1463:, and a separation of payload from the launch vehicle was not planned. Shortly after liftoff, a single engine failure caused the vehicle to begin drifting horizontally for several tens of meters off the launch pad before beginning to ascend vertically. The rocket then exceeded its allowable trajectory, and was destroyed about 2 minutes and 28 seconds after launch. The rocket reached a peak altitude of 50 km (31 mi) before crashing into the ocean downrange of the launch site. Astra determined a small propellant leakage from the launcher fueling system caused an explosion that disabled one of the five engines.
613:. The reorganized company proceeded to begin the development of a new carrier rocket, designed to be as simple and as inexpensive as possible. The rocket was to be both very small and constructed of basic materials, in order to facilitate a goal of launching on a daily basis. Additionally, it was to be transported in standard shipping containers and have a highly automated launch system that required as few personnel as possible. To accelerate the development of this new launch system, Astra made use of designs and hardware from the SALVO rocket.
1492:) constellation, was destroyed. A post-mission failure analysis determined that the high rate of fuel consumption was ultimately caused by fuel boiling within the regenerative cooling channels of the Aether engine. This effect, previously unobserved, was attributed to the warmer weather at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station heating the fuel more before it was loaded onto the vehicle compared to the weather encountered at Astra's Alaska launch site. This was the final flight of Rocket 3.
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vehicle which added a pressure-fed second stage to the
Delphin-powered booster. Its definitive variant, Rocket 3.3, featured a lengthened booster, and delivered satellites to orbit. Rocket 4 was to have been an all-new design for a larger, more powerful rocket. The rocket family originated in Small Air Launch Vehicle to Orbit (SALVO), a small launch vehicle powered by Astra's electric-pump-fed liquid rocket engine produced for the
1404:(PSCA) Launch Pad 2 for the company's first sub-orbital launch attempt. After approximately 27 seconds of propelled flight, the rocket began to fall, exploding after hitting the launch pad. As the launch took place in heavy fog and was furthermore kept secret, little was known about the launch failure. Confirmation of the failure took place a day later when the Federal Aviation Administration stated that a mishap had occurred.
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second stage into the booster. However, the helium had been cooled by the adjacent cryogenic liquid oxygen. A plastic valve used to control the flow of helium thereafter became stuck open due to the cold temperatures encountered, allowing unrestricted flow of helium into the booster. The resulting gas buildup caused a tank to rupture, causing the rocket to explode on the pad, destroying itself and the launch infrastructure.
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712:, and the space-based radio beacon payload were to be removed from the rocket after the end of the Launch Challenge. Astra had failed to launch within the DARPA Launch Challenge's launch window; launch preparations continued regardless for the test flight. The rocket suffered a destructive fire at the launch pad on 23 March 2020.
648:"Delphin" engines. While second stage engine "Aether" was still being developed, an upper stage (second stage) mass simulator was used in its place. A number of unsuccessful launch attempts were made between March 2018 and July 2018, with launch ultimately taking place 20 July 2018; the launch was a failure.
1416:, Launch Pad 2, the same used for Rocket 1. After approximately 30 seconds of powered flight, the Delphin engines began to fail, causing the rocket to fall and crash into the ground. The maximum altitude attained by Rocket 2 was stated to be about 100 m (330 ft) greater than that for Rocket 1.
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failed to separate and ignition of the second-stage occurred with the fairing still attached. The second stage punched through the fairing and spun out of control. Shortly after this anomaly the flight was terminated and the payload lost. The post-launch investigation later found that the failure was
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and reached its target orbital altitude of 390 kilometers, a first for Astra. However, due to issues with the upper stage's fuel mixture, the rocket failed to achieve orbit. The company declared the flight a success, arguing that their objective for the test flight was to achieve a successful cut-off
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On 12 September 2020, Rocket 3.1 was launched from the PSCA. After ascending for some 15 seconds, the rocket began to exhibit roll oscillation, which caused it to deviate from its intended trajectory. The rocket's flight was therefore terminated about 30 seconds after liftoff, destroying the vehicle.
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First commercial Rocket 3 launch, and first of two demonstration launches for the U.S. Space Force. An engine failure shortly after liftoff caused the rocket to drift sideways off the launch pad before ascending vertically. At approximately T+02:28, range safety ordered engine shutdown, terminating
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SALVO (Small
Affordable Launch Vehicle to Orbit, later Small Air Launch Vehicle to Orbit) was a two stage rocket with two electric-pump-feed engines in its first stage. It was developed to be a pathfinder for the much larger ALASA. Only two people were required to launch the rocket - the pilot and
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Astra's Rocket series was developed with experience gained from the company's work on the SALVO air-launched launch vehicle, for which the
Delphin rocket engine was designed. Its career was marked by several series of failures; of 10 launch campaigns, only 2 missions were successfully completed.
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The Rocket series was designed as a simple, low-cost space launch vehicle. No engine on the rocket made use of turbomachinery and the rocket's construction was of welded sheet aluminium as opposed to lightweight machined panels. It was also physically small, with the longest variant, Rocket 3.3,
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The Rocket name was shared by several launch vehicles. Rocket 1 was test vehicle made up of a booster equipped with five
Delphin electric-pump-fed rocket engines, and a mass simulator meant to occupy the place of a second stage. Rocket 2 was a prototype similar to Rocket 1. Rocket 3 was a launch
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On 23 March 2020, Rocket 3.0 was destroyed in an explosion during testing in preparation for launch. Partway through the series of tests, the supply of helium gas, used to prime parts of the rocket, was depleted. To complete a first stage test, it was decided to transfer surplus helium from the
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mission, consisting of four CubeSats, was launched on this flight. An issue occurred after stage separation during flight which prevented delivery of the payloads into orbit. The failure was later found to have been caused by a wiring error in the separation mechanism and a software flaw in the
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This launch had no customer and acted as a suborbital test flight using a mass simulator for the second stage, as the Aether second stage engine was still in development. There was no payload on board. The mission planned to fly on an azimuth of 195° from the spaceport, but the license did not
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caused by an error in the wiring diagram which prevented the fairings from separating completely before second stage ignition, coupled with a software problem that resulted in the upper stage engine being unable to use its thrust vector system to correct the tumbling after stage ignition.
575:(formerly known as Ventions). The rockets were designed to be manufactured at minimal cost, employing very simple materials and techniques. They were also designed to be launched by a very small team, and be transported from the factory to the launch pad in standard shipping containers.
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and reach its target orbital altitude of 390 kilometers. Narrowly failed to reach stable orbit due to issues with the upper stage propellant mixture ratio, but exceeded the company's expectations with an otherwise-successful climb into near-orbital space from Kodiak Island, Alaska.
2551:"Just finished a call with @Astra. Rocket was 0.5 m/s (1.6 ft/s) short of orbit. With a better fuel mixture in the upper stage it would have orbited. Apogee of 390 km (240 mi). Rocket 3.3 will carry a payload, and there will be no hardware or software changes"
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Rocket 4 is to be a new launch vehicle, much larger than the previous Rocket 3.3 and capable of carrying up to 600 kg (1,300 lb) to orbit, and 350 kg (770 lb) to a sun-synchronous orbit. The vehicle's upper stage is designed to integrate the
673:. The rocket consisted of two stages. The first stage had five electric-pump-fed "Delphin" engines with 6,500 lbf (29,000 N) of thrust each. The second stage had one pressure-fed "Aether" engine with 740 lbf (3,300 N) (vacuum) of thrust.
2723:"We suffered technical difficulties, but achieved 2.5 minutes of flight data. Every launch, whether successful or not, is an opportunity for us to learn. Our team will study the data and use this information to iterate on our next launch"
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First of three planned launches for the TROPICS constellation. Both satellites were lost as the rocket failed to reach orbit. The constellation was intended to consist of six satellites in total. The remaining satellites were launched by
2749:"Just got off a brief call with Astra. One of the five first stage engines failed less than one second into flight. Range triggered the engine shutdown at T+2.5 minutes because the launch vehicle was outside its normal flight trajectory"
3068:"It's now clear that the Astra LV0009 mission launched 20 SpaceBEEs, namely SpaceBEE 112 to 127 and New Zealand flagged SpaceBEE NZ-11 to NZ-14. All but two are now ID'd by 18SPCS; no IDs yet for the SpaceBEEs launched on Transporter-4"
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the weapon system officer (WSO) of the F-15 carrier aircraft. ALASA was intended to send 45kg to orbit at a target launch price of $ 1 million USD. ALASA, along with SALVO, was terminated in 2015 due to technical challenges.
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Ventions, the predecessor to Astra, had developed an air-launched orbital launch system for the SALVO program. Development of an electric-pump-fed rocket engine, later known as
Delphin, took place as part of SALVO in 2012.
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For consistency, the outcome of the flight is measured by whether the rocket achieves a stable orbit. The company may have particular objectives for test flights that are more or less strenuous than reaching
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This
Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future
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Launch for a commercial customer. Flight ended earlier than planned, likely due to engine failure. Rather than including an active second stage, this launch carried an "upper stage mass simulator".
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engines to have different gimballing, thrust, and mixture control to meet Astra's needs as part of
Firefly's rocket engine program. Firefly would initially supply up to 50 Chirons to Astra.
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On 12 June 2022, Astra Rocket 3.3 vehicle (serial number LV0010) failed to reach orbit after unusually high fuel consumption was observed. The rocket's payload, two TROPICS satellites for
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In August 2022, citing the poor reliability of Rocket 3, Astra announced that it was ending operations of the vehicle and transitioning into development of Rocket 4, an all-new design.
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On 28 August 2021 at 22:35 UTC, Astra launched its fourth Rocket 3 vehicle, Rocket 3.3 (serial number LV0006). The flight carried an instrumentation payload for the
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systems. The rocket was reused for the next launch without DARPA involvement, but on 23 March 2020, the rocket exploded during testing, with no personnel injuries.
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engine, while the booster will feature 2 70,000 lbf (310 kN) turbopump-fed engines. The booster engine, referred to as "Chiron", is procured from
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Symbol indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)
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P120 mission for a commercial customer. The FAA reported an unknown mishap occurred during the launch; Astra later noted the launch was successful.
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3182:"Time-Resolved Observations of Precipitation Structure and Storm Intensity with a Constellation of Smallsats (TROPICS) Mission Launch Services"
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program. Following the end of the ALASA program, development of launch vehicle technology and systems continued, producing the Rocket family.
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After the failure of Rocket 3.3 LV0010, production and operation of the Rocket 3 launcher was cancelled in favour of a new rocket, Rocket 4.
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700:, along with a space-based beacon designed to aid in space traffic management, were slated to ride into orbit on "1 of 3". On 2 March 2020,
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On 15 December 2020 at roughly 20:55 UTC, Astra launched its third Rocket 3 vehicle, called Rocket 3.2. The rocket successfully passed the
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disclose the planned altitude or downrange distance for the mission. The launch happened on 29 November 2018; the launch was a failure.
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Formerly "2 of 3". Second attempt to launch a Rocket 3 for the first time. Initially intended to be the second of two launches for the
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688:(PSCA) with attempted launches in late February and early March 2020, with the last launch attempt on 2 March 2020, as part of the
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Of nine launches of Astra rockets, seven were failures, with an additional rocket destroyed during preparations for launch.
1319:; all payloads deployed successfully. S4 Crossover, carrying EyeStar-S4, remained attached to the second stage as intended.
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program titled "Responsive Launch
Enabled by Astra's Rocket 5.0". Rocket 5 was to be a variant of the Rocket 3 dedicated to
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2037:"Firefly to Become the Premier Supplier of Rocket Engines and Spaceflight Components for the Emerging New Space Industry"
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On 15 March 2022, Astra Rocket 3.3 vehicle (serial number LV0009) successfully reached orbit with the Astra-1 mission.
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On 20 November 2021, Astra's Rocket 3.3 vehicle (serial number LV0007) successfully reached orbit after launching from
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1805:"Technology Development of an Electrically Driven Pump Fed Storable Liquid Bi Propellant for a Mars Ascent Vehicle"
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Rocket 1 was a test vehicle developed using unflown hardware and software from SALVO. This vehicle utilized five
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The second Rocket 3, "2 of 3" or "Rocket 3.1", was launched on 12 September 2020. The launch ended in failure.
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The third Rocket 3, "3 of 3" or "Rocket 3.2", was launched on 15 December 2020. The launch ended in failure.
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Rocket 3.3 failed 3 launches: 28 August 2021, 10 February 2022, 12 June 2022; see launch failures below.
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was a small-lift space launch vehicle series designed, manufactured, and operated by
American company
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2467:"Rocket startup Astra trying for an orbital launch again in July 2020, renewing fundraising efforts"
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In 2017, Astra, under the name
Ventions, received funding from NASA to develop the launch system.
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NASA Venture Class Launch Services 2 (VCLS 2) Mission One, officially known as VCLS Demo-2A. The
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Second demonstration launch for the U.S. Space Force. This was Astra's first undisputed success.
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the flight. A fueling system propellant leak was determined to be the root cause of the problem.
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1511:"Rocket startup Astra trying for an orbital launch again in July, renewing fundraising efforts"
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In November 2021, after nine years of development, Rocket 3.3 reach orbit for the first time.
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2580:"Rocket startup Astra reaches space for the first time with second launch attempt from Alaska"
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1534:"Rocket startup Astra emerges from stealth, aims to launch for as little as $ 1M per flight"
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3250:"NASA Maintains Contractual Relationship with Astra, Presses Forward with TROPICS Mission"
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When the Heavens Went on Sale: The Misfits and Geniuses Racing to Put Space Within Reach
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1912:"Astra launches first successful mission with operational satellites – Spaceflight Now"
1628:"Development and Flight-Testing of a High-Performance Electric-Pump Fed Launch Vehicle"
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that had a payload capacity of 25 kg (55 lb) to a 500 km (310 mi)
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2957:"Astra rocket suffers catastrophic failure in 1st Florida launch, 4 satellites lost"
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2651:"Astra Announces Multi-Launch Contract And First Launch With Department Of Defense"
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1075:. 30 seconds after lift off engines were shut down by the range safety officer.
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1728:"Astra to make next orbital launch attempt in late August for the Space Force"
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The first Rocket 3, "1 of 3" or "Rocket 3.0", completed a static fire test at
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2408:"Software fix could position Astra for another launch attempt by end of year"
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2775:"Astra explains previous failure, sets October date for next launch attempt"
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On 10 February 2022, Rocket 3.3 LV0008 successfully launched. However, the
2094:"Astra pitches larger rocket, suborbital cargo-delivery plan to Air Force"
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1934:"Astra says Rocket 4 development on schedule for late 2023 first flight"
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3015:"Astra successfully returns to flight with mission for Spaceflight Inc"
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708:'s two Articulated Reconnaissance and Communications Expedition (ARCE)
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In 2016, Ventions was re-incorporated as Astra, under the ownership of
2494:"Astra to try again today after weather delayed rocket launch attempt"
2378:"Rocket startup Astra trims staff to survive pandemic until next year"
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1603:"DARPA Developing Operational Pathfinder for ALASA Air Launch System"
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2435:"Astra readies small satellite launcher for test flight from Alaska"
2254:"Commercial Space Transportation License; License Number LLS 18-144"
2068:"Launch startups Astra and Firefly ink secret rocket engine IP deal"
3331:"Astra Concludes Tropics-1 Launch Failure Investigation - TLP News"
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3304:"Post-Launch Investigation: What We Found And Next Steps | Astra"
3278:"Astra Rocket's Test Launch for Space Force Fails to Reach Orbit"
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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1986:"Ursa Major to supply upper-stage engine for Astra's new rocket"
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3376:
2985:"Astra blames launch failure on wiring error and software flaw"
2629:"Astra's smallsat launcher reaches space on second test flight"
5727:
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1850:"DARPA Scraps Plan To Launch Small Sats from F-15 Fighter Jet"
548:
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341:
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1960:"Astra's new rocket won't launch until 2024—if it ever flies"
3128:"NearSpace Launch Joins Astra's Upcoming EyeStar-S4 Mission"
3218:"NASA Awards Launch Service Contract for TROPICS Mission"
1412:
Rocket 2 was launched 30 November 2018 at 03:00 UTC from
5996:
Public–private partnership projects in the United States
1877:. 11 May 2020. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020
2146:"Commercial Space Transportation License No LLS 18-112"
1776:"Astra announces second quarter 2022 financial results"
1447:
of the first stage's main engine, which was achieved.
2328:"Astra readies for possible launch attempt next week"
778:
In September 2020, Astra submitted a proposal to the
704:
and Astra officials said the Prometheus CubeSat, the
2674:"Astra's 100-year plan: Q&A with CEO Chris Kemp"
1823:"DARPA Awards Contracts for Airborne-launcher Study"
5485:
5412:
5314:
5220:
4070:
3844:
3428:
1751:"Astra cancels Rocket 3 to focus on larger vehicle"
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2798:"Astra successfully makes orbit on fourth attempt"
2460:
2458:
2456:
2190:
2188:
1697:"NASA Establishes New Public-Private Partnerships"
1116:Formerly "3 of 3". First Astra rocket to pass the
2934:"Three companies win NASA small launch contracts"
5929:* - Japanese projects using US rockets or stages
2696:"On The Ground: Launch Vehicle 0006 Static Test"
1895:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1596:
1594:
1592:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1480:Rocket 3.3 LV0010 (TROPICS) fuel mixture failure
734:-27AD2 (COSPAR 2021-108A, SATCAT 49494) for the
2768:
2766:
2401:
2399:
1022:"1 of 3". Initially intended to be part of the
2872:"CubeSat Launch Initiative – Upcoming Flights"
2012:"Astra reveals details of next, larger rocket"
1875:"DARPA Launch Challenge Closes With No Winner"
5288:
3388:
3155:"Astra launch of NASA TROPICS cubesats fails"
2821:"Astra to fly upgraded rocket on next launch"
2606:"Launch startup Astra's rocket reaches space"
2196:"Astra scrubs DARPA launch challenge attempt"
1721:
1719:
1717:
8:
3042:"Swarm launched satellites on Astra mission"
2355:"DARPA Launch Challenge ends without winner"
396:
134:
2844:"Astra suffers failure on ELaNa 41 mission"
5986:Space launch vehicles of the United States
5295:
5281:
5273:
3395:
3381:
3373:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2117:
2115:
1488:'s TROPICS weather research (rainfall and
766:under contract, in which Firefly modified
730:(PSCA) carrying the demonstration payload
395:
133:
2604:Etherington, Darrell (15 December 2020).
1809:International Astronautical Congress 2017
1284:S4 Crossover (EyeStar-S4), OreSat0, 16 ×
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1467:Rocket 3.3 LV0008 fairing deploy failure
875:
665:Rocket 3 was a 11.6 m (38 ft)
3353:
1580:"NASA LSP Fact Sheet for Venture Class"
1501:
2796:Burghardt, Thomas (20 November 2021).
2414:from the original on 15 September 2020
1888:
3008:
3006:
2979:
2977:
2870:Higginbotham, Scott (9 August 2021).
2742:
2740:
2599:
2597:
2573:
2571:
2530:from the original on 15 December 2020
2500:from the original on 15 December 2020
2228:"Astra Space suborbital launch fails"
2198:. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2 March 2020.
539:6,500 lbf (29,000 N) vacuum
307:5 (+1 rocket destroyed before launch)
291:7 (+1 rocket destroyed before launch)
7:
3420:Comparison of orbital launch systems
3098:"S4 CROSSOVER Technical Description"
2578:Sheetz, Michael (15 December 2020).
2406:Clark, Stephen (14 September 2020).
2234:from the original on 6 February 2020
2202:from the original on 27 October 2020
2066:Roulette, Joey (21 September 2021).
1811:, California Institute of Technology
1803:Vaughan, David (25 September 2017),
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1420:Rocket 3.0 destruction before launch
146:Rocket 3.0 being prepared to launch.
60:adding citations to reliable sources
3013:Davenport, Justin (14 March 2022).
2627:Clark, Stephen (16 December 2020).
2124:"Alaska launch shrouded in secrecy"
2100:from the original on 2 October 2020
1695:Northon, Karen (22 February 2017).
1400:on 20 July 2018, Rocket 1 left the
590:43 ft (13 m) in height.
368:740 lbf (3,300 N) vacuum
2441:from the original on 3 August 2020
2334:from the original on 22 March 2020
1414:Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska
1402:Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska
788:suborbital point-to-point delivery
728:Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska
686:Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska
27:Launch vehicles developed by Astra
25:
3216:Potter, Sean (26 February 2021).
2907:"Upcoming ELaNa CubeSat Launches"
2842:Beil, Adrian (10 February 2022).
2473:from the original on 17 June 2020
1958:Clark, Stephen (15 August 2023).
1532:Heater, Brian (3 February 2020).
1438:Rocket 3.2 failure to reach orbit
1028:guidance, navigation, and control
3230:
3197:
2932:Foust, Jeff (12 December 2020).
2887:
2773:Berger, Eric (12 October 2021).
2465:Sheetz, Michael (16 June 2020).
2433:Clark, Stephen (1 August 2020).
2384:from the original on 26 May 2020
2376:Sheetz, Michael (5 April 2020).
2326:Clark, Stephen (21 March 2020).
2266:
2158:
1848:Gruss, Mike (30 November 2015).
1509:Sheetz, Michael (16 June 2020).
1451:Rocket 3.3 LV0006 engine failure
684:. It was planned to launch from
500:c. 70,000 lbf (310 kN)
332:c. 32,500 lbf (145 kN)
140:
36:
5976:Expendable space launch systems
5248:Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
2226:Foust, Jeff (6 December 2018).
2092:Berger, Eric (1 October 2020).
1984:Erwin, Sandra (24 April 2023).
226:20–50 kg (44–110 lb)
47:needs additional citations for
5981:Microsatellite launch vehicles
5309:developed in the United States
3415:List of orbital launch systems
2955:Mike Wall (10 February 2022).
2819:Foust, Jeff (13 August 2021).
2747:@jeff_foust (29 August 2021).
2496:. Fairbanks Daily News-Miner.
1784:(Press release). 4 August 2022
1315:Astra-1 rideshare mission for
1:
2520:"Rocket 3.2 Ready To Launch!"
2316:from Todd Master, 1 März 2020
1932:Foust, Jeff (31 March 2023).
1749:Foust, Jeff (5 August 2022).
1726:Foust, Jeff (5 August 2021).
1237:BAMA-1, INCA, QubeSat, R5-S1
18:List of Astra rocket launches
5941:- used Ukrainian first stage
5493:Antares 110/120/130/230/230+
3329:Aubert, Zac (1 March 2023).
3153:Foust, Jeff (12 June 2022).
2672:Foust, Jeff (1 March 2021).
2353:Foust, Jeff (2 March 2020).
2122:Foust, Jeff (27 July 2018).
5991:Vehicles introduced in 2012
2010:Foust, Jeff (13 May 2022).
1601:Foust, Jeff (2 June 2014).
1429:Rocket 3.1 guidance failure
706:University of South Florida
698:University of South Florida
6017:
6001:NASA space launch vehicles
5238:Medium-lift launch vehicle
1674:. Ecco. pp. 204–320.
694:U.S. Department of Defense
5932:** - uses Russian engines
5925:
5256:
5243:Heavy-lift launch vehicle
5233:Small-lift launch vehicle
3410:
2721:Astra (28 August 2021).
1457:United States Space Force
1367:
1323:
1314:
1306:Portland State University
1266:
1256:
1216:
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1125:
1115:
1079:
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1021:
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736:United States Space Force
692:. Three CubeSats for the
554:
515:
475:
383:
347:
311:
230:
218:500 km (310 mi)
139:
5938:- no new orders accepted
2287:"2018 AAC Annual Report"
1563:"Astra Media Kit LV0006"
1350:19 kg (42 lb)
439:18.9 m (62 ft)
1396:At approximately 22:00
889:Rocket / Serial Number
3404:Orbital launch systems
2653:. Astra. 5 August 2021
2179:"PSCA Mission History"
1670:Vance, Ashlee (2023).
1262:thrust vector system.
1073:DARPA Launch Challenge
1024:DARPA Launch Challenge
1013:DARPA Launch Challenge
690:DARPA Launch Challenge
492:Reaver engine variant)
197:43 ft (13 m)
3102:NearSpace Launch, Inc
2800:. NASASpaceFlight.com
1134:Rocket 3.3 / LV0006
671:Sun-synchronous orbit
2526:. 11 December 2020.
2312:1 March 2020 at the
56:improve this article
3258:. 28 September 2022
3064:McDowell, Jonathan
2437:. Spaceflight Now.
2410:. Spaceflight Now.
2330:. Spaceflight Now.
398:
136:
5721:v1.2 "Full Thrust"
4410:v1.2 "Full Thrust"
2913:. 16 November 2021
2285:Alaska Aerospace.
2177:Alaska Aerospace.
1461:Space Test Program
952:29 November 2018
852:Loss before launch
235:Associated rockets
5961:Astra (aerospace)
5948:
5947:
5935:- never succeeded
5270:
5269:
3108:. 6 December 2021
3066:(11 April 2022).
2877:. NASA. p. 3
2631:. Spaceflight Now
2047:on 12 August 2021
1568:. 28 August 2021.
1381:
1380:
1317:Spaceflight, Inc.
1038:12 September 2020
764:Firefly Aerospace
760:Ursa Major Hadley
748:Proposed Variants
565:
564:
423:Country of origin
394:
393:
173:Country of origin
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
6008:
5333:Falcon 9 Block 5
5297:
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5119:Universal Rocket
3490:Falcon 9 Block 5
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3284:. 29 August 2021
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2702:. 20 August 2021
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2096:. Ars Technica.
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1302:NearSpace Launch
1220:10 February 2022
1203:U.S. Space Force
1175:20 November 2021
1157:U.S. Space Force
1083:15 December 2020
876:
869:
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558:edit on Wikidata
399:
387:edit on Wikidata
184:US$ 2.5 million
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5228:Sounding rocket
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3134:. 14 March 2022
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3044:. 22 March 2022
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5404:Vulcan Centaur
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5307:launch systems
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3845:In development
3842:
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3824:Vulcan Centaur
3821:
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3369:External links
3367:
3364:
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3348:
3347:
3335:The Launch Pad
3321:
3310:. 6 March 2022
3295:
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3241:
3208:
3173:
3145:
3119:
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3055:
3033:
3002:
2991:. 8 March 2022
2973:
2947:
2924:
2898:
2862:
2834:
2811:
2788:
2777:. Ars Technica
2762:
2755:) – via
2736:
2729:) – via
2713:
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2642:
2619:
2593:
2567:
2549:Berger, Eric.
2541:
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1129:28 August 2021
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989:23 March 2020
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797:Launch history
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710:nanosatellites
678:Castle Airport
667:launch vehicle
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468:Total launches
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159:launch vehicle
153:
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71:"Astra Rocket"
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5971:NASA programs
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5798:Space Shuttle
5796:
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5343:Firefly Alpha
5341:
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5124:UR-500 Proton
5122:
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4811:Blue Scout II
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3282:Bloomberg.com
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915:20 July 2018
914:
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898:Payload mass
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73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
5855:Thorad-Agena
5765:
5338:Falcon Heavy
5018:Thorad-Agena
4751:
4691:Soyuz/Vostok
3495:Falcon Heavy
3356:
3340:26 September
3338:. Retrieved
3334:
3324:
3314:26 September
3312:. Retrieved
3307:
3298:
3288:26 September
3286:. Retrieved
3281:
3272:
3262:29 September
3260:. Retrieved
3253:
3244:
3222:. Retrieved
3211:
3189:. Retrieved
3185:
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3158:
3148:
3136:. Retrieved
3131:
3122:
3110:. Retrieved
3101:
3092:
3082:– via
3076:. Retrieved
3058:
3046:. Retrieved
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3018:
2993:. Retrieved
2988:
2964:. Retrieved
2960:
2950:
2938:. Retrieved
2927:
2915:. Retrieved
2901:
2881:22 September
2879:. Retrieved
2865:
2853:. Retrieved
2847:
2837:
2825:. Retrieved
2814:
2802:. Retrieved
2791:
2779:. Retrieved
2716:
2704:. Retrieved
2699:
2690:
2678:. Retrieved
2667:
2655:. Retrieved
2645:
2633:. Retrieved
2622:
2610:. Retrieved
2608:. TechCrunch
2584:. Retrieved
2558:. Retrieved
2554:
2544:
2532:. Retrieved
2523:
2514:
2502:. Retrieved
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2443:. Retrieved
2428:
2418:15 September
2416:. Retrieved
2386:. Retrieved
2371:
2359:. Retrieved
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2321:
2307:Twitter-News
2302:
2290:. Retrieved
2280:
2258:. Retrieved
2248:
2236:. Retrieved
2204:. Retrieved
2172:
2150:. Retrieved
2140:
2128:. Retrieved
2102:. Retrieved
2087:
2075:. Retrieved
2071:
2061:
2049:. Retrieved
2045:the original
2040:
2031:
2019:. Retrieved
2015:
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1989:
1979:
1967:. Retrieved
1964:Ars Technica
1963:
1953:
1941:. Retrieved
1937:
1927:
1915:. Retrieved
1905:
1879:. Retrieved
1869:
1857:. Retrieved
1853:
1843:
1831:. Retrieved
1826:
1817:
1808:
1798:
1786:. Retrieved
1779:
1770:
1760:26 September
1758:. Retrieved
1754:
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1706:27 September
1704:. Retrieved
1700:
1690:
1671:
1636:. Retrieved
1631:
1622:
1612:26 September
1610:. Retrieved
1606:
1574:
1538:. Retrieved
1536:. TechCrunch
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1504:
1483:
1470:
1454:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1411:
1395:
1387:
1327:12 June 2022
1088:Rocket 3.2
973:Test Flight
936:Test Flight
892:Launch site
792:
777:
756:
743:
740:
725:
717:
714:
675:
664:
655:
643:
634:
621:
618:
615:
608:
604:
596:
592:
588:
577:
569:Astra Rocket
568:
566:
520:Second stage
415:Manufacturer
352:Second stage
282:CCSFS SLC-46
274:Launch sites
165:Manufacturer
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
5744:LauncherOne
5420:Antares 330
4508:LauncherOne
4459:Kaituozhe-1
4236:Black Arrow
3988:Orbex Prime
3887:Hyperbola-2
3852:Antares 330
3552:Kaituozhe 2
3525:Hyperbola-1
3224:27 February
2966:10 February
2936:. SpaceNews
2917:24 November
2855:11 February
2823:. SpaceNews
2804:20 November
2676:. SpaceNews
2635:16 December
2612:16 December
2586:16 December
2560:15 December
2555:twitter.com
2534:15 December
2504:15 December
2357:. SpaceNews
2126:. SpaceNews
1730:. SpaceNews
1585:. May 2021.
1540:17 December
1517:17 December
1444:Kármán Line
1290:SpaceBEE NZ
1118:Kármán Line
1043:Rocket 3.1
992:Rocket 3.0
970:Suborbital
933:Suborbital
646:first stage
480:First stage
316:First stage
296:Success(es)
207:Payload to
112:August 2023
5955:Categories
4513:Long March
4417:Feng Bao 1
4030:Tianlong-3
3956:New Line 1
3914:Long March
3862:Cyclone-4M
3802:Tianlong-2
3780:2.1b / STB
3775:2.1a / STA
3718:Pegasus XL
3584:Long March
3557:Kinetica 1
3480:Chollima-1
3112:6 December
2781:12 October
2260:17 October
1496:References
1490:hurricanes
1459:under the
1371:Rocket Lab
1017:Precluded
722:Rocket 3.3
682:California
611:Chris Kemp
544:Propellant
530:Hadley ITV
505:Propellant
488:2 Chiron (
485:Powered by
373:Propellant
337:Propellant
321:Powered by
304:Failure(s)
240:Comparable
82:newspapers
5589:Conestoga
5450:Red Dwarf
5435:New Glenn
5425:Daytona I
4612:Paektusan
4241:Conestoga
3998:Red Dwarf
3951:New Glenn
3882:Gravity-2
3872:Epsilon S
3505:Gravity-1
3308:astra.com
3160:SpaceNews
2989:SpaceNews
2961:Space.com
2827:27 August
2706:27 August
2524:astra.com
2104:2 October
2072:The Verge
2016:SpaceNews
1990:SpaceNews
1938:SpaceNews
1854:SpaceNews
1827:SpaceNews
1755:SpaceNews
1607:SpaceNews
1281:, Pad 3B
1186:, Pad 3B
1140:, Pad 3B
1111:Failure
1094:, Pad 3B
1049:, Pad 3B
998:, Pad 3B
967:Unknown
955:Rocket 2
930:Unknown
918:Rocket 1
904:Customer
780:Air Force
547:Kerosene/
508:Kerosene/
376:Kerosene/
340:Kerosene/
324:5 Delphin
202:Capacity
5917:Vanguard
5828:Ablestar
5813:Terran 1
5766:Rocket 3
5706:Falcon 9
5701:Falcon 1
5694:IV Heavy
5477:Terran R
5472:Starship
5460:Block 1B
5348:Minotaur
5328:Electron
5156:original
5146:Vanguard
5129:Proton-K
5102:original
4950:Ablestar
4935:Terran 1
4893:original
4752:Rocket 3
4659:original
4469:original
4395:Falcon 9
4390:Falcon 1
4346:IV Heavy
4062:Zuljanah
4025:Terran R
4008:Block 1B
3993:Pallas-1
3897:Kuaizhou
3857:Bloostar
3797:Starship
3748:Shavit 2
3733:Qaem 100
3723:Proton-M
3681:Minotaur
3562:Kuaizhou
3485:Electron
3453:Ariane 6
3138:16 March
3078:29 April
3048:23 March
3026:15 March
2995:14 March
2680:5 August
2657:5 August
2528:Archived
2498:Archived
2471:Archived
2469:. CNBC.
2445:2 August
2439:Archived
2412:Archived
2382:Archived
2380:. CNBC.
2338:22 March
2332:Archived
2310:Archived
2292:23 March
2238:23 March
2232:Archived
2206:23 March
2200:Archived
2130:23 March
2098:Archived
1891:cite web
1788:5 August
1734:5 August
1408:Rocket 2
1392:Rocket 1
1375:Electron
1363:Failure
1310:Success
1286:SpaceBEE
1259:ELaNa 41
1252:Failure
1207:Success
1180:LV0007
1161:Failure
1066:Failure
976:Failure
961:, Pad 2
939:Failure
924:, Pad 2
907:Outcome
895:Payload
774:Rocket 5
753:Rocket 4
696:and the
661:Rocket 3
652:Rocket 2
640:Rocket 1
626:Variants
444:Capacity
402:Function
397:Rocket 4
360:1 Aether
247:Electron
215:Altitude
152:Function
135:Rocket 3
5739:Juno II
5582:Centaur
5486:Retired
5465:Block 2
5440:Neutron
5397:Block 1
5375:Pegasus
5322:Atlas V
5304:Orbital
5221:Classes
5092:Tsyklon
4930:Start-1
4701:Voskhod
4696:Sputnik
4632:Molniya
4617:Pilot-2
4454:Juno II
4368:Epsilon
4363:Energia
4353:Diamant
4229:Centaur
4078:Antares
4071:Retired
4020:Soyuz-7
4013:Block 2
3946:Neutron
3936:Miura 5
3770:Soyuz-2
3763:Block 1
3753:Simorgh
3530:Jielong
3458:Atlas V
3429:Current
3186:sam.gov
3166:13 June
3132:SatNews
3084:Twitter
2940:19 June
2757:Twitter
2731:Twitter
2477:16 June
2388:12 June
2361:3 March
2152:3 April
2051:17 July
2041:Firefly
2021:11 June
1995:11 June
1969:11 June
1943:11 June
1859:12 June
1833:12 June
1638:11 June
1345:TROPICS
1332:LV0010
1275:LV0009
1225:LV0008
1192:-27AD2
1177:06:16
1146:-27AD1
1131:22:35
879:Flight
870:Planned
864:Success
846:Failure
601:History
525:Engines
490:Firefly
450:Payload
406:Orbital
357:Engines
269:Retired
252:Pegasus
156:Orbital
96:scholar
5865:II GLV
5848:DSV-2U
5838:Burner
5808:Sparta
5771:Saturn
5734:Juno I
5499:Athena
5315:Active
5205:Zhuque
5139:Strela
5097:R-36-O
5040:II GLV
5028:SLV-2H
5023:SLV-2G
5011:DSV-2U
4989:Burner
4925:SS-520
4920:Sparta
4888:Shavit
4779:Saturn
4740:Shtil'
4706:Vostok
4649:Polyot
4607:Naro-1
4496:Lambda
4464:Kosmos
4449:Juno I
4373:Europa
4147:Athena
4110:Ariane
4050:Zhuque
4040:Vega E
3892:Irtysh
3829:Zhuque
3547:KAIROS
3436:Angara
3361:orbit.
3220:. NASA
3191:9 June
2582:. CNBC
2077:3 June
1917:18 May
1881:18 May
1678:
1634:. NASA
1513:. CNBC
1340:SLC-46
1329:17:43
1288:, 4 ×
1272:16:22
1233:SLC-46
1222:20:00
1097:None
1085:20:55
1052:None
1040:03:19
901:Orbit
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
784:AFWERX
768:Reaver
536:Thrust
458:550 kg
436:Height
365:Thrust
266:Status
194:Height
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
5860:Titan
5843:Delta
5833:Agena
5803:SPARK
5793:Scout
5761:Pilot
5594:Delta
5577:Agena
5567:SLV-3
5562:LV-3B
5516:Atlas
5168:Zenit
5163:VLS-1
5134:Rokot
5035:Titan
5006:Delta
4967:Agena
4915:SPARK
4801:Scout
4757:Safir
4745:Volna
4654:Soyuz
4444:H-IIB
4358:Dnepr
4246:Delta
4224:Agena
4214:SLV-3
4209:LV-3B
4164:Atlas
3738:Qased
3713:OS-M1
3515:H-IIA
3463:Ceres
3072:Tweet
2875:(PDF)
2753:Tweet
2727:Tweet
2700:Astra
2256:. FAA
2148:. FAA
1781:Astra
1583:(PDF)
1566:(PDF)
1108:None
1063:None
702:DARPA
631:SALVO
584:ALASA
581:DARPA
573:Astra
556:[
418:Astra
385:[
168:Astra
103:JSTOR
89:books
5905:CT-3
5890:IIIE
5885:IIID
5880:IIIC
5875:IIIB
5870:IIIA
5823:Able
5818:Thor
5755:N-II
5716:v1.1
5711:v1.0
5674:5000
5669:4000
5664:3000
5659:2000
5654:1000
5649:0100
5572:Able
5445:Nova
5193:3SLB
5151:Vega
5080:CT-3
5065:IIIE
5060:IIID
5055:IIIC
5050:IIIB
5045:IIIA
4945:Able
4940:Thor
4841:X-2B
4831:X-3M
4821:X-2M
4735:R-29
4627:Luna
4602:N-II
4580:3SII
4479:2/2I
4439:H-II
4427:Mk I
4422:GSLV
4405:v1.1
4400:v1.0
4326:5000
4321:4000
4316:3000
4311:2000
4306:1000
4301:0100
4219:Able
4142:ASLV
4103:230+
4045:Zero
3971:OS-M
3966:Nova
3961:NGLV
3877:Eris
3867:Deca
3812:Vega
3807:Unha
3792:SSLV
3785:2-1v
3728:PSLV
3708:Nuri
3676:LVM3
3609:3B/E
3510:GSLV
3342:2023
3316:2023
3290:2023
3264:2022
3255:NASA
3226:2021
3193:2021
3168:2022
3140:2022
3114:2021
3080:2022
3050:2022
3028:2022
2997:2022
2968:2022
2942:2021
2919:2021
2911:NASA
2883:2021
2857:2022
2829:2021
2806:2021
2783:2021
2708:2021
2682:2021
2659:2021
2637:2020
2614:2020
2588:2020
2562:2020
2536:2020
2506:2020
2479:2020
2447:2020
2420:2020
2390:2020
2363:2020
2340:2020
2294:2020
2262:2018
2240:2020
2208:2020
2154:2018
2132:2020
2106:2020
2079:2023
2053:2024
2023:2024
1997:2024
1971:2024
1945:2024
1919:2024
1897:link
1883:2024
1861:2024
1835:2024
1790:2022
1762:2023
1736:2021
1708:2023
1701:NASA
1676:ISBN
1640:2024
1614:2023
1542:2020
1519:2020
1486:NASA
1359:NASA
1347:× 2
1279:PSCA
1248:NASA
1184:PSCA
1138:PSCA
1100:N/A
1092:PSCA
1055:N/A
1047:PSCA
1004:N/A
1001:N/A
996:PSCA
986:N/A
959:PSCA
922:PSCA
836:2022
833:2021
830:2020
827:2019
824:2018
567:The
431:Size
278:PSCA
223:Mass
189:Size
75:news
5900:23G
5895:34D
5749:N-I
5728:H-I
5684:III
5556:III
5531:E/F
5455:SLS
5430:MLV
5392:SLS
5387:RS1
5188:3SL
5183:2FG
5075:23G
5070:34D
4905:SLV
4881:G-1
4876:F-1
4871:E-1
4866:A-1
4861:D-1
4856:B-1
4836:X-4
4826:X-3
4816:X-2
4806:X-1
4622:R-7
4597:N-I
4434:H-I
4336:III
4204:III
4179:E/F
4098:230
4093:130
4088:120
4083:110
4035:VLM
4003:SLS
3941:MLV
3758:SLS
3743:RS1
3669:11H
3441:1.2
3106:FCC
1398:UTC
1373:'s
1354:LEO
1297:SSO
1243:LEO
1198:LEO
1190:STP
1152:LEO
1144:STP
1104:LEO
1059:LEO
1008:LEO
884:UTC
816:2.5
810:1.5
804:0.5
782:'s
732:STP
549:LOX
510:LOX
454:LEO
452:to
378:LOX
342:LOX
209:SSO
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5781:IB
5689:IV
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5509:II
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5178:2M
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4767:1A
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4664:FG
4592:N1
4575:3S
4570:3H
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4560:4S
4555:Mu
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