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the ships. Each ship functioned independently, eliminating the need for the more complex organizational structure typically employed. It is likely that within the navy, liburnae of various sizes were utilized for specific tasks such as scouting and patrolling Roman waters against piracy. The Romans predominantly employed the liburna within the provinces of the empire, where these ships formed the core of the fleets. Small numbers of liburnae were also integrated into the fleets of
2212:
70:
179:
After adopting the liburna, the Romans made modifications to incorporate rams and missile protection, enhancing its suitability for naval use. These enhancements offset the slight reduction in speed. Additionally, the regular Roman military unit needed simplification to ensure smoother operation of
153:. It measured 109 ft (33 m) in length, 5 m (16 ft) in width, with a draft of 1 m (3 ft 3 in). With two rows of oarsmen, each side had 18 oars. Under sail, the ship could achieve speeds of up to 14 knots, while rowing allowed for speeds exceeding 7 knots.
4177:
4182:
3495:
3443:
4187:
2248:
85:) depicts a liburna in the midst of a naval battle. Dating back to the fifth or sixth century BCE, the image likely portrays a fictional clash between the
4730:
4710:
4798:
203:
used it interchangeably with "battleship". Inscriptions listed it last among classes of battleships: hexeres, penteres, quadrieres, trieres, liburna.
3976:
167:
4386:
3880:
93:
fleets. The liburna is depicted as a light vessel with a single row of oars, one mast, one sail, and a prow curving outward. Beneath the prow, a
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Such a vessel, also employed as a merchantman, might carry passengers, as recounted by
Lycinus in the second-century dialogue
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1993:
853:
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1855:
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768:
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798:
214:âthe name of a significant port city that emerged at the site long after the disappearance of this type of ship.
1905:
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164:: "I had a speedy vessel readied, the kind of bireme used above all by the Liburnians of the Ionian Gulf."
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Gradually, liburnae became a generic term for various types of Roman ships, including cargo vessels in
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Battle between
Liburnian and Picenian vessels depicted on the Novilara tablets (6th/5th century BCE).
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with two rows of oars, maintaining its superior speed, agility, and maneuverability compared to
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492:
107:, the liburna featured a single bench with 25 oars on each side. However, during the late
4783:
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3147:
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2516:
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2295:
1960:
1706:
1621:
1008:
968:
529:
4673:
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4258:
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4078:
3433:
3307:
3282:
3234:
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3152:
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2703:
2638:
2496:
2434:
2357:
2315:
2005:
1773:
1651:
1556:
1401:
978:
963:
188:, where many Illyrians, particularly Dalmatae, Liburnians, and Pannonians, served.
150:
4598:
1587:
410:
363:
130:
in the latter half of the 1st century BCE. Liburnae played a pivotal role in the
4950:
4912:
4495:
4434:
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4207:
4192:
4120:
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3327:
3132:
3027:
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958:
913:
788:
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146:
104:
17:
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2129:
1790:
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1104:
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833:
783:
655:
638:
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598:
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120:
86:
58:
50:
31:
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4370:
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3127:
3072:
3056:
2914:
2754:
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2575:
2429:
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1479:
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1119:
1070:
928:
878:
743:
685:
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675:
623:
554:
507:
467:
200:
119:. The Romans adopted the liburna design, making it a vital component of the
94:
1489:
1277:
69:
4605:
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4325:
3478:
3107:
3102:
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1203:
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1149:
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858:
773:
748:
738:
733:
670:
660:
628:
591:
569:
564:
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534:
512:
497:
139:
54:
35:
4890:
4337:
3833:
3725:
3485:
3217:
3122:
3092:
3077:
3047:
3032:
3017:
3012:
2965:
2935:
2658:
2465:
2460:
2397:
2300:
2111:
1758:
1729:
1571:
1524:
1509:
1467:
1416:
1376:
1325:
1218:
1213:
1114:
1080:
1060:
1043:
1029:
938:
883:
863:
650:
618:
613:
603:
586:
581:
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502:
487:
211:
207:
196:
185:
181:
116:
90:
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4407:
4202:
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3391:
3297:
3142:
3097:
3042:
3007:
3002:
2986:
2960:
2904:
2749:
2676:
2580:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2486:
2387:
2320:
1947:
1937:
1927:
1800:
1795:
1664:
1576:
1566:
1561:
1544:
1499:
1484:
1406:
1371:
1331:
1298:
1241:
1235:
1188:
1182:
1134:
1003:
983:
953:
898:
843:
818:
778:
728:
723:
645:
549:
171:
Roman bireme warships, likely liburnae, from the Danube fleet during
161:
135:
112:
82:
46:
2226:
3807:
3302:
3292:
3137:
3117:
3062:
3022:
2996:
2940:
2439:
1494:
1396:
1366:
1354:
1314:
1308:
1171:
1165:
1094:
993:
848:
690:
166:
68:
206:
The liburna lent its name to a natural cove on the west coast of
145:
The design of the liburna distinguished it from battle triremes,
2899:
2888:
2558:
2543:
2523:
2424:
2305:
1952:
1457:
4843:
4002:
3935:
3804:
3187:
2789:
2268:
2230:
440:
2533:
421:
436:
210:. Over time, the cove's name evolved into Livorna and later
97:
was installed for striking enemy ships below the waterline.
49:
used for raiding and patrols. Originally utilized by the
30:
This article is about the ship type. For the people, see
4759:
4701:
4504:
4488:
4236:
4106:
4061:
4020:
4013:
3738:
3544:
3511:
3504:
3442:
3243:
3200:
2887:
2800:
2722:
2657:
2594:
2479:
2448:
2281:
2164:
2122:
2004:
1981:
1825:
1744:
1602:
1079:
1022:
701:
478:
385:"The Roman Navy: Masters of the Mediterranean"
334:
310:
286:
2242:
452:
368:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
8:
142:as the unrivaled ruler of the Roman Empire.
246:
244:
242:
240:
238:
4840:
4784:Ancient Shipwreck Museum at Kyrenia Castle
4731:International Congress of Maritime Museums
4711:Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology
4017:
4010:
3999:
3932:
3801:
3508:
3197:
3184:
2797:
2786:
2278:
2265:
2249:
2235:
2227:
475:
459:
445:
437:
412:The Roman Imperial Navy 31 B.C. â A.D. 324
4799:National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology
365:Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World
346:
262:
81:) discovered near ancient Pisaurum (now
4769:Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology
415:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
400:Morrison, J. S.; Coates, J. F. (1996).
274:
234:
4721:European Association of Archaeologists
322:
124:, possibly through influence from the
3977:Pompey's campaign against the pirates
298:
250:
7:
4716:Archaeological Institute of America
402:Greek and Roman Warships 399â30 B.C
404:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
160:(§6), traditionally attributed to
138:(31 BCE), cementing the ascent of
57:, it later became a staple of the
25:
4726:Institute of Nautical Archaeology
4116:Coastal defence and fortification
3491:Roman circumnavigation of Britain
2791:Navigation, and ports and harbors
2152:Prehistory of Southeastern Europe
34:. For the geographical area, see
4960:
4826:
4751:Society for American Archaeology
3985:
3918:
3787:
3170:
2772:
2211:
2210:
4183:Phoenician discovery of America
3875:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
1725:Albanian traditional tattooing
1612:Central Bosnian cultural group
1:
4794:Museum of Ancient Ships, Pisa
3469:Phoenician maritime expansion
1916:Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)
4736:Nautical Archaeology Society
383:Gabriel, Richard A. (2007).
356:General and cited references
4789:Museum of Ancient Seafaring
4166:Temple of Poseidon, Sounion
3972:Kidnapping of Julius Caesar
3829:IndusâMesopotamia relations
1844:Alexander's Balkan campaign
1839:Illyrian invasion of Epirus
5027:
5006:Naval warfare of antiquity
4645:Phoenician Ship Expedition
3486:Pytheas' voyage to Britain
3479:Circumnavigation of Africa
409:Starr, Chester G. (1941).
335:Morrison & Coates 1996
311:Morrison & Coates 1996
287:Morrison & Coates 1996
29:
4958:
4850:
4839:
4824:
4171:Samothrace temple complex
4009:
3998:
3983:
3942:
3931:
3916:
3814:
3800:
3785:
3691:
3196:
3183:
3168:
2796:
2785:
2770:
2277:
2264:
2201:
474:
100:Initially resembling the
3459:Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul
4741:RPM Nautical Foundation
4478:Surviving ancient ships
4397:Marsala Punic shipwreck
2135:Origin of the Albanians
1856:DardanianâBastarnic war
362:Casson, Lionel (1971).
4774:Giza Solar boat museum
4228:Underwater exploration
4223:Underwater archaeology
4188:Pre-Columbian theories
4043:John Sinclair Morrison
4004:Research and education
3454:Austronesian Expansion
2147:History of the Balkans
1861:Invasions of Epidamnus
1746:Religion and mythology
420:ZaninoviÄ, M. (1988).
176:
74:
53:, a pirate tribe from
4845:Legend and literature
4803:Viking ship museums:
4779:Grand Egyptian Museum
4539:Austronesian replicas
4514:Heyerdahl expeditions
4424:Caligula's Giant Ship
4284:Dover Bronze Age Boat
2946:Berenice Troglodytica
1871:Roman-Macedonian wars
1637:Glasinac-Mati culture
1274:Dyrrhachium/Epidamnus
869:Glaucias of Taulantii
839:Eleutherius and Antia
804:Constantine the Great
224:Ships of ancient Rome
170:
72:
5011:Navy of ancient Rome
4746:Sea Research Society
4148:Maritime archaeology
3957:Ameinias the Phocian
3952:Mediterranean piracy
1906:RomanâDalmatian wars
1647:Monte Saraceno woman
714:Anastasius I Dicorus
422:"Liburnia Militaris"
173:Trajan's Dacian Wars
111:, it evolved into a
45:was a type of small
3839:Maritime Jade Route
2992:Kaveri Poompattinam
1994:Proposed vocabulary
1642:Gradistë belt-plate
944:Peter the Patrician
894:Irenaeus of Sirmium
829:Demetrius of Pharos
809:Constantius Chlorus
764:Bato the Daesitiate
289:, pp. 170, 317
4387:Bajo de la Campana
4089:Peter Throckmorton
4074:Jean-Yves Empereur
4048:William L. Rodgers
3869:Maritime Silk Road
1911:Caesar's civil war
1545:Tragurion (Trogir)
1145:Aspalathos (Split)
1086:cities/settlements
1023:Political entities
889:Gratianus Funarius
177:
75:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4835:
4834:
4822:
4821:
4442:Madrague de Giens
4161:Temple of Isthmia
4157:Maritime temples
4143:Marine navigation
4102:
4101:
4094:Shelley Wachsmann
4084:J. Richard Steffy
3994:
3993:
3927:
3926:
3796:
3795:
3783:
3782:
3734:
3733:
3464:Ocean exploration
3179:
3178:
3166:
3165:
2825:Rutter (nautical)
2781:
2780:
2768:
2767:
2624:Mortise and tenon
2258:Ancient seafaring
2224:
2223:
2160:
2159:
2140:Albanian paganism
2107:Pannonia Superior
2087:Pannonia Inferior
2014:Illyrian emperors
1866:Illyro-Roman Wars
1313:Iader or Idassa (
924:Marcellinus Comes
759:Bato the Breucian
719:Artas of Messapia
79:Stele di Novilara
16:(Redirected from
5018:
4996:Illyrian warfare
4964:
4963:
4858:Ark of bulrushes
4841:
4830:
4829:
4468:Oldest surviving
4178:Nusantao network
4053:Chester G. Starr
4018:
4011:
4000:
3989:
3988:
3962:Cilician pirates
3933:
3922:
3921:
3859:Sa Huynh-Kalanay
3854:Iron Age Britain
3802:
3791:
3790:
3509:
3198:
3185:
3174:
3173:
3088:Ptolemais Theron
2798:
2787:
2776:
2775:
2368:Single-outrigger
2279:
2266:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2228:
2214:
2213:
2102:Pannonia Secunda
1707:TrebeniĆĄta masks
1687:Spectacle brooch
1530:Scodra (Shkodër)
1510:Scampa (Elbasan)
1226:Dardana Fortress
1095:Acruvium (Kotor)
1066:Illyrian kingdom
476:
461:
454:
447:
438:
433:
416:
405:
396:
389:Military History
379:
350:
349:, pp. 43â67
344:
338:
332:
326:
320:
314:
308:
302:
296:
290:
284:
278:
277:, pp. 36â43
272:
266:
265:, pp. 46â47
260:
254:
248:
132:Battle of Actium
129:
77:A stone tablet (
21:
18:Liburnian (ship)
5026:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5016:
5015:
4976:
4975:
4974:
4965:
4961:
4956:
4846:
4831:
4827:
4818:
4761:
4755:
4703:
4702:Institutes and
4697:
4652:Viking replicas
4593:Balangay Voyage
4506:
4500:
4484:
4239:
4232:
4108:
4098:
4057:
4005:
3990:
3986:
3981:
3938:
3923:
3919:
3914:
3810:
3792:
3788:
3779:
3730:
3687:
3540:
3500:
3445:
3438:
3239:
3192:
3175:
3171:
3162:
3038:Mueang Phra Rot
2892:
2883:
2792:
2777:
2773:
2764:
2718:
2692:Triangular sail
2653:
2590:
2564:Sail components
2475:
2444:
2418:Tessarakonteres
2273:
2260:
2255:
2225:
2220:
2197:
2184:Illyrian tribes
2156:
2118:
2077:Moesia Superior
2000:
1977:
1928:Desilo shipyard
1849:Siege of Pelium
1821:
1740:
1712:VaÄe Belt-Plate
1700:Selca e Poshtme
1598:
1515:Selcë e Poshtme
1304:Hedum castellum
1238:(Lower Neretva)
1100:Ad Acroceraunia
1083:
1075:
1018:
799:Cleitus Dardani
697:
470:
465:
419:
408:
399:
382:
376:
361:
358:
353:
345:
341:
333:
329:
321:
317:
309:
305:
297:
293:
285:
281:
273:
269:
261:
257:
253:, p. 54ff.
249:
236:
232:
220:
123:
67:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5024:
5022:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4978:
4977:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4947:
4946:
4945:
4938:
4931:
4924:
4916:
4909:
4902:
4894:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4860:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4844:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4765:
4763:
4757:
4756:
4754:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4707:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4671:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4649:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4635:
4627:Mediterranean
4625:
4624:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4590:
4583:
4580:Alingano Maisu
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4523:
4510:
4508:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4438:
4431:
4429:De Meern ships
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4384:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4355:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4299:Cape Gelidonya
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4244:
4242:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4123:
4118:
4112:
4110:
4104:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4065:
4063:
4062:Archaeologists
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4028:David Blackman
4024:
4022:
4015:
4007:
4006:
4003:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3984:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3967:Jewish pirates
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3911:
3910:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3805:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3653:Lake Trasimene
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3554:Mediterranean:
3550:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3517:
3515:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3215:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2857:Maritime pilot
2854:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2827:
2822:
2820:Portolan chart
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2393:Oared warships
2390:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2231:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2170:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2097:Pannonia Savia
2094:
2092:Pannonia Prima
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1908:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1766:
1761:
1750:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1608:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1372:Mursa (Osijek)
1369:
1364:
1357:
1352:
1345:
1335:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1041:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1014:Valentinian II
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
814:Constantius II
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
705:
703:
699:
698:
696:
695:
694:
693:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
642:
641:
636:
631:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
595:
594:
589:
579:
574:
573:
572:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
516:
515:
510:
500:
495:
490:
484:
482:
472:
471:
466:
464:
463:
456:
449:
441:
435:
434:
426:Opusc. Archeol
417:
406:
397:
380:
374:
357:
354:
352:
351:
347:ZaninoviÄ 1988
339:
327:
315:
303:
291:
279:
267:
263:ZaninoviÄ 1988
255:
233:
231:
228:
227:
226:
219:
216:
193:late antiquity
109:Roman Republic
66:
63:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5023:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4986:Ancient ships
4984:
4983:
4981:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4928:Metamorphoses
4925:
4923:
4921:
4920:The Histories
4917:
4915:
4914:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4898:The Histories
4895:
4893:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4842:
4838:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4758:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4700:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4613:Marumaru Atua
4610:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4573:Samudra Raksa
4570:
4568:
4567:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4559:Te Au o Tonga
4556:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4537:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4503:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4419:Blackfriars I
4417:
4415:
4414:Arles RhĂŽne 3
4412:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4235:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4218:Thalassocracy
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4203:Shell middens
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4153:Naval warfare
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4105:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4033:Lionel Casson
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4001:
3997:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3934:
3930:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3864:Incense trade
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3799:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3768:South America
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3716:Sailing ships
3714:
3712:
3711:Oared vessels
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3633:Cape Hermaeum
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3444:Migration and
3441:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3251:Ancient Egypt
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:Civilizations
3242:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3186:
3182:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2784:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2619:Clinker built
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2604:Boat building
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:Navis lusoria
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2247:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2217:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1879:Erigon Valley
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1622:Daunian stele
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1309:Hija e Korbit
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1219:Lower Neretva
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1009:Valentinian I
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
969:Pleuratus III
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
706:
704:
700:
692:
689:
688:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
583:
580:
578:
575:
571:
568:
567:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
514:
511:
509:
506:
505:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
485:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
462:
457:
455:
450:
448:
443:
442:
439:
431:
427:
423:
418:
414:
413:
407:
403:
398:
394:
390:
386:
381:
377:
371:
367:
366:
360:
359:
355:
348:
343:
340:
337:, p. 171
336:
331:
328:
325:, p. 141
324:
319:
316:
313:, p. 317
312:
307:
304:
300:
295:
292:
288:
283:
280:
276:
271:
268:
264:
259:
256:
252:
247:
245:
243:
241:
239:
235:
229:
225:
222:
221:
217:
215:
213:
209:
204:
202:
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
174:
169:
165:
163:
159:
154:
152:
148:
143:
141:
137:
133:
127:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
102:ancient Greek
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
71:
64:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
37:
33:
19:
4949:
4940:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4911:
4906:On the Ocean
4904:
4897:
4889:
4886:Literature:
4674:
4656:
4637:
4630:
4620:Aotearoa One
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4530:
4526:
4518:
4505:Experimental
4473:Museum ships
4440:
4433:
4406:
4378:Phoenician:
4369:
4364:Leontophoros
4362:
4326:Butuan boats
4321:Pontian boat
4259:Dufuna canoe
4198:Shipbuilding
4109:and theories
4079:Boris Rankov
3873:
3806:Economy and
3706:Incendiaries
3553:
3340:Indus Valley
3308:Tarumanagara
3235:Ubaid period
3153:Wadi al-Jarf
3068:Ostia Antica
2672:Fore-and-aft
2639:Shipbuilding
2614:Carvel built
2596:Construction
2554:Steering oar
2435:Sailing ship
2358:Obelisk ship
2337:
2316:Dugout canoe
2038:Prefectures
2006:Roman period
1942:
1923:Batonian War
1695:Boka-Përçeva
1586:
1549:
1472:
1449:
1443:
1426:
1359:
1347:
1330:
1266:
1181:
1164:
979:Scerdilaidas
964:Pleuratus II
769:Bato Dardani
429:
425:
411:
401:
392:
388:
364:
342:
330:
318:
306:
301:, p. 59
294:
282:
275:Gabriel 2007
270:
258:
205:
190:
178:
158:Love Affairs
157:
155:
151:quinqueremes
144:
99:
78:
76:
42:
40:
27:Roman galley
4913:Argonautica
4900:(Herodotus)
4863:Flood myths
4760:Museums and
4704:conferences
4669:Vital Alsar
4507:archaeology
4316:Austronesia
4309:Hjortspring
4304:Rochelongue
4254:Pesse canoe
4208:Ship burial
4193:Sea Peoples
4126:Lighthouses
4121:Grave goods
4069:George Bass
3849:Spice trade
3446:exploration
3268:Philippines
3263:Austronesia
3256:Old Kingdom
3133:Trincomalee
3083:Prosphorion
3028:Myos Hormos
2872:Micronesian
2863:By region:
2835:Lighthouses
2643:By region:
2408:Quinquereme
2333:Kunlun ship
2326:Penteconter
2311:Dragon boat
2193:Settlements
2062:Epirus Nova
1717:VaÄe Situla
1593:Albanopolis
1458:Pola (Pula)
1361:Matohasanaj
1199:Chrysondyon
1125:Antipatreia
1110:Albanopolis
959:Pleuratus I
914:Justinian I
789:Caravantius
754:Bardylis II
560:Daesitiates
520:Atintanians
395:(9): 36â43.
323:Casson 1971
147:quadriremes
105:penteconter
4980:Categories
4922:(Polybius)
4566:Hawaiʻiloa
4448:Nemi ships
4333:Black Seaâ
4279:Khufu ship
4240:and relics
4138:Marine art
4131:Alexandria
4038:Fik Meijer
4021:Historians
3908:Indo-Roman
3721:Greek navy
3623:Salamis II
3613:Hellespont
3573:Artemisium
3563:Nile Delta
3526:Achaemenid
3419:Achaemenid
3288:Langkasuka
3283:Micronesia
3201:Prehistory
3128:Sounagoura
2956:Chittagong
2931:Barbarikon
2910:Alexandria
2852:Pilot boat
2802:Navigation
2634:Sewn-plank
2629:Lashed-lug
2507:Figurehead
2480:Components
2449:Propulsion
2403:Quadrireme
2384:Polyremes
2363:Outriggers
2130:Illyrology
2048:Provinces
1769:Deipaturos
1721:Tattooing
1682:Soleto Map
1520:Sesarethus
1177:Brundisium
1105:Ad Quintum
1071:Taulantian
1056:Dassaretan
1039:Autariatan
834:Diocletian
656:Osseriates
599:Dassaretii
545:Bassanitae
540:Baridustae
525:Autariatae
375:0783705646
299:Starr 1941
251:Starr 1941
126:Macedonian
121:Roman navy
59:Roman navy
51:Liburnians
32:Liburnians
4935:Geography
4873:Gilgamesh
4762:memorials
4686:Viracocha
4599:Faʻafaite
4552:Sarimanok
4458:Yassi Ada
4371:Syracusia
4294:Canaanite
4269:Moor Sand
3739:By region
3701:Grappling
3673:Naulochus
3663:Myonessus
3618:Echinades
3603:Arginusae
3598:Cynossema
3583:Naupactus
3578:Eurymedon
3412:Classical
3387:Phoenicia
3382:Mycenaean
3345:Tamilakam
3328:Polynesia
3318:Srivijaya
3113:Satingpra
3073:Palembang
3057:Cattigara
2999:(Kadaram)
2982:Jambukola
2976:Guangzhou
2917:(Podouke)
2915:Arikamedu
2877:Polynesia
2810:Celestial
2723:Armaments
2709:Spritsail
2667:Crab claw
2609:Careening
2576:Sternpost
2430:Reed boat
2373:Catamaran
2348:Multihull
2072:Macedonia
2067:Illyricum
2042:Illyricum
2032:Macedonia
2027:Illyricum
2018:Dioceses
1884:Lyncestis
1808:Nymphaion
1675:Peucetian
1670:Messapian
1627:Education
1588:Zgërdhesh
1463:Poslishte
1439:Pituntium
1355:Lychnidus
1231:Delminium
1209:Damastion
1130:Apollonia
1120:Andetrium
1081:Geography
1061:Enchelean
1044:Dardanian
929:Monounios
879:Grabos II
854:Flavianus
744:Baraliris
686:Taulantii
681:Siculotae
676:Sardiatae
624:Iapygians
555:Bylliones
508:Docleatai
468:Illyrians
230:Citations
201:Suetonius
87:Liburnian
5001:Liburnia
4951:TÄkitimu
4854:Legend:
4812:Roskilde
4691:Tangaroa
4632:Olympias
4606:Gaualofa
4545:HĆkĆ«leÊ»a
4520:Kon-Tiki
4353:Ashkelon
4289:Uluburun
4248:Earliest
4014:Scholars
3896:shipping
3696:Boarding
3608:Mytilene
3593:Syracuse
3558:Alashiya
3521:Egyptian
3505:Military
3496:Timeline
3474:Sardinia
3397:Carthage
3313:Kalingga
3273:Sa Huỳnh
3208:Timeline
3158:Zanzibar
3108:Sarapion
3103:Rhacotis
3033:Martaban
2978:(Canton)
2971:Godavaya
2966:Giao Chá»
2936:Barygaza
2926:Avalites
2847:Piloting
2735:Catapult
2730:Ballista
2704:Mast-aft
2517:Planking
2456:Paddling
2413:Hexareme
2378:Trimaran
2343:Longship
2291:Balangay
2216:Category
2206:Timeline
2082:Pannonia
2057:Delmatia
2052:Dardania
1989:Illyrian
1982:Language
1899:Phoenice
1875:Battles
1831:weaponry
1813:Swastika
1786:Medaurus
1754:Religion
1656:Pottery
1582:Vendenis
1567:Ulkinium
1540:Tilurium
1535:Thronion
1445:Pogradec
1428:Persqopi
1412:Palaeste
1294:Eugenium
1289:Epicaria
1284:Enkelana
1252:Doracium
1204:Creonion
1160:Bassania
1155:Bargulum
1034:Labeatan
1030:Ardiaean
999:Triteuta
974:Pleurias
934:Monunius
919:Longarus
909:Justin I
874:Grabos I
859:Galaurus
774:Bircenna
749:Bardylis
739:Ballaios
734:Aurelian
671:Pirustae
666:Penestae
661:Parthini
604:Enchelei
592:Thuantai
570:Tariotes
565:Dalmatae
535:Balaites
513:Labeatae
498:Amantini
432:: 43â67.
218:See also
140:Augustus
117:triremes
55:Dalmatia
36:Liburnia
4991:Galleys
4891:Odyssey
4868:Genesis
4665:Others
4464:Lists:
4453:Marausa
4403:Roman:
4393:Punic:
4358:Kyrenia
4349:Greek:
4345:Marsala
4338:Sinop D
4213:Tacking
3947:History
3834:Meluhha
3824:Fishing
3819:Whaling
3726:Ramming
3648:Aegates
3643:Drepana
3638:Ecnomus
3568:Salamis
3556:
3546:Battles
3424:Nabatea
3407:Archaic
3377:Nuragic
3367:Somalia
3218:Oceania
3213:Britain
3190:History
3123:Socotra
3093:Qandala
3078:Piraeus
3048:Muziris
3018:Madurai
3013:Manthai
2951:Canopus
2921:Arsinoe
2893:harbors
2842:History
2830:Coastal
2760:Sambuca
2745:Dolphin
2659:Rigging
2471:Poling
2461:Sailing
2398:Trireme
2338:Liburna
2301:Coracle
2271:Vessels
2112:Sirmium
1957:Sieges
1943:Liburna
1827:Warfare
1791:Perëndi
1759:Andinus
1730:Sicanje
1660:Daunian
1632:Fibulae
1617:Coinage
1604:Culture
1572:Ulpiana
1557:Tsangon
1551:Triport
1525:Setovia
1468:Promona
1417:Parthus
1382:Nikadin
1377:Nareste
1349:Lofkënd
1326:Kodrion
1257:Dresnik
1214:Daorson
1172:Bouthoe
1140:Arnissa
1115:Amantia
1049:Kingdom
989:Tacitus
939:Mytilos
884:Gratian
864:Gentius
651:Narensi
639:Peuceti
634:Messapi
619:Iapodes
614:Grabaei
587:Galabri
582:Dardani
503:Ardiaei
493:Amantes
212:Livorno
208:Tuscany
197:Tacitus
186:Misenum
182:Ravenna
95:rostrum
65:History
43:liburna
4942:Aeneid
4658:Viking
4639:Regina
4408:Alkedo
4264:Abydos
4238:Wrecks
4107:Topics
3937:Piracy
3891:Greece
3751:Odisha
3683:Actium
3678:Mycale
3513:Navies
3402:Greece
3392:Olmecs
3360:Pandya
3335:Minoan
3298:Champa
3278:Lapita
3223:Remote
3143:Tyndis
3098:Quilon
3043:Muscat
3008:Lothal
3003:Korkai
2987:Jeddah
2961:Essina
2905:Adulis
2815:Charts
2750:Harpax
2740:Corvus
2714:Square
2682:Settee
2677:Lateen
2586:Tiller
2581:Strake
2549:Rudder
2539:Paddle
2487:Anchor
2466:Towing
2388:Bireme
2321:Galley
2296:Bangka
2179:Tribes
2174:People
1971:Oricum
1966:Medion
1948:Sibyna
1938:Lembus
1933:Helmet
1894:Pharos
1801:Tomorr
1796:Prende
1764:Bindus
1691:Tombs
1665:Desilo
1652:Pileus
1577:Uscana
1562:Ugento
1505:Salvia
1500:Salona
1490:Romajë
1485:Rhizon
1480:Ragusa
1474:Rabije
1451:Castle
1422:Pelion
1407:Oricum
1387:Nikaia
1367:Meteon
1338:Lissus
1332:Kratul
1299:Gertus
1278:Durrës
1247:Doclea
1242:Dimale
1236:Desilo
1194:Chinna
1189:Byllis
1183:Bushat
1135:Arduba
1004:Valens
984:Sirras
954:Plator
949:Pinnes
904:Jovian
899:Jerome
844:Epulon
819:Cynane
779:Caeria
729:Audata
724:Astius
702:People
646:Mazaei
577:Daorsi
550:Breuci
488:Albani
480:Tribes
372:
162:Lucian
149:, and
136:Greece
113:bireme
91:Picene
83:Pesaro
47:galley
4878:Greek
4681:Abora
4675:Ivlia
4587:Saina
4531:Ra II
4489:Sites
4274:Dokos
3886:Egypt
3808:trade
3773:Rafts
3758:Japan
3746:India
3658:Chios
3628:Mylae
3588:Olpae
3536:Roman
3531:Greek
3429:Aksum
3355:Chera
3350:Chola
3323:Sunda
3303:Kutai
3293:Kedah
3138:Tulum
3118:Sidon
3063:Opone
3053:Ăc Eo
3023:Malao
2997:Kedah
2941:Basra
2889:Ports
2867:Inuit
2687:Tanja
2647:Egypt
2497:Cabin
2440:Tomol
2283:Types
2166:Lists
2123:Other
2022:Dacia
1889:Paxos
1495:Runik
1434:Petra
1397:Oneum
1342:Lezhë
1321:Kinna
1315:Zadar
1268:Dukat
1262:Duboc
1166:Berat
1150:Aulon
994:Teuta
849:Etuta
824:Dando
794:Celer
784:Caius
709:Agron
691:Abroi
629:Dauni
609:Eneti
530:Azali
4807:Oslo
4529:and
4435:Isis
4382:Gozo
3903:Rome
3881:Maya
3763:Rome
3668:Nile
3434:Rome
3372:Maya
3228:Near
3148:Tyre
2900:Aden
2699:Junk
2571:Stem
2559:Sail
2544:Rope
2529:Mast
2524:Keel
2512:Hull
2502:Deck
2425:Raft
2306:Dhow
1961:Issa
1953:Sica
1829:and
1774:Zojz
1402:Oria
1391:Klos
370:ISBN
199:and
184:and
128:navy
89:and
3844:Tin
2891:and
2755:Ram
2534:Oar
2492:Bow
1591:(?
134:in
4982::
4527:Ra
4496:H3
4250::
1781:En
430:13
428:.
424:.
393:29
391:.
387:.
237:^
195:.
61:.
41:A
3059:)
3055:(
2250:e
2243:t
2236:v
1595:)
1454:)
1448:(
1393:)
1389:(
1344:)
1340:(
1317:)
1280:)
1276:(
1088:)
1084:(
1032:-
460:e
453:t
446:v
378:.
175:.
38:.
20:)
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