199:
215:
29:
533:
75:. Although it has long since been replaced by electric lighting, the term has nonetheless survived, as someone in the public eye is still said to be "in the limelight". The actual lamps are called "limes", a term which has been transferred to electrical equivalents.
198:
214:
733:
564:
152:
in 1837 and enjoyed widespread use in theatres around the world in the 1860s and 1870s. Limelights were employed to highlight solo performers in the same manner as modern
1161:
144:
light and announced that "the whole pier is overwhelmed with a flood of beautiful white light". Limelight was first used for indoor stage illumination in the
557:
441:
349:
321:
251:
112:
and realized that the light would be useful for surveying. Drummond built a working version in 1826, and the device is sometimes called the
1271:
1026:
510:
550:
469:
380:
236:
711:
289:
1569:
1466:
1204:
1071:
1607:
1296:
1081:
484:
1291:
1091:
998:
1602:
1461:
622:
153:
1353:
1121:
173:
67:), which can be heated to 2,572 °C (4,662 °F) before melting. The light is produced by a combination of
20:
1473:
1441:
1034:
1021:
617:
1534:
749:
723:
1597:
1394:
1066:
678:
177:
220:
19th century limelight used for stage lighting (collection: Stadsschouwburg (city theatre) Bruges, Belgium)
1592:
1151:
1076:
137:
1564:
241:
97:
537:
1276:
779:
231:
208:(slaked lime) in a stove burner causes it to glow, although this is not as bright as a real limelight
1404:
1330:
1325:
1308:
1303:
1263:
728:
706:
318:
52:
1554:
1226:
1011:
954:
946:
165:
89:
1096:
1044:
1016:
936:
774:
762:
718:
646:
592:
506:
465:
437:
376:
372:
366:
345:
205:
145:
72:
433:
339:
1379:
1313:
1243:
1194:
745:
634:
629:
519:
1539:
1498:
1456:
1451:
1286:
1106:
883:
612:
587:
325:
129:
109:
105:
93:
128:, Kent, on the night of 3 October 1836 to illuminate a juggling performance by magician
1427:
1318:
1209:
1173:
1146:
1116:
983:
755:
602:
597:
246:
125:
48:
297:
1586:
1508:
1238:
1141:
1136:
1058:
959:
866:
844:
670:
651:
607:
426:
68:
64:
1518:
1414:
1409:
1384:
1374:
1335:
1156:
1111:
839:
804:
740:
698:
683:
639:
457:
176:
forces to illuminate their artillery target at night while simultaneously blinding
408:
1559:
1513:
1389:
1248:
1168:
976:
971:
931:
903:
898:
829:
824:
809:
688:
256:
169:
133:
60:
28:
124:
The earliest known use of limelight at a public performance was outdoors, over
1503:
1369:
1364:
1253:
1216:
1199:
1131:
1126:
1101:
796:
180:
gunners and riflemen. Calcium lights were also installed on Union Navy ships.
56:
1549:
1446:
1399:
988:
964:
893:
132:. This performance was part of the celebrations following the laying of the
532:
1281:
1221:
926:
918:
888:
849:
814:
784:
767:
573:
184:
101:
1233:
1178:
878:
856:
861:
819:
168:
in July and August 1863 calcium lights were used during the siege of
149:
1544:
908:
834:
27:
546:
410:
The
Mechanic and Chemist: A Magazine of the Arts and Sciences
16:
Type of stage lighting once used in theatres and music halls
542:
59:. An intense illumination is created when a flame fed by
464:(6 Rev ed.). UK: A & C Black Publishers Ltd.
520:
Art
Gallery of South Australia History of Limelights
88:
The limelight effect was discovered in the 1820s by
1527:
1482:
1423:
1346:
1262:
1187:
1057:
997:
945:
917:
795:
697:
669:
660:
580:
432:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp.
425:
108:(1797–1840), saw a demonstration of the effect by
485:In the Limelight: A Civil War Military Innovation
462:The Stage Lighting Handbook (Stage and Costume)
338:Faraday, Michael; James, Frank A. J. L (1999).
558:
8:
503:Herne Bay Clock Tower: A Descriptive History
92:, based on his work with the "oxy-hydrogen
666:
565:
551:
543:
96:", credit for which is normally given to
63:is directed at a cylinder of quicklime (
395:
268:
194:
368:A history of English in its own words
341:The Correspondence of Michael Faraday
252:Nineteenth-century theatrical scenery
7:
505:. Herne Bay: Pierhead Publications.
371:. New York: HarperCollins. p.
183:Limelight was replaced by electric
14:
237:Timeline of hydrogen technologies
531:
213:
197:
1082:Parabolic aluminized reflector
120:Early use in the United Kingdom
1027:Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide
277:San Francisco's Lost Landmarks
160:Early use in the United States
1:
290:"Chemical of the Week – Lime"
32:Diagram of a limelight burner
328:, Retrieved 18 October 2013.
319:Limelight – Leeds University
47:) is a non-electric type of
1272:Automotive light bulb types
1122:Intelligent street lighting
428:History of industrial gases
1624:
1035:Hydrargyrum quartz iodide
187:in the late 19th century.
21:Limelight (disambiguation)
18:
1474:Stage lighting instrument
365:Carver, Craig M. (1991).
140:. The playbill called it
1535:Battlefield illumination
1292:high-intensity discharge
724:Electrochemiluminescence
324:19 February 2011 at the
1395:Electroluminescent wire
424:Almqvist, Ebbe (2003).
275:James R. Smith (2004).
84:Discovery and invention
1077:Multifaceted reflector
501:Bundock, Mike (2000).
33:
1608:Hydrogen technologies
1467:ellipsoidal reflector
1072:Ellipsoidal reflector
756:Fluorescent induction
734:field-induced polymer
540:at Wikimedia Commons
279:, Quill Driver Books.
242:List of light sources
146:Covent Garden Theatre
31:
1304:Rear position lights
1277:Daytime running lamp
1205:Mechanically powered
1092:Aviation obstruction
413:. 1839. p. 354.
294:scifun.chem.wisc.edu
232:Black-body radiation
19:For other uses, see
1603:Scottish inventions
712:Electron-stimulated
300:on 17 February 2008
61:oxygen and hydrogen
1555:Luminous gemstones
729:Electroluminescent
707:Cathodoluminescent
166:American Civil War
90:Goldsworthy Gurney
34:
1580:
1579:
1097:Balanced-arm lamp
1053:
1052:
937:Yablochkov candle
805:Acetylene/Carbide
775:Radioluminescence
647:Luminous efficacy
593:Color temperature
536:Media related to
443:978-0-306-47277-0
351:978-0-86341-251-6
206:calcium hydroxide
73:candoluminescence
1615:
1380:Christmas lights
1314:Safety reflector
1309:Reversing lights
1244:Navigation light
1195:Bicycle lighting
1085:
1038:
1030:
1004:
763:Photoluminescent
746:Fluorescent lamp
719:Chemiluminescent
667:
635:Bi-pin lamp base
630:Lightbulb socket
567:
560:
553:
544:
535:
516:
487:
482:
476:
475:
454:
448:
447:
431:
421:
415:
414:
405:
399:
393:
387:
386:
362:
356:
355:
335:
329:
316:
310:
309:
307:
305:
296:. Archived from
286:
280:
273:
217:
201:
134:foundation stone
1623:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1540:Bioluminescence
1523:
1492:
1478:
1435:
1419:
1358:
1342:
1258:
1183:
1107:Emergency light
1083:
1049:
1036:
1028:
1002:
1000:
993:
941:
913:
884:Magnesium torch
791:
693:
662:
656:
613:Light pollution
588:Accent lighting
576:
571:
529:
524:
513:
500:
496:
491:
490:
483:
479:
472:
456:
455:
451:
444:
423:
422:
418:
407:
406:
402:
394:
390:
383:
364:
363:
359:
352:
337:
336:
332:
326:Wayback Machine
317:
313:
303:
301:
288:
287:
283:
274:
270:
265:
228:
221:
218:
209:
202:
193:
162:
130:Ching Lau Lauro
122:
110:Michael Faraday
106:Thomas Drummond
86:
81:
39:(also known as
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1621:
1619:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1598:Stage lighting
1595:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1528:Related topics
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1319:retroreflector
1311:
1306:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1219:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1197:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1174:Track lighting
1171:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1154:
1149:
1147:Recessed light
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1117:Gooseneck lamp
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1074:
1063:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1014:
1008:
1006:
999:High-intensity
995:
994:
992:
991:
986:
981:
980:
979:
969:
968:
967:
957:
951:
949:
943:
942:
940:
939:
934:
929:
923:
921:
915:
914:
912:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
870:
869:
864:
854:
853:
852:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
801:
799:
793:
792:
790:
789:
788:
787:
777:
772:
771:
770:
768:Laser headlamp
760:
759:
758:
753:
738:
737:
736:
726:
721:
716:
715:
714:
703:
701:
695:
694:
692:
691:
686:
681:
675:
673:
664:
658:
657:
655:
654:
649:
644:
643:
642:
637:
627:
626:
625:
620:
610:
605:
600:
598:Electric light
595:
590:
584:
582:
578:
577:
572:
570:
569:
562:
555:
547:
528:
527:External links
525:
523:
522:
517:
512:978-0953897704
511:
497:
495:
492:
489:
488:
477:
470:
449:
442:
416:
400:
388:
381:
357:
350:
344:. p. 11.
330:
311:
281:
267:
266:
264:
261:
260:
259:
254:
249:
247:Zirconia light
244:
239:
234:
227:
224:
223:
222:
219:
212:
210:
203:
196:
192:
189:
161:
158:
126:Herne Bay Pier
121:
118:
114:Drummond light
100:. In 1825, a
85:
82:
80:
77:
49:stage lighting
41:Drummond light
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1620:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Types of lamp
1591:
1590:
1588:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1509:Infrared lamp
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1239:Laser pointer
1237:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Pendant light
1140:
1138:
1137:Neon lighting
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:Mercury-vapor
1010:
1009:
1007:
1005:
996:
990:
987:
985:
982:
978:
975:
974:
973:
970:
966:
963:
962:
961:
958:
956:
955:Deuterium arc
953:
952:
950:
948:
947:Gas discharge
944:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
924:
922:
920:
916:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
858:
855:
851:
848:
847:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
798:
794:
786:
783:
782:
781:
778:
776:
773:
769:
766:
765:
764:
761:
757:
754:
751:
747:
744:
743:
742:
739:
735:
732:
731:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
713:
710:
709:
708:
705:
704:
702:
700:
696:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
676:
674:
672:
668:
665:
659:
653:
652:Task lighting
650:
648:
645:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
631:
628:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
614:
611:
609:
608:Light fixture
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
585:
583:
579:
575:
568:
563:
561:
556:
554:
549:
548:
545:
541:
539:
534:
526:
521:
518:
514:
508:
504:
499:
498:
493:
486:
481:
478:
473:
471:0-7136-5396-5
467:
463:
459:
458:Reid, Francis
453:
450:
445:
439:
435:
430:
429:
420:
417:
412:
411:
404:
401:
397:
392:
389:
384:
382:0-06-270013-8
378:
374:
370:
369:
361:
358:
353:
347:
343:
342:
334:
331:
327:
323:
320:
315:
312:
299:
295:
291:
285:
282:
278:
272:
269:
262:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
229:
225:
216:
211:
207:
200:
195:
190:
188:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
159:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
119:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
83:
78:
76:
74:
70:
69:incandescence
66:
65:calcium oxide
62:
58:
54:
51:once used in
50:
46:
45:calcium light
42:
38:
30:
26:
22:
1415:Strobe light
1410:Plasma globe
1385:Crackle tube
1375:Bubble light
1336:trafficators
1331:Turn signals
1157:Street light
1112:Gas lighting
1045:Sodium vapor
1017:Metal-halide
919:Electric arc
873:
671:Incandescent
640:Edison screw
530:
502:
494:Bibliography
480:
461:
452:
427:
419:
409:
403:
398:, p. 6.
396:Bundock 2000
391:
367:
360:
340:
333:
314:
302:. Retrieved
298:the original
293:
284:
276:
271:
185:arc lighting
182:
163:
142:koniaphostic
141:
123:
113:
87:
44:
40:
36:
35:
25:
1560:Signal lamp
1514:Stroboscope
1390:DJ lighting
1326:Stop lights
1297:sealed beam
1249:Searchlight
989:Xenon flash
932:Klieg light
780:Solid-state
741:Fluorescent
699:Luminescent
304:24 December
257:Klieg light
178:Confederate
172:, allowing
170:Fort Wagner
164:During the
138:Clock Tower
116:after him.
98:Robert Hare
57:music halls
1587:Categories
1504:Grow light
1499:Germicidal
1489:Scientific
1486:Industrial
1442:Floodlight
1428:Theatrical
1370:Blacklight
1365:Aroma lamp
1354:Decorative
1264:Automotive
1254:Solar lamp
1217:Glow stick
1200:Flashlight
1132:Nightlight
1127:Light tube
1102:Chandelier
1059:Stationary
1001:discharge
927:Carbon arc
797:Combustion
663:generation
661:Methods of
263:References
154:spotlights
104:engineer,
37:Limelight
1570:Reflected
1550:Light art
1462:Spotlight
1447:Footlight
1432:Cinematic
1400:Lava lamp
1162:in the US
1067:Reflector
984:Xenon arc
965:Neon lamp
894:Rushlight
874:Limelight
623:Hong Kong
538:Limelight
1282:Headlamp
1222:Headlamp
1210:Tactical
1188:Portable
1169:Torchère
850:Petromax
845:Kerosene
815:Campfire
785:LED lamp
581:Concepts
574:Lighting
460:(2001).
322:Archived
226:See also
204:Heating
102:Scottish
94:blowpipe
53:theatres
1565:Sources
1519:Tanning
1405:Marquee
1350:Display
1234:Lantern
1227:outdoor
1179:Troffer
1022:ceramic
879:Luchina
857:Lantern
750:compact
748: (
684:Halogen
679:Regular
191:Gallery
136:of the
79:History
1287:hidden
1152:Sconce
977:Sulfur
972:Plasma
904:Tilley
899:Safety
862:Fanous
825:Carcel
820:Candle
810:Argand
689:Nernst
618:Hawaii
509:
468:
440:
379:
348:
150:London
1545:Laser
1457:Scoop
1084:(PAR)
1037:(HQI)
1029:(HMI)
1003:(HID)
909:Torch
867:Paper
835:Flare
603:Glare
436:–73.
174:Union
1452:Gobo
960:Neon
830:Diya
507:ISBN
466:ISBN
438:ISBN
377:ISBN
346:ISBN
306:2017
71:and
55:and
889:Oil
840:Gas
373:158
148:in
43:or
1589::
434:72
375:.
292:.
156:.
752:)
566:e
559:t
552:v
515:.
474:.
446:.
385:.
354:.
308:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.