709:, parallel to pyramid faces. This is due to changes in the solution during crystal growth. As the concentration of trace elements that serve as coloring agents changes, there will be areas of less or more color in different parts of the crystal. When the crystal is sliced perpendicular to the c axis, triangular zoning may be seen, together with a trigonal star that radiates from the centre of the crystal, with the three rays directed towards the corners of the triangular color patterns.
862:
698:
37:
931:, Madagascar, striated, lustrous, gemmy, color-zoned fluor-liddicoatite crystals have been found. Most of these have red tips and green middle zones, some with as many as five distinct color bands. Some of the crystals rest on greyish quartz.
1242:
Electron microprobe and bulk rock and mineral compositions from rare-element pegmatites and peraluminous, S-type granitic rocks from the Fort Hope pegmatite field, north-central
Superior Province of Ontario
1191:
Aurisicchio, C., Demartin, F., Ottolini, L. & Pezzotta, F. (1999). "Homogeneous liddicoatite from
Madagascar. A possible reference material? First EMPA, SIMS, and SREF data".
685:. Crystals are hemimorphic, meaning that the two ends of the crystal have different forms. Fluor-liddicoatite usually has a pedion (a single crystal face) opposite one or two
901:
Deep brilliant red, highly lustrous, prismatic fluor-liddicoatite has been found as large sheaves of near parallel, slightly divergent crystals, at the Minh Tien pegmatite,
633:
OH ions; three octahedra surround the three-fold axis at the origin, and each octahedron shares an edge with each of its two nearest neighbours. The silicon Si ions are
1128:
1226:
916:; they are a very dark greenish brown to black, but have rich red internal highlights, and resting on a few of their surfaces are sharp, lustrous, snow-white
393:. Liddiocoatite is currently a non-approved mineral name, but Aurisicchio et al. (1999) and Breaks et al. (2008) found OH-dominant species. Formulae are
385:
of the elbaite-fluor-liddicoatite series; the pure end-member has not yet been found in nature. Fluor-liddicoatite is indistinguishable from elbaite by
657:
B ions occur in triangular coordination, each triangle sharing a common apex with two Y octahedra. This composite unit is linked to others like it by
912:, Madagascar, very lustrous, striated, short prismatic fluor-liddicoatite crystals with trigonal terminations have been found, loose or on pegmatite
1352:
802:= 1.621 for the type specimen. The refractive indices, however, will vary from specimen to specimen, as they depend on the content of
1110:
121:
491:
1167:
886:
634:
250:
665:
atoms are also atoms of the aluminum coordination octahedra. The X sites are sandwiched between the units along the c axis.
585:
For fluor-liddicoatite, the X sites are occupied by Ca, the Y sites by Li or Al and the Z sites by Al, giving the formula
1127:
Darrell J. Henry; Milan Novák; Frank C. Hawthorne; Andreas Ertl; Barbara L. Dutrow; Pavel Uher; Federico
Pezzotta (2011).
622:
295:
716:
1337:
894:
515:
742:
is poor perpendicular to the c crystal axis, or it may be totally absent. The mineral is brittle, with an uneven to
705:
The color is usually smoky brown, but also pink, red, green, blue, or rarely white. Color zoning is abundant at the
645:, with two of the four Os in each tetrahedron shared between adjacent tetrahedra. So the formula for the ring is Si
1347:
135:
1342:
1332:
1257:
Deer, Howie and
Zussman (1986) Rock-forming minerals, (2nd edition), Volume 1B, Disilicates and Ring Silicates
1327:
882:
874:
706:
678:
507:
111:
382:
1220:
1105:
928:
746:
739:
240:
230:
1357:
1200:
1143:
962:
890:
487:
734:
730:
285:
275:
1159:
980:
823:
686:
220:
775:
682:
642:
546:
386:
1208:
1151:
970:
913:
791:
767:
674:
323:
305:
69:
1097:
653:. In each Si tetrahedron an O at one free apex is shared with one of the Y octahedra. The
1312:
1204:
1147:
966:
541:
Fluor-liddicoatite is isostructural with (has the same structure as) all members of the
145:
1321:
984:
787:
750:
495:
210:
157:
1163:
1072:
917:
861:
771:
192:
36:
885:, Washington, D.C., US, catalogue #135815; further type material is stored at the
697:
881:, Madagascar. Type Material is stored at the National Museum of Natural History,
865:
A spectacular radiating spray of liddicoatite crystals, from the Minh Tien Mine,
1212:
811:
511:
341:
175:
827:
743:
542:
371:
166:
61:
921:
878:
834:
807:
712:
519:
42:
17:
766:, a little harder than zircon, making it suitable for use as a gemstone.
1155:
724:
658:
630:
150:
975:
950:
1244:. Vol. 235. Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Release Data.
1049:
902:
866:
842:
831:
390:
379:
375:
205:
Usually smoky brown, but also pink, red, green, blue, or rarely white.
909:
846:
838:
662:
626:
701:
A polished slice of liddicoatite from
Madagascar. Photo Rob Lavinsky
860:
850:
696:
654:
389:
techniques. It forms a series with elbaite and probably also with
803:
720:
814:
is strong: O dark brown or pink, E light brown or pale pink.
733:
is white to very light brown, lighter than the mass color,
826:
in soil at the type locality, presumably derived from the
681:
outline, generally elongated and striated parallel to the
770:
is 3.02, a little lighter than fluorite. It is neither
737:
is vitreous and crystals are transparent to translucent.
346:
Strong: O dark brown or pink, E light brown or pale pink
1240:
Breaks, F.W.; Tindle, A.G. & Selway, J.B. (2008).
215:
Stout prismatic, with a curved convex trigonal outline
1129:"Nomenclature of the tourmaline-supergroup minerals"
358:
350:
340:
322:
314:
304:
294:
284:
274:
249:
239:
229:
219:
209:
201:
191:
186:
174:
156:
144:
134:
120:
110:
68:
55:
50:
29:
1034:Gaines et al (1997) Dana’s New Mineralogy. Wiley
532:Z = 3 (there are 3 formula units per unit cell).
810:, which are usually present as trace elements.
490:(1918–2002) gemmologist and president of the
8:
1225:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
494:, who is well known for introducing the GIA
1295:
1293:
486:Fluor-liddicoatite was named in 1977 after
1278:extraLapis English No 3: Tourmaline (2002)
715:Mn content, and the green color is due to
35:
974:
717:intervalence charge transfer transactions
1299:The Mineralogical Record (2007) 38-3:220
1287:The Mineralogical Record (2006) 37-5:482
1274:
1272:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1044:
1042:
1040:
869:, Vietnam. Size: 8.5 x 7.6 x 4.7 cm.
941:
1253:
1251:
1218:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
661:Al ions at the Z sites, and its outer
26:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
927:In Tsarafara in the Sahatany Valley,
7:
1010:American Mineralogist (1977) 62:1121
951:"IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols"
1266:American Mineralogist (1948) 33:532
506:Fluor-liddicoatite belongs to the
25:
1109:. Mineral Data Publishing. 2001.
711:The pink-red color is due to the
45:, Madagascar. Photo Rob Lavinsky
41:Liddicoatite from the Ambesabora
1116:from the original on 2006-09-05.
492:Gemological Institute of America
354:Not fluorescent, not radioactive
1193:European Journal of Mineralogy
887:Natural History Museum, London
877:is Anjanabonoina, Tsilaizina,
641:groups. These tetrahedra form
378:subgroup, and the theoretical
1:
1353:Minerals in space group 160
1073:"Liddicoatite Mineral Data"
895:Geological Survey of Canada
837:. Associated minerals are
1374:
908:At Ambalabe, Manapa, near
549:with the general formula
300:Transparent to translucent
162:Ditrigonal pyramidal (3m)
749:. It is very hard, with
635:tetrahedrally coordinated
290:White to very light brown
34:
623:octahedrally coordinated
526:a = 15.867 Å to 15.875 Å
397:Fluor-liddicoatite Ca(Li
370:is a rare member of the
225:Poor or absent on {0001}
883:Smithsonian Institution
677:, with a curved convex
508:trigonal crystal system
955:Mineralogical Magazine
870:
822:Fluor-liddicoatite is
786:Fluor-liddicoatite is
702:
529:c = 7.135 Å to 7.126 Å
496:diamond grading system
1213:10.1127/ejm/11/2/0237
1136:American Mineralogist
1106:University of Arizona
929:Vakinankaratra Region
905:District, in Vietnam.
864:
700:
351:Other characteristics
122:Strunz classification
1156:10.2138/am.2011.3636
891:Royal Ontario Museum
516:rhombohedral lattice
488:Richard T. Liddicoat
235:Uneven to conchoidal
1205:1999EJMin..11..237A
1148:2011AmMin..96..895H
976:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
967:2021MinM...85..291W
949:Warr, L.N. (2021).
693:Physical properties
673:Crystals are stout
374:group of minerals,
136:Dana classification
1338:Aluminium minerals
1077:www.webmineral.com
871:
792:refractive Indices
782:Optical properties
703:
643:six-membered rings
368:Fluor-liddicoatite
315:Optical properties
30:Fluor-liddicoatite
1348:Trigonal minerals
893:, Canada and the
637:by O, forming SiO
545:group, which are
387:X-ray diffraction
365:
364:
170:
130:
16:(Redirected from
1365:
1343:Lithium minerals
1333:Calcium minerals
1300:
1297:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1267:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1216:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1166:. Archived from
1142:(5–6): 895–913.
1133:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1102:
1094:
1081:
1080:
1069:
1058:
1057:
1046:
1035:
1032:
1011:
1008:
989:
988:
978:
946:
768:Specific gravity
765:
764:
760:
757:
621:The Y sites are
514:R 3m. It has a
324:Refractive index
306:Specific gravity
270:
269:
265:
262:
255:
164:
129:8/E.19-80 (8 ed)
128:
126:9.CK.05 (10 ed)
75:
74:(repeating unit)
39:
27:
21:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1217:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1084:
1071:
1070:
1061:
1048:
1047:
1038:
1033:
1014:
1009:
992:
948:
947:
943:
938:
859:
820:
801:
797:
784:
762:
758:
755:
753:
738:
728:
710:
695:
671:
652:
648:
640:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
539:
504:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
335:
331:
267:
263:
260:
258:
253:
163:
127:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
73:
72:
60:
46:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1371:
1369:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1328:Cyclosilicates
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1307:External links
1305:
1302:
1301:
1289:
1280:
1268:
1259:
1247:
1232:
1199:(2): 237–242.
1183:
1119:
1098:"Liddicoatite"
1082:
1059:
1054:www.mindat.org
1050:"Liddicoatite"
1036:
1012:
990:
961:(3): 291–320.
940:
939:
937:
934:
933:
932:
925:
906:
858:
855:
819:
816:
799:
795:
783:
780:
694:
691:
670:
667:
650:
646:
638:
619:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
583:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
547:cyclosilicates
538:
535:
534:
533:
530:
527:
503:
500:
484:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
460:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
363:
362:
360:
356:
355:
352:
348:
347:
344:
338:
337:
333:
329:
326:
320:
319:
316:
312:
311:
308:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
288:
282:
281:
278:
272:
271:
256:
247:
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233:
227:
226:
223:
217:
216:
213:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
195:
189:
188:
187:Identification
184:
183:
178:
172:
171:
160:
154:
153:
148:
146:Crystal system
142:
141:
138:
132:
131:
124:
118:
117:
114:
108:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
66:
65:
59:Cyclosilicate
57:
53:
52:
48:
47:
40:
32:
31:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1370:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1173:on 2012-03-26
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
991:
986:
982:
977:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
945:
942:
935:
930:
926:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
904:
900:
899:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
875:type locality
868:
863:
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
833:
829:
825:
817:
815:
813:
809:
805:
798:= 1.637 and N
793:
789:
781:
779:
777:
773:
769:
752:
748:
745:
741:
736:
732:
726:
722:
718:
714:
708:
707:type locality
699:
692:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
669:Crystal habit
668:
666:
664:
660:
656:
644:
636:
632:
628:
624:
588:
587:
586:
552:
551:
550:
548:
544:
536:
531:
528:
525:
524:
523:
521:
517:
513:
510:, class 3 m,
509:
501:
499:
497:
493:
489:
461:
428:Elbaite Na(Al
427:
396:
395:
394:
392:
388:
384:
381:
377:
373:
369:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
343:
339:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
307:
303:
299:
297:
293:
289:
287:
283:
279:
277:
273:
257:
252:
248:
244:
242:
238:
234:
232:
228:
224:
222:
218:
214:
212:
211:Crystal habit
208:
204:
200:
196:
194:
190:
185:
182:
179:
177:
173:
168:
161:
159:
158:Crystal class
155:
152:
149:
147:
143:
139:
137:
133:
125:
123:
119:
115:
113:
109:
77:
71:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
44:
38:
33:
28:
19:
1283:
1262:
1241:
1235:
1221:cite journal
1196:
1192:
1186:
1175:. Retrieved
1168:the original
1139:
1135:
1122:
1104:
1076:
1053:
958:
954:
944:
920:crystals of
918:dodecahedral
872:
821:
788:uniaxial (-)
785:
704:
672:
620:
584:
540:
522:parameters
505:
485:
462:Olenite NaAl
367:
366:
318:Uniaxial (−)
193:Formula mass
180:
18:Liddicoatite
1358:Tourmalines
818:Environment
812:Pleochroism
776:radioactive
772:fluorescent
512:space group
342:Pleochroism
296:Diaphaneity
197:945.8 g/mol
176:Space group
1322:Categories
1177:2012-04-18
936:References
857:Localities
835:pegmatites
828:weathering
744:conchoidal
543:tourmaline
372:tourmaline
359:References
332:= 1.637, N
251:Mohs scale
167:H-M symbol
112:IMA symbol
62:Tourmaline
985:235729616
922:londonite
879:Antsirabe
808:manganese
790:, with
713:manganese
675:prismatic
537:Structure
520:unit cell
502:Unit cell
498:in 1953.
383:endmember
43:pegmatite
1164:38696645
1111:Archived
832:granitic
824:detrital
751:hardness
747:fracture
740:Cleavage
725:titanium
719:between
687:pyramids
679:trigonal
659:aluminum
631:hydroxyl
280:Vitreous
254:hardness
241:Tenacity
231:Fracture
221:Cleavage
151:Trigonal
140:61.3.1.2
56:Category
1201:Bibcode
1144:Bibcode
963:Bibcode
903:Luc Yen
867:Luc Yen
843:elbaite
761:⁄
723:Fe and
581:(OH,F).
518:, with
391:olenite
380:calcium
376:elbaite
336:= 1.621
266:⁄
245:Brittle
70:Formula
51:General
1162:
983:
914:matrix
910:Betafo
889:, the
847:albite
839:quartz
735:luster
731:streak
683:c axis
663:oxygen
629:O and
627:oxygen
577:(OH,O)
286:Streak
276:Luster
165:(same
1171:(PDF)
1160:S2CID
1132:(PDF)
1114:(PDF)
1101:(PDF)
981:S2CID
851:micas
655:boron
593:Al)Al
589:Ca(Li
401:Al)Al
202:Color
82:Al)Al
78:Ca(Li
64:Group
1313:Jmol
1227:link
873:The
849:and
806:and
804:iron
774:nor
729:The
721:iron
613:(OH)
482:(OH)
456:(OH)
421:(OH)
310:3.02
102:(OH)
1209:doi
1152:doi
971:doi
830:of
727:Ti.
625:by
597:(BO
561:(BO
440:(BO
436:)Al
434:1.5
430:1.5
405:(BO
181:R3m
116:Fld
86:(BO
1324::
1292:^
1271:^
1250:^
1223:}}
1219:{{
1207:.
1197:11
1195:.
1158:.
1150:.
1140:96
1138:.
1134:.
1103:.
1085:^
1075:.
1062:^
1052:.
1039:^
1015:^
993:^
979:.
969:.
959:85
957:.
953:.
897:.
853:.
845:,
841:,
778:.
689:.
651:18
617:F.
611:18
605:Si
575:18
569:Si
553:XY
476:27
470:Si
454:18
448:Si
432:Li
419:18
413:Si
100:18
94:Si
1229:)
1215:.
1211::
1203::
1180:.
1154::
1146::
1079:.
1056:.
987:.
973::
965::
924:.
800:e
796:o
794:N
763:2
759:1
756:+
754:7
649:O
647:6
639:4
615:3
609:O
607:6
603:3
601:)
599:3
595:6
591:2
579:3
573:O
571:6
567:3
565:)
563:3
559:6
557:Z
555:3
480:3
478:O
474:O
472:6
468:3
466:B
464:9
458:4
452:O
450:6
446:3
444:)
442:3
438:6
425:F
423:3
417:O
415:6
411:3
409:)
407:3
403:6
399:2
334:e
330:o
328:N
268:2
264:1
261:+
259:7
169:)
106:F
104:3
98:O
96:6
92:3
90:)
88:3
84:6
80:2
20:)
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