and Landing Tests
642:, personal pilot for Gen.
525:Department of Air Training
188:South Plains Army Airfield
1136:"NWWIIGPA-OUR TOW SHIPS"
389:or the British-designed
1230:www.armchairgeneral.com
1161:www.battledetective.com
870:"Glider Pilot Training"
420:John L. "Jackie" Coogan
403:anti-aircraft artillery
290:April 1941 to June 1942
214:during training, while
1191:www.thefreelibrary.com
999:"Survey Board Summary"
820:Forward Air Controller
699:(former WW2-era USAAF
658:
577:
567:11th Airborne Division
470:Liaison Pilot Training
438:
424:1st Air Commando Group
176:
781:Space Shuttle Orbiter
657:
617:25th Liaison Squadron
609:Rush H. Limbaugh, Jr.
523:was conducted by the
437:
383:Troop Carrier Command
285:Glider Pilot Training
175:
802:Liaison Pilot Legacy
640:John Thornton Walker
613:Rush H. Limbaugh III
544:Liaison Pilot Duties
521:Liaison Pilot School
273:, and all others as
70:(Liaison Pilot), or
1086:"NWWIIGPA-TRAINING"
1050:"NWWIIGPA-TRAINING"
739:C. Gordon Fullerton
680:Glider Pilot Legacy
672:Postwar (1945-1947)
443:Liaison Pilot Badge
377:Glider Pilot Duties
318:Elementary-Advanced
202:, but also various
86:In contrast to the
18:Liaison Pilot Badge
1368:www.pointvista.com
874:www.pointvista.com
659:
626:Two Steps to Glory
550:Army Ground Forces
534:aerial photography
530:medical evacuation
460:Army Ground Forces
452:Army Ground Forces
439:
237:Age 18 to 35 years
177:
769:Robert L. Crippen
500:Graduates of the
495:forward observers
464:forward observers
74:(Service Pilot).
56:USAAF Pilot Badge
16:(Redirected from
1418:
1411:Military gliding
1390:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1341:. Archived from
1335:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1311:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1291:. Archived from
1285:
1279:
1278:
1270:
1264:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1243:
1234:
1233:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1183:
1177:
1174:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1104:"NWWIIGPA-CG-4A"
1100:
1094:
1093:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1046:
1031:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1003:
995:
986:
985:
979:
971:
965:
962:
956:
950:
944:
943:
934:Brok, Hans den.
931:
920:
917:
904:
903:
897:
889:
878:
877:
866:
788:Civil Air Patrol
749:Richard H. Truly
622:Welton I. Taylor
536:, and low-level
447:liaison airplane
275:Class B Students
271:Class A Students
184:military gliders
66:(Glider Pilot),
21:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1321:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1289:"Archived copy"
1287:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1261:
1254:
1249:. 11 July 2014.
1245:
1244:
1237:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1212:103rdcactus.com
1207:
1205:"Liaison pilot"
1203:
1202:
1198:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1168:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1072:www.youtube.com
1066:
1065:
1061:
1048:
1047:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1013:
1001:
997:
996:
989:
982:docs.google.com
977:
973:
972:
968:
963:
959:
951:
947:
933:
932:
923:
918:
907:
895:
891:
890:
881:
868:
867:
860:
855:
828:
812:Aviation Branch
804:
729:Joseph H. Engle
682:
674:
652:
586:
578:
546:
491:Field Artillery
472:
456:Field Artillery
432:
416:
379:
316:and a combined
287:
224:Flight Officers
204:supporting arms
170:
148:
114:Flight Surgeons
84:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1424:
1422:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1355:
1330:
1319:
1280:
1265:
1252:
1235:
1217:
1196:
1178:
1166:
1145:
1127:
1113:
1095:
1077:
1059:
1032:
1023:
1011:
987:
966:
957:
945:
936:"George Theis"
921:
905:
879:
857:
856:
854:
851:
850:
849:
844:
839:
834:
827:
824:
808:U.S. Air Force
803:
800:
777:
776:
766:
756:
746:
736:
726:
712:
681:
678:
673:
670:
651:
648:
647:
646:
637:
634:978-0983867715
619:
606:
603:Hermann Göring
601:, transported
596:
585:
582:
554:
545:
542:
538:reconnaissance
518:
517:
509:
505:
498:
487:
471:
468:
458:officers from
431:
428:
427:
426:
415:
412:
391:Airspeed Horsa
378:
375:
286:
283:
267:
266:
265:
264:
260:
257:
254:
244:
241:
238:
220:Staff Sergeant
192:Lubbock, Texas
169:
166:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
147:
144:
118:
117:
107:
101:
83:
80:
47:to identify a
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1423:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1345:on 2016-12-22
1344:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1295:on 2011-10-19
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1140:www.ww2gp.org
1137:
1131:
1128:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1108:www.ww2gp.org
1105:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1090:www.ww2gp.org
1087:
1081:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1054:www.ww2gp.org
1051:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1006:www.ww2gp.org
1000:
994:
992:
988:
983:
976:
970:
967:
961:
958:
955:
949:
946:
941:
937:
930:
928:
926:
922:
916:
914:
912:
910:
906:
901:
900:www.ww2gp.org
894:
888:
886:
884:
880:
875:
871:
865:
863:
859:
852:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
825:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
801:
799:
797:
793:
789:
784:
782:
774:
770:
767:
764:
760:
759:John W. Young
757:
754:
750:
747:
744:
740:
737:
734:
730:
727:
724:
720:
716:
715:Fred W. Haise
713:
710:
706:
702:
698:
695:
694:
693:
690:
687:
679:
677:
671:
669:
667:
662:
656:
650:Service Pilot
649:
645:
644:Mark W. Clark
641:
638:
635:
631:
627:
623:
620:
618:
614:
610:
607:
604:
600:
599:Mayhew Foster
597:
595:
591:
588:
587:
583:
581:
576:
573:
570:
568:
564:
559:
553:
551:
543:
541:
539:
535:
531:
526:
522:
514:
513:private pilot
510:
506:
503:
499:
496:
492:
488:
485:
481:
477:
476:
475:
469:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
448:
444:
436:
430:Liaison Pilot
429:
425:
421:
418:
417:
413:
411:
407:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
374:
371:
367:
363:
359:
354:
353:
349:
347:
343:
337:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
310:
309:
305:
302:
297:
292:
291:
284:
282:
280:
276:
272:
261:
258:
255:
253:or higher, or
252:
251:private pilot
248:
247:
245:
242:
239:
236:
235:
234:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
174:
167:
162:
159:
156:
153:
152:
151:
145:
143:
141:
137:
133:
132:significantly
129:
125:
122:
115:
111:
108:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
89:
81:
79:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
50:
46:
42:
38:
37:Service Pilot
34:
33:Liaison Pilot
30:
19:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1347:. Retrieved
1343:the original
1333:
1322:
1297:. Retrieved
1293:the original
1283:
1274:
1268:
1229:
1220:
1211:
1199:
1190:
1181:
1160:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1026:
1005:
981:
969:
960:
948:
939:
899:
873:
816:Army Aviator
805:
791:
785:
778:
697:Deke Slayton
691:
683:
675:
665:
663:
660:
625:
615:, commanded
579:
574:
571:
560:
556:
547:
520:
519:
473:
450:Sections of
442:
440:
408:
380:
369:
365:
361:
357:
355:
351:
350:
338:
334:
317:
313:
311:
307:
306:
293:
289:
288:
274:
270:
268:
232:
208:
196:Glider Badge
180:Glider Pilot
179:
178:
168:Glider Pilot
149:
139:
131:
127:
126:
120:
119:
109:
103:
97:
92:
85:
76:
71:
67:
63:
53:
45:World War II
36:
32:
29:Glider Pilot
28:
26:
358:Preliminary
326:Taylorcraft
314:Preliminary
124:June 1942.
1400:Categories
1349:2016-12-21
1299:2016-12-21
853:References
765:Commander)
399:small-arms
362:Elementary
324:, various
296:sailplanes
146:Age Limits
60:escutcheon
1068:"YouTube"
751:(Shuttle
741:(Shuttle
719:Apollo 13
387:Waco CG-4
346:Waco CG-4
322:Piper Cub
263:aircraft.
110:Class III
1308:cite web
832:The Hump
826:See also
666:at right
516:instead.
370:Advanced
279:infantry
212:Sergeant
200:Infantry
104:Class II
1154:"Photo"
707:pilot,
330:Stinson
301:soaring
190:, near
98:Class I
775:Pilot)
632:
49:rating
35:, and
1208:(PDF)
1157:(JPG)
1002:(PDF)
978:(PDF)
896:(PDF)
773:STS-1
763:STS-1
508:duty.
366:Basic
128:N.B.:
121:N.B.:
1314:link
786:The
709:ASTP
705:A-26
703:and
701:B-25
684:The
630:ISBN
441:The
401:and
395:C-47
368:and
342:TG-5
328:and
216:NCOs
27:The
796:FAA
594:L-4
563:L-5
482:or
136:FAA
1402::
1366:.
1310:}}
1306:{{
1255:^
1238:^
1228:.
1210:.
1189:.
1169:^
1159:.
1138:.
1106:.
1088:.
1070:.
1052:.
1035:^
1014:^
1004:.
990:^
980:.
938:.
924:^
908:^
898:.
882:^
872:.
861:^
532:,
364:,
360:,
142:.
31:,
1370:.
1352:.
1316:)
1302:.
1277:.
1232:.
1214:.
1193:.
1163:.
1142:.
1124:.
1110:.
1092:.
1074:.
1056:.
1008:.
984:.
942:.
902:.
876:.
792:G
771:(
761:(
755:)
745:)
735:)
725:)
717:(
636:)
72:S
68:L
64:G
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
