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stations are receiving. A DNCS initiates the roll call by addressing and transmitting an interrogation message to a specific PU that then responds by transmitting its data. The DNCS then interrogates the next PU in the prescribed roll call. Link 11 can be transmitted on high frequency (HF) and/or Ultra High
Frequency (UHF) bands. Data speed can be selected from bit rates of 2250 or 1364 bits per second. Dual sideband diversity operation and Doppler shift correction features improve reliability and accuracy of data exchange. Link 11 operates on HF (2-30 MHz) and/or UHF (line of sight (LOS)) (225-400 MHz). Some data terminal sets (DTS) provide the option to select either the conventional Link 11 waveform (CLEW) or the single tone Link 11 Waveform (SLEW). SLEW and CLEW are not compatible waveforms. SLEW, among other enhancements, provides increased propagation and a more powerful error detection and correction (EDAC) algorithm. While the option exists to operate in either CLEW or SLEW, all participants in a given Link 11 net must select the same waveform to achieve connectivity between units. Link 11 is defined in military standard (MIL STD) 6011, Tactical Data Link (TDL) A/B Message Standard.
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Link 11 is a half-duplex, netted link that normally operates by roll call from a data net control station (DNCS). Link 11 can also operate in the broadcast mode. The roll call mode of operation used in the Link 11 interface requires that each participating unit (PU) respond in turn while all other
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uses only HF. Link 11 relies on a single platform to report positional information on sensor detections. This positional information can be amplified with additional data to qualify the identity of the detected track. Link 11 was developed by
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MIL-STD-6011 exchanges digital information among airborne, land-based, and shipboard tactical data systems. It is the primary means to exchange data such as radar tracking information beyond line of sight. TADIL-A can be used on either
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The designation "Link 11" is derived from "Link II", the
British designation using Roman numerals before NATO standardized on Arabic numerals. "Link I" was the data link used by the
87:(UHF) range that uses much smaller antennas and is suitable for smaller ships but lacks the OTH performance. The system broadcasts packets of 30 bits length, with 6 bits of
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in
November 1957, where the British proposed the name "TIDE" for "Tactical International Data Exchange". It was later made part of the NATO STANAG standardization process.
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system lacking encryption and automation, intended for ships lacking the ability to use Link 11 data in an automated fashion.
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The NAUTIS (Naval
Autonomous Tactical Information System) originally included the Link 11 system as installed in the
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to exchange digital data. It was originally developed by a joint committee including members from the
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was adopted at the same time as a low-end counterpart to Link 11. Link 14 is essentially a digital
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to pass accurate targeting information between ships. The final standard was signed in
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Link 11 is defined by the United States
Department of Defense as MIL-STD-6011.
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83:(HF) range for over-the-horizon (OTH) communications, and another in the
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Fighters over the Fleet: Naval Air
Defence from Biplanes to the Cold War
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244:. South Yorkshire, United Kingdom: Seaforth Publishing. p. 321.
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was obsolete (per DISA guidance) and is now more commonly seen as
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while with the
Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment (ASWE),
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and 24 bits of payload data. The payload is encrypted.
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NATO link 11 Broadcasting on 2022-03-25 at 4469.3 kHz
79:The system operates on two frequencies, one in the
266:"Understanding Voice+Data Link Networking, p. 1-1"
165:as part of the mid-life upgrades in the 1980s
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297:Federation of American Scientists article:
299:Tactical Digital Information Links (TADIL)
198:Tactical Digital Information Link (TADIL)
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325:Military of the United States standards
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303:Signal Identification Guide
216:Comprehensive Display System
141:Link 11 will be replaced by
106:Comprehensive Display System
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240:Friedman, Norman (2016).
183:Technical characteristics
177:Hunt-class minesweepers
320:Military radio systems
153:Royal New Zealand Navy
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192:Change of terminology
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330:NATO standardisation
125:(UHF). However, the
85:ultra high frequency
123:ultrahigh frequency
62:Royal Canadian Navy
275:. Northrop Grumman
203:Tactical Data Link
54:tactical data link
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99:teleprinter
51:half-duplex
314:Categories
227:References
174:Royal Navy
169:Canterbury
136:Portsmouth
70:Royal Navy
196:The term
127:U.S. Army
210:See also
163:frigates
121:(HF) or
112:Overview
56:used by
305:Link-11
279:29 July
158:Leander
143:Link 22
95:Link 14
66:US Navy
47:Link 11
43:TADIL-A
18:Link-11
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167:HMNZS
160:-class
74:Ottawa
269:(PDF)
221:DATAR
205:(TDL)
281:2020
246:ISBN
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