Knowledge (XXG)

Linux on Apple devices

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bootloader onto the Linux partition, and selecting that Linux partition as the Startup Disk. This results in users being prompted to select whether they want to boot into Mac OS or Linux when the machine starts.
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command line installer for certain distributions including Fedora, Debian, and Ubuntu. While most features are available, some are unavailable on certain silicon processors and devices.
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In 2010, Whitson Gordon from Lifehacker noted that Apple has streamlined the process of dual booting Windows on Macs, but not for Linux.
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By 2008, a number of major Linux distributions had official versions compatible with Mac PowerPC processors, including:
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Macs which utilize the T2 chip from 2018 can run Linux distributions natively using the T2Linux project.
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In June 2022, software developers Konrad Dybcio and Markuss Broks managed to run Linux kernel 5.18 on a
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community project provides resources to do so, and an m68k community port of the
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processors (only 68020 and higher, and only non-"EC" processor variants since an
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All of the above PowerPC ports have since been discontinued, except for Gentoo.
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Mac OS X For Unix Geeks (Leopard): Demistifying the Geekier Side of Mac OS X
340:"Have an old iPad lying around? You might be able to make it run Linux soon" 246:
or through dual-booting. Common virtualization tools for Intel Macs include
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iPodLinux is a Linux distribution created specifically to run on Apple's
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Corellium's Project Sandcastle made it possible to run Android on an
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indicate discontinued products, services, or defunct companies.
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Rothman, Ernest E.; Jepson, Brian; Rosen, Rich (2008-09-18).
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devices. The developer suggested that they used the
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is not possible with an official procedure, such as
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The project made use of the 27:, including devices where the 1: 1983:Shazam Entertainment Limited 392:"iPhone Hacked to Run Linux" 110:using the checkm8 exploit. 108:iPod Touch (7th generation) 93:iPod Touch (1st generation) 29:unlocking of the bootloader 2840: 498:"Linux/m68k for Macintosh" 474:"Debian on Motorola 680x0" 117: 2782: 2248:Non-recruiting agreements 1234: 804: 2287:Depictions of Steve Jobs 642:"Architectures/PowerPC" 212:Debian (until Debian 8) 89:iPhone (1st generation) 2258:FBI encryption dispute 230:(discontinued in 2009) 184:, and the open-source 1921:InVisage Technologies 715:"Home - t2linux wiki" 2735:Edgar S. Woolard Jr. 1928:The Keyboard Company 819:Timeline of products 570:"Debian for PowerPC" 372:(in Austrian German) 218:(until Ubuntu 16.10) 2253:Price-fixing ebooks 2087:Rockstar Consortium 2604:Arthur D. Levinson 1699:Sign in with Apple 502:Linux/m68k for Mac 309:Linux range of use 272:Apple silicon Macs 153:is required). The 83:was ported to the 57:Linux distribution 2806: 2805: 2778: 2777: 2748: 2747: 2581: 2580: 2538:Peter Oppenheimer 2361:(General Counsel) 2270:iOS app approvals 2095: 2094: 1784: 1783: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1121: 1120: 729:"Feature Support" 555:978-0-596-52062-5 252:Parallels Desktop 195:, installing the 145:on Macs that use 137:Motorola 68k Macs 2831: 2796: 2795: 2730:Michael Spindler 2680:Fred D. Anderson 2594: 2543:Mark Papermaster 2493:Guerrino De Luca 2483:Fred D. Anderson 2454:Michael Spindler 2380:John Giannandrea 2331: 2322: 1830:Braeburn Capital 1793: 1414: 1132: 863: 854: 791: 784: 777: 768: 744: 743: 741: 739: 725: 719: 718: 711: 705: 704: 702: 701: 686: 680: 679: 677: 676: 662: 656: 655: 653: 652: 638: 632: 631: 629: 628: 614: 608: 607: 605: 604: 590: 584: 583: 581: 580: 566: 560: 559: 539: 512: 511: 509: 508: 494: 488: 487: 485: 484: 470: 461: 460: 458: 457: 441: 432: 431: 429: 428: 414: 408: 407: 405: 404: 387: 381: 380: 378: 377: 360: 354: 353: 351: 350: 335: 228:Yellow Dog Linux 81:2.6 Linux kernel 2839: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2829: 2828: 2809: 2808: 2807: 2802: 2774: 2744: 2645: 2641:Susan L. Wagner 2636:Ronald D. Sugar 2588: 2577: 2553:Bertrand Serlet 2523:Nancy R. Heinen 2478:Angela Ahrendts 2424: 2400:Deirdre O'Brien 2370:Craig Federighi 2359:Katherine Adams 2313: 2160:Right to repair 2120:Think different 2091: 2018: 1970:Power Computing 1839: 1780: 1682: 1637: 1594: 1588: 1543: 1537:MLS Season Pass 1438: 1395: 1259:Developer Tools 1254:Core Foundation 1230: 1137: 1117: 1052: 1029: 996: 968: 920: 843: 800: 795: 761:Wayback Machine 753: 748: 747: 737: 735: 727: 726: 722: 713: 712: 708: 699: 697: 688: 687: 683: 674: 672: 664: 663: 659: 650: 648: 640: 639: 635: 626: 624: 616: 615: 611: 602: 600: 592: 591: 587: 578: 576: 568: 567: 563: 556: 541: 540: 515: 506: 504: 496: 495: 491: 482: 480: 472: 471: 464: 455: 453: 443: 442: 435: 426: 424: 416: 415: 411: 402: 400: 389: 388: 384: 375: 373: 362: 361: 357: 348: 346: 337: 336: 332: 327: 290: 274: 240: 167: 139: 134: 122: 116: 77: 45: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2837: 2835: 2827: 2826: 2821: 2811: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2801: 2800: 2790: 2783: 2780: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2773: 2772: 2767: 2762: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2749: 2746: 2745: 2743: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2705:Robert A. Iger 2702: 2697: 2692: 2690:Mickey Drexler 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2646: 2644: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2607: 2600: 2598: 2591: 2583: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2576: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2548:Jon Rubinstein 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2513:Scott Forstall 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2469: 2463: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2432: 2430: 2426: 2425: 2423: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2375:Isabel Ge Mahe 2372: 2367: 2362: 2356: 2350: 2344: 2337: 2335: 2328: 2319: 2315: 2314: 2312: 2311: 2306: 2305: 2304: 2299: 2289: 2284: 2283: 2282: 2272: 2267: 2266: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2235: 2234: 2233: 2223: 2222: 2221: 2211: 2210: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2189: 2184: 2183: 2182: 2177: 2169: 2168: 2167: 2162: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2123: 2116: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2090: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2051: 2050: 2043: 2028: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2014: 2006: 2005: 2004: 1997: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1973: 1966: 1959: 1952: 1945: 1938: 1931: 1924: 1917: 1910: 1903: 1896: 1889: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1860: 1849: 1847: 1841: 1840: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1801: 1799: 1790: 1786: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1779: 1778: 1777: 1776: 1771: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1745: 1744: 1732: 1731: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1708: 1703: 1702: 1701: 1690: 1688: 1684: 1683: 1681: 1680: 1673: 1666: 1661: 1659:Certifications 1656: 1651: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1638: 1636: 1635: 1634: 1633: 1623: 1622: 1621: 1611: 1610: 1609: 1598: 1596: 1590: 1589: 1587: 1586: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1574: 1562: 1557: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1542: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1519: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1500: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1486: 1479: 1474: 1467: 1457: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1439: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1411: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1394: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1331: 1326: 1325: 1324: 1317: 1312: 1300: 1299: 1298: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1228: 1223: 1220:Classic Mac OS 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1189: 1179: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1170:iPadOS history 1167: 1162: 1157: 1142: 1140: 1129: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1071: 1066: 1060: 1058: 1054: 1053: 1051: 1050: 1045: 1039: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1028: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1006: 1004: 998: 997: 995: 994: 989: 984: 978: 976: 970: 969: 967: 966: 959: 952: 945: 938: 930: 928: 922: 921: 919: 918: 913: 908: 903: 902: 901: 896: 886: 885: 884: 871: 869: 860: 851: 845: 844: 842: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 805: 802: 801: 796: 794: 793: 786: 779: 771: 765: 764: 752: 751:External links 749: 746: 745: 720: 706: 681: 657: 633: 609: 585: 561: 554: 513: 489: 462: 433: 409: 382: 355: 329: 328: 326: 323: 322: 321: 319:Linux on IBM Z 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 289: 286: 273: 270: 244:virtualization 239: 236: 232: 231: 225: 219: 213: 210: 166: 163: 147:Motorola 680x0 138: 135: 133: 130: 118:Main article: 115: 112: 76: 75:iPhone devices 73: 44: 41: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2836: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2799: 2791: 2788: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2765:Steve Wozniak 2763: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2755: 2751: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2725:Michael Scott 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2700:Larry Ellison 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2685:Bill Campbell 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2657:Mike Markkula 2655: 2654: 2652: 2648: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2616:James A. Bell 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2601: 2599: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2584: 2574: 2573:Steve Wozniak 2571: 2569: 2568:Avie Tevanian 2566: 2564: 2563:Sina Tamaddon 2561: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2518:Ellen Hancock 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2442:Mike Markkula 2440: 2437: 2436:Michael Scott 2434: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2410:Phil Schiller 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2347:Jeff Williams 2345: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2336: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2323: 2320: 2316: 2310: 2307: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2294: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2264: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2239: 2236: 2232: 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Index

Linux kernel
Apple
unlocking of the bootloader
iPhones
iPads
iPad Air 2
Alpine Linux
Linux distribution
postmarketOS
Android
checkm8
2.6 Linux kernel
iPhone 3G
iPhone (1st generation)
iPod Touch (1st generation)
OpeniBoot
iPhone 7
iPod Touch (7th generation)
iPodLinux
iPod
dual-booted
Motorola 680x0
MMU
Debian
PowerPC
emulation
dual-booting
Virtual PC
QEMU
boot drive

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