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366:, the automobile designer. His works first reached international attention at the 1902 Turin Exposition. His furniture was thoroughly original, having little or no reference to other European versions of Art Nouveau. He used an extremely wide range of materials in his furniture, including ivory and rare woods. He was particularly fond of the keyhole form. His cobra chair, was inspired by the chairs of African chieftains, and was made of tropical woods, painted parchment and hammered copper.
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The
Liberty style in interior design and furniture had three distinct tendencies. The first was very floral and sculptural, following the model of England and France. The major designers in this style were Vittorio Valebrega and Agostino Lauro, and particularly the furniture manufacturer Valabrega,
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Liberty style, like other versions of Art
Nouveau, had the ambition of turning ordinary objects, such as chairs and windows, into works of art. Unlike the French and Belgian Art Nouveau, based primarily on nature, Liberty style was more strongly influenced by the
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Bugatti's theory was that any object, no matter what its function, could be transformed into a work of art. An unusual example of the theory that anything could be made into a work of art is the statue of dancing elephant by
283:, was the signature event of the style. It included designers from the United States, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, England, France, Holland, Norway, Austria, Scotland, Sweden and Hungary. Those displaying their works included
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The third tendency was for forms that were much more original and exotic, often derived from the styles of North Africa and the Middle East. These works were The most influential designer in this style was
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in 1911–13 to decorate the throne room of the royal palace there. Later works by Chini, with more geometric rather than natural designs, showed the growing influence of the more geometric style of the
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of
Palermo, an architect devoted special attention to the fusion of the architecture decoration in the interiors. He created a series of villas around Palermo between 1899 and 1901.
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and in its square with kiosks in this style dating back to the end of the nineteenth century. In particular, two architects were the first representatives of this new style:
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wrote in 1889, as the style was just beginning, "the genial sensual debauche of the
Baroque sensibility is one of the determining variants of the Italian Art Nouveau."
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In its later years, the
Liberty Style in graphics and painting moved away from floral and feminine themes to more modernist subjects, under the influence of
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As in France and other parts of Europe, the poster and other graphic arts was an important genre of the
Liberty style, particularly for travel posters.
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137:, which specialized in importing ornaments, textiles and art objects from Japan and the Far East. Major Italian designers using the style included
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murals, as in the Grand Hotel Villa Igiea (1899–1900). Basile also combined elements of a medieval castle with
Liberty decoration to create the
374:, the son of Carlo Bugatti, in 1908. In 1928, in a version made of silver, it was turned into a radiator cap for the Bugatti Royale automobile.
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Interior decoration in the
Liberty style continued longer in Italy than in other parts of Europe. An example is the decoration of interiors by
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was held in 1902. This marked a major event and featured works of both
Italian designers and other Art Nouveau designers from around Europe.
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was an important figure in the early style, though he moved to Paris and spent most of his career designing posters and graphics there.
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or ceramics. In 1897 he founded the
Florentine Society of Ceramic Arts, and between 1902 and 1914 he decorated the salons of the
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was the dominant figure in glassware and ceramics. He created decorative floral designs which were produced in stained glass,
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Glass and ceramics were important components of the Liberty style. Italian glass art particularly drew upon the tradition of
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Liberty kiosk dating back to the early and 1900s, is located in Piazza Verdi in front of the Teatro Massimo in Palermo
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which produced works in series. A second tendency was more discrete, and was similar to designs of the British
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style, with very lavish ornament and color, both on the interior and exterior. The Italian poet and critic
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movement, with linear forms, simplicity, and artisanal quality. The major designers in this school were
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Villa Favaloro was built in 1889 in liberty style by Giovan Battista Filippo Basile in Palermo
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in the decoration of the thermal baths at Acque della Salute. The frescos were painted by
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had a large number of Liberty style houses. The most prominent architects included
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Villino Favaloro, Liberty decoration of the entrance door to the loggia, in Palermo
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Liberty style is considered to be a western offshoot of the 19th-century British
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was one of the early figures in Liberty style architecture, with the
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Vase by Fratelli Toso (about 1910) with more geometric floral style
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The architecture of the Liberty style was more closely akin to the
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for the interior and exterior decoration. One example is found in
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Liberty style was especially popular in large cities outside of
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Torino 1902: Le Arti Decorative Internazionali Del Nuovo Secolo
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The first examples of the liberty style in Italy are found in
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Italia Liberty: Tutta la bellezza dell'arte Liberty in Italia
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on the themes of autumn and spring, painted in 1922 for the
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Prima Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Decorativa Moderna
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Another notable designer of Liberty style furniture was
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A distinctive element of Liberty style was the use of
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Coffee serving table (1907) (Cleveland Museum of Art)
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1207:(in French). Paris: Editions Place des Victoires.
519:style. with a lavish excess of external ornament.
182:the first major exposition of the style in Italy
1243:Il Liberty in Europa tra secessioni e modernità
658:in Milan by Giovanni Battista Bossi (1904–1906)
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887:became one of the major figures in Futurism.
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279:The 1902 Turin Exposition, formally titled,
133:and the store he founded in 1874 in London,
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746:Frescos at the Thermal Baths in Livorno by
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58:: Bottom: Cobra chair and writing desk by
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1203:Sanna, Angela; Farina, Violetta (2011).
726:Salon of the Grand Hotel Villa Igiea in
311:Poster for the 1902 Turin Exposition by
129:("modern style"). It took its name from
1048:"About Italian Design: Arts and Crafts"
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695:Painted interiors were a speciality of
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299:Postcard of the 1902 Turin Exposition
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331:displayed at Turin Exposition (1902)
1245:(in Italian). USA,©: Lulu edition.
850:ceramic vase from the workshop of
734:(1899-1900), with symbolist murals
670:Kiosk in Palermo by Ernesto Basile
445:(1902) (Furniture Museum of Milan)
383:Paris Universal Exposition of 1900
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2250:Art Nouveau architecture in Italy
883:. The painter and graphic artist
469:Dancing elephant radiator cap by
1226:(in French). Paris: Flammarion.
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947:Poster for baths of Livorno by
1184:Fahr-Becker, Gabriele (2015).
761:Autumn and Spring frescoes by
608:Villa Scott by Pietro Fenoglio
221:Giovan Battista Filippo Basile
16:Italian variant of Art Nouveau
1:
1559:Anatolian Seljuk architecture
1224:Grammaire des Arts Decoratifs
573:Villino Florio in Palermo by
381:, who had won a prize at the
337:Furniture and interior design
107:) was the Italian variant of
70:
1241:Malandrino, Gaetano (2010).
872:designed the poster for the
639:Casa Galimberti in Milan by
1188:(in French). H.F. Ullmann.
1052:www.aboutitaliandesign.info
915:Poster for Teatro Regio by
827:Ceramic tile decoration by
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104:[ˈstiːleˈliːberti]
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327:Art Nouveau furniture by
269:The 1902 Turin Exposition
207:Palermo in the late 1800s
24:
1104:Lombardia Beni Culturali
1100:"Salotto Quarti Eugenio"
899:Poster for gas lamps by
874:1902 Exposition in Turin
547:in Palermo (1899–1902).
135:Liberty Department Store
54:Top: Casa Galimberti by
1324:History of construction
1308:History of architecture
1168:Sanna & Farina 2011
1156:Sanna & Farina 2011
1139:Sanna & Farina 2011
1124:Sanna & Farina 2011
931:Book cover designed by
765:in Salsomaggiore (1922)
641:Giovanni Battista Bossi
555:Giovanni Battista Bossi
505:(Wolfsonian-FIU Museum)
501:Museum or tea table by
201:Arts and Craft movement
143:Ettore De Maria Bergler
56:Giovanni Battista Bossi
1319:Architectural timeline
1032:Cited in Fahr-Becker,
429:(1902) (Musée D'Orsay)
131:Arthur Lasenby Liberty
125:
119:
113:
99:
1861:America and Australia
1481:Medieval Scandinavian
1046:Team, Web Marketing.
590:Casa Fenoglio-Lafleur
535:the major figure was
525:Casa Fenoglio-Lafleur
2103:Critical regionalism
1222:Riley, Noêl (2004).
831:, with influence of
559:Giuseppe Archimboldo
2042:Stripped Classicism
2017:International style
2000:Rationalist-Fascist
1649:Portuguese Colonial
1399:Pre-Islamic Persian
1073:, pp. 310–311.
993:Notes and citations
965:Giornale di Sicilia
933:Alberto Della Valle
621:Palazzo Castiglioni
194:Gabriele d'Annunzio
145:, Vittorio Ducrot,
21:
2047:Postconstructivism
1990:Streamline Moderne
1098:Tasso, Francesca.
1088:, pp. 180–81.
949:Leonetto Cappiello
866:Leonetto Cappiello
771:Glass and ceramics
625:Giuseppe Sommaruga
441:Circular chair by
117:("floral style"),
2232:
2231:
1233:978-2-0801-1327-6
1214:978-2-8099-0418-5
1195:978-3-8480-0857-5
901:Giovanni Mataloni
870:Leonardo Bistolfi
471:Rembrandt Bugatti
372:Rembrandt Bugatti
313:Leonardo Bistolfi
180:, the city where
151:Raimondo D'Aronco
89:
88:
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2124:Deconstructivism
1883:Spanish Colonial
1644:Spanish Colonial
1544:Western Chalukya
1352:Ancient Egyptian
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833:Vienna Secession
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581:
579:
575:Ernesto Basile
572:
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545:Villino Florio
537:Ernesto Basile
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509:
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503:Eugenio Quarti
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364:Ettore Bugatti
348:Ernesto Basile
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217:Teatro Massimo
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139:Ernesto Basile
114:stile floreale
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2078:Structuralism
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2022:Functionalism
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1958:Expressionism
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1816:Monumentalism
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1252:9781445273242
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1186:L'Art Nouveau
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1034:L'Art Nouveau
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704:Galileo Chini
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692:(1842-1916).
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443:Carlo Bugatti
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427:Carlo Bugatti
421:
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411:Carlo Bugatti
405:
400:
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387:Carlo Bugatti
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360:Carlo Bugatti
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159:Galileo Chini
156:
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147:Carlo Bugatti
144:
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136:
132:
127:
126:stile moderno
121:
115:
110:
105:
101:
100:stile Liberty
97:
93:
92:Liberty style
85:
82:
78:
69:
65:
61:
60:Carlo Bugatti
57:
45:
34:
23:
20:Liberty style
2192:Mesoamerican
2139:Contemporary
2117:2000–present
2108:Neo-futurism
2088:Blobitecture
1915:Modern Style
1909:
1831:Neoclassical
1579:Indo-Islamic
1554:Great Seljuk
1539:Vijayanagara
1433:East Slavic
1347:Mesopotamian
1270:
1267:(in Italian)
1242:
1223:
1204:
1185:
1178:Bibliography
1163:
1119:
1107:. Retrieved
1103:
1093:
1066:
1055:. Retrieved
1051:
1041:
1033:
1028:
1001:
964:
878:
863:
860:Graphic arts
801:Gustav Klimt
777:Murano glass
774:
701:
694:
679:
623:in Milan by
596:(about 1902)
549:
514:
511:Architecture
409:Cupboard by
376:
368:
356:
340:
329:Victor Horta
285:Victor Horta
280:
278:
223:and his son
210:
198:
186:
163:
91:
90:
67:Years active
2245:Art Nouveau
2052:PWA Moderne
1938:Rationalism
1900:Art Nouveau
1888:Territorial
1868:Renaissance
1852:Queen Anne
1725:Elizabethan
1618:Plateresque
1613:Renaissance
1596:Sondergotik
1491:Carolingian
1437:Kievan Rus'
1205:Art Nouveau
854:(1906-1911)
846:Polychrome
643:(1903–1905)
627:(1901–1903)
577:(1899–1902)
473:(1908-1928)
109:Art Nouveau
2239:Categories
2209:Portuguese
2083:Postmodern
2032:Organicism
1920:Modernisme
1905:Jugendstil
1764:Revivalism
1752:Industrial
1735:Portuguese
1509:Romanesque
1404:Achaemenid
1071:Riley 2004
1057:2021-07-03
983:Poster by
120:arte nuova
2170:Dravidian
2129:Neomodern
2093:High-tech
2073:Brutalism
2066:1950–2000
2010:Stalinist
1943:Mycenaean
1931:1900–1950
1769:Byzantine
1745:Ukrainian
1730:Naryshkin
1695:Edwardian
1668:1750–1900
1639:Palladian
1634:Manueline
1627:1500–1750
1502:1000–1500
1442:Muscovite
1429:Byzantine
1377:Classical
1365:Mycenaean
1342:Neolithic
541:symbolist
485:Table by
2182:Japanese
2160:Colonial
2148:Regional
2098:Arcology
2037:Art Deco
2027:Futurism
1970:De Stijl
1873:Romanian
1791:Egyptian
1786:Colonial
1740:Siberian
1550:Islamic
1519:Ottonian
1514:Galician
1424:Sasanian
1392:Herodian
1372:Etruscan
881:Futurism
848:majolica
785:majolica
682:frescoes
676:Frescoes
391:mahogany
80:Location
2219:Spanish
2214:Russian
2155:Chinese
1975:Bauhaus
1878:Russian
1856:Britain
1838:Moorish
1821:Baroque
1811:Mission
1757:British
1720:Petrine
1715:Maltese
1710:Italian
1700:English
1675:Baroque
1574:Ottoman
1569:Timurid
1534:Hoysala
1530:Indian
1469:Fatimid
1464:Abbasid
1459:Moorish
1454:Umayyad
1449:Islamic
1356:Aegean
1109:4 April
793:Bangkok
728:Palermo
686:Livorno
533:Palermo
517:Baroque
213:Palermo
190:Baroque
174:Palermo
96:Italian
2224:Somali
2204:Newari
2187:Korean
2165:Indian
2057:Googie
1963:Cubism
1948:Modern
1848:Pueblo
1826:Rococo
1796:Gothic
1705:French
1680:Andean
1654:Mughal
1591:Gothic
1564:Mamluk
1524:Norman
1360:Minoan
1249:
1230:
1211:
1192:
987:(1909)
971:(1903)
951:(1901)
935:(1900)
919:(1898)
903:(1896)
489:(1900)
413:(1895)
395:walnut
315:(1902)
157:, and
2175:Hindu
1893:Tudor
1801:Mayan
1690:Dutch
1685:Czech
1608:Aztec
1603:Incan
551:Milan
529:Turin
178:Turin
170:Milan
84:Italy
2197:Maya
2005:Nazi
1659:Sikh
1247:ISBN
1228:ISBN
1209:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1111:2016
393:and
350:and
176:and
166:Rome
1334:BCE
967:by
730:by
710:in
592:by
527:in
2241::
1146:^
1131:^
1102:.
1078:^
1050:.
1013:^
803:.
714:.
561:.
354:.
227:.
172:,
161:.
153:,
149:,
141:,
98::
71:c.
1300:e
1293:t
1286:v
1255:.
1236:.
1217:.
1198:.
1113:.
1060:.
94:(
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